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400 words Primary Task Response : Your first task is to post your own Key Assignment Outline to the Discussion Board so that other students are able to review your plan. Attach your document to the main post, and include any notes that you feel are appropriate. The purpose of this assignment is to help improve the quality of the Key Assignment Draft you will complete next week. Part 1 Open-source intelligence (OSINT) is all information that can be acquired from overt collection from all types of media and government reports, various organizations, and through the use of the Internet. Discuss the following: What are the pros and cons of OSINT? Include a short assessment of how OSINT relates to other sources of intelligence, such as human intelligence (HUMINT), signal intelligence (SIGINT), image intelligence (IMINT), and measurements and signature intelligence (MASINT). Part 2 The ever-expanding intelligence community (IC) includes many new disciplines other than law enforcement, such as fire and emergency medical services (EMS). Discuss the following: Define what the emerging IC means to you. Select 2 homeland security (HLS) and public safety disciplines, and explain how those disciplines can play a role within the emerging IC and overall information sharing. Discuss the emerging IC as it relates to a multidiscipline approach. Are there expanding intelligence needs? If so, in what areas? Part 3 Post your Key Assignment Outline to the discussion area so that other students are able to review your plan. Attach your document to the main discussion post, and include any notes you feel are appropriate. The purpose of this assignment is to help improve the quality of the Key Assignment Draft you will complete next week. .
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Recommended
Deep-Dive-AI-final-report.pdf
This document provides an executive summary of discussions from the Deep Dive: AI event hosted by the Open Source Initiative. The event explored what it means for an AI system to be open source through a series of podcast interviews and panel discussions with experts. Three key issues were identified: 1) the need for open datasets to advance AI while limiting restrictions on data use, 2) the importance of regulatory guardrails rather than roadblocks to protect society while allowing innovation, and 3) the need for legal frameworks that enable ethical AI development while allowing collaboration. The OSI plans to continue contributing the open source perspective on AI issues.
Assistive Technology Considerations TemplateSubject AreaSample.docx
Assistive Technology Considerations Template
Subject Area
Sample Task
Assistive Technology Tools, Accommodations or Modifications
Links to Resource Vendors
Example:
Math
Use coins and bills to make change and solve math word problems involving money. (Arizona Department of Education, 2015)
Talking Calculator and
Coin-U-lator
Talking calculators and money calculators provide tactile, auditory, and visual feedback and can help students with disabilities perform math calculation assignments. The Coin-U-Lator actually has buttons for coins and bills.
Math APPs are electronic games that can provide additional independent practice on an iPad, phone, or computer.
https://www.enablemart.com/coin-u-lator-accessories
http://www.attainmentcompany.com/talking-calculator
https://www.commonsensemedia.org/learning-ratings/reviews?sort=field_reference_review_lr%3Afield_total_learning_rating&order=desc&gclid=COXVoKWB68gCFROSfgodpqsKFA
Reading
Writing
Listening
Oral Communication
Development
© 2015. Grand Canyon University. All Rights Reserved.
Future Scenarios and Challenges for
Security and Privacy
Meredydd Williams, Louise Axon, Jason R. C. Nurse and Sadie Creese
Department of Computer Science,
University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
{firstname.lastname}@cs.ox.ac.uk
Abstract—Over the past half-century, technology has evolved
beyond our wildest dreams. However, while the benefits of
technological growth are undeniable, the nascent Internet did
not anticipate the online threats we routinely encounter and
the harms which can result. As our world becomes increas-
ingly connected, it is critical we consider what implications
current and future technologies have for security and privacy.
We approach this challenge by surveying 30 predictions across
industry, academia and international organisations to extract a
number of common themes. Through this, we distill 10 emerging
scenarios and reflect on the impact these might have on a range of
stakeholders. Considering gaps in best practice and requirements
for further research, we explore how security and privacy might
evolve over the next decade. We find that existing guidelines
both fail to consider the relationships between stakeholders and
do not address the novel risks from wearable devices and insider
threats. Our approach rigorously analyses emerging scenarios
and suggests future improvements, of crucial importance as we
look to pre-empt new technological threats.
Index Terms—Emerging scenarios, cybersecurity, privacy, fu-
ture technologies
I. INTRODUCTION
Over the past half-century, technology has evolved beyond
our wildest dreams. While we once completed our time-
shared tasks on chunky mainframes, we now collaborate on
documents using our mobile phones. Though these advances
have created innumerable benefits for society, they have also
brought many risks to security and privacy. Since the Internet
was not predicted to face malicious intent, this architecture is
now victim to a host of.
BCJ 4385, Workplace Security 1 UNIT IV STUDY GUIDE I.docx
BCJ 4385, Workplace Security 1
UNIT IV STUDY GUIDE
Information, Communications, and
Computer Security
Course Learning Outcomes for Unit IV
Upon completion of this unit, students should be able to:
1. Examine the function of information security management and how it
plays a role in assessing vulnerabilities to critical information.
2. Analyze various information protection strategies and how these can
play a role in the prevention of cybercrimes.
3. Outline strategies for safeguarding information including the protection
strategies of physical security, administrative controls, and logical
controls.
Unit Lesson
General Overview
Information is an asset for organizations that exists in various forms (critical,
propriety, intellectual, and digitized). Thus, securing the various forms of
information are priorities for organizations. Laws such as the Fair Credit
Reporting Act were created to help protect information from improper use, but
such measures are insufficient in providing the level of protection needed to
secure organizational information.
Organizations use various tools and strategies to ensure information security
(INFOSEC) which is the protection of “information assets and systems against
any internal or external threat that might endanger them” (Ortmeier, 2013,
p.135). INFOSEC risk assessments and analyses are conducted to identify the
threats against organizational information that may exist and information
protection strategies are implemented to protect against and respond to the
identified threats. Protection strategies range from control strategies
(discretionary access control, mandatory access control: hierarchical and
non-hierarchical, operations security) to personnel security (information
protection-related agreements) which includes information security legislation
(e.g., National Security Decision Directive 298), classification systems for
business information (e.g., sensitive compartmented information protocols),
information security policies, and copyrights, patents, and trademarks.
Communication security (COMSEC) is important for any information transmitted
regardless of the medium (e.g., voice, electronic, impulses, microwave, etc.).
Computer security is concerned with information accessible through computers.
Maintaining computer security is a complicated task because information can be
accessed locally and remotely through numerous means. The term cybercrime
was coined to identify the crimes that are associated with using the internet to
illegally gain access to information that is used in crimes (e.g., hacking, email
wiretappings, phishing, and vishing).
Thus one can image that one of the greatest challenges related to computer
security is securing computer databases from internal and external threats.
Government agencies have added issues of protection threats against their
agencies and their personnel. To aid all organizations in maintaining co ...
Academic PaperCurrent Cybersecurity Trends A PowerPoint prese.docx
Academic Paper
Current Cybersecurity Trends: A PowerPoint presentation based on research into a current trend in cybersecurity.
Select and research one of the following topics and prepare a powerpoint presentation:
1. Cyber Insurance: Many organisations are investigating the potential benefits of purchasing cyber insurance. However, there are various aspects to be considered beyond the potential financial compensation should an attack occur. How does contemporary cyber insurance function, and what are the potential benefits and risks to organisations considering cyber insurance?
2. Internet of Things (IoT) Security: The ubiquity of connected devices continues to grow, and with this growth comes associated security risks as we become more reliant on these devices for our everyday activities. What are the key security factors to be considered when deploying IoT devices and how can the major threats against these devices be mitigated?
3. Security Issues with 'Shadow IT' and BYOD: The organisational IT landscape and culture are shifting with less centralised control and an increase in the diversity of services and devices. Managing the security issues associated with this new environment is a substantial challenge for practitioners. What are the major tools and techniques, both technical and managerial, that organisations can leverage to address the inherent risks while still facilitating adequate flexibility?
4. Encrypted Communications: The issue of encrypted communications has received extensive media coverage in recent times. There are a wide variety of differing perspectives on the topic of who should hold encryption keys and/or the means to retrieve plaintext communications content (e.g. governments vs corporations vs users). What are the differing perspectives on this topic and how can they be reconciled?
You should prepare and submit a 1000 word PowerPoint presentation. A minimum of five references from scholarly books, academic journals or conference proceedings is required for this assessment.
However, substantially more references are recommended. Use the Harvard referencing style and include the references either directly on your slides or in the notes section of each slide. The use of third party infographics (i.e. those not developed by you) is not permitted in this presentation.
.
Computer ForensicsDiscussion 1Forensics Certifications Ple.docx
Computer Forensics
Discussion 1
"Forensics Certifications" Please respond to the following:
· Determine whether or not you believe certifications in systems forensics are necessary and explain why you believe this to be the case. Compare and contrast certifications and on-the-job training and identify which you believe is more useful for a system forensics professional. Provide a rationale with your response.
· Suppose you are the hiring manager looking to hire a new system forensics specialist. Specify at least five (5) credentials you would expect an ample candidate to possess. Determine which of these credentials you believe to be the most important and provide a reason for your decision.
Discussion 2
"System Forensics Organizations" Please respond to the following:
· Use the Internet or the Library to research and select one (1) reputable system forensics organization. Provide a brief overview of the organization you chose, including what it provides for its members, and how one can join the organization. Indicate why, in your opinion, this particular organization would be the best choice for a system forensics professional to join and why you believe this way.
· Examine what you believe to be the most important reason for a systems forensic professional to be a member of a forensics organization and how this could further one’s career in the industry.
Cyber Security
Discussion 1
"Leading Through Effective Strategic Management" Please respond to the following:
· Propose three ways to ensure that cooperation occurs across security functions when developing a strategic plan. Select what you believe is the most effective way to promote collaboration and explain why.
· Explain what may happen if working cultures are overlooked when developing a strategy. Recommend one way to prevent working cultures from being overlooked.
Discussion 2
"Installing Security with System and Application Development" Please respond to the following:
· Provide three examples that demonstrate how security can be instilled within the Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC). Provide two examples on what users may experience with software products if they are released with minimal security planning.
· Suggest three ways that application security can be monitored and evaluated for effectiveness. Choose what you believe to be the most effective way and discuss why.
