This document summarizes the Office of Naval Research's (ONR) basic research program, including funding amounts, objectives, and portfolio areas. It discusses how ONR invests approximately 45% of its budget in long-term discovery and invention through basic and applied research. This includes funding for university research initiatives, in-house laboratory independent research, and defense research science programs. It also outlines ONR's processes for peer reviewing basic research programs and provides examples of specific basic research programs like the Basic Research Challenge and the National Naval Responsibility programs. Finally, it summarizes ONR's investment in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics education and outreach programs.
Dr. Patrick Bradshaw presents an overview of his program, Sensory Information Systems, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
The document provides an overview of sensation and perception. It discusses topics like sensation, the sensory systems, perception, factors affecting perception, and abnormalities in perception. Sensation is defined as the detection of physical stimuli by the sense organs, while perception is the process of organizing sensations into meaningful representations. The key sensory systems - visual, auditory, chemical, and somatosensory - are described in detail. Concepts like absolute thresholds, sensory adaptation, coding, and localization are explained. Factors influencing perception such as attention, gestalt principles, and ambiguous stimuli are also covered.
Developing data services: a tale from two Oregon universitiesAmanda Whitmire
While the generation or collection of large, complex research datasets is becoming easier and less expensive all the time, researchers often lack the knowledge and skills that are necessary to properly manage them. Having these skills is paramount in ensuring data quality, integrity, discoverability, integration, reproducibility, and reuse over time. Librarians have been preserving, managing and disseminating information for thousands of years. As scholarly research is increasingly carried out digitally, and products of research have expanded from primarily text-based manuscripts to include datasets, metadata, maps, software code etc., it is a natural expansion of scope for libraries to be involved in the stewardship of these materials as well. This kind of evolution requires that libraries bring in faculty with new skills and collaborate more intimately with researchers during the research data lifecycle, and this is exactly what is happening in academic libraries across the country. In this webinar, two researchers-turned-data-specialists, both based in academic libraries, will share their experiences and perspectives on the development of research data services at their respective institutions. Each will share their perspective on the important role that libraries can play in helping researchers manage, preserve, and share their data.
Presented at International Workshop on
Frontiers of Neuroengineering,
Brain-machine Interfaces
& Neural Prostheses
Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
March 29, 2011
The document discusses limitations in neuroimaging compilation and analysis for studying neural correlates of consciousness. It proposes compiling activation likelihood estimations from numerous neuroimaging experiments involving senses of ownership and agency to analyze combined neural activation patterns on 3D brain renderings. This may help reconcile limitations like indirect blood flow detection in fMRI and poor spatial/temporal resolution in PET scans. The hypothesis is that analyzing aggregated data this way could provide a more comprehensive understanding of neural correlates related to senses of ownership and agency.
This document discusses mind reading technology and its development. It begins with acknowledgements and then outlines the contents which include an introduction to mind reading, the technology used, instruments, developments, techniques for evaluation, advantages and uses, disadvantages and conclusions. It discusses how EEG, fNIRS and other tools are being used to decode brain activity and reconstruct images of what a person is viewing. While the technology offers advantages for applications like controlling wheelchairs with thought, it also raises issues regarding privacy and the risk of criminalizing innocent people. Further development is still needed to improve accuracy and address societal concerns before practical applications can be realized.
The Auburn University MRI Research Center houses advanced MRI systems including a 3 Tesla and 7 Tesla whole body scanner. The center conducts research in areas such as cardiovascular health, cognitive neuroscience, animal imaging, and technology development. Example projects described include cardiac MRI research funded by NIH, a study of PTSD biomarkers funded by the Army, and work to improve visualization of brain structures for surgical planning. The director is Dr. Thomas Denney in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering.
This document summarizes the Office of Naval Research's (ONR) basic research program, including funding amounts, objectives, and portfolio areas. It discusses how ONR invests approximately 45% of its budget in long-term discovery and invention through basic and applied research. This includes funding for university research initiatives, in-house laboratory independent research, and defense research science programs. It also outlines ONR's processes for peer reviewing basic research programs and provides examples of specific basic research programs like the Basic Research Challenge and the National Naval Responsibility programs. Finally, it summarizes ONR's investment in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics education and outreach programs.
Dr. Patrick Bradshaw presents an overview of his program, Sensory Information Systems, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
The document provides an overview of sensation and perception. It discusses topics like sensation, the sensory systems, perception, factors affecting perception, and abnormalities in perception. Sensation is defined as the detection of physical stimuli by the sense organs, while perception is the process of organizing sensations into meaningful representations. The key sensory systems - visual, auditory, chemical, and somatosensory - are described in detail. Concepts like absolute thresholds, sensory adaptation, coding, and localization are explained. Factors influencing perception such as attention, gestalt principles, and ambiguous stimuli are also covered.
Developing data services: a tale from two Oregon universitiesAmanda Whitmire
While the generation or collection of large, complex research datasets is becoming easier and less expensive all the time, researchers often lack the knowledge and skills that are necessary to properly manage them. Having these skills is paramount in ensuring data quality, integrity, discoverability, integration, reproducibility, and reuse over time. Librarians have been preserving, managing and disseminating information for thousands of years. As scholarly research is increasingly carried out digitally, and products of research have expanded from primarily text-based manuscripts to include datasets, metadata, maps, software code etc., it is a natural expansion of scope for libraries to be involved in the stewardship of these materials as well. This kind of evolution requires that libraries bring in faculty with new skills and collaborate more intimately with researchers during the research data lifecycle, and this is exactly what is happening in academic libraries across the country. In this webinar, two researchers-turned-data-specialists, both based in academic libraries, will share their experiences and perspectives on the development of research data services at their respective institutions. Each will share their perspective on the important role that libraries can play in helping researchers manage, preserve, and share their data.
Presented at International Workshop on
Frontiers of Neuroengineering,
Brain-machine Interfaces
& Neural Prostheses
Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
March 29, 2011
The document discusses limitations in neuroimaging compilation and analysis for studying neural correlates of consciousness. It proposes compiling activation likelihood estimations from numerous neuroimaging experiments involving senses of ownership and agency to analyze combined neural activation patterns on 3D brain renderings. This may help reconcile limitations like indirect blood flow detection in fMRI and poor spatial/temporal resolution in PET scans. The hypothesis is that analyzing aggregated data this way could provide a more comprehensive understanding of neural correlates related to senses of ownership and agency.
This document discusses mind reading technology and its development. It begins with acknowledgements and then outlines the contents which include an introduction to mind reading, the technology used, instruments, developments, techniques for evaluation, advantages and uses, disadvantages and conclusions. It discusses how EEG, fNIRS and other tools are being used to decode brain activity and reconstruct images of what a person is viewing. While the technology offers advantages for applications like controlling wheelchairs with thought, it also raises issues regarding privacy and the risk of criminalizing innocent people. Further development is still needed to improve accuracy and address societal concerns before practical applications can be realized.
The Auburn University MRI Research Center houses advanced MRI systems including a 3 Tesla and 7 Tesla whole body scanner. The center conducts research in areas such as cardiovascular health, cognitive neuroscience, animal imaging, and technology development. Example projects described include cardiac MRI research funded by NIH, a study of PTSD biomarkers funded by the Army, and work to improve visualization of brain structures for surgical planning. The director is Dr. Thomas Denney in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering.
1) Neuromarketing uses brain scanning techniques like fMRI and EEG to study consumers' unconscious emotional responses to advertising in real-time, providing insights beyond traditional self-reported measures.
2) While fMRI provides detailed brain activity maps, its high costs, cumbersome equipment, and artificial lab conditions limit its usefulness for neuromarketing. EEG offers a more affordable and portable method for recording brain activity in natural settings.
