SlideShare a Scribd company logo
Hypothesis
By
S.K.Kataria
Meaning and Definition
 Hypothesis is the pre -thought or primary idea on which any reassert work is based or to be
conducted.
 In general, hypo means below or sub, and thesis is research work. This word is derived from
Latin term hupothesis which gives the meaning of ‘to put under’ or ‘to suppose’.
 As per Merriam Webster Dictionary a hypothesis is-
 - an assumption or concession made for the sake of argument,
 -an interpretation of a practical situation or condition taken as the ground for action,
 -a tentative assumption made in order to draw out and test its logical or empirical
consequences,
 - the antecedent clause of a conditional statement .
Actually every hypothesis is a suggestive answer to the problem identified( topic of
research ).
Types
The six most common forms of hypotheses are-
 Simple Hypothesis
 Complex Hypothesis
 Empirical Hypothesis
 Null Hypothesis (Denoted by Ho)
 Alternative Hypothesis (Denoted by H1)
 Logical Hypothesis
 Statistical Hypothesis.
 --and many other types as per need and nature of field of study e.g.-impure and
original, working(narrative), substantive, universal, existential, alternative
hypothesis etc.
Sources
Following are the main sources of hypothesis-
 Personal Experience
 Imagination & Thinking
 Observation
 Scientific Theory
 Previous Study
 Culture, folk wisdom, current beliefs and practices
 Analogy
 Surveys, policies, decisions, public opinions, previous researches etc.
Dimensions and Features
Johan Galtung has identified following dimensions( to be kept in mind) of a
hypothesis-
1.Genertality
2.Complexity
3.Specificity
4.Determenancy
5.Falsifiability
6.Testability
7.Predictability
8.Communicability
9.Reproductibility
10.Reliability.
Precautions
Goode and Hatt have identified the following characteristics of a Hypothesis
A. Clarity
B. Empiricism
C. Specificity
D. Related to available techniques
E. Related to theories.
Every hypothesis must concern with three elements i.e.- unit of research,
variables and values.
Books and Questions
 Very short answer /
Define hypothesis/null hypothesis/variables/theory.
 Short answer /
Explain sources of hypothesis/ dimension or characteristics / need of hypothesis.
 Long answer
Describe various types of hypothesis use in social sciences research.
 Books and further reading has already been mentioned in earlier material.

More Related Content

Similar to 31_Hypotheisis.ppt

Hypothesis
HypothesisHypothesis
Hypothesis
Shivaji Shinde
 
Types of hypothesis
Types of hypothesisTypes of hypothesis
Types of hypothesis
AbilashSundar
 
Lecture 4
Lecture 4Lecture 4
Lecture 4
Roman Plokhikh
 
Developing hypothesis and research questions
Developing hypothesis and research questionsDeveloping hypothesis and research questions
Developing hypothesis and research questions
Mahendra Kumar Ghadoliya
 
Hypothetico-deductive method in Science
Hypothetico-deductive method in ScienceHypothetico-deductive method in Science
Hypothetico-deductive method in Science
garimatandon10
 
Hypothesis - I.pptx Reasearch hyposthesis
Hypothesis - I.pptx Reasearch hyposthesisHypothesis - I.pptx Reasearch hyposthesis
Hypothesis - I.pptx Reasearch hyposthesis
RAJESHKUMAR428748
 
Hypothesis
HypothesisHypothesis
Hypothesis
Saad Farooqi
 
Role of theory in research
Role of theory in researchRole of theory in research
Role of theory in research
Aman Qureshi
 
Contextual practice2033
Contextual practice2033Contextual practice2033
Contextual practice2033
Kulu Studio
 
Hypothesis
HypothesisHypothesis
Hypothesis
mercy rani
 
Research Methods - v2.0
Research Methods - v2.0Research Methods - v2.0
Research Methods - v2.0
Damian T. Gordon
 
Hypothesis
HypothesisHypothesis
What is a theory
What is a theoryWhat is a theory
What is a theory
Regent University
 
Logic is the process of using arguments to arrive at the truth or falsity of ...
Logic is the process of using arguments to arrive at the truth or falsity of ...Logic is the process of using arguments to arrive at the truth or falsity of ...
Logic is the process of using arguments to arrive at the truth or falsity of ...
solomon ayano
 