Computer Security
Discussion 1
"Current Events and Future Trends" Please respond to the following:
· How can we create a national security culture where all are more cognizant of security threats and involved to help prevent potential incidents? How do we balance the need for this security culture with the rights guaranteed to us by our Bill of Rights?
Research Topics (Choose 1 Topic)
Terrorism
· Terrorism remains one of the major concerns in the wake of the 9-11 events. Research into terrorism as it pertains to homeland security is conducted by corporations like the RAND Corporation, which is.
For this assignment, review the article abomhara, m., & koien,
The authors investigated cyber security threats and vulnerabilities related to the Internet of Things. They aimed to classify threat types and analyze the characteristics of potential attackers or intruders. The paper reviewed key concepts in IoT like devices and services. It identified common security issues around data confidentiality, privacy, and trust. The authors concluded that understanding threats is important for developing robust security requirements to protect IoT infrastructure and ensure its safe development. However, more research is still needed to address open challenges from resource-constrained devices and evolving attack techniques.
Second Mini Research Paper Topic and Annotated Bibliography For this.docx
This document outlines the requirements for a two-part assignment on intelligence collection activities. Part one requires the student to research and propose a topic on the five types of intelligence collection (HUMINT, SIGINT, MASINT, IMINT, OSINT). It provides questions to consider about the agencies responsible, uses in countering terrorism, and challenges. Part two requires an annotated bibliography of five scholarly sources summarizing how each source relates to the research criteria. The bibliography must be in APA style.
M017657678
This document discusses an approach to automatically detect social engineering attacks using dialog. It proposes using a dynamic Topic Blacklist (TBL) to verify discussion topics in dialog between an attacker and potential victim. Each line of text is checked against the TBL using natural language processing and machine learning. If a forbidden topic is detected, a warning is generated. The TBL is populated from common security requirements and policies. The approach analyzes language to detect attacks, including incorrect grammar. It is applicable to any attack vector using only dialog text.
Recommended
Deep-Dive-AI-final-report.pdf
This document provides an executive summary of discussions from the Deep Dive: AI event hosted by the Open Source Initiative. The event explored what it means for an AI system to be open source through a series of podcast interviews and panel discussions with experts. Three key issues were identified: 1) the need for open datasets to advance AI while limiting restrictions on data use, 2) the importance of regulatory guardrails rather than roadblocks to protect society while allowing innovation, and 3) the need for legal frameworks that enable ethical AI development while allowing collaboration. The OSI plans to continue contributing the open source perspective on AI issues.
Assistive Technology Considerations TemplateSubject AreaSample.docx
Assistive Technology Considerations Template
Subject Area
Sample Task
Assistive Technology Tools, Accommodations or Modifications
Links to Resource Vendors
Example:
Math
Use coins and bills to make change and solve math word problems involving money. (Arizona Department of Education, 2015)
Talking Calculator and
Coin-U-lator
Talking calculators and money calculators provide tactile, auditory, and visual feedback and can help students with disabilities perform math calculation assignments. The Coin-U-Lator actually has buttons for coins and bills.
Math APPs are electronic games that can provide additional independent practice on an iPad, phone, or computer.
https://www.enablemart.com/coin-u-lator-accessories
http://www.attainmentcompany.com/talking-calculator
https://www.commonsensemedia.org/learning-ratings/reviews?sort=field_reference_review_lr%3Afield_total_learning_rating&order=desc&gclid=COXVoKWB68gCFROSfgodpqsKFA
Reading
Writing
Listening
Oral Communication
Development
© 2015. Grand Canyon University. All Rights Reserved.
Future Scenarios and Challenges for
Security and Privacy
Meredydd Williams, Louise Axon, Jason R. C. Nurse and Sadie Creese
Department of Computer Science,
University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
{firstname.lastname}@cs.ox.ac.uk
Abstract—Over the past half-century, technology has evolved
beyond our wildest dreams. However, while the benefits of
technological growth are undeniable, the nascent Internet did
not anticipate the online threats we routinely encounter and
the harms which can result. As our world becomes increas-
ingly connected, it is critical we consider what implications
current and future technologies have for security and privacy.
We approach this challenge by surveying 30 predictions across
industry, academia and international organisations to extract a
number of common themes. Through this, we distill 10 emerging
scenarios and reflect on the impact these might have on a range of
stakeholders. Considering gaps in best practice and requirements
for further research, we explore how security and privacy might
evolve over the next decade. We find that existing guidelines
both fail to consider the relationships between stakeholders and
do not address the novel risks from wearable devices and insider
threats. Our approach rigorously analyses emerging scenarios
and suggests future improvements, of crucial importance as we
look to pre-empt new technological threats.
Index Terms—Emerging scenarios, cybersecurity, privacy, fu-
ture technologies
I. INTRODUCTION
Over the past half-century, technology has evolved beyond
our wildest dreams. While we once completed our time-
shared tasks on chunky mainframes, we now collaborate on
documents using our mobile phones. Though these advances
have created innumerable benefits for society, they have also
brought many risks to security and privacy. Since the Internet
was not predicted to face malicious intent, this architecture is
now victim to a host of.
BCJ 4385, Workplace Security 1 UNIT IV STUDY GUIDE I.docx
BCJ 4385, Workplace Security 1
UNIT IV STUDY GUIDE
Information, Communications, and
Computer Security
Course Learning Outcomes for Unit IV
Upon completion of this unit, students should be able to:
1. Examine the function of information security management and how it
plays a role in assessing vulnerabilities to critical information.
2. Analyze various information protection strategies and how these can
play a role in the prevention of cybercrimes.
3. Outline strategies for safeguarding information including the protection
strategies of physical security, administrative controls, and logical
controls.
Unit Lesson
General Overview
Information is an asset for organizations that exists in various forms (critical,
propriety, intellectual, and digitized). Thus, securing the various forms of
information are priorities for organizations. Laws such as the Fair Credit
Reporting Act were created to help protect information from improper use, but
such measures are insufficient in providing the level of protection needed to
secure organizational information.
Organizations use various tools and strategies to ensure information security
(INFOSEC) which is the protection of “information assets and systems against
any internal or external threat that might endanger them” (Ortmeier, 2013,
p.135). INFOSEC risk assessments and analyses are conducted to identify the
threats against organizational information that may exist and information
protection strategies are implemented to protect against and respond to the
identified threats. Protection strategies range from control strategies
(discretionary access control, mandatory access control: hierarchical and
non-hierarchical, operations security) to personnel security (information
protection-related agreements) which includes information security legislation
(e.g., National Security Decision Directive 298), classification systems for
business information (e.g., sensitive compartmented information protocols),
information security policies, and copyrights, patents, and trademarks.
Communication security (COMSEC) is important for any information transmitted
regardless of the medium (e.g., voice, electronic, impulses, microwave, etc.).
Computer security is concerned with information accessible through computers.
Maintaining computer security is a complicated task because information can be
accessed locally and remotely through numerous means. The term cybercrime
was coined to identify the crimes that are associated with using the internet to
illegally gain access to information that is used in crimes (e.g., hacking, email
wiretappings, phishing, and vishing).
Thus one can image that one of the greatest challenges related to computer
security is securing computer databases from internal and external threats.
Government agencies have added issues of protection threats against their
agencies and their personnel. To aid all organizations in maintaining co ...
Academic PaperCurrent Cybersecurity Trends A PowerPoint prese.docx
Academic Paper
Current Cybersecurity Trends: A PowerPoint presentation based on research into a current trend in cybersecurity.
Select and research one of the following topics and prepare a powerpoint presentation:
1. Cyber Insurance: Many organisations are investigating the potential benefits of purchasing cyber insurance. However, there are various aspects to be considered beyond the potential financial compensation should an attack occur. How does contemporary cyber insurance function, and what are the potential benefits and risks to organisations considering cyber insurance?
2. Internet of Things (IoT) Security: The ubiquity of connected devices continues to grow, and with this growth comes associated security risks as we become more reliant on these devices for our everyday activities. What are the key security factors to be considered when deploying IoT devices and how can the major threats against these devices be mitigated?
3. Security Issues with 'Shadow IT' and BYOD: The organisational IT landscape and culture are shifting with less centralised control and an increase in the diversity of services and devices. Managing the security issues associated with this new environment is a substantial challenge for practitioners. What are the major tools and techniques, both technical and managerial, that organisations can leverage to address the inherent risks while still facilitating adequate flexibility?
4. Encrypted Communications: The issue of encrypted communications has received extensive media coverage in recent times. There are a wide variety of differing perspectives on the topic of who should hold encryption keys and/or the means to retrieve plaintext communications content (e.g. governments vs corporations vs users). What are the differing perspectives on this topic and how can they be reconciled?
You should prepare and submit a 1000 word PowerPoint presentation. A minimum of five references from scholarly books, academic journals or conference proceedings is required for this assessment.
However, substantially more references are recommended. Use the Harvard referencing style and include the references either directly on your slides or in the notes section of each slide. The use of third party infographics (i.e. those not developed by you) is not permitted in this presentation.
.
Computer ForensicsDiscussion 1Forensics Certifications Ple.docx
Computer Forensics
Discussion 1
"Forensics Certifications" Please respond to the following:
· Determine whether or not you believe certifications in systems forensics are necessary and explain why you believe this to be the case. Compare and contrast certifications and on-the-job training and identify which you believe is more useful for a system forensics professional. Provide a rationale with your response.
· Suppose you are the hiring manager looking to hire a new system forensics specialist. Specify at least five (5) credentials you would expect an ample candidate to possess. Determine which of these credentials you believe to be the most important and provide a reason for your decision.
Discussion 2
"System Forensics Organizations" Please respond to the following:
· Use the Internet or the Library to research and select one (1) reputable system forensics organization. Provide a brief overview of the organization you chose, including what it provides for its members, and how one can join the organization. Indicate why, in your opinion, this particular organization would be the best choice for a system forensics professional to join and why you believe this way.
· Examine what you believe to be the most important reason for a systems forensic professional to be a member of a forensics organization and how this could further one’s career in the industry.
Cyber Security
Discussion 1
"Leading Through Effective Strategic Management" Please respond to the following:
· Propose three ways to ensure that cooperation occurs across security functions when developing a strategic plan. Select what you believe is the most effective way to promote collaboration and explain why.