3) Combining EEG data with other research methods has the potential to enhance advertising effectiveness by gaining a deeper understanding of how consumers think, feel, and make decisions below the level of conscious awareness. However, inexperienced practitioners risk drawing false conclusions.
This document describes an experiment that used near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to noninvasively measure the optical properties of a songbird's brain. Researchers placed optical fibers on the head of anesthetized zebra finches to transmit laser light and collect the light after it passed through the brain tissue. They were able to measure the absorption and scattering coefficients of the caudal nidopallium region of the brain in vivo. This technique could help monitor brain activity and oxygenation levels in songbirds.
Optogenetics is a technique that uses light to control neurons that have been genetically modified to express light-sensitive ion channels. It allows scientists to precisely stimulate or silence neural activity by exposing specific neurons to light. The first demonstration of optogenetics in mammalian neurons used channelrhodopsin, a light-activated ion channel from algae, to activate neurons with light. Optogenetics holds promise for advancing understanding of brain function and developing new treatments for neurological disorders like Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, and blindness through targeted neuromodulation with light. Challenges include improving light-sensitive tools and light sources to target deeper brain regions.
The document describes a study that used deep learning algorithms to classify workload levels based on electroencephalography (EEG) data. Five deep learning models - artificial neural networks, support vector machines, radial basis function, linear discriminant analysis, and stacked autoencoders - were trained on EEG features extracted from subjects performing high, medium, and low workload tasks. The trained models achieved accurate classification of workload levels based on new EEG data, demonstrating the potential of using deep learning with EEG for workload monitoring.
Combining Optical Brain Imaging and Physiological Signals to Study Cognitive ...InsideScientific
In this exclusive webinar sponsored by BIOPAC Systems and fNIR Devices, Dr. Hasan Ayaz, Dr. Kurtulus Izzetoglu and Frazer Findlay present new research capabilities enabled through the integration of optical brain imaging technology and physiological recording systems.
Key topics covered during this webinar include physiological and physical principles of optical brain imaging, theory of operation, hardware and software integration, essential fNIR signal processing (demonstrated using fnirSoft analysis software), common field applications of fNIR imaging, why and how researchers can measure physiological data such as EDA, HR and ECG and acquistion procedures for co-registration of fNIR data and physiological monitoring signals using AcqKnowledge data acquisition and analysis software.
(I’ll GO OVER STEP BY STEP IN CLASS TOMORROW)Part OneP.docxgertrudebellgrove
(I’ll GO OVER STEP BY STEP IN CLASS TOMORROW)
Part One
Portfolio Critique Using Morningstar.com
Morningstar, Inc. is a leading provider of independent investment research in the United States and in major international markets and offers an extensive line of Internet, software, and print-based products for individual investors, financial advisors, and institutional clients. Morningstar is a trusted source for insightful information on stocks, mutual funds, variable annuities, closed-end funds, exchange-traded funds, separate accounts, hedge funds, and 529 college savings plans.
1. Go to www.morningstar.com. Sign up for Premium Membership. You will be able to receive a 14-day free trial. Browse the site to become familiar with everything Morningstar has to offer. Be prepared to participate in classroom discussion and bring your questions if you have any.
2. Go to X-Ray and print the page. Write a portfolio critique.
Part Two
Use the daily data on the portfolio returns and the market returns (e.g., the S&P 500 index) to estimate a single-index market model. Your analysis should include
(Morningstar automatically will calculate)
1. Standard deviation for each portfolio.
1. Covariance between the rates of return of portfolio and S&P500.
1. The correlation coefficient between each portfolio and S&P500.
1. Run a regression of each portfolio against the market return and find:\
(In fact Morningstar will automatically calculate)
0. Alpha for each portfolio.
0. Beta for each portfolio.
0. What is the systematic and nonsystematic risk of the each security?
0. Sharpe Ratio of portfolios
1. Plot the risk and return of each portfolio and draw the efficient frontiers.
1. Identify which portfolio dominates on the efficient frontier.
1. For which portfolio had an average return in excess of that predicated by the CAPM?
Essay Portion Study Guide
Psych 120, Spring 2019
1. What are aphantasia (and hyperphantasia), and why are they interesting to conceptualization researchers? What sort of information have we already discovered through studying aphantasia? Discuss TWO experiments we covered in class that could be re-examined in an aphantasic population, and why they would contribute to a greater understanding of cognition.
2. How do we recognize and categorize objects? Trace the processes involved with object recognition and categorization, discussing all possibilities covered for how we can do this. Lastly, provide TWO pieces of evidence in support of those various possibilities.
3. What is the dual visual system theory and what does it have to do with consciousness and cognition? Provide TWO pieces of evidence (neurological or behavioral) supporting the dual visual system theory. Next, discuss how those same TWO pieces of evidence might actually not support the dual visual system theory.
4. How do video games impact cognition? Are all video games equal in their benefits or detriments to various cognitive activities? Provide TWO pieces of evi ...
This document discusses data management and curation in bioinformatics. It describes Susanna-Assunta Sansone as the principal investigator and team leader at the University of Oxford e-Research Centre, where her team works on data management, biocuration, software development, databases, and community standards and ontologies for various domains including toxicology, health, and agriculture. The document promotes the importance of data standards to enable data sharing and reproducibility in bioscience research.
Measuring visual acuity and contrast sensitivity by optomotor reflex in rodentsInsideScientific
There is a growing need for behavioral readouts to monitor disease progression and to assess the success of a potential therapy. In vision research, observing the optomotor reflex (OMR) is an important and widely established method for assessing visual acuity and contrast sensitivity in rodents. These tests can be performed with freely moving animals without any need for anaesthesia or restraints. In addition, since OMR is a reflex-based behavior, observing it does not require any training of the animal.
In this webinar, sponsored by Striatech and supported in part by Stoelting, researchers will present objective and bias-free results obtained using a newly developed automated optomotor system. For more information, please visit: https://insidescientific.com/webinar/measuring-visual-acuity-contrast-sensitivity-optomotor-reflex-striatech
The document discusses using electrodermal activity (EDA) sensors to measure sympathetic nervous system responses as a way to detect stress, arousal, and other internal states in non-speaking individuals. EDA sensors measure sweat gland activity and can indicate arousal levels, with higher EDA associated with increased sympathetic nervous system activation. The document provides examples of using EDA sensors to detect seizures, measure sleep quality, and investigate memory consolidation. EDA measured from the left and right wrists separately may provide insights into responses linked to the left and right amygdala.
A history of optogenetics the development of tools for controlling brain circ...merzak emerzak
Optogenetics allows specific control of neural activity with light by expressing light-sensitive microbial opsins in neurons. The development of optogenetics involved adapting opsins like channelrhodopsin and halorhodopsin that transport ions in response to light. Channelrhodopsin was identified as enabling fast activation of neurons with light, and was expressed in neurons to control their activity, demonstrating the potential of optogenetics to causally study neural circuits.
Studying Epilepsy in Awake Head-Fixed Mice Using Microscopy, Electrophysiolog...InsideScientific
Epilepsy research employs sophisticated research methods such as fluorescence optical imaging and optogenetics, as well as novel electrophysiological techniques, to address unresolved questions about seizure generation and propagation on the cellular and circuitry levels. Since epilepsy research is most relevant when performed in non-anesthetized mice, it requires specialized tools that ensure stable head fixation during high-precision imaging and recordings.
In this webinar, Dr. Anthony Umpierre (Prof. LongJun Wu group, Mayo Clinic, USA) and Prof. Rob Wykes (UCL, UK) present their research on microglial calcium signaling and epileptic networks carried out in awake head-fixed mice. In addition to sharing exciting new findings, the presenters address the challenges of working with awake mice.
