These are all of the presentations shown at our second BuildUpon Workshop on the 25th of May at Wood Quay Venue.

1. Co-Creating Ireland’s National
Renovation Strategy – V.2
Dublin, 25th May 2016

2. Pat Barry
Executive Director - IGBC
#BuildUpon

3. Pat Barry
Executive Director - IGBC
#BuildUpon

4. #BuildUpon

5. Agenda
09.30 Session 1 – Setting the Scene
10.50 Coffee Break
11.15 Session 2 – Tackling the Awareness Issue
01.00 Lunch Break
02.00 Session 3 – Making Deep Renovation Painless
03.15 Coffee Break
03.40 Session 4 – Tacking the Tenants – Owners Dilemma
05.10 Closing Session
05.20 Event Ends
#BuildUpon

6. 6
(2013-2016)
Build Upon - Setting the Scene
25th May 2016
Michael Hanratty, Energy Action Ltd
"The sole responsibility for the content of this presentation lies with the authors. It does not represent the opinion of the
Community. The European Commission is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained therein."

7. 7
EPISCOPE (2013 -2016): Key Elements
1. New TABULA typology brochures (2014)
2. Pilot Action for Northside of Dublin:
– Establish current energy efficiency status of
housing stocks
– track annual trends
– project to 2020, 2030 and 2050
3. Develop Common Energy Performance
Indicators (EPIs) for building stock
monitoring

8. 8
IEE EPISCOPE Project (2013-2016)
 EPISCOPE includes Pilot Actions in 16 Member States to track the
refurbishment of housing stocks (local and national)
 3 Questions:
– So, what proportion of the housing stock has been refurbished
to date?
– And, what proportion of dwellings are getting energy upgrade
works done each year?
– If we are going to miss 2020/ 2030 targets, what policy steps or
interventions can be taken to close the gap?

9. 9
EPISCOPE Pilot Action: Northside of Dublin City
 Pilot Action Area data:
– Population: 307,000
– 134,000 dwellings
– 1,242 Small Areas (50-200 dwellings. Lowest level for compilation of
statistics in line with data protection. Must nest within Electoral Divisions)
– 93 Electoral Divisions (smallest legally defined administrative areas in
the State for which Small Area Population Statistics are published from
the Census)

10. 10
EPISCOPE Irish Pilot Action:
Building Stock Energy Performance Indicators

11. 11
Field Survey - Trend Findings
Field Survey Summary
Element
Refurbishment rate:
Ownership of refurbished
dwellings (%) Funding (%)
% Refurb’d
to date
Annual rate
(%)
Housing
Assoc./ Local
Authority
Owner
occupied
Private
rented
SEAI Grant
since 2008
Warmer
Homes
Scheme
Local
Auth./
landlord
upgrade
Outside
grants
Walls 16% 2.2% 25% 69% 6% 25% 13% 25% 38%
Roofs 45% 4.5% 12% 86% 2% 10% 14% 10% 67%
Windows 58% 3.2% 14% 76% 10% 0% N.A. 21% 79%
Floors 2% 0.0% 0% 100% 0% 0% N.A. 0% 100%
Boilers 25% 4.2% 4% 88% 8% 4% N.A. 12% 84%
Controls 7% 0.8% 0% 100% 0% 14% N.A. 0% 86%

12. 12
Aggregate Annual Refurbishment
Rate/Trend – Northside of Dublin City
Aggregate trend gives base assumption for
‘business as usual’ trend
Aggregate Trend (annual):
Element
3 * National
Progr'mes Field survey
BER
Research
Tool
Aggregate
trend
Walls 1.06% 2.20% 2.50% 2.40%
Roofs 0.76% 4.50% 2.60% 3.60%
Windows N.A. 3.20% 2.20% 2.70%
Boilers 0.51% 4.20% 2.00% 3.10%
Controls 0.04% 0.80% N.A. 0.80%

13. 13
EPISCOPE Irish Pilot Action:
Building Stock Energy Performance Indicators
Element
% Elements
Refurbished To
Date
(BER research tool)
Annual
retrofit rate -
aggregate (%)
Walls 14.2% 2.4%
Roofs 34.7% 3.6%
Windows 76.2% 2.7%
Boilers 23.9% 3.1%