· Explain what may happen if working cultures are overlooked when developing a strategy. Recommend one way to prevent working cultures from being overlooked.
Discussion 2
"Installing Security with System and Application Development" Please respond to the following:
· Provide three examples that demonstrate how security can be instilled within the Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC). Provide two examples on what users may experience with software products if they are released with minimal security planning.
· Suggest three ways that application security can be monitored and evaluated for effectiveness. Choose what you believe to be the most effective way and discuss why.
Computer Security
Discussion 1
"Current Events and Future Trends" Please respond to the following:
· How can we create a national security culture where all are more cognizant of security threats and involved to help prevent potential incidents? How do we balance the need for this security culture with the rights guaranteed to us by our Bill of Rights?
Research Topics (Choose 1 Topic)
Terrorism
· Terrorism remains one of the major concerns in the wake of the 9-11 events. Research into terrorism as it pertains to homeland security is conducted by corporations like the RAND Corporation, which is.
For this assignment, review the article abomhara, m., & koien,
The authors investigated cyber security threats and vulnerabilities related to the Internet of Things. They aimed to classify threat types and analyze the characteristics of potential attackers or intruders. The paper reviewed key concepts in IoT like devices and services. It identified common security issues around data confidentiality, privacy, and trust. The authors concluded that understanding threats is important for developing robust security requirements to protect IoT infrastructure and ensure its safe development. However, more research is still needed to address open challenges from resource-constrained devices and evolving attack techniques.
Second Mini Research Paper Topic and Annotated Bibliography For this.docx
This document outlines the requirements for a two-part assignment on intelligence collection activities. Part one requires the student to research and propose a topic on the five types of intelligence collection (HUMINT, SIGINT, MASINT, IMINT, OSINT). It provides questions to consider about the agencies responsible, uses in countering terrorism, and challenges. Part two requires an annotated bibliography of five scholarly sources summarizing how each source relates to the research criteria. The bibliography must be in APA style.
M017657678
This document discusses an approach to automatically detect social engineering attacks using dialog. It proposes using a dynamic Topic Blacklist (TBL) to verify discussion topics in dialog between an attacker and potential victim. Each line of text is checked against the TBL using natural language processing and machine learning. If a forbidden topic is detected, a warning is generated. The TBL is populated from common security requirements and policies. The approach analyzes language to detect attacks, including incorrect grammar. It is applicable to any attack vector using only dialog text.
Automatic Detection of Social Engineering Attacks Using Dialog
IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering (IOSR-JCE) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of computer engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in computer technology. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Length1,000 words maximumThere are five general ethical t.docx
Length:
1,000 words maximum
There are five general ethical topics and you are required to select one of these topics and clearly define one focused and specific ethical question which you will investigate. The five topics are
1.
Information and technology (Internet, social media, robotics, artificial intelligence etc.)
2.
Immigration and refugees (Detention, humanitarian intake, skills migration etc.)
3.
Media and advertising (Dishonesty, sexualisation, public interest, press freedom etc.)
4.
Sport (Drugs, cheating, sledging, prize money etc.)
5.
Whistleblowing (WikiLeaks, Snowden, protection of whistle blowers, corporate secrets etc.)
Present your assignment under clearly separated headings which answer parts ‘a to f’ below and provide a list of references at the end of your ethical analysis. No other introductions or summaries are required.
a.
Clearly define your specific ethical question. (1 mark)
b.
Provide a brief background discussion of your chosen ethical question that explains why it is important and in need of analysis. (2 marks)
c.
Identify and fully reference facts relevant to the analysis of your ethical question. (2 marks)
d.
What assumptions are needed to fill gaps in the available facts? (1 mark)
e.
Analyse the ethical question using act utilitarianism. (3 marks)
f.
Provide an ethical conclusion. (1 mark)
About salary for this assignment, we can discuss on other software. eg: QQ or Wechat
.
2015_ICMSS_Institutional_Cybersecurity_s02
This document discusses cybersecurity risks facing institutions and proposes countermeasures. It begins by explaining how the expansion of cyber space has increased cyber risks and how most countries have developed national cybersecurity strategies in response. However, it notes that institutions also need their own robust cybersecurity strategies to protect against modern cyber threats targeting both infrastructure and personnel.
The document then presents a case study analyzing how open source intelligence (OSINT) techniques using social media and other online sources can expose sensitive personal and institutional data. It demonstrates how cyber criminals could potentially gather usernames, email addresses, location data and other metadata about employees and systems.
Finally, it recommends several countermeasures institutions should take. These include educating employees about metadata risks, implementing
Final Project IoT Security Research Attached Personal data.docx
Security practitioners identify four key steps to improve IoT security: 1) Make users aware of security threats posed by IoT devices, 2) Design technical solutions to reduce vulnerabilities, 3) Align legal and regulatory frameworks, and 4) Develop a workforce skilled in IoT security. The final project assignment asks students to address each step for IoT devices and provide a detailed, step-by-step guide to raise awareness of security problems associated with IoT use through an 800-1000 word academic paper in APA format with references.
What really is Artificial Intelligence about?
AI systems are growing. But what is AI, where did the idea behind it come from, what is intelligence, how does expert level intelligence work, and perhaps most importantly, would AI systems eventually make human beings redundant?
Staying Ahead of the Race - Quantum computing in Cybersecurity
This article proposes the use of autonomous software agents to help defend the growing number of interconnected devices that make up the Internet of Battlefield Things (IoBT) from cyber threats. As an example, the article describes how an autonomous agent residing on a robotic vehicle could detect and block malicious traffic to help prevent malware from degrading the vehicle's critical communications. The article argues that autonomous cyber defense agents will be necessary to manage security at the scale of the large and complex IoBT. It then provides an illustrative scenario of how such an agent may operate and discusses challenges in developing effective autonomous agents for cyber defense in battlefield environments.
Threat intelligence minority report
Cyber threat intelligence (TI) allows organizations to make better defensive decisions by providing evidence-based information about existing or emerging cyber threats. TI supports decision-makers by helping cope with threats before they become incidents. While historically intelligence was seen as offensive, the purpose of TI is to enable defensive decision-making. Sharing TI information is more effective than keeping it private, as it improves understanding and defenses across organizations. Automated platforms like MISP facilitate rapid, widespread TI sharing while reducing unknown risks. Developing analytical skills is essential for cyber threat analysts to effectively leverage TI.
HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE AGE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
This document discusses human rights issues related to artificial intelligence. It begins with definitions of key AI concepts like machine learning, deep learning, and algorithms. It then explains how AI can both help and potentially harm society. The document outlines how various human rights may be impacted by current and future applications of AI, such as privacy and non-discrimination. It concludes with recommendations for stakeholders to address human rights harms through approaches like data protection laws and increased research.
Click on the following link(s) for the Phase 2 Reading Assignment.docx
Click on the following link(s) for the Phase 2 Reading Assignment:
Secure Border Initiative
The purpose of this project is for you to conduct research on the topic of emerging technologies that are supporting the nation’s homeland security mission areas of prevention, protection, response, and recovery. Your research should include the following:
Government Web sites and press releases
Archived interviews with HS and public safety officials (you are not expected to conduct interviews)
Information provided via the Web sites of private-sector companies that develop, manufacture, and sell HS-focused technologies
News articles
Web sites of critical infrastructure facilities
Any type of scholarly resource
Based upon the findings of your research, you are to craft a briefing memo of 1,000–1,250 words targeted to your jurisdiction’s chief elected official. The memo should address the key research questions below.
Assignment Guidelines
The briefing memo of 1,000–1,250 words must address the following:
What new technologies have emerged in the years since September 11, 2001? Explain.
Of the critical infrastructure sectors identified by DHS, which ones have received the most focus since 9/11? Why?
Currently, what are the primary focus areas (sectors and types of technologies) of research and development for new HS technologies? Explain.
Have efforts in the past been focused on the
left of boom
side or the
right of boom side
of the incident spectrum? What is the focus now? Why?
Have any events that have occurred after 9/11 served as catalysts for new areas of technological research and development or investment? Explain.
Of the new technologies that have emerged, whether they are deployed or not, what successes have been realized? What failures have occurred? Explain in detail.
From the perspective of how people move around in society, interact with each other, and access services, what impacts have any of the new technologies had on the lives of ordinary citizens? Explain.
What impacts has advanced technology had on you personally? Explain.
Compile your responses in your final briefing memo and submit the file to your instructor.
Be sure to reference all sources using APA style.
Please submit your assignment.
.
IT8073_Information Security_UNIT I _.pdf
This document provides a detailed syllabus for an Information Security course. It includes 5 units: Introduction, Security Investigation, Security Analysis, Logical Design, and Physical Design. The Introduction unit covers the history of information security and computer security. It defines key concepts like confidentiality, integrity, availability, and the CIA triangle. It also discusses security models and the components of an information system. The other units will cover topics like risk management, access control, security standards, cryptography, and physical security controls.
IT8073 _Information Security _UNIT I Full notes
This document provides a detailed syllabus for an Information Security course. It covers 5 units:
1) Introduction - Provides a history of information security and an overview of key concepts like the CIA triangle of Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability.
2) Security Investigation - Covers the need for security, threats, attacks, and legal/ethical issues.
3) Security Analysis - Focuses on risk management, access controls, and information flow.
4) Logical Design - Addresses security policies, standards, security architecture design and planning continuity.
5) Physical Design - Covers security technologies, intrusion detection systems, cryptography, access controls, physical security and personnel security
Pavlos_Isaris_final_report
This document provides a summary of a report about social engineering and the infamous hacker Kevin Mitnick. It discusses social engineering techniques used to gather private information from targets through human interaction rather than technical vulnerabilities. The report also provides biographical details of Kevin Mitnick, describing how he became one of the most wanted hackers by using social engineering and evading authorities for many years before being arrested. It examines social engineering tactics like pretexting, phishing, and tailgating and provides a real-world example of how social engineering was used to steal a man's credit card information.