Key topics will include…
- Mesoscopic investigations of seizure dynamics and propagation using widefield calcium imaging
- Generating full-bandwidth electrophysiological recordings enabled by graphene micro-transistors to detect spreading depolarizations and seizures
- On-demand optogenetic induction of spreading depolarizations to investigate pharmacological suppression in the awake brain
- The impact of acute versus chronic window preparations on microglial calcium activity
- The use of genetically encoded calcium indicators to study calcium dynamics in microglia
- The effects of bi-directional shifts in neuronal activity caused by kainate-triggered status epilepticus and isoflurane anesthesia on microglial calcium
Using off-the-shelf ultrasound imagers, and transition to portable system-on-chip ultrasound imagers such as Butterfly IQ.
Embedded devices such as Butterfly IQ can be further improved by integrating deep learning / artificial intelligence at device level, and naturally at the post-processing and analysis levels
Alternative download link:
https://www.dropbox.com/s/rlwv7m29mh6y2w6/pupillometry_throughTheEyelids.pdf?dl=0
Presentation Title: Grand Challenges and Big Data: Implications for Public Participation in Scientific Research
Presenter: William Michener, Professor and PI/Director of DataONE, University Libraries, University of New Mexico
This document discusses using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIR) neuroimaging to study learning in natural environments. It proposes establishing a neuroimaging facility at Drexel University that would use portable fNIR to non-invasively monitor brain activity during learning, problem-solving, training and other cognitive tasks. This could provide insights into the learning process and help optimize educational approaches. The facility would bring together experts from different fields and allow collaborative research on applications of fNIR including training, cognitive workload assessment, brain-computer interfaces and clinical areas.
This document outlines a study protocol for a thesis examining the role of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in diagnosing Parkinson's disease and similar disorders. The candidate proposes using DTI to evaluate patients with Parkinson's disease or Parkinson-plus syndromes and compare results to controls. Supervisors and the university ethics board will oversee the study. Facilities exist at the university to conduct DTI scans and analyze the data. The candidate will obtain informed consent and ensure no harm comes to subjects.
The document discusses adaptive combinatorial multimodal sensing physics and methods. It describes the vision to accelerate discovery of novel solid-state materials and device physics for next-generation adaptive and intelligent sensing. This would enable game-changing adaptive and autonomous intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance. The document outlines opportunities in real-time adaptive sensing, including challenges in heterogeneous nanostructure design, photon-microstructure interactions, novel mixed-mode detectors, and optical-electric cooling and memory. Several emerging research areas and accidental discoveries are highlighted, such as diamond nanowires, multi-phase III-V nanocrystals, embedded ordered metal nanostructures, and lead chalcogenide nanorod liquid crystals. The summary provides a high-level
2pg Biomedical Eng Resume - Trevor DavisTrevor Davis
Trevor Davis is a biomedical engineer and data scientist with a M.S. in Biomedical Engineering from UCLA. His research and work experience have given him skills in signal processing, machine learning, data science, and medical imaging. He has led multiple research projects involving computational modeling, medical devices, and neuroengineering. Davis is proficient in programming languages, software, and lab techniques relevant to engineering and data analysis.
Perennial success with VIVO: sustained engagement with stakeholders and the c...Paul Albert
1. The document discusses strategies for maintaining sustained engagement with stakeholders using the VIVO system.
2. It recommends aggressively pursuing the most important data sources, striving for automated ingest from authoritative third party sources, and limiting manual entry.
3. The document also stresses using VIVO data to create useful outputs that meet the needs of researchers, administrators, and research groups.
Dr. John D. Schmisseur presents an overview of his program, Aerothermodynamics & Turbulence, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
Dr. Chiping Li presents an overview of his program, Energy Conversion and Combustion Sciences, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
More Related Content
Similar to Larkin - Sensory Information Systems - Spring Review 2012
1) Neuromarketing uses brain scanning techniques like fMRI and EEG to study consumers' unconscious emotional responses to advertising in real-time, providing insights beyond traditional self-reported measures.
2) While fMRI provides detailed brain activity maps, its high costs, cumbersome equipment, and artificial lab conditions limit its usefulness for neuromarketing. EEG offers a more affordable and portable method for recording brain activity in natural settings.
3) Combining EEG data with other research methods has the potential to enhance advertising effectiveness by gaining a deeper understanding of how consumers think, feel, and make decisions below the level of conscious awareness. However, inexperienced practitioners risk drawing false conclusions.
This document describes an experiment that used near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to noninvasively measure the optical properties of a songbird's brain. Researchers placed optical fibers on the head of anesthetized zebra finches to transmit laser light and collect the light after it passed through the brain tissue. They were able to measure the absorption and scattering coefficients of the caudal nidopallium region of the brain in vivo. This technique could help monitor brain activity and oxygenation levels in songbirds.
Optogenetics is a technique that uses light to control neurons that have been genetically modified to express light-sensitive ion channels. It allows scientists to precisely stimulate or silence neural activity by exposing specific neurons to light. The first demonstration of optogenetics in mammalian neurons used channelrhodopsin, a light-activated ion channel from algae, to activate neurons with light. Optogenetics holds promise for advancing understanding of brain function and developing new treatments for neurological disorders like Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, and blindness through targeted neuromodulation with light. Challenges include improving light-sensitive tools and light sources to target deeper brain regions.
The document describes a study that used deep learning algorithms to classify workload levels based on electroencephalography (EEG) data. Five deep learning models - artificial neural networks, support vector machines, radial basis function, linear discriminant analysis, and stacked autoencoders - were trained on EEG features extracted from subjects performing high, medium, and low workload tasks. The trained models achieved accurate classification of workload levels based on new EEG data, demonstrating the potential of using deep learning with EEG for workload monitoring.
Combining Optical Brain Imaging and Physiological Signals to Study Cognitive ...InsideScientific
In this exclusive webinar sponsored by BIOPAC Systems and fNIR Devices, Dr. Hasan Ayaz, Dr. Kurtulus Izzetoglu and Frazer Findlay present new research capabilities enabled through the integration of optical brain imaging technology and physiological recording systems.
Key topics covered during this webinar include physiological and physical principles of optical brain imaging, theory of operation, hardware and software integration, essential fNIR signal processing (demonstrated using fnirSoft analysis software), common field applications of fNIR imaging, why and how researchers can measure physiological data such as EDA, HR and ECG and acquistion procedures for co-registration of fNIR data and physiological monitoring signals using AcqKnowledge data acquisition and analysis software.
(I’ll GO OVER STEP BY STEP IN CLASS TOMORROW)Part OneP.docxgertrudebellgrove
(I’ll GO OVER STEP BY STEP IN CLASS TOMORROW)
Part One
Portfolio Critique Using Morningstar.com
Morningstar, Inc. is a leading provider of independent investment research in the United States and in major international markets and offers an extensive line of Internet, software, and print-based products for individual investors, financial advisors, and institutional clients. Morningstar is a trusted source for insightful information on stocks, mutual funds, variable annuities, closed-end funds, exchange-traded funds, separate accounts, hedge funds, and 529 college savings plans.
1. Go to www.morningstar.com. Sign up for Premium Membership. You will be able to receive a 14-day free trial. Browse the site to become familiar with everything Morningstar has to offer. Be prepared to participate in classroom discussion and bring your questions if you have any.
