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2.pptx
1.
2. OPENING PRAYER
Lord God of all wisdom
We pray for the La Consolacion University
Philippines that she may be faithful to the
purpose of our foundresess, continue to
promote the search for the truth and
knowledge and be an inspiration for others to
follow.
May we be a community of scholars sharing
this ambition, caring for one another and loyal
to the truth revealed to us as your disciples.
AMEN.
Senior High School Faculty - Basic Education Department
3. REMINDERS:
1. Upon entering the meeting, kindly turn on
your camera and mute your microphone.
2. Use the chat box to raise question/ inquiries
or in calling the attention of the teacher.
3. Do not take a screenshot of a any slides or
your classmates.
4. Make sure you are in your comfortable in your
place.
5. Listen attentively and participate actively.
10. LEARNING OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lesson, students should be
able to:
Recall the
definitions of
major
categories of
rocks
1 2 3
Explain
the
meaning
of rock
cycle
Differentiate
rocks and
minerals
11. MINERALS
○ Building blocks of
rocks
○ Inorganic
○ Crystalline substance
■ Displays a specific,
repeated, 3-D
structure at the
molecular level
15. ■ Cleavage
• allows it to break
smoothly along
specific internal planes
(called cleavage
planes)
Physical Property
16. ■ Fracture
• breaking in a more or
less random pattern
with no smooth planar
surfaces.
• can be described
as conchoidal, rough,
smooth, or fibrous.
Physical Property
17. ■ Shape of Crystal/
Crystal Form
• geometric shape of
mineral crystals
Physical Property
18. ○ Categorized into groups
based on chemical
composition
○ Elements that combine
readily with other
elements
■ Silicon, oxygen, and
carbon
■ Most common mineral
groups are silicates,
oxides, and carbonates
■ Most common are
Silicates
Most common elements
in earth’s crust
19. ○ Most common mineral groups
Silicates
silicon (Si) and oxygen (O), the two most
abundant elements in the earth’s crust.
20. ○ Most common mineral groups
Carbonates
carbonate (CO3), a combination of carbon and
oxygen, combined with other elements.
21. ○ Most common mineral groups
Oxides
Oxide minerals are made up of oxygen
and one or more metals
22. ○ Most common mineral groups
Sulfides
are minerals whose chemical elements
include sulfur bonded to a metal ion
23. ○ Most common mineral groups
Native Elements
Minerals made of single element
29. ○ Molten rock material
cools and solidifies
○ Magma (below
surface)
○ Lava (at surface)
○ Two major categories
of Igneous:
■ Extrusive
■ intrusive
Igneous rocks
30. Two (2) major categories of igneous rocks
INTRUSIVE ROCKS
EXTRUSIVE ROCKS
○ molten magma
solidifies (freezes)
○ slow cooling that occurs
there allows large crystals
to form.
○ Erupt on to the surface
(solidifies at the surfsce)
○ cool quickly to form
small crystals.
32. ○ Accumulated sediment
○ Sediments are
compactedand
cemented together.
○ water and air attack
rocks of all kinds at
Earth’s surface through
the process called
weathering
Sedimentary rocks
33. ○ Clastic - made up of pieces (clasts) of pre-existing rocks.
○ Chemical –dissolved materials precipitate from solution
○ Organic - accumulation of plant or animal debris.
Major categories of sedimentary rocks
34. ⚫Stratification
The layering that occurs in most sedimentary rocks and in those
igneous rocks formed at the Earth's surface, as from lava flows and
volcanic fragmental deposits.
⚫Strata
A layer or a series of layers of rock in the ground.
⚫Bedding planes
The surface that separates each successive layer of a stratified rock
from its preceding layer
⚫Unconformity
Surface separating two rock masses or strata of different ages
Sedimentary rocks
35. ○ Changes form due to enormous heat and
pressure
Metamorphic rocks
36. ○ Foliated
○ Has layers
○ Ex. Slate,
Schist, Gneiss
Metamorphic rocks
○ Non -
Foliated
○ No layers
○ Ex. Marble,
quartzite
and hornfels
38. Using a concept map generalize the topic
about rock and minerals
Generalization
Rocks and Minerals
Three (3) Classification of rocks
Igneous Metamorphic
Sedimentary