Cyber speed – the unknown velocity component
The document discusses the concept of velocity as it relates to cyber crises. It defines key terms like velocity, breach, and social impact. It argues that traditional measures of time like SI units are not meaningful for understanding crisis response, and that the speed of social networks is more important. It suggests defenders need to understand an adversary's speed, lay traps, and remain agile to keep up with the fast pace of cyber attacks in today's digital world. The current defender model is broken because it cannot respond in real-time at the speed information spreads on social platforms.
Hacking for ICE (Internal Controls Evaluation)
Cybersecurity and impacts on IT Controls. Lessons learned (brown bag) from an IIA and ISACA conference. Discusses recent events (examples), attack surfaces and vectors and implications to the healthcare industry.
Privacy preserving
Dear Students
Ingenious techno Solution offers an expertise guidance on you Final Year IEEE & Non- IEEE Projects on the following domain
JAVA
.NET
EMBEDDED SYSTEMS
ROBOTICS
MECHANICAL
MATLAB etc
For further details contact us:
enquiry@ingenioustech.in
044-42046028 or 8428302179.
Ingenious Techno Solution
#241/85, 4th floor
Rangarajapuram main road,
Kodambakkam (Power House)
http://www.ingenioustech.in/
Assignment 2 LASA 2 Submissions AssignmentThis assignment .docx
Assignment 2: LASA 2: Submissions Assignment
This assignment comprises of four parts. All parts should be compiled into one Word document and submitted to the
Submissions Area.
Part 1: Case Study 1: Textbook Chapter 2: "Security of Technical Systems in Organizations: An Introduction"
Many of the technical controls put into place can be circumvented with a simple phone call. Recently, famed hacker Kevin Mitnick demonstrated this, by breaking into Sprint's backbone network. Rather than mounting a buffer overrun or denial-of-service (DoS) attack, Mitnick simply placed a call posing as a Nortel service engineer and persuaded the staff at Sprint to provide log-in names and passwords to the company's switches, under the guise that he needed them to perform remote maintenance on the system. Once the password information had been obtained, Mitnick was able to dial in and manipulate Sprint's networks at will.
Many people believe this was an isolated incident, and they would not fall for a similar act of social engineering, but Mitnick gained notoriety during the 1980s and 1990s, by performing similar techniques on computer networks around the world. Mitnick's more notorious crimes included accessing computer systems at the Pentagon and the North American Defense Command (NORAD), and stealing software and source code from major computer manufacturers. Kevin Mitnick was arrested six times. He has been working as a consultant, specializing in social engineering techniques, having gone straight after serving a five-year sentence for his most recent crime. He has authored several books regarding social engineering, including
The Art of Intrusion
and
The Art of Deception
.
Create a 2- to 3-page report in a Microsoft Word document that includes responses to the following:
Analyze what procedures could help prevent a similar breach of security at your organization.
Phishing (the practice of luring unsuspected Internet users to fake Web sites by using authentic looking email) is usually associated with identity theft. Analyze whether this tactic could also be used to gain information needed to circumvent security controls. Why or why not?
Many social engineering breaches involve using what is believed to be insider information to gain the trust of individuals in an effort to obtain confidential information. Test your ability to obtain what some might consider insider information using a search engine to find contacts or other useful information referencing your organization. Report your findings.
Part 2: Case Study 2: Textbook Chapter 5: "Network Security"
A recent network security breach at Tucson, Arizona–based CardSystem
Solution
s Inc. has exposed 40 million credit card customers to possible fraud, and is considered one of the largest card-information heists ever. CardSystem
...
Jim Clarke, Waterford Institute of Technology, IRELAND: Session Introduction
This document summarizes the agenda for a session on "Privacy and Citizenship" that took place on December 16, 2010. The session focused on two main topics: 1) user/citizen issues related to privacy and 2) the economics of privacy. It included keynote speeches from experts in privacy and data protection, followed by a panel discussion on each topic with experts from research institutions and industry. The goal of the session was to have an open discussion around balancing privacy, innovation, and citizens' rights on the future internet.
Sizing the Cyber Skills Gap
This document summarizes a white paper that evaluates claims of a global shortage of cybersecurity professionals, known as the "cyber skills gap". It discusses the origins of frequently cited estimates that there are 1 million open cybersecurity jobs worldwide. While many organizations report difficulty filling cybersecurity roles, the 1 million number originated from Cisco reports without clear sources. The document traces discussion of a cyber skills gap among US government agencies and non-profits beginning in the late 2000s. While a gap likely exists, the size and implications are worth examining given past exaggerations in the cybersecurity field.
Identity Theft ResponseYou have successfully presented an expa
The CEO has tasked you with developing an identity theft response plan for your financial organization. This plan will outline procedures for responding to potential cyberattacks involving theft or compromise of customers' personally identifiable information (PII). You will need to consider responses to both internal incidents, like a rogue employee accessing records, and external incidents, such as a hacker breaching systems. The plan will need to address regulatory compliance, communication with leadership and authorities, and recovery of operations should PII be stolen. It will also help the organization avoid damages to its reputation and legal liability in the event of an identity theft incident.
This week were hired consultants working on one of the many atta
This week were hired consultants working on one of the many attacks orchestrated by the infamous hacker Kevin Mitnick. Here’s the extract from our textbook
Group Project: Breaking into Sprint’s Backbone Network
Read the assigned Case Study at the end of Chapter 2 of the textbook. Work with the group designated by your Instructor as if you are hired security consultants. When you have reached consensus as a group, create a report to document the following:
What procedures could help prevent a similar breach of security at your organization?
Phishing is usually associated with identity theft, but could this tactic also be used to gain information needed to circumvent security controls?
Many social engineering breaches involve using what is believed to be insider information to gain the trust of individuals in an effort to obtain confidential information. Test your ability to obtain what some might consider “insider information” using a search engine to find contact or other useful information referencing your organization.
Case Study: Breaking into Sprint’s Backbone Network
Many of the technical controls put into place can be circumvented with a simple phone call. Recently, famed hacker Kevin Mitnick demonstrated this by breaking into Sprint’s backbone network. Rather than mounting a buffer overrun or DoS attack, Mitnick simply placed a call posing as a Nortel service engineer and persuaded the staff at Sprint to provide login names and passwords to the company’s switches under the guise that he needed them to perform remote maintenance on the system. Once the password information had been obtained, Mitnick was able to dial in and manipulate Sprint’s networks at will. Many people believe this was an isolated incident, and they would not fall for a similar act of social engineering, but Mitnick gained notoriety during 1980s and 1990s by applying similar techniques to computer networks around the world. Mitnick’s more notorious crimes included accessing computer systems at the Pentagon and the North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD), and stealing software and source-code from major computer manufacturers. Kevin Mitnick was arrested six times, and has been networking as a consultant specializing in social engineering techniques, having “gone straight” after serving a five-year sentence for his most recent crime. He even has authored several books regarding social engineering including
The Art of Intrusion and The Art of Deception
...
9.1 Give examples of applications of IPsec.9.2 What servic.docx
9.1 Give examples of applications of IPsec.
9.2 What services are provided by IPsec?
9.3 What parameters identify an SA and what parameters characterize the nature of a particular SA?
9.4 What is the difference between transport mode and tunnel mode?
9.5 What is a replay attack?
9.6 Why does ESP include a padding field?
9.7 What are the basic approaches to bundling SAs?
9.8 What are the roles of the Oakley key determination protocol and ISAKMP in IPsec?
including references, No copy paste strictly
.
a brief description of two roles that a forensic psychology professi.docx
a brief description of two roles that a forensic psychology professional may have when working with police administrators. Then, analyze the impact of each role on police administration, and each level of the police organization. Support your analysis with references to the Learning Resources.
Learning Resources
Readings
Course Text:
Psychology and Policing
Chapter 3, "Recruitment, Selection and Training"
Book Excerpt: Rostow, C. D., & Davis, R. D. (2004). Defining the fitness-for-duty evaluation. In C. D. Rostow & R. D. Davis (Eds.),
Handbook for psychological fitness-for-duty evaluations in law enforcement
(pp. 65–71). Binghamton, NY: Haworth Press.
Article: Coderoni, G. R. (2002). The relationship between multicultural training for police and effective law enforcement.
FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin, 71
(11), 16–18. Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.
Article: Love, K. G., & DeArmond, S. (2007). The validity of assessment center ratings and 16 PF personality trait scores in police sergeant promotions: A case of incremental validity.
Public Personnel Management, 36
(1), 21-32. Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.
Article: McGrath, R., & Guller, M. (2009). Concurrent validity of the candidate and officer personnel survey (COPS).
International Journal of Police Science and Management, 11
(2), 150–159. (Review from Week 2). Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.
Article: Simmers, K. D., Bowers, T. G., & Ruiz, J. M. (2003). Pre-employment psychological testing of police officers: The MMPI and the IPI as predictors of performance.
International Journal of Police Science & Management, 5
(4), 277–294. Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.
Article: Steinheider, B., Wuestewald, T., & Bayerl, P. (2006). The effects of participative management on employee commitment, productivity, and community satisfaction in a police agency.
Conference Papers-International Communication Association
, 1–42. Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.
Article: Wang, Y. R. (2006). Does community policing motivate officers at work and how?
International Journal of Police Science & Management, 8
(1), 67–77. Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.
Article: White, M. D., & Escobar, G. (2008). Making good cops in the twenty-first century: Emerging issues for the effective recruitment, selection and training of police in the United States and abroad.
International Review of Law Computers & Technology, 22
(1–2), 119–134. Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.
Government Document: U. S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. (n.d.).
Facts about the Americans with disabilities act
. Retrieved from
http://www.eeoc.gov/facts/fs-ada.html
.
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Secure Border Initiative
The purpose of this project is for you to conduct research on the topic of emerging technologies that are supporting the nation’s homeland security mission areas of prevention, protection, response, and recovery. Your research should include the following:
Government Web sites and press releases
Archived interviews with HS and public safety officials (you are not expected to conduct interviews)
Information provided via the Web sites of private-sector companies that develop, manufacture, and sell HS-focused technologies
News articles
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Currently, what are the primary focus areas (sectors and types of technologies) of research and development for new HS technologies? Explain.
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left of boom
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right of boom side
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Have any events that have occurred after 9/11 served as catalysts for new areas of technological research and development or investment? Explain.
