1. * GB780099 (A)
Description: GB780099 (A) ? 1957-07-31
Improvements in or relating to laundry washing machines
Description of GB780099 (A)
PATENT SPECIFICATION
Date of Application and filing Complete Specification: April 7, 1955.
Application made in Germany on April 8, 1954.
Application made in Germany on July 8, 1954.
Application made in Germany on Feb. 12, 1955.
Application made in Germany on Feb. 12, 1955.
Complete Specification Published: July 31, 1957.
780,099 No. 10357/55.
Index at acceptance:-Class 138(2), A(1E:8).
International Classification:-D06f.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
Improvements in or relating to Laundry Washing Machines We, W A M S L
E R HERD-UND OFEN G.m.b.H., a German body corporate, of 372,
Landsbergerstrasse, Munich, Germany, do hereby declare the invention,
for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method
by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by
the following statement:This invention relates to a laundry washing
machine which consists of an impeller mounted inside a wash-tub. It is
the purpose of the impeller to swirl the detergent solution in the tub
in such a manner that the detergent flows round and through the
washing, rubbing it together and beating it, so as to terminate the
washing process within 4 to 5 minutes with hot detergent solution.
It is the object of the present invention, in washing machines of this
type, to eliminate as far as possible any intertwining of the washing,
resulting from rotary flow, and leading to prolongation of the washing
process, and at the same time to obtain a shape which permits the
provision of a spin drier drum in the minimum amount of space.
According to the invention there is provided a laundry washing machine
having a wash tub containing at least one impeller, and a spin drier
drum located in a recess of the wash tub, characterized in that the

2. wash tub comprises four side walls at right angles to each other of
which two adjacent walls are of equal length and are longer than the
remaining two walls, the latter being joined by a wall which is
concave outwardly thus providing a cross-sectional shape having two
limbs at right angles, the impeller or impellers being situated near
the junction of the two limbs and said concave wall receiving the spin
drier drum.
The spin drier drum and the impeller or impellers may have a common
driving [Price 3/61 motor, which may conveniently drive both together.
It is known to drive the two mechanisms, namely the impeller and the
spin drier each by a separate motor, because the two 50 drives have
different characteristics. The impeller requires little starting
torque; full load is only reached at full operating speed. The spin
drier drum, on the other hand, requires a high starting torque, 55
which becomes a minimum when the operating speed is reached.
The single driving motor used according to a feature of the invention
has such a characteristic that it can carry out not 60 only the
washing operation at full operational speed but also the spin drying
operation.
An embodiment of a washing machine according to the invention is
hereinafter 65 described, by way of example, with reference to the
accompanying drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 is a plan of the machine; Fig. 2 is an elevation of the machine
70 with a wall of the housing removed; Fig. 3 is a section of the
bottom of the wash-tub along the line A-A in Fig. 1, the outer housing
being omitted.
Inside an all-embracing housing 1, which 75 is substantially square in
cross-section, there is on the one hand a wash-tub 2 with two
impellers 3 and on the other hand a spin drier drum 4. The wash-tub
has a cross-sectional shape having two limbs 580 and 6 at right angles
to one another. The two impellers 3 are situated near the junetion of
the two limbs 5 and 6. The walls 7 and 8 facing the spin drier drum 4,
form a circular arc, at the centre of which is 85 the drive shaft 9 of
the spin drier drum 4.
This lies inside a square two sides of which are defined by the two
external sides 10 and 11 of the two arms 5 and 6.
The impellers 3 rest near the bottom of 90 780,099 the tub 2 and are
mounted on shafts 12 which have V-belt pulleys 13 of large radius. The
V-belt pulleys 13 are connected bv means of a V-belt 14 to a V-belt
pulley 15 of smaller radius (the radius is about half the radius of
the pulleys 13), which is mounted on the shaft of a driving motor 16
which also carries the spin drier drum 4. The motor 16 is mounted on
springs 17. Its stator may, in addition, be turnable against spring
tension so that, as a result of the reaction force, it turns through a

