Psychological • • • something that relates to the mind or mental actions mental or emotional rather than physical used to describe things that are primarily mental or emotional, but it can also be used when referring to the field of psychology. Psychologystudy of the mind, how it works, and how it might affect behavior.

1. Psychological
Perspective of
the Self

2. Psychological
• something that relates to the
mind or mental actions
• mental or emotional rather
than physical
• used to describe things that
are primarily mental or
emotional, but it can also be
used when referring to the
field of psychology.
Psychology - study of the mind,
how it works, and how it might
affect behavior.

4. William James’ Concept of Self: The
ME-Self & the I-Self
I-SELF IS ALSO CALLED THE THINKING SELF. IT
REFLECTS THE SOUL OF THE PERSON OR MIND
WHICH IS ALSO CALLED THE PURE EGO.
ME-SELF IS THE EMPIRICAL SELF WHICH IS
FURTHER DIVIDED INTO SUB-CATEGORIES:
MATERIAL SELF, SOCIAL SELF & SPIRITUAL SELF.

5. Carl
Rogers’
Self
Theory
Self-concept is another important aspect of
self-understanding which refers to the image
of one’s self.
He defines the self as flexible and changing
perception of personal identity.
Human beings are always striving for self-
fulfillment or self-actualization.
When the needs of self are denied, severe
anxiety may arise.
There are two components of self-concept:
Real Self & Ideal Self

7. Multiple Self versus Unified Self
Self-understanding includes conceptualizing the self as
either multiple or unified.
Coping with different selves constitutes a formidable
task among adolescents. These challenges contribute
heavily to the young person’s struggle for a unified self.
It is important that adolescents are supported in their
effort to create a consistent, coherent or unified theory
of self.

8. The Self
as
Proactive
and
Agentic
by Albert
Bandura
Humans have this “Agency” which
embodies natural ability, belief system
& self-regulatory capabilities and
functions through which personal
influence is exercised, rather than
reside as discrete entity. (Albert
Bandura)
Main features of Human Agency are
(1)Intentionality (2)Forethought
(3)Reactiveness (4)Reflectiveness

9. The Self as the central archetype
by Carl Jung
• The Archetype represents the
hidden potentialities of the
total personality.
• Four major archetypes:
1. Persona
2. Shadow
3. Animus/Anima
4. Self

10. Sigmund Freud’s
Construction of self
and personality
Argues that the mind is composed of three structures
through which personality is formed.
1) id-pleasure seeking side
2) ego-conform with societal consideration, controls the id
3) superego-conscience & moral judgement

11. Sigmund Freud’s Construction of
self and personality
• Id, ego & superego develop in a series of stages called “psychosexual
stages of development”.
5 stages are as follows:
1. Oral Stage - (0-1) oral activities like sucking and biting
2. Anal Stage - (2) elimination of body waste
3. Phallic Stage - (3-6) examining, touching, fondling or displaying their
genitals
4. Latency Stage - (7-12) sexual energy is deprived
5. Genital Stage - (Adolescence to Adulthood) genital area and they try to
satisfy their sexual drives from sexual relationships.

12. The Role of
Erikson’s
Theory in
Understanding
the Self
• To achieve an individual
identity, one must create a
vision of the SELF that is
authentic which is
anchored on the meaning
of his/her goals.
• 8-Psychosocial stages of
development

13. The Role of Erikson’s Theory in
Understanding the Self

15. The End.