Forceps are a tool that helps separate and hold small things. They are used to grasp and manipulate tiny objects. Forceps can pick up and move small items precisely.
Our eyes allow us to see the world around us through sight. The sense of sight lets us perceive colors, watch movies, read books, and work on computers. Vision is an important sense that we rely on every day to take in information from our environment.
Scientists observe phenomena and ask questions to understand the world around them. They make observations and ask a question about something they want to learn more about.
A measuring cup is used to measure liquids like water. It is used when putting more than just drops of water, such as when a recipe calls for ounces or cups of a liquid. A dropper is used to measure liquids drop by drop and is appropriate for small amounts of liquid measured in drops rather than ounces or cups.
Measuring tapes are used to determine the length or height of objects. They allow you to know how long, tall, or short something is with accuracy. Measuring tapes are essential tools for construction projects and do-it-yourself tasks that require knowing precise dimensions.
Living things eat and drink to grow, breathe air through organs like lungs or gills, and can be distinguished from non-living things by their need for food, water, and air.
Plants are living things that need air, water, nutrients to grow and change over their lifetime, and can produce new plants, as they meet the criteria of living things by needing to take in resources, growing, and reproducing. The document discusses how living things grow and change over their lifetime, then examines if plants meet the characteristics of living things by addressing whether they need air, water, food, can grow and change, and reproduce - determining that plants satisfy all these criteria and are indeed living things.
Our eyes allow us to see the world around us through sight. The sense of sight lets us perceive colors, watch movies, read books, and work on computers. Vision is an important sense that we rely on every day to take in information from our environment.
Scientists observe phenomena and ask questions to understand the world around them. They make observations and ask a question about something they want to learn more about.
A measuring cup is used to measure liquids like water. It is used when putting more than just drops of water, such as when a recipe calls for ounces or cups of a liquid. A dropper is used to measure liquids drop by drop and is appropriate for small amounts of liquid measured in drops rather than ounces or cups.
Measuring tapes are used to determine the length or height of objects. They allow you to know how long, tall, or short something is with accuracy. Measuring tapes are essential tools for construction projects and do-it-yourself tasks that require knowing precise dimensions.
Living things eat and drink to grow, breathe air through organs like lungs or gills, and can be distinguished from non-living things by their need for food, water, and air.
Plants are living things that need air, water, nutrients to grow and change over their lifetime, and can produce new plants, as they meet the criteria of living things by needing to take in resources, growing, and reproducing. The document discusses how living things grow and change over their lifetime, then examines if plants meet the characteristics of living things by addressing whether they need air, water, food, can grow and change, and reproduce - determining that plants satisfy all these criteria and are indeed living things.
Our nose allows us to smell flowers, food, and trash. Smelling can detect pleasant scents like flowers and food, as well as unpleasant scents like trash. Certain strong smells like pepper can even make us sneeze.
The document discusses different parts of plants, including their stems, roots, and leaves. Stems take water and nutrients from the roots up to the rest of the plant. Leaves are described as the "kitchen" of plants, using sunlight and air to photosynthesize and produce their own food through a process that involves water, nutrients from the soil, and inputs from the sun and air. Not all plants have the same root structures or stem thicknesses.
Droppers are used to place drops of liquid into other containers or solutions. They allow for precise amounts of a liquid, often water, to be delivered drop by drop for experiments, medicines, or other uses requiring small amounts of a substance. Droppers provide a simple tool for accurately dispensing and measuring out liquids a drop at a time.
A tool is something that helps people do work. A science tool specifically helps scientists perform their work. Tools in general aid people in various kinds of work.
We use our tongue, which is located in our mouth, to taste different flavors like those found in dinner, spicy foods, sour lemons, and sweet candy. The tongue allows us to experience different tastes.
This document discusses two scientific tools: 1) A magnifying lens, which makes small objects appear larger, and 2) A balance, which is used to measure the weight or mass of objects by comparing them. It also notes that scientists should be careful when working in a lab and wear protective lab coats.
Plants require nutrients from soil, sunlight, space, air, and water to live and grow. They obtain nutrients from the soil and use sunlight, along with carbon dioxide and water, to produce their own food through photosynthesis. Different plants have varying needs for water, with some requiring more water than others to survive.
This document discusses how trees get water and nutrients from soil through their roots, and make their own food through photosynthesis using leaves. It notes that soil provides nutrients and water for plants but is not actually part of the plant, and that roots are underground in the soil, taking in water and nutrients while also anchoring the plant. Some common vegetables like carrots and potatoes are mentioned where we eat the root portion.
They observe a phenomenon and ask a question about it. They make a hypothesis or educated guess to try to explain what is observed. They then design and conduct an experiment to test their hypothesis.
The five senses are sight, smell, touch, taste, and hearing. Each sense is recognized through different organs - sight through the eyes, smell through the nose, touch through the skin, taste through the tongue, and hearing through the ears. The five senses allow us to experience and understand the world around us.