Introduction to Logic
Introduction to LogicIntroduction to Logic
Introduction to Logic
Shahi Raz Akhtar
 
Talking Theory
Talking TheoryTalking Theory
Talking Theory
Colin Smith-Clark
 
Research Methodology
Research Methodology  Research Methodology
Research Methodology
Aviation Institute of Management
 
Hypothesis
HypothesisHypothesis
Hypothesis
DHUTNYRTUNG
 
Research philosophy by zewde alemayehu tilahun
Research philosophy by zewde alemayehu tilahunResearch philosophy by zewde alemayehu tilahun
Research philosophy by zewde alemayehu tilahun
zewde alemayehu
 
Research Hypothesis Report.pptx
Research Hypothesis Report.pptxResearch Hypothesis Report.pptx
Research Hypothesis Report.pptx
Reavilla1
 

Similar to 31_Hypotheisis.ppt (20)

Hypothesis
HypothesisHypothesis
Hypothesis
 
Types of hypothesis
Types of hypothesisTypes of hypothesis
Types of hypothesis
 
Lecture 4
Lecture 4Lecture 4
Lecture 4
 
Developing hypothesis and research questions
Developing hypothesis and research questionsDeveloping hypothesis and research questions
Developing hypothesis and research questions
 
Hypothetico-deductive method in Science
Hypothetico-deductive method in ScienceHypothetico-deductive method in Science
Hypothetico-deductive method in Science
 
Hypothesis - I.pptx Reasearch hyposthesis
Hypothesis - I.pptx Reasearch hyposthesisHypothesis - I.pptx Reasearch hyposthesis
Hypothesis - I.pptx Reasearch hyposthesis
 
Hypothesis
HypothesisHypothesis
Hypothesis
 
Role of theory in research
Role of theory in researchRole of theory in research
Role of theory in research
 
Contextual practice2033
Contextual practice2033Contextual practice2033
Contextual practice2033
 
Hypothesis
HypothesisHypothesis
Hypothesis
 
Research Methods - v2.0
Research Methods - v2.0Research Methods - v2.0
Research Methods - v2.0
 
Hypothesis
HypothesisHypothesis
Hypothesis
 
What is a theory
What is a theoryWhat is a theory
What is a theory
 
Logic is the process of using arguments to arrive at the truth or falsity of ...
Logic is the process of using arguments to arrive at the truth or falsity of ...Logic is the process of using arguments to arrive at the truth or falsity of ...
Logic is the process of using arguments to arrive at the truth or falsity of ...
 
Introduction to Logic
Introduction to LogicIntroduction to Logic
Introduction to Logic
 
Talking Theory
Talking TheoryTalking Theory
Talking Theory
 
Research Methodology
Research Methodology  Research Methodology
Research Methodology
 
Hypothesis
HypothesisHypothesis
Hypothesis
 
Research philosophy by zewde alemayehu tilahun
Research philosophy by zewde alemayehu tilahunResearch philosophy by zewde alemayehu tilahun
Research philosophy by zewde alemayehu tilahun
 
Research Hypothesis Report.pptx
Research Hypothesis Report.pptxResearch Hypothesis Report.pptx
Research Hypothesis Report.pptx
 

Recently uploaded

DSSML24_tspann_CodelessGenerativeAIPipelines
DSSML24_tspann_CodelessGenerativeAIPipelinesDSSML24_tspann_CodelessGenerativeAIPipelines
DSSML24_tspann_CodelessGenerativeAIPipelines
Timothy Spann
 
The Building Blocks of QuestDB, a Time Series Database
The Building Blocks of QuestDB, a Time Series DatabaseThe Building Blocks of QuestDB, a Time Series Database
The Building Blocks of QuestDB, a Time Series Database
javier ramirez
 
一比一原版(GWU,GW文凭证书)乔治·华盛顿大学毕业证如何办理
一比一原版(GWU,GW文凭证书)乔治·华盛顿大学毕业证如何办理一比一原版(GWU,GW文凭证书)乔治·华盛顿大学毕业证如何办理
一比一原版(GWU,GW文凭证书)乔治·华盛顿大学毕业证如何办理
bopyb
 