Of the new technologies that have emerged, whether they are deployed or not, what successes have been realized? What failures have occurred? Explain in detail.
From the perspective of how people move around in society, interact with each other, and access services, what impacts have any of the new technologies had on the lives of ordinary citizens? Explain.
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IT8073_Information Security_UNIT I _.pdf
This document provides a detailed syllabus for an Information Security course. It includes 5 units: Introduction, Security Investigation, Security Analysis, Logical Design, and Physical Design. The Introduction unit covers the history of information security and computer security. It defines key concepts like confidentiality, integrity, availability, and the CIA triangle. It also discusses security models and the components of an information system. The other units will cover topics like risk management, access control, security standards, cryptography, and physical security controls.
IT8073 _Information Security _UNIT I Full notes
This document provides a detailed syllabus for an Information Security course. It covers 5 units:
1) Introduction - Provides a history of information security and an overview of key concepts like the CIA triangle of Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability.
2) Security Investigation - Covers the need for security, threats, attacks, and legal/ethical issues.
3) Security Analysis - Focuses on risk management, access controls, and information flow.
4) Logical Design - Addresses security policies, standards, security architecture design and planning continuity.
5) Physical Design - Covers security technologies, intrusion detection systems, cryptography, access controls, physical security and personnel security
Pavlos_Isaris_final_report
This document provides a summary of a report about social engineering and the infamous hacker Kevin Mitnick. It discusses social engineering techniques used to gather private information from targets through human interaction rather than technical vulnerabilities. The report also provides biographical details of Kevin Mitnick, describing how he became one of the most wanted hackers by using social engineering and evading authorities for many years before being arrested. It examines social engineering tactics like pretexting, phishing, and tailgating and provides a real-world example of how social engineering was used to steal a man's credit card information.
Cyber speed – the unknown velocity component
The document discusses the concept of velocity as it relates to cyber crises. It defines key terms like velocity, breach, and social impact. It argues that traditional measures of time like SI units are not meaningful for understanding crisis response, and that the speed of social networks is more important. It suggests defenders need to understand an adversary's speed, lay traps, and remain agile to keep up with the fast pace of cyber attacks in today's digital world. The current defender model is broken because it cannot respond in real-time at the speed information spreads on social platforms.
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Privacy preserving
Dear Students
Ingenious techno Solution offers an expertise guidance on you Final Year IEEE & Non- IEEE Projects on the following domain
JAVA
.NET
EMBEDDED SYSTEMS
ROBOTICS
MECHANICAL
MATLAB etc
For further details contact us:
enquiry@ingenioustech.in
044-42046028 or 8428302179.
Ingenious Techno Solution
#241/85, 4th floor
Rangarajapuram main road,
Kodambakkam (Power House)
http://www.ingenioustech.in/
Assignment 2 LASA 2 Submissions AssignmentThis assignment .docx
Assignment 2: LASA 2: Submissions Assignment
This assignment comprises of four parts. All parts should be compiled into one Word document and submitted to the
Submissions Area.
Part 1: Case Study 1: Textbook Chapter 2: "Security of Technical Systems in Organizations: An Introduction"
Many of the technical controls put into place can be circumvented with a simple phone call. Recently, famed hacker Kevin Mitnick demonstrated this, by breaking into Sprint's backbone network. Rather than mounting a buffer overrun or denial-of-service (DoS) attack, Mitnick simply placed a call posing as a Nortel service engineer and persuaded the staff at Sprint to provide log-in names and passwords to the company's switches, under the guise that he needed them to perform remote maintenance on the system. Once the password information had been obtained, Mitnick was able to dial in and manipulate Sprint's networks at will.
Many people believe this was an isolated incident, and they would not fall for a similar act of social engineering, but Mitnick gained notoriety during the 1980s and 1990s, by performing similar techniques on computer networks around the world. Mitnick's more notorious crimes included accessing computer systems at the Pentagon and the North American Defense Command (NORAD), and stealing software and source code from major computer manufacturers. Kevin Mitnick was arrested six times. He has been working as a consultant, specializing in social engineering techniques, having gone straight after serving a five-year sentence for his most recent crime. He has authored several books regarding social engineering, including
The Art of Intrusion
and
The Art of Deception
.
Create a 2- to 3-page report in a Microsoft Word document that includes responses to the following:
Analyze what procedures could help prevent a similar breach of security at your organization.
Phishing (the practice of luring unsuspected Internet users to fake Web sites by using authentic looking email) is usually associated with identity theft. Analyze whether this tactic could also be used to gain information needed to circumvent security controls. Why or why not?
Many social engineering breaches involve using what is believed to be insider information to gain the trust of individuals in an effort to obtain confidential information. Test your ability to obtain what some might consider insider information using a search engine to find contacts or other useful information referencing your organization. Report your findings.
Part 2: Case Study 2: Textbook Chapter 5: "Network Security"
A recent network security breach at Tucson, Arizona–based CardSystem
Solution
s Inc. has exposed 40 million credit card customers to possible fraud, and is considered one of the largest card-information heists ever. CardSystem
...
Jim Clarke, Waterford Institute of Technology, IRELAND: Session Introduction
This document summarizes the agenda for a session on "Privacy and Citizenship" that took place on December 16, 2010. The session focused on two main topics: 1) user/citizen issues related to privacy and 2) the economics of privacy. It included keynote speeches from experts in privacy and data protection, followed by a panel discussion on each topic with experts from research institutions and industry. The goal of the session was to have an open discussion around balancing privacy, innovation, and citizens' rights on the future internet.
Sizing the Cyber Skills Gap
This document summarizes a white paper that evaluates claims of a global shortage of cybersecurity professionals, known as the "cyber skills gap". It discusses the origins of frequently cited estimates that there are 1 million open cybersecurity jobs worldwide. While many organizations report difficulty filling cybersecurity roles, the 1 million number originated from Cisco reports without clear sources. The document traces discussion of a cyber skills gap among US government agencies and non-profits beginning in the late 2000s. While a gap likely exists, the size and implications are worth examining given past exaggerations in the cybersecurity field.
Identity Theft ResponseYou have successfully presented an expa
The CEO has tasked you with developing an identity theft response plan for your financial organization. This plan will outline procedures for responding to potential cyberattacks involving theft or compromise of customers' personally identifiable information (PII). You will need to consider responses to both internal incidents, like a rogue employee accessing records, and external incidents, such as a hacker breaching systems. The plan will need to address regulatory compliance, communication with leadership and authorities, and recovery of operations should PII be stolen. It will also help the organization avoid damages to its reputation and legal liability in the event of an identity theft incident.
This week were hired consultants working on one of the many atta
This week were hired consultants working on one of the many attacks orchestrated by the infamous hacker Kevin Mitnick. Here’s the extract from our textbook
Group Project: Breaking into Sprint’s Backbone Network
Read the assigned Case Study at the end of Chapter 2 of the textbook. Work with the group designated by your Instructor as if you are hired security consultants. When you have reached consensus as a group, create a report to document the following:
What procedures could help prevent a similar breach of security at your organization?
Phishing is usually associated with identity theft, but could this tactic also be used to gain information needed to circumvent security controls?
Many social engineering breaches involve using what is believed to be insider information to gain the trust of individuals in an effort to obtain confidential information. Test your ability to obtain what some might consider “insider information” using a search engine to find contact or other useful information referencing your organization.
Case Study: Breaking into Sprint’s Backbone Network
Many of the technical controls put into place can be circumvented with a simple phone call. Recently, famed hacker Kevin Mitnick demonstrated this by breaking into Sprint’s backbone network. Rather than mounting a buffer overrun or DoS attack, Mitnick simply placed a call posing as a Nortel service engineer and persuaded the staff at Sprint to provide login names and passwords to the company’s switches under the guise that he needed them to perform remote maintenance on the system. Once the password information had been obtained, Mitnick was able to dial in and manipulate Sprint’s networks at will. Many people believe this was an isolated incident, and they would not fall for a similar act of social engineering, but Mitnick gained notoriety during 1980s and 1990s by applying similar techniques to computer networks around the world. Mitnick’s more notorious crimes included accessing computer systems at the Pentagon and the North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD), and stealing software and source-code from major computer manufacturers. Kevin Mitnick was arrested six times, and has been networking as a consultant specializing in social engineering techniques, having “gone straight” after serving a five-year sentence for his most recent crime. He even has authored several books regarding social engineering including
The Art of Intrusion and The Art of Deception
...
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Jim Clarke, Waterford Institute of Technology, IRELAND: Session Introduction
Jim Clarke, Waterford Institute of Technology, IRELAND: Session Introduction
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Identity Theft ResponseYou have successfully presented an expa
This week were hired consultants working on one of the many atta
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More from taishao1
9.1 Give examples of applications of IPsec.9.2 What servic.docx
9.1 Give examples of applications of IPsec.
9.2 What services are provided by IPsec?
9.3 What parameters identify an SA and what parameters characterize the nature of a particular SA?
9.4 What is the difference between transport mode and tunnel mode?
9.5 What is a replay attack?
9.6 Why does ESP include a padding field?
9.7 What are the basic approaches to bundling SAs?
9.8 What are the roles of the Oakley key determination protocol and ISAKMP in IPsec?
including references, No copy paste strictly
.
a brief description of two roles that a forensic psychology professi.docx
a brief description of two roles that a forensic psychology professional may have when working with police administrators. Then, analyze the impact of each role on police administration, and each level of the police organization. Support your analysis with references to the Learning Resources.
Learning Resources
Readings
Course Text:
Psychology and Policing
Chapter 3, "Recruitment, Selection and Training"
Book Excerpt: Rostow, C. D., & Davis, R. D. (2004). Defining the fitness-for-duty evaluation. In C. D. Rostow & R. D. Davis (Eds.),
Handbook for psychological fitness-for-duty evaluations in law enforcement
(pp. 65–71). Binghamton, NY: Haworth Press.
Article: Coderoni, G. R. (2002). The relationship between multicultural training for police and effective law enforcement.
FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin, 71
(11), 16–18. Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.
Article: Love, K. G., & DeArmond, S. (2007). The validity of assessment center ratings and 16 PF personality trait scores in police sergeant promotions: A case of incremental validity.
Public Personnel Management, 36
(1), 21-32. Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.
