The document outlines essential preparations and safety measures for earthquakes and tsunamis, including an emergency kit, structural safety precautions, and a clear action plan during seismic events. It highlights the necessity of being familiar with earthquake protocols, particularly in areas like Metro Manila, which is near the West Valley Fault. Citizens should be aware of evacuation routes and safety procedures following an earthquake or tsunami warning.

1. Preparing for
Earthquakes and
Tsunamis

2. Earthquake Hazards
● Primary hazards:
○ structural damage
○ liquefaction
○ landslide
● Secondary hazard:
○ fire
A building collapses due to

3. Before an Earthquake or Tsunami
● Emergency kit contains essentials that will guarantee
survival for at least 3 to 5 days
○ should contain:
■ ready to eat food
■ clean, potable water
■ medicines
■ set of clothes
■ flashlights
■ radio

4. Before an Earthquake or Tsunami
● Consider having first-aid training
● Heavy objects on shelves must be removed
● Furniture, cupboards, and appliances should be
anchored well to walls and floors.
● Learn earthquake plan in schools or workplace and
know nearby a faultlines

5. During an Earthquake
● Duck
○ Refers to action of avoiding falling objects when an
initial quake happens
○ Use hard material as a shield over one’s head
○ In the absence of hard material, interlock your fingers
and place your hand on top of your head

6. During an Earthquake
● Cover
○ Seek shelter in sturdy furniture
○ Stay away from objects that could potentially be
displaced and could possibly fall on you
○ Cabinets, drawers, cupboards should be avoided

7. During an Earthquake
● Hold
○ Once shaking has subsided, you may now proceed to
your planned exit route to safety
○ If outdoors, stay in open spaces
○ If inside a moving car, stop the car and stay inside until
earthquake stops

8. After an Earthquake
● Check for injuries
● Check electric lines, water and gas pipes for damages
and leakages
● Stay out of damaged buildings
● Turn on radio and listen to updates

9. ● If living close to an open ocean or sea:
○ Observe the shoreline
○ Sast receding waters in the ocean are indicative of
tsunami
○ Seek shelter in the highest place you can find
After an Earthquake

10. West Valley Fault
● The nearest fault system
in Metro Manila
● Had 4 major earthquakes
in the past 1400 years
● Has recurrence interval of
400 to 500 years
West Valley Fault

11. Earthquakes can cause hazards like structural
damage, liquefaction, landslide, and fire.
1
People must be familiar with the things to do before,
during, and after an earthquake.
2
The nearest fault system in Metro Manila is the West
Valley Fault.
3

12. IDENTIFY THE TERM BEING DESCRIBED IN EACH
STATEMENT.
1. It is a government agency which is concerned in monitoring
earthquakes and responsible in information dissemination about
earthquake.
2. These three actions to be done during earthquake.
3. This fault system could cause the occurrence of the Big One
earthquake in our country.
4. Refers to faults where movement of blocks is parallel to the dip of the
fault surface.
5. The uplifted or raised areas while grabens are the down-dropped or
lowered areas.

13. Why is earthquake more
disastrous than volcanic
eruption?