globalization and mobility

1. THE GLOBAL
POPULATION AND
MOBILITY
G R O U P F O U R

2. SUB TOPICS:
•THE GLOBAL CITY
•THE GLOBAL MIGRATION
•THE GLOBAL DEMOGRAPHY

4. THE GLOBAL CITY
It is in Cities that global operations are centralized
and where we can see most clearly the phenomena
associated clearly with their activities, whether it be
changes in the structure of employment, the formation
of powerful partnerships, the development of
monumental real estate, the emergence of new forms
of local governance, the effects of organized crime, the
expansion of corruption the fragmentation of informal
networks or the spatial isolation and social exclusion of
certain population groups.

5. THE GLOBAL CITY
Also called WORLD CITY or sometimes ALPHA
CITY or WORLD CENTER, is a City which is a primary
node in the Global Economic Network.

6. THREE KEY TENDENCIES SEEM TO FOLLOW
FROM THESE STRUCTURAL FACTS ABOUT
GLOBAL CITIES
One is a concentration of wealth in the hands of owners,
partners and professionals associated with the high-end firms
in this system.
Second is a growing disconnection between the City and
its Region.
Third is a growth of a large marginalized population that
has a very hard time earning a living in the marketplace defined
by these high-end activities.

7. CHARACTERISTICS OF A GLOBAL CITY
• A variety of financial services, notably in finance, insurance, real estate,
banking, accountancy and marketing.
• Headquarters of several multinational corporations.
• The existence of financial headquarters, a stock exchange and major
financial institutions.
• Domination of the trade and economy of a large surrounding area.
• Major manufacturing centers with port and container facilities.
• Considerable decision-making power on a daily basis and at a global
level.
• Centers of new ideas and innovation in business, economics, culture and
politics.

8. REASONS OF INCREASE IN GLOBAL CITIES
The increase in global cities is linked to the globalization of
economics and the centralization of mass production within
urban centers.
Criticism of Global Cities
Despite of playing significant roles in the global economy,
global city thesis has been known for being a threat to state-
centric perspectives. These cities have been accused of focusing
their reach to other global cities and neglecting cities within
the national outreach. These cities are more connected to the
outside world than to their domestic economy.

10. THE GLOBAL MIGRATION
Why do people move?
SOCIAL FACTORS
Socially factors are things that affect someone’s lifestyle.
These could include wealth, religion, buying habits, educational
level, family size and structure and population density.
CULTURAL FACTORS
The idea of culture is vital to understanding the
implications for translation and despite the differences of opinion
as to whether language is a part of culture or not, the two are
connected. Culture range from syntax, ideologies, religion,
language and dialect, art and literacy.

11. WHY DO PEOPLE MOVE?
• PUSH-PULL FACTOR
In geographical terms, the push-pull factors are those
that drive people away from a place and draw people to a new
location. A combination of push-pull factors helps determine
migration or immigration of particular populations from one
land to another.
PUSH FACTOR: REASONS TO LEAVE
Factors that help migrants decide to leave their home.
PULL FACTOR: REASONS TO MIGRATE
Factors that attract people and area where immigrants are

12. MIGRATION AFFECTS BOTH THE PLACE OF ORIGIN AND
THE PLACE OF DESTINATION ON THE VARIOUS ASPECTS
SUCH AS ENVIRONMENTAL, ECONOMIC, HEALTH AND
SOCIAL ASPECTS
Environmental Aspects
Migration of people has the direct effect on both, the place of
origin and the place of destination. Problems like settlement, over-
exploitation of resources, and the pollution of different kinds will be
visible.
Economic Aspects
The consequence on the place of origin will be a loss of
economically active groups of the population.

13. MIGRATION AFFECTS BOTH THE PLACE OF ORIGIN AND
THE PLACE OF DESTINATION ON THE VARIOUS ASPECTS
SUCH AS ENVIRONMENTAL, ECONOMIC, HEALTH AND
SOCIAL ASPECTS
Health and Social Aspects
The place of destination are normally those places
where facilities are made available to a limited extent so
so as to fulfill the needs of the native dwellers.
However, the places overcrowd with the constant flow
of migrants, and facilities and other needs become
insufficient.

17. THE DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION
The demographic transition theory is a
generalized description of the changing pattern of
mortality, fertility, and growth rates as societies move
from one demographic regime to another.
The term was first coined by the American
Demographer Frank W. Notestein in the mid-twentieth
century, but it has since been elaborated and expanded
upon by many others.

20. WHY DO PEOPLE MOVE?
Economic reasons
Lack of employment opportunities or differentials in
employment opportunities and wages; the lure of a well-paid job
in a wealthy country is a powerful driver of international migration.
Lack of educational institutions across developing countries has
also tremendously contributed to the reasons for migration.
Political reasons
The unattractiveness of agricultural activities, disasters, lack
of basic amenities (roads, electricity, portable water, and
inadequate health care facilities) and industrial ventures in
countries have also encouraged international migration.