Article: McGrath, R., & Guller, M. (2009). Concurrent validity of the candidate and officer personnel survey (COPS).
International Journal of Police Science and Management, 11
(2), 150–159. (Review from Week 2). Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.
Article: Simmers, K. D., Bowers, T. G., & Ruiz, J. M. (2003). Pre-employment psychological testing of police officers: The MMPI and the IPI as predictors of performance.
International Journal of Police Science & Management, 5
(4), 277–294. Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.
Article: Steinheider, B., Wuestewald, T., & Bayerl, P. (2006). The effects of participative management on employee commitment, productivity, and community satisfaction in a police agency.
Conference Papers-International Communication Association
, 1–42. Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.
Article: Wang, Y. R. (2006). Does community policing motivate officers at work and how?
International Journal of Police Science & Management, 8
(1), 67–77. Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.
Article: White, M. D., & Escobar, G. (2008). Making good cops in the twenty-first century: Emerging issues for the effective recruitment, selection and training of police in the United States and abroad.
International Review of Law Computers & Technology, 22
(1–2), 119–134. Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.
Government Document: U. S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. (n.d.).
Facts about the Americans with disabilities act
. Retrieved from
http://www.eeoc.gov/facts/fs-ada.html
.
A 65-year-old obese African American male patient presents to hi.docx
A 65-year-old obese African American male patient presents to his HCP with crampy left lower quadrant pain, constipation, and fevers to 101˚ F. He has had multiple episodes like this one over the past 15 years and they always responded to bowel rest and oral antibiotics. He has refused to have the recommended colonoscopy even with his history of chronic inflammatory bowel disease (diverticulitis), sedentary lifestyle, and diet lacking in fiber. His paternal grandfather died of colon cancer back in the 1950s as well. He finally underwent colonoscopy after his acute diverticulitis resolved. Colonoscopy revealed multiple polyps that were retrieved, and the pathology was positive for adenocarcinoma of the colon.
The Assignment (1- to 2-page case study analysis)
Develop a 1- to 2-page (only) case study analysis in which you:- the challenge is to be concise and not go over more than 2 pages. A summary on page 3 will be expected.
Explain why you think the patient presented the symptoms described.
Identify the genes that may be associated with the development of the disease.
Explain the process of immunosuppression and the effect it has on body systems.
Rubric:
ExcellentGoodFairPoorDevelop a 1- to 2-page case study analysis, examining the patient symptoms presented in the case study. Be sure to address the following:
Explain why you think the patient presented the symptoms described.
28 (28%) - 30 (30%)The response accurately and thoroughly describes the patient symptoms.
The response includes accurate, clear, and detailed reasons, with explanation for the symptoms supported by evidence and/or research, as appropriate, to support the explanation.25 (25%) - 27 (27%)The response describes the patient symptoms.
The response includes accurate reasons, with explanation for the symptoms supported by evidence and/or research, as appropriate, to support the explanation.23 (23%) - 24 (24%)The response describes the patient symptoms in a manner that is vague or inaccurate.
The response includes reasons for the symptoms, with explanations that are vague or based on inappropriate evidence/research.0 (0%) - 22 (22%)The response describes the patient symptoms in a manner that is vague and inaccurate, or the description is missing.
The response does not include reasons for the symptoms, or the explanations are vague or based on inappropriate or no evidence/research.
Identify the genes that may be associated with the development of the disease.
23 (23%) - 25 (25%)The response includes an accurate, complete, detailed, and specific analysis of the genes that may be associated with the development of the disease.20 (20%) - 22 (22%)The response includes an accurate analysis of the genes that may be associated with the development of the disease.18 (18%) - 19 (19%)The response includes a vague or inaccurate analysis of the genes that may be associated with the development of the disease.0 (0%) - 17 (17%)The response includes a vague or inaccurate.
A case study assessing risk and proposing security for some chosen o.docx
A case study assessing risk and proposing security for some chosen organization (real).. Make sure to explain and backup your responses with facts and examples.
This assignment should be in APA format and have to include at least two references (Only peer reviewed articles/Technical white papers). Minimum of 1000 words
.
A 3-4-page single-spaced essay that draws on materials posted in m.docx
A 3-4-page single-spaced essay that draws on materials posted in module folders throughout the semester---you may also draw on the books What is the What and The Far Away Brothers.
• Your essay should present a clear thesis, a several points about how media representations of refugees and immigrants has changed over time.
• How would you describe the common understanding of refugees, communities and citizenship in the U.S.? What role does media play? Would you change media representation? How so?
.
a 350+ word summary based on Malinowski’s writings that answers the .docx
a 350+ word summary based on Malinowski’s writings that answers the following:
• What was the Kula?
• Who participated in the Kula and why?
• What items are exchanged? (Describe in detail the directions of this exchange as well)
• Why are these objects valued? (Hint: they are not meant to be worn on one’s arms)
.
A - Historian Marybeth Hamilton characterizes the mainstreams obses.docx
A - Historian Marybeth Hamilton characterizes the mainstream's obsession with "authenticity" in African-American culture as "
a faintly colonial romance with Black suffering, an eroticization of African American despair
”.
B - How does the above jibe with the way we see Hip Hop from the South and its eventual dominance?
C - Does RZA's quote, “
The South has evolved later than us.... they haven’t picked up on the wavelength of where their mind should be
”, relate in any way to Hamilton's?
Week 9
A - When we look at how Hip Hop travels around the world and becomes an important vehicle for expression outside of America and outside of American culture, what do you think needs to be kept in order to be "real"?
B - Does what we see and hear in American Hip Hop need to be present, or is it something more subtle - a sentiment that lays in the heart of the creation of Hip Hop ?
C - What might that sentiment be?
.
918 Riders to the Sea CATHLEEN (slowly and clearly) An Id.docx
9'18 Riders to the Sea
CATHLEEN (slowly and clearly) An Id
anything she will do and isn't it o. ~oman will be soon tired with
keening, and makin~ great nlt~e ays herself is after crying and
MAURYA (puts th sorrow m the house?
t empty cup mouth downwards h
together on BARTLEY'S feet) Th' on t e table, and /c,ys her hands
is come. May the Almighty G ;r;e all together this time, and the end
Michael's soul, and on the sO~ls o~~~mercy on Bartley's soul, and on
and Shawn (bending her head)' d earn us and Patch, and Stephen
Nora, and on the soul of e ' ' an ~ay He have mercy on my soul
very one IS left living in the world '
She pa'" --' .l._ " • ....es, auu W", keen rises l' le
away. , a Itt more loudly from the women, then sinks
MAURYA (continuing) Mich;el has a . .
grace of the Almighty God B I dea~ bunal m the far north, by the
white boards and ad' art ey wdl have a fine coffin out of the
h ' eep grave surely Wh
t at? No man at all can be Iivin f, . at more can We Want than
She kneels do' g. Or ever, and we must be satisfied.
wn again and the curtain falls slowly.
QUESTIONS
1. In tragedy th .
. I .'. e protagoOlstgenerally ff,
15 C ear m thiS play; but what about acts, ~u ers; and learns. The sufferin
a. Does the protagonist act the actmg and learning? g
b. beWh~t ~oes she learn? H~~ri~~!?d~Eat are the effects of her actions?
~nOlng? 1 erent at the play's end than at the'
2. What,!S the effect of a traged in w ' '. .
;(u~n rather than active? Supi:ort YO~~~hth~ trotagomst IS essentially "acted
an , to other tragedies that fit th' eSls y references to Riders to the Sea
any)., ,,,', . ' ' IS not·very-common pattern l'f y' know ' 3 :n' I ' , ,. ' , ou
• IS!:.USS the language of the la:' '" , ..• " : ' ' ,
tra81F aspects of the drama? p ,r,' Ho~ does It 'Support both th~ ~alistic and ","
, , """>"'jf .!,' /~, ~!£ ll'~.'~ "'-'~. ,; Il,.J1.; ;"_\t,~, '.'".,'
.; ':"·,i1:'. L, \1,', ,';
,1"." " :J
~ .j .: t !" ' ;', r
iJ: ,',
SUSAN GLASPELL (1882-1948)
Trifles
CHARACTERS
SHERIFF PETERS
MltS. PETERS
HALE
MltS. HALE
COUNTY ATTORNEY HENDEltSON
SCENE. The kitchen in the now abandoned farmhouse ofJohn Wright, a gloomy
kitchen, and left without having been put in order-the walls covered with a faded
wall paper. Down right is a door leading to,the parlor. On the right wall above this
door is a built-in kitchen cupboard with shelves in the upper portion and drawers
below. In the rear wall at right. up two steps is a door opening onto stairs leading to
the second floor. In the rear wall at left is a door to the shed and from there to the
outside. Between these two doors is an old{ashifmed black iron stove. Running along
the left wall from the shed'door is an old iron sink and sink shelf, in which is set a
hand pump. Downstage of the sink is an uncurtained window. Near the window is an
old wooden rocker. Genter stage is an unpainted wooden kitchen table with str.
8B20M017 Teaching Note SOBEYS—PROJECT SUNRIS.docx
8B20M017
Teaching Note
SOBEYS—PROJECT SUNRISE: RESPONDING TO DISRUPTION
R. Chandrasekhar wrote this teaching note under the supervision of Professor Andreas Schotter as an aid to instructors in the
classroom use of the case Sobeys—Project Sunrise: Responding to Disruption, No. 9B20M017. This teaching note should not be
used in any way that would prejudice the future use of the case.
Copyright © 2020, Ivey Business School Foundation Version: 2020-02-07
In January 2017, Michael Medline was appointed chief executive officer (CEO) of the Canadian grocer
Sobeys Inc. (Sobeys), which was experiencing financial difficulties. Medline was tasked with saving
Sobeys from near insolvency and planning strategically for the company’s core grocery business. He
devised an interim growth plan called Project Sunrise, which had two main objectives: quickly relieving
Sobeys of its troubled financial situation and preparing for the long-term industry disruption that was
becoming prevalent, both locally and globally.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
Students can assess Medline’s road map for the execution of Project Sunrise and learn how to develop and
apply a long-term plan for a company facing industrywide disruption. After completion of this case,
students will be able to accomplish the following objectives:
Evaluate the priorities for action identified by the CEO.
