This document discusses the four types of access modifiers in Java - default, public, private, and protected. It provides examples of when each access modifier can be accessed, including within the same package, from other packages, or only within the class. The default access is only within the same package, public is anywhere, private is only within the class, and protected is within the package or subclasses in other packages.

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2. Modifiers Types
• It is a keywords.
• It is used to set access levels for classes, variables, methods and constructors.
• 4 types of access modifier:
1. Default
2. Public
3. Private
4. protected
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3. Access Modifier (default)
• No need keyword.
• Visible to the package, the default. No modifiers are needed.
• The data members, class or methods which are not declared using any access
modifiers.
• It accessible only within the same package.
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4. Access Modifier (default)
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D:/p1/Dog.java
package p1;
class Dog
{
void display()
{
System.out.println("Hello World!");
}
}
D:/DogNew.java
import p1.*;
class DogNew
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
Dog d=new Dog();
d.display();
}
}
Compile time error
Because only access within
same package

5. Access Modifier (public)
• Keyword: public
• Accessible from everywhere in the program.
• There is no restrictions on the scope of a public data members.
• Class, method, or data members which are declared as public.
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6. Access Modifier (public)
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D:/p1/Dog.java
package p1;
public class Dog
{
public void display()
{
System.out.println("Hello World!");
}
}
D:/DogNew.java
import p1.*;
class DogNew
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
Dog d=new Dog();
d.display();
}
}
Hello World

7. Access Modifier (private)
• Keyword: private
• Accessible only within the class.
• Any other class of same package will not be able to access.
• Only visible within the enclosing class.
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8. Access Modifier (private)
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D:/Dog.java
class A
{
private void display()
{
System.out.println("Hello World!");
}
}
class B
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
A a=new A();
a.display();
}
}
error: display() has private access in A obj.display();

9. Access Modifier (protected)
• Keyword: protected
• Accessible within same package or sub classes in different package.
• only visible within the enclosing class and any subclasses
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10. Access Modifier (protected)
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D:/p1/Dog.java
package p1;
public class A
{
protected void display()
{
System.out.println("Hello World!");
}
}
D:/DogNew.java
import p1.*;
class B extends A
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
A d=new A();
d.display();
}
}
Hello World