原版一比一利兹贝克特大学毕业证(LeedsBeckett毕业证书)如何办理
原版一比一利兹贝克特大学毕业证(LeedsBeckett毕业证书)如何办理原版一比一利兹贝克特大学毕业证(LeedsBeckett毕业证书)如何办理
原版一比一利兹贝克特大学毕业证(LeedsBeckett毕业证书)如何办理
wyddcwye1
 
Intelligence supported media monitoring in veterinary medicine
Intelligence supported media monitoring in veterinary medicineIntelligence supported media monitoring in veterinary medicine
Intelligence supported media monitoring in veterinary medicine
AndrzejJarynowski
 
Open Source Contributions to Postgres: The Basics POSETTE 2024
Open Source Contributions to Postgres: The Basics POSETTE 2024Open Source Contributions to Postgres: The Basics POSETTE 2024
Open Source Contributions to Postgres: The Basics POSETTE 2024
ElizabethGarrettChri
 
Udemy_2024_Global_Learning_Skills_Trends_Report (1).pdf
Udemy_2024_Global_Learning_Skills_Trends_Report (1).pdfUdemy_2024_Global_Learning_Skills_Trends_Report (1).pdf
Udemy_2024_Global_Learning_Skills_Trends_Report (1).pdf
Fernanda Palhano
 
在线办理(英国UCA毕业证书)创意艺术大学毕业证在读证明一模一样
在线办理(英国UCA毕业证书)创意艺术大学毕业证在读证明一模一样在线办理(英国UCA毕业证书)创意艺术大学毕业证在读证明一模一样
在线办理(英国UCA毕业证书)创意艺术大学毕业证在读证明一模一样
v7oacc3l
 
End-to-end pipeline agility - Berlin Buzzwords 2024
End-to-end pipeline agility - Berlin Buzzwords 2024End-to-end pipeline agility - Berlin Buzzwords 2024
End-to-end pipeline agility - Berlin Buzzwords 2024
Lars Albertsson
 
Everything you wanted to know about LIHTC
Everything you wanted to know about LIHTCEverything you wanted to know about LIHTC
Everything you wanted to know about LIHTC
Roger Valdez
 
The Ipsos - AI - Monitor 2024 Report.pdf
The  Ipsos - AI - Monitor 2024 Report.pdfThe  Ipsos - AI - Monitor 2024 Report.pdf
The Ipsos - AI - Monitor 2024 Report.pdf
Social Samosa
 
Learn SQL from basic queries to Advance queries
Learn SQL from basic queries to Advance queriesLearn SQL from basic queries to Advance queries
Learn SQL from basic queries to Advance queries
manishkhaire30
 
办(uts毕业证书)悉尼科技大学毕业证学历证书原版一模一样
办(uts毕业证书)悉尼科技大学毕业证学历证书原版一模一样办(uts毕业证书)悉尼科技大学毕业证学历证书原版一模一样
办(uts毕业证书)悉尼科技大学毕业证学历证书原版一模一样
apvysm8
 
Experts live - Improving user adoption with AI
Experts live - Improving user adoption with AIExperts live - Improving user adoption with AI
Experts live - Improving user adoption with AI
jitskeb
 
A presentation that explain the Power BI Licensing
A presentation that explain the Power BI LicensingA presentation that explain the Power BI Licensing
A presentation that explain the Power BI Licensing
AlessioFois2
 
一比一原版(UO毕业证)渥太华大学毕业证如何办理
一比一原版(UO毕业证)渥太华大学毕业证如何办理一比一原版(UO毕业证)渥太华大学毕业证如何办理
一比一原版(UO毕业证)渥太华大学毕业证如何办理
aqzctr7x
 
一比一原版(Unimelb毕业证书)墨尔本大学毕业证如何办理
一比一原版(Unimelb毕业证书)墨尔本大学毕业证如何办理一比一原版(Unimelb毕业证书)墨尔本大学毕业证如何办理
一比一原版(Unimelb毕业证书)墨尔本大学毕业证如何办理
xclpvhuk
 
4th Modern Marketing Reckoner by MMA Global India & Group M: 60+ experts on W...
4th Modern Marketing Reckoner by MMA Global India & Group M: 60+ experts on W...4th Modern Marketing Reckoner by MMA Global India & Group M: 60+ experts on W...
4th Modern Marketing Reckoner by MMA Global India & Group M: 60+ experts on W...
Social Samosa
 