Living things eat and drink to grow, as they need food and water to survive. They can be identified as living because they consume nutrients and liquids. This document discusses how to identify living things based on their need to eat and drink in order to grow.
Thermometers are used to measure temperature and determine whether something is hot or cold. They allow comparisons to be made between different temperatures. A thermometer is needed to know which of two things is hotter.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against developing mental illness and improve symptoms for those who already suffer from conditions like anxiety and depression.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help boost feelings of calmness, happiness and focus.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
Poles are the points on Earth where the axis of rotation meets the surface. The north pole is located in the Arctic and the south pole is located in Antarctica. Magnets have poles that attract or repel other magnets and objects, and a compass needle points north because of Earth's magnetic field and poles.
Our nose allows us to smell flowers, food, and trash. Smelling can detect pleasant scents like flowers and food, as well as unpleasant scents like trash. Certain strong smells like pepper can even make us sneeze.
The document discusses different parts of plants, including their stems, roots, and leaves. Stems take water and nutrients from the roots up to the rest of the plant. Leaves are described as the "kitchen" of plants, using sunlight and air to photosynthesize and produce their own food through a process that involves water, nutrients from the soil, and inputs from the sun and air. Not all plants have the same root structures or stem thicknesses.
Droppers are used to place drops of liquid into other containers or solutions. They allow for precise amounts of a liquid, often water, to be delivered drop by drop for experiments, medicines, or other uses requiring small amounts of a substance. Droppers provide a simple tool for accurately dispensing and measuring out liquids a drop at a time.
A tool is something that helps people do work. A science tool specifically helps scientists perform their work. Tools in general aid people in various kinds of work.
We use our tongue, which is located in our mouth, to taste different flavors like those found in dinner, spicy foods, sour lemons, and sweet candy. The tongue allows us to experience different tastes.
This document discusses two scientific tools: 1) A magnifying lens, which makes small objects appear larger, and 2) A balance, which is used to measure the weight or mass of objects by comparing them. It also notes that scientists should be careful when working in a lab and wear protective lab coats.
Plants require nutrients from soil, sunlight, space, air, and water to live and grow. They obtain nutrients from the soil and use sunlight, along with carbon dioxide and water, to produce their own food through photosynthesis. Different plants have varying needs for water, with some requiring more water than others to survive.
This document discusses how trees get water and nutrients from soil through their roots, and make their own food through photosynthesis using leaves. It notes that soil provides nutrients and water for plants but is not actually part of the plant, and that roots are underground in the soil, taking in water and nutrients while also anchoring the plant. Some common vegetables like carrots and potatoes are mentioned where we eat the root portion.
They observe a phenomenon and ask a question about it. They make a hypothesis or educated guess to try to explain what is observed. They then design and conduct an experiment to test their hypothesis.
The five senses are sight, smell, touch, taste, and hearing. Each sense is recognized through different organs - sight through the eyes, smell through the nose, touch through the skin, taste through the tongue, and hearing through the ears. The five senses allow us to experience and understand the world around us.
Living things eat and drink to grow, as they need food and water to survive. They can be identified as living because they consume nutrients and liquids. This document discusses how to identify living things based on their need to eat and drink in order to grow.
Thermometers are used to measure temperature and determine whether something is hot or cold. They allow comparisons to be made between different temperatures. A thermometer is needed to know which of two things is hotter.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against developing mental illness and improve symptoms for those who already suffer from conditions like anxiety and depression.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help boost feelings of calmness, happiness and focus.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
Poles are the points on Earth where the axis of rotation meets the surface. The north pole is located in the Arctic and the south pole is located in Antarctica. Magnets have poles that attract or repel other magnets and objects, and a compass needle points north because of Earth's magnetic field and poles.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms for those who already suffer from conditions like anxiety and depression.
The flowering plant life cycle begins with a seed that germinates when it receives water and heat, sprouting into a seedling. The seedling grows into an adult plant with roots, stem, leaves, and flowers. Pollen moves between flowers via bees, water, wind, and other animals, fertilizing the flowers and causing them to develop into fruits containing new seeds, completing the cycle to begin anew.
The butterfly goes through distinct life cycle stages of egg, caterpillar, pupa, and adult butterfly. The egg hatches into a caterpillar that eats leaves to grow large, then forms a hard shell called a pupa where it transforms into an adult butterfly, which emerges from the pupa fully formed to complete the cycle.
White-tailed deer have a life cycle where fawns are born and drink milk from their mothers to grow. The fawns then become yearlings after one year, still resembling the mother. Finally, the yearlings mature into adult deer after further growth.
The earth changes slowly through natural processes like moving water, wind, and ice. Moving water and wind can break down and carry away rocks and soil. Ice forms in cracks in rocks when water freezes, and the expansion of freezing water pushes rocks further apart, breaking them down over time.
