The document discusses four stages of social movements: emergence, coalescence, bureaucratization, and decline. Social movements emerge due to persistent social problems, consensus around injustice, and failure of change mechanisms. The stages are described as emergence, popular stage, formalization, and decline through repression, co-optation, success, failure or alignment with mainstream. Later sections discuss how social media enabled citizen journalism in the Oscar Grant case and Egyptian revolution, and how these relate to the four stages model and other revolution factors like economic issues.

1. Globalization and Culture
Spring 2015
Week 2
January 28, 2015

2. Four Stages of Social Movements
What is a social movement?

3. Four Stages of Social Movements
What is a social movement?
“Social movements, then, can be thought of
as organized yet informal social entities that
are engaged in extra-institutional conflict that
is oriented towards a goal. These goals can
be either aimed at a specific and narrow
policy or be more broadly aimed at cultural
change.” (Christiansen, page 2)

4. Four Stages of Social Movements
Why do social movements emerge?

5. Four Stages of Social Movements
Why do social movements emerge?
● persistence of social problems or inequalities
● emerging consensus that these problems or
inequalities are unjust
● failure of available mechanisms to produce
change

6. Four Stages of Social Movements
According to the article, what are the four
stages of social movements?

7. Four Stages of Social Movements
According to the article, what are the four
stages of social movements?
1. Emergence
2. Coalescence (or popular stage)
3. Bureaucratization (or formalization)
4. Decline

8. Four Stages of Social Movements
Forms of Decline
● Repression
● Co-optation
● Success
● Failure
● Alignment with Mainstream

9. Four Stages of Social Movements
Why might we want to focus on social
movements in a class on globalization and
culture?

10. Social Movements and Social Media:
Oscar Grant and the Egyptian Revolution
In their article on the killing of Oscar Grant,
Antony and Thomas contrast the media as
“watchdog” with the media as
“guard dog.”
What do they mean with these
two terms, and what argument
are they making about the
mainstream media today?

11. Social Movements and Social Media:
Oscar Grant and the Egyptian Revolution
Antony and Thomas argue
that mainstream media play
a key role in setting the
agenda of public attention.
They note that mainstream
media most often holds up
the interests of those in
power, and dismisses or
vilifies activists and social
movements.

12. Social Movements and Social Media:
Oscar Grant and the Egyptian Revolution
What, according to Antony and Thomas, is
“citizen journalism” and what does it have to do
with social media?

13. Social Movements and Social Media:
Oscar Grant and the Egyptian Revolution
What, according to Antony and Thomas, is
“citizen journalism” and what does it have to do
with social media?
Describe the Oscar Grant case and how
Antony and Thomas analyze it.

14. Social Movements and Social Media:
Oscar Grant and the Egyptian Revolution
How does the article about the Egyptian
Revolution (by Eltantawy and Wiest) relate to
the Antony and Thomas article?

15. Social Movements and Social Media:
Oscar Grant and the Egyptian Revolution
How does the article about the Egyptian
Revolution (by Eltantawy and Wiest) relate to
the Antony and Thomas article?
How does it relate to Christiansen’s analysis of
the four stages of social movements?

16. Social Movements and Social Media:
Oscar Grant and the Egyptian Revolution
Eltantawy and Wiest note that social media
alone did not make the revolution in Egypt.
What other factors played a role?

17. Neo-colonialism
Based on the chapter by Kwame Nkrumah:
1. What are the differences between traditional
colonialism and neo-colonialism?
2. In what ways are they the same?
3. What is the view of “share-the-wealth”
solutions in the quote on page 6? What do
you think of this?