14. 14
Pilot Action Modelling - assumptions
 7.6% of 2020 energy saving target of 20% achieved by end 2012,
(DCENR).
 17% reduction on 1990 CO2 benchmark was achieved by 2013 (EPA).
 1,000 new dwellings to be built p.a. to NZEB standard (45 kWh/m2/a)
 Deep retrofit = the dwelling improves to primary energy of 43 kWh/m2/a
 BER data is calibrated to reflect measured primary energy
Primary Energy
(kWh/m2/yr) 0-100
>100-
200
>200-
300
>300-
400
>400-
500 >500
Calibration to
measured energy 1.1 0.90 0.80 0.6 0.55 0.5

15. 15
Energy & CO2
Trends for North
Dublin Stock
216.57
199.36
168.41
129.73
45.17
41.32
33.01
22.92
-
50.00
100.00
150.00
200.00
250.00
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
2028
2029
2030
2031
2032
2033
2034
2035
2036
2037
2038
2039
2040
2041
2042
2043
2044
2045
2046
2047
2048
2049
2050
Trend A - business as usual + new build each year
kWh/m2/y
CO2kg/m
2/y

16. 16
Energy & CO2 Trends for North Dublin Stock
Current Trend
Energy
Reduction
(base 2005)
CO2
Reduction
(base 1990)
2015 -7.6% -17%
2020 -12% -23%
2030 -20% -34%
2050 -30% -48%
80% Target
Trend
Energy Reduction
(base 2005)
CO2 Reduction
(base 1990)
2015 -7.6% -17%
2020 -19% -31%
2030 -39% -53%
2050 -65% -80%

17. 17
Energy & CO2
Trends for North
Dublin Stock
216.57
182.63
128.28
65.63
46.18
37.16
23.55
8.77
0.00
50.00
100.00
150.00
200.00
250.00
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
2028
2029
2030
2031
2032
2033
2034
2035
2036
2037
2038
2039
2040
2041
2042
2043
2044
2045
2046
2047
2048
2049
2050
Trend C - Optimum - meeting the 80% CO2 Reduction
kWh/m2/
CO2kg/m
2/y

18. 18
Current Trends & Target Trends
(primary energy calibrated for actual use)
Base assumptions for ‘business as usual’ Trend Scenario

19. 19
EPISCOPE Pilot Action Target Scenario
To bridge the gap to achieve 80% CO2
reduction by 2050 will require, in
addition to the current trend,
– a DEEP retrofit of 75% of the residential
stock (i.e. to primary energy value of
circa 43 kWh/m2/year)
– A 60% decarbonisation of the electricity
grid

20. 20
BER Ratings (2015) – average D2
This map will need to be deep green
by 2050!

21. 21
Recommendations from Pilot Action
 Given the scale of the task to meet 2020/ 2030/ 2050
energy saving targets, a rolling National
residential energy performance survey is
STRONGLY RECOMMENDED
 A comprehensive national monitoring programme
is needed to record measured energy use in
residential buildings.
 Specific targets for reduction in energy demand and
CO2 for the residential sector should be set for
2020,2030 and 2050 in NEEAP

22. 22
UK House Condition Surveys –
food for thought
House Condition Surveys Description Budget
Scottish HCS
3,000 building surveys p.a.
No social survey included. €1m p.a.
English HCS
13,300 social surveys/ 6,200
building surveys/ inspections
p.a. €3.75m p.a.
Northern Irish HCS
1,314 social surveys/ 1,434
building surveys
(every 5 years, 2011/ 2016) €0.4m
Unless we provide the resources, it will be difficult to accurately track
the energy performance of the Residential Housing Stock nationally

23. 23
Wall U Values
Current status indicator!
http://energyaction-static.s3-website-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/index.html

24. 24
Roof U Values

25. 25
Window U Values

26. 26
Primary Heating Efficiency

27. 27
Heating Controls

28. 28
"The sole responsibility for the content of this presentation lies with the authors. It does not represent the opinion of the
Community. The European Commission is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained therein."
Thanks for listening........
Have a productive day!
www.episcope.eu
michael@iher.ie

29. Marion Jammet
Business Development Manager
IGBC
#BuildUpon

30. Co-creating Ireland’s National
Renovation Strategy (2017-2020)
Wednesday, 25th May 2016
#BuildUpon
#BuildUpon

31. I. Co-creating an ambitious national renovation strategy for
Ireland (2017 – 2020)
II. Renovating Ireland’s residential buildings stock:
Barriers & Opportunities
#BuildUpon
#BuildUpon