2. Go to X-Ray and print the page. Write a portfolio critique.
Part Two
Use the daily data on the portfolio returns and the market returns (e.g., the S&P 500 index) to estimate a single-index market model. Your analysis should include
(Morningstar automatically will calculate)
1. Standard deviation for each portfolio.
1. Covariance between the rates of return of portfolio and S&P500.
1. The correlation coefficient between each portfolio and S&P500.
1. Run a regression of each portfolio against the market return and find:\
(In fact Morningstar will automatically calculate)
0. Alpha for each portfolio.
0. Beta for each portfolio.
0. What is the systematic and nonsystematic risk of the each security?
0. Sharpe Ratio of portfolios
1. Plot the risk and return of each portfolio and draw the efficient frontiers.
1. Identify which portfolio dominates on the efficient frontier.
1. For which portfolio had an average return in excess of that predicated by the CAPM?
Essay Portion Study Guide
Psych 120, Spring 2019
1. What are aphantasia (and hyperphantasia), and why are they interesting to conceptualization researchers? What sort of information have we already discovered through studying aphantasia? Discuss TWO experiments we covered in class that could be re-examined in an aphantasic population, and why they would contribute to a greater understanding of cognition.
2. How do we recognize and categorize objects? Trace the processes involved with object recognition and categorization, discussing all possibilities covered for how we can do this. Lastly, provide TWO pieces of evidence in support of those various possibilities.
3. What is the dual visual system theory and what does it have to do with consciousness and cognition? Provide TWO pieces of evidence (neurological or behavioral) supporting the dual visual system theory. Next, discuss how those same TWO pieces of evidence might actually not support the dual visual system theory.
4. How do video games impact cognition? Are all video games equal in their benefits or detriments to various cognitive activities? Provide TWO pieces of evi ...
This document discusses data management and curation in bioinformatics. It describes Susanna-Assunta Sansone as the principal investigator and team leader at the University of Oxford e-Research Centre, where her team works on data management, biocuration, software development, databases, and community standards and ontologies for various domains including toxicology, health, and agriculture. The document promotes the importance of data standards to enable data sharing and reproducibility in bioscience research.
Measuring visual acuity and contrast sensitivity by optomotor reflex in rodentsInsideScientific
There is a growing need for behavioral readouts to monitor disease progression and to assess the success of a potential therapy. In vision research, observing the optomotor reflex (OMR) is an important and widely established method for assessing visual acuity and contrast sensitivity in rodents. These tests can be performed with freely moving animals without any need for anaesthesia or restraints. In addition, since OMR is a reflex-based behavior, observing it does not require any training of the animal.
In this webinar, sponsored by Striatech and supported in part by Stoelting, researchers will present objective and bias-free results obtained using a newly developed automated optomotor system. For more information, please visit: https://insidescientific.com/webinar/measuring-visual-acuity-contrast-sensitivity-optomotor-reflex-striatech
The document discusses using electrodermal activity (EDA) sensors to measure sympathetic nervous system responses as a way to detect stress, arousal, and other internal states in non-speaking individuals. EDA sensors measure sweat gland activity and can indicate arousal levels, with higher EDA associated with increased sympathetic nervous system activation. The document provides examples of using EDA sensors to detect seizures, measure sleep quality, and investigate memory consolidation. EDA measured from the left and right wrists separately may provide insights into responses linked to the left and right amygdala.
A history of optogenetics the development of tools for controlling brain circ...merzak emerzak
Optogenetics allows specific control of neural activity with light by expressing light-sensitive microbial opsins in neurons. The development of optogenetics involved adapting opsins like channelrhodopsin and halorhodopsin that transport ions in response to light. Channelrhodopsin was identified as enabling fast activation of neurons with light, and was expressed in neurons to control their activity, demonstrating the potential of optogenetics to causally study neural circuits.
Studying Epilepsy in Awake Head-Fixed Mice Using Microscopy, Electrophysiolog...InsideScientific
Epilepsy research employs sophisticated research methods such as fluorescence optical imaging and optogenetics, as well as novel electrophysiological techniques, to address unresolved questions about seizure generation and propagation on the cellular and circuitry levels. Since epilepsy research is most relevant when performed in non-anesthetized mice, it requires specialized tools that ensure stable head fixation during high-precision imaging and recordings.
In this webinar, Dr. Anthony Umpierre (Prof. LongJun Wu group, Mayo Clinic, USA) and Prof. Rob Wykes (UCL, UK) present their research on microglial calcium signaling and epileptic networks carried out in awake head-fixed mice. In addition to sharing exciting new findings, the presenters address the challenges of working with awake mice.
Key topics will include…
- Mesoscopic investigations of seizure dynamics and propagation using widefield calcium imaging
- Generating full-bandwidth electrophysiological recordings enabled by graphene micro-transistors to detect spreading depolarizations and seizures
- On-demand optogenetic induction of spreading depolarizations to investigate pharmacological suppression in the awake brain
- The impact of acute versus chronic window preparations on microglial calcium activity
- The use of genetically encoded calcium indicators to study calcium dynamics in microglia
- The effects of bi-directional shifts in neuronal activity caused by kainate-triggered status epilepticus and isoflurane anesthesia on microglial calcium
Using off-the-shelf ultrasound imagers, and transition to portable system-on-chip ultrasound imagers such as Butterfly IQ.
Embedded devices such as Butterfly IQ can be further improved by integrating deep learning / artificial intelligence at device level, and naturally at the post-processing and analysis levels
Alternative download link:
https://www.dropbox.com/s/rlwv7m29mh6y2w6/pupillometry_throughTheEyelids.pdf?dl=0
Presentation Title: Grand Challenges and Big Data: Implications for Public Participation in Scientific Research
Presenter: William Michener, Professor and PI/Director of DataONE, University Libraries, University of New Mexico
This document discusses using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIR) neuroimaging to study learning in natural environments. It proposes establishing a neuroimaging facility at Drexel University that would use portable fNIR to non-invasively monitor brain activity during learning, problem-solving, training and other cognitive tasks. This could provide insights into the learning process and help optimize educational approaches. The facility would bring together experts from different fields and allow collaborative research on applications of fNIR including training, cognitive workload assessment, brain-computer interfaces and clinical areas.
This document outlines a study protocol for a thesis examining the role of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in diagnosing Parkinson's disease and similar disorders. The candidate proposes using DTI to evaluate patients with Parkinson's disease or Parkinson-plus syndromes and compare results to controls. Supervisors and the university ethics board will oversee the study. Facilities exist at the university to conduct DTI scans and analyze the data. The candidate will obtain informed consent and ensure no harm comes to subjects.
The document discusses adaptive combinatorial multimodal sensing physics and methods. It describes the vision to accelerate discovery of novel solid-state materials and device physics for next-generation adaptive and intelligent sensing. This would enable game-changing adaptive and autonomous intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance. The document outlines opportunities in real-time adaptive sensing, including challenges in heterogeneous nanostructure design, photon-microstructure interactions, novel mixed-mode detectors, and optical-electric cooling and memory. Several emerging research areas and accidental discoveries are highlighted, such as diamond nanowires, multi-phase III-V nanocrystals, embedded ordered metal nanostructures, and lead chalcogenide nanorod liquid crystals. The summary provides a high-level
2pg Biomedical Eng Resume - Trevor DavisTrevor Davis
Trevor Davis is a biomedical engineer and data scientist with a M.S. in Biomedical Engineering from UCLA. His research and work experience have given him skills in signal processing, machine learning, data science, and medical imaging. He has led multiple research projects involving computational modeling, medical devices, and neuroengineering. Davis is proficient in programming languages, software, and lab techniques relevant to engineering and data analysis.
Perennial success with VIVO: sustained engagement with stakeholders and the c...Paul Albert
1. The document discusses strategies for maintaining sustained engagement with stakeholders using the VIVO system.
2. It recommends aggressively pursuing the most important data sources, striving for automated ingest from authoritative third party sources, and limiting manual entry.