EWOCS-I: The catalog of X-ray sources in Westerlund 1 from the Extended Weste...Sérgio Sacani
Context. With a mass exceeding several 104 M⊙ and a rich and dense population of massive stars, supermassive young star clusters
represent the most massive star-forming environment that is dominated by the feedback from massive stars and gravitational interactions
among stars.
Aims. In this paper we present the Extended Westerlund 1 and 2 Open Clusters Survey (EWOCS) project, which aims to investigate
the influence of the starburst environment on the formation of stars and planets, and on the evolution of both low and high mass stars.
The primary targets of this project are Westerlund 1 and 2, the closest supermassive star clusters to the Sun.
Methods. The project is based primarily on recent observations conducted with the Chandra and JWST observatories. Specifically,
the Chandra survey of Westerlund 1 consists of 36 new ACIS-I observations, nearly co-pointed, for a total exposure time of 1 Msec.
Additionally, we included 8 archival Chandra/ACIS-S observations. This paper presents the resulting catalog of X-ray sources within
and around Westerlund 1. Sources were detected by combining various existing methods, and photon extraction and source validation
were carried out using the ACIS-Extract software.
Results. The EWOCS X-ray catalog comprises 5963 validated sources out of the 9420 initially provided to ACIS-Extract, reaching a
photon flux threshold of approximately 2 × 10−8 photons cm−2
s
−1
. The X-ray sources exhibit a highly concentrated spatial distribution,
with 1075 sources located within the central 1 arcmin. We have successfully detected X-ray emissions from 126 out of the 166 known
massive stars of the cluster, and we have collected over 71 000 photons from the magnetar CXO J164710.20-455217.
PPT on Direct Seeded Rice presented at the three-day 'Training and Validation Workshop on Modules of Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) Technologies in South Asia' workshop on April 22, 2024.
The binding of cosmological structures by massless topological defectsSérgio Sacani
Assuming spherical symmetry and weak field, it is shown that if one solves the Poisson equation or the Einstein field
equations sourced by a topological defect, i.e. a singularity of a very specific form, the result is a localized gravitational
field capable of driving flat rotation (i.e. Keplerian circular orbits at a constant speed for all radii) of test masses on a thin
spherical shell without any underlying mass. Moreover, a large-scale structure which exploits this solution by assembling
concentrically a number of such topological defects can establish a flat stellar or galactic rotation curve, and can also deflect
light in the same manner as an equipotential (isothermal) sphere. Thus, the need for dark matter or modified gravity theory is
mitigated, at least in part.
hematic appreciation test is a psychological assessment tool used to measure an individual's appreciation and understanding of specific themes or topics. This test helps to evaluate an individual's ability to connect different ideas and concepts within a given theme, as well as their overall comprehension and interpretation skills. The results of the test can provide valuable insights into an individual's cognitive abilities, creativity, and critical thinking skills
The cost of acquiring information by natural selectionCarl Bergstrom
This is a short talk that I gave at the Banff International Research Station workshop on Modeling and Theory in Population Biology. The idea is to try to understand how the burden of natural selection relates to the amount of information that selection puts into the genome.
It's based on the first part of this research paper:
The cost of information acquisition by natural selection
Ryan Seamus McGee, Olivia Kosterlitz, Artem Kaznatcheev, Benjamin Kerr, Carl T. Bergstrom
bioRxiv 2022.07.02.498577; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.07.02.498577
When I was asked to give a companion lecture in support of ‘The Philosophy of Science’ (https://shorturl.at/4pUXz) I decided not to walk through the detail of the many methodologies in order of use. Instead, I chose to employ a long standing, and ongoing, scientific development as an exemplar. And so, I chose the ever evolving story of Thermodynamics as a scientific investigation at its best.
Conducted over a period of >200 years, Thermodynamics R&D, and application, benefitted from the highest levels of professionalism, collaboration, and technical thoroughness. New layers of application, methodology, and practice were made possible by the progressive advance of technology. In turn, this has seen measurement and modelling accuracy continually improved at a micro and macro level.
Perhaps most importantly, Thermodynamics rapidly became a primary tool in the advance of applied science/engineering/technology, spanning micro-tech, to aerospace and cosmology. I can think of no better a story to illustrate the breadth of scientific methodologies and applications at their best.
ESR spectroscopy in liquid food and beverages.pptxPRIYANKA PATEL
With increasing population, people need to rely on packaged food stuffs. Packaging of food materials requires the preservation of food. There are various methods for the treatment of food to preserve them and irradiation treatment of food is one of them. It is the most common and the most harmless method for the food preservation as it does not alter the necessary micronutrients of food materials. Although irradiated food doesn’t cause any harm to the human health but still the quality assessment of food is required to provide consumers with necessary information about the food. ESR spectroscopy is the most sophisticated way to investigate the quality of the food and the free radicals induced during the processing of the food. ESR spin trapping technique is useful for the detection of highly unstable radicals in the food. The antioxidant capability of liquid food and beverages in mainly performed by spin trapping technique.