32. • Energy Efficiency Directive (art. 4)
• National Renovation Strategies
• Long-term vision
• Updated every 3 years

33. #BuildUpon
#30April2017

34. #BuildUpon
#BuildUpon

35. NEXT STEPS
• Minimum BER?
• Tax incentives?
• Green leases?

36. #BuildUpon
20 Experts
6 Sectors
3 Questions

37. #BuildUpon
Q.1 In your opinion, what are the main barriers to large scale deep
renovation in the residential buildings sector?
Q.2 What kind of changes are necessary for large-scale deep
renovation to happen in the residential building sector?
Q.3 What measure(s) have the most potential for
implementation in Ireland in a period of 5 to 15 years for
maximal impacts?

38. #BuildUpon
Renovation is not seen as a
priority
Deep renovation Cost
Split Incentive
Lack of Knowledge
Lack of Leadership
Perception
Lack of trusted intermediary advisors
Q.1 In your opinion, what are the main
barriers to large scale deep renovation
in the residential buildings sector?

39. #BuildUpon
Comprehensive and Independent
information
Introducing new legislation
The role of local communities
Flagship high quality
projects
Financial Support (home owners)
Raising awareness at governmental level
Financial Support (landlords)Skills
Q.2 What kind of changes are
necessary for large scale deep
renovation to happen in the residential
buildings sector?

40. #BuildUpon

41. #BuildUpon
Thank you
Marion Jammet
www.buildupon.eu/ireland
marion@igbc.ie
01 681 5862
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020
research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 649727.

42. #BuildUpon
Coffee Break

43. Session 2
Tackling the Awareness Issue
#BuildUpon

44. Challenge or
opportunity:
Engaged end-users
Building blocks to a sustainable building and
energy
transition
Ruth Mourik-Duneworks
Irish Green Building Council
Build Upon Workshop May 25th Dublin-Ireland
44

45. 45
The Energy Transition
Creating long-term structural change
in (energy) system
 All dimensions, sectors, levels, actors
 Systemic: everything needs to change
 Co-shaping determines options

46. 46
The Energy Transition challenges
 THE transition?
 Different levels, sectors and actors with different
challenges
 Expectations aligned
 Visioning and goalsetting
 Orchestrate learning & open innovation
 Lock-ins
 New governance
 Manageability
 Who is in charge, who decides?
 Possible Top-Down without end-user!
 Wise? rebound, opposition, unfairness, missing
expertise
 Upscaling= engaging all

47. 47
What about this end-user?
Who is this end-
user??

48. 48
Why care about this end-user?
30% of energy
demand
locked
in behavioural
‘end-user’ wedge
• Purchasing
• Investment
• Use, habits
• Maintenance
• Social
acceptability
Unlocking challenge:
 Homo economicus bias
 Overly technocratic
approaches
 Limited transfer of best
practice
 Lack of meaningful
monitoring and evaluation
http://behavioralwedge.msu.edu/

49. 49
How to focus on end-
users?Models/theories of change and
behaviour underpin interventions
Impact design, implementation,
monitoring and evaluation
Benefits and drawbacks

50. 50
What we need to know
about this end-user
Lasting change = context change
No silver bullit
People do not live according to sectors or disciplines or
governmental departments
Interdisciplinary focus, systemic focus works best in
practice..

51. 51
And now for something
completely
different…
Narratives
 Social science tool
 Tell how big events (policies) impact on small scale
(individuals)
 Quick, practical and useful understanding of
complexity of interconnected factors
Remember?