3. The document also stresses using VIVO data to create useful outputs that meet the needs of researchers, administrators, and research groups.
Similar to Larkin - Sensory Information Systems - Spring Review 2012 (20)
Dr. John D. Schmisseur presents an overview of his program, Aerothermodynamics & Turbulence, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
Dr. Chiping Li presents an overview of his program, Energy Conversion and Combustion Sciences, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
Dr. Mitat A. Birkan presents an overview of his program, Space Propulsion and Power, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
Dr. Michael Berman presents an overview of his program, Molecular Dynamics & Theoretical Chemistry, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
Dr. Patrick Bradshaw presents an overview of his program, Human Performance and Biosystems, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
Dr. John D. Schmisseur presents an overview of his program, Energy, Power and Propulsion Sciences, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
Dr. Hugh C. DeLong presents an overview of his program, Natural Materials and Systems, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
Dr. Joycelyn S. Harrison presents an overview of her program, Low Density Materials, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
Dr. Charles Lee presents an overview of his program, Organic Materials Chemistry, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
This document outlines research being conducted on aerospace materials for extreme environments. It discusses several projects focused on predictive materials science, materials far from equilibrium, and surface catalysis testing. Specific research includes modeling of bulk metallic glasses, carbides, and textile composites; experiments on micro-architectured surfaces and plasma erosion; and testing surface catalysis in materials using laser-induced fluorescence in an inductively coupled plasma torch facility. The goal is to provide fundamental knowledge to enable advances in Air Force technologies through new materials that can withstand extreme conditions.
Dr. Harold Weinstock presents an overview of his program, Quantum Electronic Solids, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
This document provides an overview of Jim Hwang's Adaptive Multimode Sensing portfolio at AFOSR. The portfolio focuses on three main areas: 1) adaptive multimode sensing with an emphasis on tunable detectors that can detect properties like polarization and phase in addition to intensity and color, 2) novel infrared sensors using quantum dots, nanowires, and other novel materials and structures with the main challenge being dark current, and 3) solar cells, thermoelectric coolers, and other areas that will be deemphasized to focus the reducing budget. Several research projects within these areas are briefly described that aim to shorten the time from sensing to action and avoid being overwhelmed by data.
Dr. Jim Hwang presents an overview of his program, GHz-THz Electronics, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
Dr. Gernot S. Pomrenke presents an overview of his program, Photonics and Optoelectronics, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
Dr. B.L. "Les" Lee presents an overview of his program, Mechanics of Multifunctional Materials and Microsystems, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
Dr. Hugh C. DeLong presents an overview of his program, Complex Materials and Devices, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
Dr. Jay Myung presents an overview of his program, Computational Cognition and Robust Decision Making, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
Dr. Frederica Darema presents an overview of his program, Dynamic Data Driven Applications Systems (DDDAS), at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
Dr. Tristan Nguyen presents an overview of his program, Sensing, Surveillance and Navigation, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
Dr. Tristen Nguyen, presents an overview of his program, Science of Information, Computation and Fusion, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
More from The Air Force Office of Scientific Research (20)
Cosa hanno in comune un mattoncino Lego e la backdoor XZ?Speck&Tech
ABSTRACT: A prima vista, un mattoncino Lego e la backdoor XZ potrebbero avere in comune il fatto di essere entrambi blocchi di costruzione, o dipendenze di progetti creativi e software. La realtà è che un mattoncino Lego e il caso della backdoor XZ hanno molto di più di tutto ciò in comune.
Partecipate alla presentazione per immergervi in una storia di interoperabilità, standard e formati aperti, per poi discutere del ruolo importante che i contributori hanno in una comunità open source sostenibile.
BIO: Sostenitrice del software libero e dei formati standard e aperti. È stata un membro attivo dei progetti Fedora e openSUSE e ha co-fondato l'Associazione LibreItalia dove è stata coinvolta in diversi eventi, migrazioni e formazione relativi a LibreOffice. In precedenza ha lavorato a migrazioni e corsi di formazione su LibreOffice per diverse amministrazioni pubbliche e privati. Da gennaio 2020 lavora in SUSE come Software Release Engineer per Uyuni e SUSE Manager e quando non segue la sua passione per i computer e per Geeko coltiva la sua curiosità per l'astronomia (da cui deriva il suo nickname deneb_alpha).
Your One-Stop Shop for Python Success: Top 10 US Python Development Providersakankshawande
Simplify your search for a reliable Python development partner! This list presents the top 10 trusted US providers offering comprehensive Python development services, ensuring your project's success from conception to completion.
Ivanti’s Patch Tuesday breakdown goes beyond patching your applications and brings you the intelligence and guidance needed to prioritize where to focus your attention first. Catch early analysis on our Ivanti blog, then join industry expert Chris Goettl for the Patch Tuesday Webinar Event. There we’ll do a deep dive into each of the bulletins and give guidance on the risks associated with the newly-identified vulnerabilities.
Introduction of Cybersecurity with OSS at Code Europe 2024Hiroshi SHIBATA
I develop the Ruby programming language, RubyGems, and Bundler, which are package managers for Ruby. Today, I will introduce how to enhance the security of your application using open-source software (OSS) examples from Ruby and RubyGems.
The first topic is CVE (Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures). I have published CVEs many times. But what exactly is a CVE? I'll provide a basic understanding of CVEs and explain how to detect and handle vulnerabilities in OSS.
Next, let's discuss package managers. Package managers play a critical role in the OSS ecosystem. I'll explain how to manage library dependencies in your application.
I'll share insights into how the Ruby and RubyGems core team works to keep our ecosystem safe. By the end of this talk, you'll have a better understanding of how to safeguard your code.
Salesforce Integration for Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Solutions A...Jeffrey Haguewood
Sidekick Solutions uses Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Solutions Apricot) and automation solutions to integrate data for business workflows.
We believe integration and automation are essential to user experience and the promise of efficient work through technology. Automation is the critical ingredient to realizing that full vision. We develop integration products and services for Bonterra Case Management software to support the deployment of automations for a variety of use cases.
This video focuses on integration of Salesforce with Bonterra Impact Management.
Interested in deploying an integration with Salesforce for Bonterra Impact Management? Contact us at sales@sidekicksolutionsllc.com to discuss next steps.
HCL Notes and Domino License Cost Reduction in the World of DLAUpanagenda
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-and-domino-license-cost-reduction-in-the-world-of-dlau/
The introduction of DLAU and the CCB & CCX licensing model caused quite a stir in the HCL community. As a Notes and Domino customer, you may have faced challenges with unexpected user counts and license costs. You probably have questions on how this new licensing approach works and how to benefit from it. Most importantly, you likely have budget constraints and want to save money where possible. Don’t worry, we can help with all of this!
We’ll show you how to fix common misconfigurations that cause higher-than-expected user counts, and how to identify accounts which you can deactivate to save money. There are also frequent patterns that can cause unnecessary cost, like using a person document instead of a mail-in for shared mailboxes. We’ll provide examples and solutions for those as well. And naturally we’ll explain the new licensing model.
Join HCL Ambassador Marc Thomas in this webinar with a special guest appearance from Franz Walder. It will give you the tools and know-how to stay on top of what is going on with Domino licensing. You will be able lower your cost through an optimized configuration and keep it low going forward.
These topics will be covered
- Reducing license cost by finding and fixing misconfigurations and superfluous accounts
- How do CCB and CCX licenses really work?
- Understanding the DLAU tool and how to best utilize it
- Tips for common problem areas, like team mailboxes, functional/test users, etc
- Practical examples and best practices to implement right away
AI 101: An Introduction to the Basics and Impact of Artificial IntelligenceIndexBug
Imagine a world where machines not only perform tasks but also learn, adapt, and make decisions. This is the promise of Artificial Intelligence (AI), a technology that's not just enhancing our lives but revolutionizing entire industries.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 6DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 6. In this session, we will cover Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI.