Develop an action plan for the company to avoid bankruptcy.
Develop an action plan for the company to manage the imminent industry disruption.
POSITION IN COURSE
This case is suitable for courses in undergraduate, graduate, and executive education programs. It can be
used in courses that focus on strategy, change, managing disruption, turnarounds, and competitive
repositioning.
RELEVANT READINGS
Dymfke Kuijpers, Virginia Simmons, and Jasper van Wamelen, “Reviving Grocery Retail: Six
Imperatives,” McKinsey & Company, December 2018, accessed December 21, 2019,
www.mckinsey.com/industries/retail/our-insights/reviving-grocery-retail-six-imperatives.
This publication may not be transmitted, photocopied, digitized, or otherwise reproduced in any form or by any means without the
permission of the copyright holder. Reproduction of this material is not covered under authorization by any reproduction rights
organization. i1v2e5y5pubs
Page 2 8B20M017
Vinay Couto, John Plansky, and Deniz Caglar, Fit for Growth: A Guide to Strategic Cost Cutting,
Restructuring, and Renewal (Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, 2017).
Gavin Parker, Thomas Jensen, Pascale Morillon, Bill Urda, and Stephanie Halgren, “How to Become a
Customer-Centric Grocer,” Boston Consulting Group, April 6, 2017, accessed July 12, 2019,
www.bcg.com/en-ca/publications/2017/retail-winning-strategies-retail-transformation-how-to-become-
a-customer-centric-grocer.aspx.
Donald Sull, Stefano Turconi, Charles Sull, and James Yoder, “Turning Strategy into Results,” MIT
Sloa.
875 words Include citations for all unoriginal ideas, .docx
875 words
Include
citations for all unoriginal ideas, facts, or definitions in an APA-formatted reference list.
Do not use Wikipedia, Quora, Yahoo Questions or other crowdsourced websites as references.
Visit
the American Civil Liberties Union
Supreme Court Cases website
to see civil liberties cases that the U.S. Supreme Court has ruled on, organized by term.
Select
one of the cases on civil liberties that interests you. Provide an analysis that addresses the following:
The civil liberty that is addressed in the case, including the text of the amendment from the
Bill of Rights
An explanation of the Supreme Court's involvement, including the following:
The importance of the ruling (why it is significant)
How the case moved through the lower courts to eventually be heard by the Supreme Court
The powers granted to the Supreme Court by the constitution that allowed them to rule on the case
.
81Journal of International Studies© Foundation .docx
81
Journal
of International
Studies
© Foundation
of International
Studies, 2015
© CSR, 2015 S
ci
en
ti
fi c
P
ap
er
s
Wuhan, Li Suyuan, Adnan Khurshid
Ocean University of China
China
[email protected]
Abstract. Th e main reason of this study is to test the interest rate impact on investment in
Jiangsu Province of China. Jiangsu has the largest quantity of investment in China.
For long run, nexus Johansen Co-integration test is employed. Whereas, vector er-
ror correction model (VECM) is used to fi nd short run association over the period
of 2003-2012. Th e results indicate that there is a long-term relationship association
among variables. It has negative relation in the long run but positive in short run. Th is
research also produces suggestions that will help in terms of interest rate policy as well
as improving investment that promotes economic growth in Jiangsu Province.
Keywords: Interest rate, investment, Jiangsu Province, VECM
JEL Codes: E40, E20, C22
INTRODUCTION
Changes in interest rates can refl ect the basic situation of the operation of macro economy; it also eff ects
all the macroeconomic variables such as GDP, price level, the level of employment, international balance of
payments, the rate of economic growth, etc. Obviously the interest rate is an important economic variable
that plays an important role in both macro and micro economy activity.
Th erefore, a change in interest rates is one of the main factors to judge the macroeconomic situation and
the interest rate trend analysis is the main method to predict the macroscopic economic situation. Western
economists believe that the market rate of interest, the total social savings and investment are closely linked.
Th erefore, the current interest rates aff ect the investment activities. At the same time, current interest rates
also aff ect the scale of investment in the future by adjusting the savings. If the interest rate rises, bond prices
fall, if the interest rate falls, bond prices rise.
Th e infl uence of interest rate on investment scale is operate as the opportunity cost of investment on
total investment, Under the condition of unchanged in investment income, the rising interest rates increase
the cost of investment and then inevitably cause lower income investors to withdraw from the area of invest-
ment, so that the demand for investment is reduced. However, falling interest rates means that investment
costs decline, thereby stimulating investment and the total social investments increase.
Received:
February, 2015
1st Revision:
April, 2015
Accepted:
May, 2015
DOI:
10.14254/2071-
8330.2015/8-1/7
Th e eff ect of interest rate on investment;
Empirical evidence of Jiangsu Province, China
Wuhan, Li Suyuan, Adnan Khurshid “Th e eff ect of interest rate on investment;
Empirical evidence of Jiangsu Province, China”, Journal of International Studies,
Vol. 8, No 1, 2015, pp. 81-90. DOI: 10.14254/2071-8330.2015/8-1/7
Journal .
82916 f_ch02.docx 45 Chapter 2 From Public Regulat.docx
8/29/16 f_ch02.docx: 45
Chapter 2
From Public Regulation to Private Enforcement
How CSR Became Managerial Orthodoxy
Richard P. Appelbaum
The safety and well-being of workers across our supply chain is the Responsible
Sourcing group’s top priority, which is why Walmart suppliers are contractually
required to sign our Standards for Suppliers before they’re approved to produce
merchandise for sale at Walmart. These Standards for Suppliers make clear our
fundamental expectations for suppliers and factories regarding the treatment of
workers and impact on the environment. Suppliers are also required to display our
Standards for Suppliers in the local language in all factories where products are
made for us, so workers know our expectations of suppliers and factory
management.
—Walmart 2014 Global Responsibility Report, Statement
on Compliance and Sourcing
Walmart, the world’s largest corporation in 2015, invests in “comprehensive social audits across
our global supply chain.” Its factory audits—reportedly often unannounced—are conducted by
“independent accredited and internationally recognized auditing firms.” Factories are then said to
be reaudited every six to twenty-four months, based on the results. This comprehensive auditing
system is designed to verify that factories “meet or exceed” Walmart’s standards, which include
assurance that all labor is voluntary, prohibitions against child labor, requirements that hours are
8/29/16 f_ch02.docx: 46
not excessive (and are consistent with local laws or regulations), and that factories provide safe
and healthy working conditions (Walmart 2014).
On November 24, 2012, a fire at the Tazreen Fashion apparel factory in Dhaka,
Bangladesh, claimed 112 lives and injured 200 others, making it the deadliest factory fire in the
history of a country long plagued by factories fires. Workers found themselves trapped by the
absence of safe and accessible fire exits, windows blocked by iron grills, a lack of adequate fire
preparedness training, and the fact that the building was at the time under construction: five
additional stories were being added to the original three-story structure, even as garment
production continued as usual.
In this unsafe environment, ten workers perished on Tazreen’s fifth floor, where they
were sewing Walmart’s Faded Glory shorts. Walmart, one of the many companies producing
garments at the factory (Maquila Solidarity Network 2012b),
1
claimed it was unaware that its
Faded Glory shorts were being sewn at Tazreen through a subcontracting arrangement. Yet the
factory’s owner reported that Walmart’s local office had audited the factory a year earlier,
finding only problems with excessive overtime. A Walmart spokesperson confirmed this,
acknowledging that the company had conducted at least two inspections in 2011, but claiming
that Walmart had stopped production “many months before the fire” (Yardley 2012).
.
8.1 What is the difference between RFC 5321 and RFC 53228.docx
8.1 What is the difference between RFC 5321 and RFC 5322?
8.2 What are the SMTP and MIME standards?
8.3 What is the difference between a MIME content type and a MIME transfer encoding?
8.4 Briefly explain base64 encoding.
8.5 Why is base64 conversion useful for an e-mail application?
8.6 What is S/MIME?
8.7 What are the four principal services provided by S/MIME?
8.8 What is the utility of a detached signature?
8.9 What is DKIM?
No Copy Paste striclty
.
8. On the likely aftermath and long term effects of the coronavi.docx
8. On the likely aftermath and long term effects of the coronavirus outbreak on business and society (Module 12)
This discussion board is devoted to the likely aftermath and long term consequences of the coronavirus for business and society. We will be posting some reading material related to this topic in Module 12.
respond 1
Effects of the Coronavirus Outbreak on Business and Society
The coronavirus outbreak has not only led to a massive loss of life globally but also altered social and economic structures in a manner that will persist for a long time. As the pandemic continues devastating communities across the globe, wealth has emerged as the best defense against catastrophes. Wealthy individuals have invested in systems that allow them to work from home to minimize interactions and avoid contracting the virus (Bonacini et al., 2021). Less wealthy individuals cannot afford to stay at home because most of them rely on daily wages to meet their basic needs. Additionally, low-income earners might not avoid interactions because most of them live in places with crowded housing. Moreover, Covid-19 has increased the health burden on low-income earners while decreasing job opportunities. Therefore, the pandemic is likely to exacerbate the economic inequality in society because the rich are amassing more wealth while the poor are suffering from high unemployment.
Besides increasing inequality, the pandemic will transform working habits in the future owing to company responses to regulations aimed at curbing the virus’s spread. At the onset of Covid-19, governments established regulations to restrict people's movement. These rules have changed business practices, promoting working from home and demonstrating the importance of technology in the corporate world. The change from working in offices to operating from home is likely to be permanent because most employers are beginning to question the purpose of a workplace. Over time, companies will establish effective policies to facilitate working from home, making it the new norm in business. Likewise, organizations will embrace technology more to serve customers who have shifted to online shopping to decrease physical interactions.
Reference
Bonacini, L., Gallo, G., & Scicchitano, S. (2021). Working from home and income inequality: Risks of a ‘new normal’ with COVID-19.
Journal of Population Economics, 34
(1), 303-360.
respond 2
ong Term Effects of COVID-19 on Business and Society
As we can and have seen, there have been and will continue to be long-term effects on how COVID-19 can and will impact business and society moving forward. Businesses will likely see a resurgence of possible re-closings. Depending on where you're located in our country, many businesses that were able to re-open may have to close again due to sparks in new COVID-19 cases. While it seems more people are no becoming vaccinated, the likelihood of this is still very evident. Many companies have learned from ini.
