An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), or drone, is an aircraft without a human pilot that is controlled autonomously or remotely. The document discusses the history of UAV development from early attempts in 1916 to current military and research applications. It provides details on Indian UAVs developed by DRDO and HAL such as Rustom and Nishant, and compares specifications of the US Global Hawk drone to the Indian Rustom-H. The uses, advantages, and disadvantages of UAVs are outlined.

1. DRONE:
UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE
Seminar Co-Ordinator:
Mr. A.K.Singh
Seminar Presented by:
Ajit Pal Singh

2. Introduction
An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), known
as a drone, is an aircraft without a human pilot.
Drone stands for Dynamic Remotely
Operated Navigation Equipment
Its flight is either controlled autonomously by
computers or under the remote control of a pilot
on the ground

3. Birthof UAV’s
The earliest attempt at a powered unmanned aerial vehicle was
A. M. Low's "Aerial Target" of 1916
After World War-I, including the first scale RPV, developed by
the film star and model airplane enthusiast Reginald Denny in
1935
The birth of U.S. UAVs began in 1959 when United States Air
Force officers, concerned about losing pilots over hostile
territory.
The August 2 &4, 1964,U.S. Navy initiated America's highly
classified UAVs into their first combat missions of the Vietnam
War.

4. UAVis a “System”
Unmanned Aircraft
Transportable
Ground control System
Cockpit

5. Sub-Systemof UAVs
COMMUNICATIONS:-
Operates on ultra high frequency
Communicates with ku-band system
Operates with uplink frequencies from 15.15 to
15.35 GHz and downlink frequency 14.40 GHz to
14.83 GHz
NAVIGATION:-
Avionics use satellite based system such as GPS and
WAAS
It calculates position automatically

6. MONITORING:-
Includes GPS system
High resolution video camera
Super high resolution still camera
COLLISION AVOIDANCE SYSTEM:-
Use traffic and collision system
Smaller aircraft use simple traffic alerting system
Aircraft use ground proximity warning system
WEATHER SYSTEM:-
Use weather radar and lighting detector system

7. *Structureof Global Hawk

9. INDIA HAVING UAV
DEVELOPED BY DRDO & HAL
LAKASHYA DRDO RUSTOM
DEVELOPED BY ADE
FLUFFY PAWAN NISHANT

10. DRDO Rustom
*Rustom is a Medium Altitude
Long Endurance unmanned
combat air vehicle being
developed by DRDO.
*Digital Flight Control and
Navigation System, Automatic
Take off and Landing.
*Aerodynamic configurations,
High aspect ratio wing,
Composite airframe integrated
with propulsion system, De-
icing system for wings

11. DRDONishant
*The DRDO Nishant is an developed by India's ADE .
*Day/night capability training vehicle.
*Its range of Service ceiling:3,600 m (upto 11,800 ft)

12. Lakshya is an Indian
remotely piloted high speed
target drone system
developed by ADE of
DRDO.
Service ceiling: 9,000 m
(29,528 ft) 5,000 metres
(16,404 ft) with towed
target.
Launch: Rocket
Assisted
LAKSHYAPTA

13. US Drone-Global Hawk:
*Length-13.5m
*Wingspam-35.4m
*Height-4.6m
*Empty-Weight-3850kg
*Max loaded weight-10400kg
*Maximum speed-650kmph
*Service ceiling-20000m
*Endurance-34hours
Indian Drone-Rustom-H:
*Length-9.5m
*Wingspam-20.6m
*Height-6.1m
*Empty weight-1800kg
*Max loaded weight-2150kg
*Maximum Speed-225kmph
*Service ceiling-10668m
*Endurance-14hours
ComparisonwithUS DRONE

14. UAVvs. MannedAircraft
Remotely piloted vehicles will never fully replace manned
aircraft
They can perform an increasingly sophisticated array of
missions due to their small size and decreased radar.
To wholly replace man would be expensive and technically
risky.
UAS should be only considered for certain types of
missions for which it can be a cost effective
With a continuing trend of miniaturization in electronics,
the UAV can be made much smaller and cheaper
Size largely determined by the size of the payload,

15. *IN COUNTER TERRORISM ACTIVITY:
*IN COMMERCIALAERIAL SURVEILLANCE:

16. IN OIL, GAS AND MINERAL EXPLORATION &
PRODUCTION:
IN TRANSPORT
IN SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH
IN ARMED ATTACKS
IN SEARCH & RESCUE

17. ADVANTAGES
Does not contain, or need, a qualified pilot on board
Can enter environments that are dangerous to
human life
Reduces the exposure risk of the aircraft operator
Performing visual or thermal imaging of a region
Measuring cell phone, radio, or, TV coverage over
any terrain
Can be programmed to complete the mission
autonomously even when contact with its GCS is lost

18. DISADVANTAGES
Immoral
Civilian casualties
Angers many people in foreign countries(infringe upon
sovereignty)
Can be hacked or given viruses
Too small for transportation of materials
Low resistance to weather
Cannot refuel in flight
If contact is lost with the ground station, the vehicle may be lost.

19. CONCLUSION
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles are an exciting field in
the world of aviation, with new discoveries. Over
the next 16 years, UAVs will become a significant
component of military, civil, and perhaps even
commercial aviation.
However, the very dynamic nature of the field also
creates a significant amount of uncertainty. The
wide range of UAV physical and performance
characteristics, many of which will be very unlike
any current aircraft, will place additional
challenges on an air traffic management system.