UiPath Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI webinar offers an in-depth exploration of leveraging cutting-edge technologies for test automation within the UiPath platform. Attendees will delve into the integration of generative AI, a test automation solution, with Open AI advanced natural language processing capabilities.
Throughout the session, participants will discover how this synergy empowers testers to automate repetitive tasks, enhance testing accuracy, and expedite the software testing life cycle. Topics covered include the seamless integration process, practical use cases, and the benefits of harnessing AI-driven automation for UiPath testing initiatives. By attending this webinar, testers, and automation professionals can gain valuable insights into harnessing the power of AI to optimize their test automation workflows within the UiPath ecosystem, ultimately driving efficiency and quality in software development processes.
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into integrating generative AI.
2. Understanding how this integration enhances test automation within the UiPath platform
3. Practical demonstrations
4. Exploration of real-world use cases illustrating the benefits of AI-driven test automation for UiPath
Topics covered:
What is generative AI
Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI.
UiPath integration with generative AI
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
GraphRAG for Life Science to increase LLM accuracyTomaz Bratanic
GraphRAG for life science domain, where you retriever information from biomedical knowledge graphs using LLMs to increase the accuracy and performance of generated answers
Digital Marketing Trends in 2024 | Guide for Staying AheadWask
https://www.wask.co/ebooks/digital-marketing-trends-in-2024
Feeling lost in the digital marketing whirlwind of 2024? Technology is changing, consumer habits are evolving, and staying ahead of the curve feels like a never-ending pursuit. This e-book is your compass. Dive into actionable insights to handle the complexities of modern marketing. From hyper-personalization to the power of user-generated content, learn how to build long-term relationships with your audience and unlock the secrets to success in the ever-shifting digital landscape.
For the full video of this presentation, please visit: https://www.edge-ai-vision.com/2024/06/building-and-scaling-ai-applications-with-the-nx-ai-manager-a-presentation-from-network-optix/
Robin van Emden, Senior Director of Data Science at Network Optix, presents the “Building and Scaling AI Applications with the Nx AI Manager,” tutorial at the May 2024 Embedded Vision Summit.
In this presentation, van Emden covers the basics of scaling edge AI solutions using the Nx tool kit. He emphasizes the process of developing AI models and deploying them globally. He also showcases the conversion of AI models and the creation of effective edge AI pipelines, with a focus on pre-processing, model conversion, selecting the appropriate inference engine for the target hardware and post-processing.
van Emden shows how Nx can simplify the developer’s life and facilitate a rapid transition from concept to production-ready applications.He provides valuable insights into developing scalable and efficient edge AI solutions, with a strong focus on practical implementation.
Main news related to the CCS TSI 2023 (2023/1695)Jakub Marek
An English 🇬🇧 translation of a presentation to the speech I gave about the main changes brought by CCS TSI 2023 at the biggest Czech conference on Communications and signalling systems on Railways, which was held in Clarion Hotel Olomouc from 7th to 9th November 2023 (konferenceszt.cz). Attended by around 500 participants and 200 on-line followers.
The original Czech 🇨🇿 version of the presentation can be found here: https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/hlavni-novinky-souvisejici-s-ccs-tsi-2023-2023-1695/269688092 .
The videorecording (in Czech) from the presentation is available here: https://youtu.be/WzjJWm4IyPk?si=SImb06tuXGb30BEH .
Ocean lotus Threat actors project by John Sitima 2024 (1).pptxSitimaJohn
Ocean Lotus cyber threat actors represent a sophisticated, persistent, and politically motivated group that poses a significant risk to organizations and individuals in the Southeast Asian region. Their continuous evolution and adaptability underscore the need for robust cybersecurity measures and international cooperation to identify and mitigate the threats posed by such advanced persistent threat groups.
Ocean lotus Threat actors project by John Sitima 2024 (1).pptx
Larkin - Sensory Information Systems - Spring Review 2012
1. Sensory
Information
Systems Program
6 March 2012
Willard Larkin
Program Manager
AFOSR/RSL
Integrity Service Excellence Air Force Research Laboratory
15 February 2012 DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
1
2. 2012 AFOSR SPRING REVIEW
PORTFOLIO OVERVIEW
Program manager: Willard Larkin
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF PORTFOLIO:
• Auditory modeling for acoustic analysis
• Biological polarization optics & vision
• Sensori-motor control of bio- flight & navigation
SUB-AREAS IN PORTFOLIO:
Sensory Information Systems (3003/L)
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
2
3. Program Trends and Strategy:
TOPIC AREA OVERVIEW
40%
Advanced Auditory Modeling:
Scientific Question: How does the auditory brain parse acoustic
landscapes, bind sensory inputs, adapt its filters, hear through noise and
distortion? Could autonomous listening devices emulate neurology to match or
exceed human auditory analysis, e.g., to detect and identify speech targets in
noise and reverberation?
12%
Polarization Vision & Optics:
Scientific Question: How do natural photoreceptors detect and how do
animal brains interpret polarization information? How is it used for nocturnal
navigation or recognition of obscured targets? Can these unique bio-optical
systems be emulated? AFOSR
47% BioNavigation
Research
Sensorimotor Control of Flight & Navigation: Initiative
Scientific Question: How does neural control make natural, low-Reynolds
No. flight autonomous, efficient, and robust? Discover principles of
multisensory fusion, distributed sensors and actuators. Develop control laws
for emulation in MAVs.
Strategy: Forge useful connections between math and biology
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
3
4. Grantees’ Self-Organized
Research Workshops (2011)
Neural Oscillations and Speech Perception.
24 May. Hosted by NYU.
Science & Applications for Bio-Inspired Navigation and Control.
23-25 May. Hosted by AFRL/RW.
Bio-Optics and Photoreception.
27-30 June. Hosted by U. Bristol. Convened
Funded by the Rank Prize Foundation
by grantees;
Encoding for Auditory Representations. No AFOSR
22-23 August. Hosted by U. Washington. workshop
funding
Informational Masking & Binaural Hearing.
17-19 Nov. Hosted by Boston U.
Brain Rhythms and Cortical Computation.
18 Nov. Hosted by NYU.
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
4
5. Sensory Information Systems Program
Primary Coordination
NSF ONR
B. Tuller T. McKenna
M.Steinberg
ARO AFRL/RI AFRL/RH AFRL/MN WRAMC
E. Schmeisser A. Noga D. Luginbuhl R. Wehling D. Brungart
N. Iyer
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
5
6. Sensory Information Systems
Program -- People
Dr. Jennifer Talley, 2012 Dr. Eric Thompson,
Biology Judith A. Resnik Medal Acoustics
Dr. Pramod Varshney,
Dr. Talley (Ph.D. 2010) was Syracuse U. Dr. Thompson (Ph.D. 2009)
recruited from AFOSR- was recruited from
sponsored AFOSR-sponsored
project at Case Western U. projects at Boston Univ. to
to insect flight lab at psychoacoustics lab at
AFRL/Eglin AFRL/RH
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
6
7. RECENT HIGHLIGHTS
OPSIN MAP DR. KEY DISMUKES
AFOSR
Polarization Biology
Sub-program Keynote Speaker for
New Genomic
featured in AFRL – Wright State
Analysis reveals
J. Royal Society Internat. Symposium
maximum-likelihood
Special Issue on
phylogenetic model
Aviation Psychology
for
Photoreceptor Opsins
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
7
8. Recent Transitions
TO: Navy: Bio-inspired method to classify acoustic sources, e.g., vehicles,
humans, marine animals etc., using cortical auditory model. Dr. Sam Pascarelle,
Advanced Acoustic Concepts, Inc.