一比一原版(UCSF文凭证书)旧金山分校毕业证如何办理
一比一原版(UCSF文凭证书)旧金山分校毕业证如何办理一比一原版(UCSF文凭证书)旧金山分校毕业证如何办理
一比一原版(UCSF文凭证书)旧金山分校毕业证如何办理
nuttdpt
 
Predictably Improve Your B2B Tech Company's Performance by Leveraging Data
Predictably Improve Your B2B Tech Company's Performance by Leveraging DataPredictably Improve Your B2B Tech Company's Performance by Leveraging Data
Predictably Improve Your B2B Tech Company's Performance by Leveraging Data
Kiwi Creative
 

Recently uploaded (20)

DSSML24_tspann_CodelessGenerativeAIPipelines
DSSML24_tspann_CodelessGenerativeAIPipelinesDSSML24_tspann_CodelessGenerativeAIPipelines
DSSML24_tspann_CodelessGenerativeAIPipelines
 
The Building Blocks of QuestDB, a Time Series Database
The Building Blocks of QuestDB, a Time Series DatabaseThe Building Blocks of QuestDB, a Time Series Database
The Building Blocks of QuestDB, a Time Series Database
 
一比一原版(GWU,GW文凭证书)乔治·华盛顿大学毕业证如何办理
一比一原版(GWU,GW文凭证书)乔治·华盛顿大学毕业证如何办理一比一原版(GWU,GW文凭证书)乔治·华盛顿大学毕业证如何办理
一比一原版(GWU,GW文凭证书)乔治·华盛顿大学毕业证如何办理
 
原版一比一利兹贝克特大学毕业证(LeedsBeckett毕业证书)如何办理
原版一比一利兹贝克特大学毕业证(LeedsBeckett毕业证书)如何办理原版一比一利兹贝克特大学毕业证(LeedsBeckett毕业证书)如何办理
原版一比一利兹贝克特大学毕业证(LeedsBeckett毕业证书)如何办理
 
Intelligence supported media monitoring in veterinary medicine
Intelligence supported media monitoring in veterinary medicineIntelligence supported media monitoring in veterinary medicine
Intelligence supported media monitoring in veterinary medicine
 
Open Source Contributions to Postgres: The Basics POSETTE 2024
Open Source Contributions to Postgres: The Basics POSETTE 2024Open Source Contributions to Postgres: The Basics POSETTE 2024
Open Source Contributions to Postgres: The Basics POSETTE 2024
 
Udemy_2024_Global_Learning_Skills_Trends_Report (1).pdf
Udemy_2024_Global_Learning_Skills_Trends_Report (1).pdfUdemy_2024_Global_Learning_Skills_Trends_Report (1).pdf
Udemy_2024_Global_Learning_Skills_Trends_Report (1).pdf
 
在线办理(英国UCA毕业证书)创意艺术大学毕业证在读证明一模一样
在线办理(英国UCA毕业证书)创意艺术大学毕业证在读证明一模一样在线办理(英国UCA毕业证书)创意艺术大学毕业证在读证明一模一样
在线办理(英国UCA毕业证书)创意艺术大学毕业证在读证明一模一样
 
End-to-end pipeline agility - Berlin Buzzwords 2024
End-to-end pipeline agility - Berlin Buzzwords 2024End-to-end pipeline agility - Berlin Buzzwords 2024
End-to-end pipeline agility - Berlin Buzzwords 2024
 
Everything you wanted to know about LIHTC
Everything you wanted to know about LIHTCEverything you wanted to know about LIHTC
Everything you wanted to know about LIHTC
 
The Ipsos - AI - Monitor 2024 Report.pdf
The  Ipsos - AI - Monitor 2024 Report.pdfThe  Ipsos - AI - Monitor 2024 Report.pdf
The Ipsos - AI - Monitor 2024 Report.pdf
 
Learn SQL from basic queries to Advance queries
Learn SQL from basic queries to Advance queriesLearn SQL from basic queries to Advance queries
Learn SQL from basic queries to Advance queries
 
办(uts毕业证书)悉尼科技大学毕业证学历证书原版一模一样
办(uts毕业证书)悉尼科技大学毕业证学历证书原版一模一样办(uts毕业证书)悉尼科技大学毕业证学历证书原版一模一样
办(uts毕业证书)悉尼科技大学毕业证学历证书原版一模一样
 