8 pagesSelect an agency of the US government and a specific pu.docx
8 pages
Select an agency of the US government and a specific public policy issue. Discuss, in detail, the mission and vision of the agency. Why did you select this particular agency?
Broadly describe a current issue that your selected agency trying to solve. Make sure that you address the following questions:
What is the issue?
What evidence is there that it is an issue?
What are the players (both institutions and individuals)?
What are the possible solutions proposed?
What solution was selected and why?
What are the political implications of the public policy?
How does it impact our democratic system?
Are there any constitutional issues?
Please make sure that your paper has a thesis sentence and a conclusion.
.
8 pages Select an agency of the US government and a specific p.docx
8 pages
Select an agency of the US government and a specific public policy issue. Discuss, in detail, the mission and vision of the agency. Why did you select this particular agency?
Broadly describe a current issue that your selected agency trying to solve. Make sure that you address the following questions:
What is the issue?
What evidence is there that it is an issue?
What are the players (both institutions and individuals)?
What are the possible solutions proposed?
What solution was selected and why?
What are the political implications of the public policy?
How does it impact our democratic system?
Are there any constitutional issues?
Please make sure that your paper has a thesis sentence and a conclusion.
.
8-1 Discussion Immigration LawsIt is a violation of the immigra.docx
8-1 Discussion: Immigration Laws
It is a violation of the immigration laws to “bring” an illegal alien into the United States. Can a defendant who does not essentially or technically cross the border with an illegal alien be found guilty under these laws? What must the prosecution prove?
Review the posts of your fellow learners and respond to at least two. In your response posts, you must do one or more of the following:
Ask an analytical question.
Offer a suggestion.
Elaborate on a particular point.
Provide an alternative opinion supported with research.
Be sure to support your initial post and follow-up posts with scholarly examples from the module readings and additional literature where appropriate. You must cite all references according to APA style.
To complete this assignment, review the
Discussion Rubric
document.
.
776! CHAPTER 26 Rococo to Neoclassicism The 18th Century in E.docx
776! CHAPTER 26 Rococo to Neoclassicism: The 18th Century in Europe and America
appealed greatly to Watteau’s
wealthy patrons, whom, even as
he was dying from tuberculosis,
he still depicted as carefree and
at leisure in his most unusual
painting, Signboard of Gersaint
(!"#. 26-7B).
François Boucher. A$er Watteau’s death brought his bril-
liant career to a premature end at age 36, F%&'()"* B)+,-.%
(1703–1770) rose to the dominant position in French painting, in
large part because he was Madame de Pompadour’s favorite artist.
Although Boucher was an excellent portraitist, his success rested
primarily on his canvases depicting shepherds, nymphs, and god-
desses gracefully cavorting in shady glens engulfed in pink and
sky-blue light. Cupid a Captive (!"#. 26-8) presents a rosy pyramid
of infant and female /esh set o0 against a cool, leafy background,
with /uttering draperies both hiding and revealing the nudity
of the 1gures. Boucher used the full range of Italian and French
Baroque devices—the dynamic play of crisscrossing diagonals,
curvilinear forms, and slanting recessions—to create his master-
ful composition. But he dissected powerful Baroque curves into a
multiplicity of decorative /ourishes, dissipating Baroque drama into
sensual playfulness. Lively and lighthearted, Boucher’s artful Rococo
In Pilgrimage to Cythera (!"#. 26-7),
luxuriously costumed lovers make a “pil-
grimage” to Cythera, the island of eternal
youth and love, sacred to Aphrodite. (Some
art historians think that the lovers are
returning from Cythera rather than having
just arrived. Watteau provided few clues to
settle the question de1nitively.) 2e elegant
1gures move gracefully from the protective
shade of a woodland park 1lled with play-
ful cupids and voluptuous statuary. 2e
poses of the 1gures, which blend elegance
and sweetness, are hallmarks of Watteau’s style, both in ambitious
multi1gure compositions such as Pilgrimage to Cythera and in
single-1gure studies such as L’Indi!érent (!"#. 26-7A).
Watteau prepared his paintings using albums of draw-
ings in which he sought to capture slow movement from di3cult
and unusual angles, searching for the smoothest, most poised, and
most re1ned attitudes. As he experimented with nuances of posture
and movement, Watteau also strove for the most exquisite shades of
color di0erence, de1ning in a single stroke the shimmer of silk at a
bent knee or the shine appearing on a glossy surface as it emerges
from shadow. 2e haze of color, the subtly modeled shapes, the
gliding motion, and the air of suave gentility tinged with nostalgia
26-7B WATTEAU, Signboard of
Gersaint, 1721.
26-7 A!"#$!% W&""%&', Pilgrimage to Cythera, 1717. Oil on canvas, 49 30 ( 69 4 120. Musée du Louvre, Paris.
Watteau’s fête galante paintings depict the outdoor amusements of French upper-class society. The haze of color suited the new
Rococo taste and was the hallmark of the Royal Academy’s Rubénistes.
26-7A WATT.
8 New Scientist 4 January 2020THE tropics are the most.docx
8 | New Scientist | 4 January 2020
THE tropics are the most
biodiverse regions on Earth.
Now there is evidence that
they are also the main source
of evolutionary innovation
and diversity.
Complex animals have
dominated Earth for 541 million
years, a time span called the
Phanerozoic eon. Huge
numbers of species have
evolved and gone extinct
during this time, in a complex
story that includes fish, giant
reptiles and whales.
However, in the 1980s
palaeontologist John Sepkoski
analysed the overall pattern
of evolution in the sea,
where the fossil record is best.
He concluded that marine
evolutionary history could
be broken down into three
supergroups, which he called
“great evolutionary faunas”.
The first group was
dominated by trilobites,
which resembled woodlice,
and bristle worms; the second
by shellfish-like creatures called
brachiopods; and the third by
molluscs, which have persisted
to the present day. Other animals
like land mammals probably
followed similar patterns, but
their fossil record isn’t complete
enough for us to know.
Now, by analysing nearly
18,300 marine genera from
the Phanerozoic fossil record,
Alexis Rojas-Briceno of Umeå
University in Sweden and
his colleagues have found
that the evolution of
complex marine life is best
described using four great
groups of fauna, not three
(bioRxiv, doi.org/dg98).
The first supergroup existed
between 541 and 494 million
years ago, spanning the
Cambrian explosion in which
many animal groups first
emerged. As in the original
analysis, trilobites dominated.
The second supergroup,
dubbed the Palaeozoic, lasted
from 494 to 252 million years
ago. Creatures with hard outer
shells were now widespread,
including brachiopods. This
phase ended when the end-
Permian extinction wiped out
almost all complex life on Earth.
This matches Sepkoski’s
analysis, but the new study
splits his third great fauna into
two. In this version, the third
supergroup is called the
Mesozoic. It began in the wake
of the Permian extinction and
ended 129 million years ago, in
the middle of the dinosaur era.
This time cephalopods, the
group that includes squid
and octopuses, were the rulers.
The fourth and final
supergroup, the Cenozoic, is
still dominant today. During
this time, clams and snails have
made up much of the diversity.
The team found that all four
supergroups originated in the
tropics, then expanded through
the oceans. This is in line with
the idea that the tropics are
hotbeds of evolutionary
innovation, which has been
promoted by David Jablonski
at the University of Chicago.
It may be that the warmer
temperatures and ample
sunlight ensure there is plenty
of food to nourish a multitude
of species. However, John Alroy
at Macquarie University in
Australia isn’t convinced. “I have
always been sceptical about the
out-of-the-tropics hypothesis,
because they have never
seriously dealt with sampling
biases, as far .
7 HYPOTHETICALS AND YOU TESTING YOUR QUESTIONS7 MEDIA LIBRARY.docx
7 HYPOTHETICALS AND YOU TESTING YOUR QUESTIONS
7: MEDIA LIBRARY
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· Probability and Hypothesis Testing
Lightboard Lecture Video
· Hypothesis Testing
Difficulty Scale
(don’t plan on going out tonight)
WHAT YOU WILL LEARN IN THIS CHAPTER
· Understanding the difference between a sample and a population
· Understanding the importance of the null and research hypotheses
· Using criteria to judge a good hypothesis
SO YOU WANT TO BE A SCIENTIST
You might have heard the term hypothesis used in other classes. You may even have had to formulate one for a research project you did for another class, or you may have read one or two in a journal article. If so, then you probably have a good idea what a hypothesis is. For those of you who are unfamiliar with this often-used term, a hypothesis is basically “an educated guess.” Its most important role is to reflect the general problem statement or question that was the motivation for asking the research question in the first place.
That’s why taking the care and time to formulate a really precise and clear research question is so important. This research question will guide your creation of a hypothesis, and in turn, the hypothesis will determine the techniques you will use to test it and answer the question that was originally asked.
So, a good hypothesis translates a problem statement or a research question into a format that makes it easier to examine. This format is called a hypothesis. We will talk about what makes a hypothesis a good one later in this chapter. Before that, let’s turn our attention to the difference between a sample and a population. This is an important distinction, because while hypotheses usually describe a population, hypothesis testing deals with a sample and then the results are generalized to the larger population. We also address the two main types of hypotheses (the null hypothesis and the research hypothesis). But first, let’s formally define some simple terms that we have used earlier in Statistics for People Who (Think They) Hate Statistics.
SAMPLES AND POPULATIONS
As a good scientist, you would like to be able to say that if Method A is better than Method B in your study, this is true forever and always and for all people in the universe, right? Indeed. And, if you do enough research on the relative merits of Methods A and B and test enough people, you may someday be able to say that.
But don’t get too excited, because it’s unlikely you will ever be able to speak with such confidence. It takes too much money ($$$) and too much time (all those people!) to do all that research, and besides, it’s not even necessary. Instead, you can just select a representative sample from the population and test your hypothesis about the relative merits of Methods A and B on that sample.
Given the constraints of never enough time and never enough research funds, with which almost all scientists live, the next best strategy is to take a portion of a lar.
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