TO: AFRL-- Eglin: Measurements and data on biological wide-field-of-view
optical systems to enable 6.2 and 6.3 efforts in vision-based guidance and
navigation. D. Stavenga, U. Groningen, N. Strausfeld, U. Arizona, M. Wehling, et al.
TO: Bloedel Hearing Institute: New, patented method to improve
auditory coding in cochlear implants. Developed by Dr. Les Atlas, U. Wash. Dr. Jay
Rebenstein will develop commercial applications.
TO: AFIT: Techniques in electrophysiology and neuroanatomy for
mechanical engineering projects to emulate flapping wing flight. Dr. Mark
Willis, Case Western U., Dr. Anthony Palazotto, AFIT
TO: DARPA: System for adaptive, autonomous control of robotic
movement, based upon hierarchical neural model of biological control.
Roger Quinn &. Roy Ritzmann, Case West. U.; G. Pratt, DARPA.
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
8
9. Autonomous Steering:
Transition to Army MAST
Quadrotor implements
autonomous 3D navigation using
wide field-of-view optic flow
Inspiration:
• Insect Compound Eye Research
Eglin AFB 6.1 (M. Wehling, et al.)
• Insect Visual Target Detection Modeling
Tanner Research (P. Shoemaker.)
U. Adelaide (D. O’Carroll)
• Insect Flight Behavior Modeling
U. MD. (J. S. Humbert)
Microautonomous Systems and Technology
http://www.avl.umd.edu/
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
9
10. Bio-Emulation Progress
From 6.1 at U. Queensland, U. Bristol, & UMBC
1. Discovery: 2. Optical Modeling:
Polarization photoreceptor imparts
-invariant 90o phase delay
“Nature’s Perfect Waveplate”
Key property:
Intrinsic birefringence of microvilli
elements, in balance with form
birefringence, yields wavelength-
invariant phase delay.
Honeycomb structure of
photoreceptor’s optical
retarder membrane
3. Emulation
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
10
11. Nano-Rod Deposition Recipe Emulates
Biological Achromatic Phase Retarder
Y
Deposition Angles Alternate
in Ta2O5 Nano-rod Layers
X
174 nm
Upright nanorods
Nano-rod array (red layers)
exhibits birefringence
S0 ,S3
S1 , S2 Tilted nanorods
(yellow layers)
All 4 Stokes
parameters remain
nearly constant in a
multi-layer structure
Yi-Jun Jen, Nature Comm. 21 June 2011
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
11
12. Auditory Modeling for Acoustic
Analysis – Extramural Grants
• L. Atlas (U. Washington):
New approach to modulation representation and filtering.
• E. Bleszynski (Monopole Research):
Math model of bone- & tissue-conducted sound Mathematical and
Psychoacoustic
• M. Elhilali (Johns Hopkins U.):
Research to
Cortical model for acoustic scene segregation
Understand & Emulate
• O. Ghitza (Boston U.): the Human Listener’s
Theory of speech parsing via brain rhythms Auditory Capabilities
• W. Hartmann (Mich. State U.): and to Enhance these
Sound localization Capabilities where
• G. Kidd (Boston U.): Possible.
Informational masking & speech segregation
• R. Kumaresan & P. Cariani (U. Rhode Is. & Harvard): 4 NEW TECHNICAL
Spectro-temporal codes for auditory signal representation ADVANCES
• D. Wang (Ohio State U.):
Computational auditory scene analysis
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
12
13. Pointillistic Speech Coding
G. Kidd, Boston Univ., 2011
A sparse, pointillistic rendition of
New Technique Isolates the word “SHOES,” overlaid on the
Informational & Energetic Masking conventional spectrogram
Background:
• What listeners can hear in real,
multisource acoustic environments is
more constrained by informational
masking, than by direct, energetic
interference of one sound by another.
• AFOSR seeks techniques to study
& suppress informational masking.
• Sparse pointillistic coding leaves
speech remarkably intelligible,
eliminates energy overlaps, isolates Each time/frequency slice of speech has been
effects of informational “cross-talk.”
replaced with a matching cosine fragment.
• Briefed to AFRL/RI in Dec. 2011. Red color scales the intensity.
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
13
14. Transaural Synthesis: A New Technical
Advance in Auditory Measurement
W. Hartmann, MSU.
NOISE SPECTRUM MEASUREMENTS
Scientific Challenge: IN EAR CANAL
How does binaural hearing
disclose the locus of sound CONVENTIONAL
METHOD
in real 3D environments?
Transaural Synthesis Method:
• Eliminates inter-aural crosstalk, compares
localization judgments with precisely known
acoustic parameters in the ear canals.
• Tests auditory theory by manipulating
Interaural phase and amplitude, comparing
real sounds with “virtual” sounds.
• Tests in real rooms & environments, SYNTHESIS
METHOD
with varied reverberation – no headphones.
• Self-compensates for probe-tube positions,
enables precise reproducability.
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
14
15. Acoustic Source Separation:
Recovering Multiple Speech Signals from a Single Channel
Why Phase Matters:
Research Challenge:
A B
Devise a factorization method to:
• Recover both magnitude and phase Original
Sources
for each speech component
superimposed in a single channel Mixed Sources
• Avoid trial-and-error basis selection. Separation via
New Complex
Factorization
Phase Recovered
SPEECH RECOVERY INDEX
40 % Conventional
Non-Negative
35 Factorization
Phase Ignored
30
25
20
Brian King New Complex Matrix Factorization method
U. Washington 15
Ph.D. Candidate 10 solves superposition and phase problems,
& ORIG. NMF CMF eliminates ad hoc basis selection,
RH Summer Student
5
& Improves speech recognition scores
0
King & Atlas, IEEE Trans on Audio, Speech andA: Approved for Processing (Nov. is unlimited.
DISTRIBUTION
Language public release; distribution 2011) 15
16. How do Human Listeners Sort
Overlapping Speech Information ?
Scientific Question: WORD IDENTIFICATION PERFORMANCE
When each ear receives a
distinct message, can the
auditory brain extract key
information from both?
Surprising Result:
Manipulation of word predictability in
dichotic listening strongly supports a
model of attention-switching, rejects
hypothesis of divided attention.
(Level of noise masking a keyword)
N. Iyer, B. Simpson, Principal Investigators, 711 th HPW/AFRL/RHCB Battlespace Acoustics
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
16
17. Coherent Modulation Analysis:
Dr. Les Atlas, University of Washington
Maximum of Estimated Modulator
Mathematical challenge: 800
Estimate and separate the linear
700
time-invariant and frequency-invariant
components of an acoustic source. 600
500 0.80mm
0.58mm
400
Approach:
300
0.94mm
Theory of Complex Modulation Filtering,
devised by Prof. Les Atlas (originally for 200 5 10 15 20 25
analysis of speech signals.)
Hole Number→Increasing Wear
Unexpected Application:
A simple, one-microphone set-up detects hole quality
while drilling in airframe composite material.
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
17
18. Sensori-motor Control of Natural
Flight and Navigation
Fundamental Question:
What underlying principles drive
biology’s design of actuation and
sensing architectures?
Motivating Observations
from Insect Research :
• Sensors are “noisy,” redundant, distributed
in non-orthogonal coordinates.
• Inputs fuse across modalities prior to
activating flight muscles.
