5-(15 points) Suppose variables x-y denote people- Y(x-y) denotes - x.docx
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5.(15 points) Suppose variables x , y denote people. Y ( x , y ) denotes " x is younger than y ". F ( x , y ) denotes " x is a friend of y ". Translate the following sentences into logic: a. Emma is the youngest person b. Ruth is the oldest person c. Everyone has a friend d. There is someone who is everybody's friend. e. There is someone who is nobody's friend. f. Joshua has a younger friend. .
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.
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7. Over time, mitochondrial DNA accumulates non-lethal mutations at a constant rate. There isa higher degree of variation in mitochondrial DNA in earlier populations than in more recent populations. Scientists have taken samples of mitochondrial DNA from people living on different continents and compared the number of mitochondrial DNA mutations in these samples. They used this data as evidence to determine the order in which Earth's continents were populated. In this study, the manipulated variable was the time of migration from one continent to another geographic location of subjects whose sample of mitochondrial DNA was testec amount of variation in mitochondrial DNA base sequences amount of mitochondrial DNA tested
.
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