2 Name: Instructor: Course: Date: Institution Affiliation: Governmental funds are used to report the accounting records of the government. The government uses the statement of financial position and the operating statements to report to the tax payers. This is because most of the government finances are received from the taxes paid by the taxpayers and the government thus owes a responsibility to the taxpayers of accountability. The financial statements are comprised of the balance sheet and statement of operations which include all the revenues, expenditure and changes in the fund balances. Prepaid items and inventories are reported as assets during their purchase. The expenditures are deferred in their recognition till the period in which the assets are consumed or used. The government fund generally focuses on the primary sources, uses and balances of current financial resources in a budget. The government fund includes the following: · General fund · Special revenue funds · Capital projects funds · Debt service funds · Permanent funds Proprietary funds involve the different sectors that a government is divided into for instance state governments. The proprietary funds account are presented by the statement of net position, the cash flows and also the statement of operating expenditures, incomes or revenues and changes in the net position. Individual proprietary funds should be recorded in separate columns. Proprietary funds include enterprise funds and internal service funds. The function of these enterprises is to provide goods and services to the general public at a fee. Internal service funds account for goods and services provided by one department to another department of the governmental unit on a cost-reimbursement basis. Fiduciary funds are used to account for the assets held in trust by the government for the benefit of the different government departments or entities or individuals. For instance the employees receiving their retirement benefits is an example of the fiduciary fund held by the government. The fiduciary fund includes: · Agency funds the agency fund involve the receipt, temporary investment and remittance of the fiduciary resources to their specifics, be they individuals, private governments, or other governments. The statement of net position requires that assets be equal to the liabilities. The statement of the changes in assets and liabilities reports the beginning balances, additions, deductions and ending balances. · Pension and other employee benefit trust funds the division is required to hold and report the resources which are held in trust for the beneficiaries of pension plans, contribution plans, postemployment benefit plans, or other employee benefit plans. The requirements of the accounting of the different pension fund are stipulated in the GAAP and require maintaining of separate distinct accounts for the different entities. · External investment trust funds it requires the reporting of ...