• No conventional distinctions between
estimate/control or inner/outer loop
• Sensors differ radically in bandwidth &
temporal response, e.g., vision lags Insect Lab, Eglin AFB
mechanoreception. Dr. Jennifer Talley
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
18
19. Sensori-motor Control of Natural
Flight and Navigation
= AFOSR BIO-NAVIGATION FUNDING INITIATIVE
T. Daniel ( U. Washington): R. Olberg ( Union College):
Wing mechanosensor functions. Dragonfly flight to target capture
S. Sane ( Tata Institute):
J. Evers (AFRL/RW):
Insect multisensory integration
Natural 3D flight dynamics
P. Shoemaker (Tanner Res.):
M. Frye ( UCLA): Visual detection of small targets
Higher-order motion detection
S. Sterbing ( U. MD):
S. Humbert ( U. Maryland): Wing sensors in bat flight control
Modeling sensorimotor control
G. Taylor (Oxford):
H. Krapp ( Imp. College London): Raptor pursuit strategies in 3D
Neural basis of visual steering
E. Warrant (Lund U.):
P. Krishnaprasad ( U. MD): Nocturnal navigation
Modeling formation flight control
M. Wehling ( AFRL/RW):
S. Reppert ( U. Mass): Neural analysis of optic flow.
Clock-compensated navigation
M. Willis (Case Western):
R. Ritzmann (Case Western): Visual / olfactory target tracking
Adaptive locomotion control
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
19
20. International and 6.2
Coordination
U.K. AFRL-DSTL Working Group
U.S.
Biologically-Motivated Micro-Air-Vehicles
“STATE OF THE ART REVIEW”
G. Taylor Georgia Tech M. Willis
15-18 June, 2010
H. Krapp S. Humbert
Organizers: M. Wehling, AFRL. P. Biggins, Dstl
30 Participants from UK, US, Industry, Academia, & Gov.
Presentations:
https://livelink.ebs.afrl.af.mil/livelink/llisapi.dll?func=ll&objId=24091294
&objAction=browse&viewType=1
T. Daniel
J. Niven DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
20
21. Span of Natural Flier Research:
A Few Program Participants
Vertebrates Invertebrates
Hawks & Falcons
Megalopta genalis
(Nocturnal Bee) Bombus terrestris
Echolocating Bats
Dragonfly Hawkmoth
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
21
22. Antennae in Flight Control
Dr. Sanjay Sane, Tata Institute, Bangalore, India
1 Precise control of antennae position
is critical for aerial flight maneuvers
2 Control system is closed-loop,
with sensory latency of 15 msec.
3 Antennae integrate mechanosensory
Hawkmoth, Daphnis nerii & photoreceptor inputs
4 Antennae position
in flight is governed
by Bohm’s bristles
only at pedicel.
AOARD grant via T. Erstfeld DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
22
23. Wings are Sensory Receptors
- - - A New Research Effort
CORIOLIS
MECHANICAL REGIONS
INPUT
4-NEURON
COHERENCE
INPUT POWER
SPECTRUM
NEURON
RESPONSE
Wing Campaniform Neurons Respond to Mechanical Forces
Hawkmoth, Manduca sexta
Hypothesis:
Wings not only drive flight, but also detect inertial moments.
- - - strain receptors modulate wing shape and position.
T. Daniel (biology) and K. Morgensen (Aeronautics) U. Washington.
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
23
24. The Mode Sensing Hypothesis
for Biological Flight Control
Proposed by 3 AFOSR scientists:
H. Krapp G. Taylor
Theory: S. Humbert
IMPERIAL
Biological sensors and actuators compose MARYLAND COLLEGE
LONDON
OXFORD
a suite of “matched filters,” tuned to salient
patterns (“modes”) of self-motion – H.G. Krapp, G. K. Taylor, and J.S
organized to combine multiple inputs into Humbert (in press) “The Mode-
actuation signals encoded in modal coordinates. Sensing Hypothesis: Matching
Sensors, Actuators and Flight
Dynamics.”
Challenge from AFOSR:
• Test the theory in neurobiology and flight behavior
• Devise mathematical emulation suitable for MAVs
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
24
25. Each Visual System Cell is Tuned to a
Preferred Axis of Rotation
Calliphora vicina
Lobular Plate Tangential Cells
(Compound Eye System) 10 Vertical System Cells
3 HS
cells
10 VS
cells
• Sensory Integration begins by selectively
merging these inputs.
• The resulting “matched filters” for self-motion
are robust and innate.
H. Krapp, Imperial College, London
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
25
26. Other Motion Sensor Tuning Differs from
Compound Eye Tuning
Plots derived from single-unit recordings
during controlled rotational stimulation
Theory:
Neck motor neurons
(red) • Short-latency mechanosensors first
LPTCs (blue) detect body rotation, then feed forward
to induce compensatory head roll via
neck motor system …
Ocellar system
(polarization vision) • Long-latency visual system acts on
residual optic flow feedback from
incomplete mechanical compensation.
• Behavioral data fit preliminary model
for multimodal sensory integration.
Data from U. Cambridge, (M. Parsons)
& Imperial College, London (H. Krapp)
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
26
27. Wing Sensorimotor Activation
- - A New Program Initiative
Natural Fliers’ Wing Joints
( ) with potential to be controlled during flight
Insect Bird Bat
Bat wing has Intrinsic,
non-joint muscles
Plagiopatagiales Muscles
Research Questions:
• Discover joint coordination timing
• Determine functional redundancy
• Do joint muscles control force or position?
• Discover what the intrinsic muscles do.
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
27
28. Discovering Bat Wing Musculature
Dynamics during Flight
Intrinsic Muscles Active
only
During Wing Upstroke:
Large bat (1.2kg) in low speed flight has precise
control via wing skeletal muscles and wing
intramembranous (intrinsic) muscles
ResearchTechniques:
• Electromyography during flight
• Thermal videography for metabolic load) Time (s)
• Selective, reversible muscle paralysis
• 3D X-ray mapping of skeletal motion … A Discovery from AFOSR MURI
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
28
29. SUMMARY:
Transformational Impacts & Opportunities
Hearing protection:
• Massive improvements in high-noise attenuation.
Advanced auditory modeling:
• Mathematics for coherent modulation analysis
• Neural-Inspired analyses to parse acoustic scenes
Optical processing:
• Polarization vision and signaling adapted from biology
• Achromatic 1/4 wave optical retarders
• Emulating compound eye in new optical devices
Autonomous flight control:
• Adaptive airfoils based upon bio-sensory mechanisms
• Steering based upon neural autonomous systems
• Discover sensorimotor basis of formation flight
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
29
30. Questions?
Thank you for your attention.
Willard Larkin, Program Manager, AFOSR/NL
703-696-7793
Willard.Larkin@afosr.af.mil
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
30
31. Questions?
Thank you for your attention.
Willard Larkin, Program Manager, AFOSR/NL
703-696-7793
Willard.Larkin@afosr.af.mil
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
31
33. Robber Fly
No Ocelli
Halteres
No VS cells
5-18 HS cells
New Lab for Insect Vision
Spectral & Polarization
Electroretinography
AFRL/RWG PI: Martin Wehling
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
33
34. Dynamics of Bat Wing Musculature
S. Swartz, T. Roberts, Brown Univ., 2011
Large bat (1.2kg) in low speed flight maintains
precise control via wing skeletal muscles and wing
intramembranous muscles
Techniques:
Electromyography during flight
Thermal videography (to measure metabolic load)
Selective, reversible muscle paralysis
3D X-ray mapping of skeletal motion
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
34
35. Plagiopatagiales Muscles
Muscles active during upstroke:
1.5 gm EMG Telemetry
for in-flight muscle activity
Time (s)
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
35
36. 4000
3000
Frequency (Hz)
2000
1000
0
0.2 0.25 0.3 0.2 0.25 0.3
Time (s) Time (s)
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
36