3. small angle contrary to the direction of rotation of the rotor. This
turning can be utilized in known manner to actuate a mechanical brake
on the drum 4. A simple mechanical brake may, of course, also be
provided, in so far as such a brake is necessary at all in view of the
fact -that the impellers 3 already act as a brake. At the top the
washing machine is covered with a plate 18 which extends over the
upper edges of the tub 2 and of the drunm. In addition, a cover 19 may
also be articulated to the housing, 1 so as to permit the washing
machine to be completely closed at the top so as to protect it from
dirt when not in use, and if necessary to form a surface on which to
deposit articles. As shown in Fig. 2, the plate 18 is drawn down
somewhat over the drum 4 so as to form the seating for a circular lid.
Whereas in wash-tubs with one impeller, the washing becomes entangled
as a result of the rotational flow about the axis of the impeller, and
the washing process is eonsequently prolonged, such entangling is
largely prevented as a result of the special shaping of the wash-tub
2. Above all, rotary circulation of the washing about the axis of the
impeller is prevented and hence the entanglement of the washing The
circulation of the washing takes place in planes parallel to the wall
10 or 11 of the wash-tub. At the bottom of the container, the
impellers drive the flowing detergent solution, by which the washing
is carried along, away from the impellers in the direction of the two
limbs 5 and 6.
The solution flows into the hollow space in these two limbs, since the
wall 7 likewise guides the current of liquid into these spaces. Near
the bottom, therefore. the items of washing move into the spaces in
the limbs at the ends of which they rise with the current. Near the
surface, the current drives the washing back towards the impellers.
Above the impellers, they are again drawn down and begin the
circulation again from the beginning. Entangling of the washing in the
zone immediately above the impellers therefore could not occur at all,
or only over a very long period of running.
The special shape of the wash-tub not only has the advantage
mentioned, however, lut in addition also resul's in the fact that the
spin drier drum can be housed in a manner taking up very little extra
space. 70 As a result of the common drive, the impellers and the spinl
drier drum also operate simultaneouslyv. This is an advantage with
this washing principle because the washing operation by means of the
75 impeller takes about four minutes, that is to say, exactly the same
time as the washing is generaill spin dried by means of the drum 4.
Sueeessive washing operations can therefore be earried out
simultaneously, without any difficulty by treating in the drum the
elaroe previously treated in the wash-tub at the same time as the
following eharge is treated in the washtub. 85 With two impellers

4. present,. which is very advantageous in itself. two different flows of
the washing liquid can be distinguished. One flow is a circular one
about the rotational axes of the two impellers. 90 The second flow is
a radial flow, which is substantially in the plane of the two
impellers. The washing liquid flowing radially collides between the
two impellers and circular eddies are formed which do not 95 lead to a
washiing effect but nevertheless form an undertow which attracts the
washing present in the washing liquid. Nevertheless the washing should
come into contact with the impellers as little as possible, 100 or not
at all, and in particular it should not get into the space between the
two impellers because here the washing is partieularly subjected to
wear.
To remedy this, a separating member is 105 provided between the two
wash-tub impellers lying in the same plane, which prevents the mutual
impingement of radialflow washing liquid.
The two impeller discs 3 are spaced 110 apart at a distance which is
not greater than the diameter of one impeller disc.
Between the two discs 3 is a separating member 20 in the form of a
ridge stamped out of the bottom of the wash-tub and the 115
cross-section of lwhich is in the shape of a gable-ended roof. The top
of the separating member 20 lies above the plane of the impeller discs
3. The side faces are directed obliquely downwards towards the 120
impeller discs 3. The height of the separating member 20 corresponds
to about a quarter to half the diameter of the impeller discs.
The two impeller discs 3 both riun in an 125 anti-clockwise direction.
The washing liquid therefore circulates against the wall of the tub in
the direction of the arrows shown. In addition to this flow, there is
also a radial flow in the region of the plane 130 780,099 in which the
impeller discs lie. The radial flows of the two impeller discs would
collide if the separating member 20 were not present, and would form
an undertow which could attract the washing.
The presence of the separating member prevents such a whirlpool and
the radial flows are diverted upwards in the direction of the arrows
21 in Fig. 3, whereby the washing is moved away from the impeller
discs 3, particularly from the space between the two impeller discs.
It is known to mount the lower end of the shaft of a vertical spin
drier resiliently in a rubber sleeve and thus to compensate for the
out-of-balance resulting from uneven charging with washing.
It is now necessary to make the spin drier drum comparatively long on
the one hand so as to keep the lower bearing end of the drum shaft
near floor level and on the other hand to keep the mouth of the drum
at operating height. In this case, the resilient mounting of the lower
end of the drum shaft is not sufficient, and an intermediate shaft is
inserted between the motor shaft and the drum shaft.

5. Any out-of-balance of the drum is compensated for by the intermediate
shaft, which permits a parallel displacement of the drum in relation
to the floor or bottom of the drum housing. When out-of-balance is
present, the intermediate shaft automatically adapts itself to the
axis passing vertically through the centre of gravity of the drum.
Naturally, it is understood that the resilience of the coupling
members and of the bearing must not be too great.
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