Experts live - Improving user adoption with AI
Experts live - Improving user adoption with AIExperts live - Improving user adoption with AI
Experts live - Improving user adoption with AI
 
A presentation that explain the Power BI Licensing
A presentation that explain the Power BI LicensingA presentation that explain the Power BI Licensing
A presentation that explain the Power BI Licensing
 
一比一原版(UO毕业证)渥太华大学毕业证如何办理
一比一原版(UO毕业证)渥太华大学毕业证如何办理一比一原版(UO毕业证)渥太华大学毕业证如何办理
一比一原版(UO毕业证)渥太华大学毕业证如何办理
 
一比一原版(Unimelb毕业证书)墨尔本大学毕业证如何办理
一比一原版(Unimelb毕业证书)墨尔本大学毕业证如何办理一比一原版(Unimelb毕业证书)墨尔本大学毕业证如何办理
一比一原版(Unimelb毕业证书)墨尔本大学毕业证如何办理
 
4th Modern Marketing Reckoner by MMA Global India & Group M: 60+ experts on W...
4th Modern Marketing Reckoner by MMA Global India & Group M: 60+ experts on W...4th Modern Marketing Reckoner by MMA Global India & Group M: 60+ experts on W...
4th Modern Marketing Reckoner by MMA Global India & Group M: 60+ experts on W...
 
一比一原版(UCSF文凭证书)旧金山分校毕业证如何办理
一比一原版(UCSF文凭证书)旧金山分校毕业证如何办理一比一原版(UCSF文凭证书)旧金山分校毕业证如何办理
一比一原版(UCSF文凭证书)旧金山分校毕业证如何办理
 
Predictably Improve Your B2B Tech Company's Performance by Leveraging Data
Predictably Improve Your B2B Tech Company's Performance by Leveraging DataPredictably Improve Your B2B Tech Company's Performance by Leveraging Data
Predictably Improve Your B2B Tech Company's Performance by Leveraging Data
 

31_Hypotheisis.ppt

  • 2. Meaning and Definition  Hypothesis is the pre -thought or primary idea on which any reassert work is based or to be conducted.  In general, hypo means below or sub, and thesis is research work. This word is derived from Latin term hupothesis which gives the meaning of ‘to put under’ or ‘to suppose’.  As per Merriam Webster Dictionary a hypothesis is-  - an assumption or concession made for the sake of argument,  -an interpretation of a practical situation or condition taken as the ground for action,  -a tentative assumption made in order to draw out and test its logical or empirical consequences,  - the antecedent clause of a conditional statement . Actually every hypothesis is a suggestive answer to the problem identified( topic of research ).
  • 3. Types The six most common forms of hypotheses are-  Simple Hypothesis  Complex Hypothesis  Empirical Hypothesis  Null Hypothesis (Denoted by Ho)  Alternative Hypothesis (Denoted by H1)  Logical Hypothesis  Statistical Hypothesis.  --and many other types as per need and nature of field of study e.g.-impure and original, working(narrative), substantive, universal, existential, alternative hypothesis etc.
  • 4. Sources Following are the main sources of hypothesis-  Personal Experience  Imagination & Thinking  Observation  Scientific Theory  Previous Study  Culture, folk wisdom, current beliefs and practices  Analogy  Surveys, policies, decisions, public opinions, previous researches etc.
  • 5. Dimensions and Features Johan Galtung has identified following dimensions( to be kept in mind) of a hypothesis- 1.Genertality 2.Complexity 3.Specificity 4.Determenancy 5.Falsifiability 6.Testability 7.Predictability 8.Communicability 9.Reproductibility 10.Reliability.
  • 6. Precautions Goode and Hatt have identified the following characteristics of a Hypothesis A. Clarity B. Empiricism C. Specificity D. Related to available techniques E. Related to theories. Every hypothesis must concern with three elements i.e.- unit of research, variables and values.
  • 7. Books and Questions  Very short answer / Define hypothesis/null hypothesis/variables/theory.  Short answer / Explain sources of hypothesis/ dimension or characteristics / need of hypothesis.  Long answer Describe various types of hypothesis use in social sciences research.  Books and further reading has already been mentioned in earlier material.