Trafodion is a transactional SQL engine that runs on HBase. It provides a relational schema and SQL interface for HBase and adds features like ACID transactions, secondary indexes, and complex queries. Trafodion translates SQL queries into operations on HBase tables, optimizing for performance on large datasets. It supports standard SQL constructs and allows applications to leverage the scalability and flexibility of HBase through a familiar SQL interface.

1. Trafodion
Transactional SQL-on-HBase
Trafodion Technology Look
www.trafodion.org
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2. Trafodion – Software architecture (3 layers)
Driver
JDBC ODBC
User and ISV
Operational Applications
Client
SQL
Database Connectivity
CMP Master
Storage
Engine
*ESP
. . . .
Future
DTM ESP
HP © Copyright 2014 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. The information contained herein is subject 2 to change without notice.
WMS
Compiler and Optimizer Workload Management
Distributed SQL Parallelism
Transaction
Management
HBase
Relational
Schema
Trafodion
Tables
HDFS
Data Store
HBase Integration
Native HBase
Tables KVS,
Columnar via
HBase API +
coprocessors
Hive
Direct HDFS access
to Hive tables using
HCatalog
*Executor Server
Process

3. Optimized for varying operational workloads
• Optimized performance and efficiency
– OLT optimization for directed keyed
access
– ESPs for parallel SQL operations
– Multi-layered ESP for complex plans
– Data Flow pipeline parallel architecture
– Reusable Masters and ESPs for
efficiency
• Cached SQL plans eliminates
recompilation
• Sophisticated Optimizer
– Leverages Equal Height Histograms
– Pushes down
• Filters e.g. row selection (start-stop key)
• Coprocessors e.g. aggregates
• Multi-Dimensional Access (MDAM)
– Secondary index access
• Service persistence (via Zookeeper)
Ethernet
Master
Master
Type 2 and Type
4 ODBC/JDBC
driver
ESP ESP ESP ESP ESP
ESP ESP ESP ESP ESP
HBase HBase HBase FILTERS
COPROCESSORS
HP © Copyright 2014 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. The information contained herein is subject 3 to change without notice.
and automatic query resubmission
Client Application
Node 1 Node 2 Node n
HDFS
HDFS HDFS HDFS HDFS

4. Trafodion – Differences with HBase
Trafodion + HBase
Data abstraction Relational schema
Physical Layout Single column family with space-saving column encoding
Column values Explicitly defined and enforced data types
ACID Guarantee Transactions across multiple SQL statements, tables, and
rows
Language API SQL (Trafodian invokes native HBase API)
Row Key Index Composite (multi-column) row key
Secondary
Arbitrary secondary key columns
Indexes
Salting Allows specification of salt key-prefix for load balancing
HP © Copyright 2014 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. The information contained herein is subject 4 to change without notice.

5. Comprehensive DDL, DML, TCL, and utility
support • ANSI Core SQL 99 complaint + other SQL 99 and SQL 2003 support with Trafodion
extensions
• Full featured DDL - CREATE/DROP/ALTER statements for tables, views, indexes,
constraints
– Comprehensive data type support - numeric, character, varchar, date, time, interval
– Unicode encoding including UTF8, UCS2, and ISO8859-1for user data; UTF8 for metadata
• Full featured DML – SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, UPSERT and MERGE
statements
– JOIN (INNER, LEFT/RIGHT/FULL OUTER), UNION, WHERE, GROUP BY, HAVING, ORDER BY,
SAMPLING, etc.
– Correlated and nested sub-queries
– Cursor support (non-holdable)
– Extensive SQL function support - aggregate, date/time, character, mathematical, OLAP, sequence,
etc.
• Utilities – Update Statistics, Explain, Control Query Shape, Command Line Interface
5 HP © Copyright 2014 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. The information contained herein is subject to change without notice.
• Transaction Control – BEGIN WORK, COMMIT WORK, ROLLBACK WORK, SET
TRANSACTION

6. See for yourself…
Come discover and develop on Trafodion
www.trafodion.org
HP © Copyright 2014 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. The information contained herein is subject 6 to change without notice.