52. 52
Traditional approaches:
homo economicus: money and
information
http://www.contemporaryartdaily.com/wp-
content/uploads/2012/02/2.jpg
http://pinterest.com/kyrpersa/homo-economicus/

53. 53

54. Distribution
Recognition
The Place where
change takes root and
becomes embedded
Participation
Responsibility
Capacities
Learni
ng
54
• Every place is unique
• No ‘one-size-fits-all’
• Building blocks sensitive
to a specific local
context
• End-users centre stage
• Aim: the sustainable
improvement of a place
(neighbourhood, city,
region, etc.)
The Voicer is based on lessons learnt in the
project STEM: The Neighbourhood
Transformer
How to engage end-users

55. • No recognition= no
participation
• Diverse wishes,
needs and
aspirations
• Beyond energy,
retrofitting and
sustainability
• Every place is unique
• Existing structure,
networks, initiatives
• Get to know end-
users
Recognition
55

56. • Instrumental use=
problems
• More than being informed
• Acceptance = sustained
change
• End-users are experts
• Affected= engaged
• Multiple levels and ways
• Different reasons,
resources and mandate
Participation
56

57. • Benefits, costs, risks
• Vulnerable groups
• Unfair = opposition
• Damages trust
• Remove risks/make
understandable
• effect
• performance contracts
• trade-offs!!
Distribution
57

58. • Not everyone can or is
able
• Not facilitated=
disengagement
• Build up capacities
• Provide resources
• Provide knowledge
• Train skills
Capacities
58

59. • Ownership
• Incremental change
• How much?
• Trust, equality and
reciprocity
• Ambassadors
Responsibility
59

60. • Efficiency &
effectiveness…
• End-user goals
• Why or why not
• Long-term effects
• Monitor and evaluate
the process based on
building blocks
• Learn from the
unwilling!
• Flexibility
60
Learning

61. Contact
• More information: http://www.duneworks.nl
Mail us:
• ruth.mourik@duneworks.nl
61

62. #BuildUpon
Lunch Break

63. Session 3
Making Deep Renovation
Painless
#BuildUpon

64. << VORIGE VOLGENDE TITEL VAN PRESENTATIE 17 DECEMBER 2010
Making Deep Renovation Painless
Rapid developments
Ivo Opstelten
Program director Energiesprong
Professor ‘New Energy in the City’
Director Applied Research CoE ‘Smart Sustainable Cities’
Owner PIAF Wonen

65. • Market not offering compelling propositions
– price, performance, aesthetics, intervention time, customer friendly retail,
after care…
• Split incentive (Landlord-Tenant)
• Regulatory hurdles
• Real estate valuation distorted
• Financing
• Energy/Environment = low interest topic
The Netherlands 2009:
No market for efficiency improvement in buildings for
multiple reasons

66. 45 M€ to show and tell:
 Building
innovations: 45%-
60%-80%
 2500 new
 3000 renovated
 32 Non-residential
 Proces innovation
 Social innovation
 Condition the
market!
2010: 5-year Innovation agenda
Energytransition built environment

67. ‘Energy Leap’ Program
set out to flip the switch

68. To help create market conditions for an energy neutral
built environment in NL
Energy Leap Mission
Demand side in action:
Organise demand/
professional customers
Supply side in action:
Facilitate supply chains
Knowledge disclosure and
integral cooperation determine
success
Transform barriers into
chances and stimuli

69. First experiments in Kerkrade

70. Final result
Cost and renovation time per house?

71. Placement timber frame
Facade elements REAR
Renovation time
Day 1

72. Day 2
Placement timber frame & Facade elements front

73. Placement prefab roof elements
Day 3

74. Day 6/7
Finishing zinc en roof rims

75. Day 8
Moving scaffolding

76. Raising the bar
E - performance
130.000
100.000
80.000
Zero-on-the-Meter
Renovationcost[Euro]
Roossendaal 2010
Kerkrade 2011
60.000
40.000
Prices incl. VAT and new
bathroom+kitchen
Apeldoorn 2012

77. • Demand side: Mass market guarantee
• Supply side: Price/Performance guarantee
• Government: Legislation that stimulates guaranteed Net
Zero Energy renovation
DEAL!
The next step: guarantee each others succes

78. Deals that created market conditions for
Zero-on-the-Meter renovation!
• 20-6-2013 Rapids for social houding deal
– 6 (+ 25) Housing corporations: 111.000 houses
– 4 Large building companies: Price-performance
guarantee
– Government: Energy Performance Reimbursement
(EPR)
• 29-9-2014: Rapids for private home owners
– 35+ Local authorities and 10+ consumer
cooperations
– 25+ Building companies
– All building insurance companies
– 4 Appraisal Unions
– 4 Largest mortgage providers
– Government Downpayment + Interest for
Mortgage + Energy investment
Downpayment + Interest
Mortgage + Energy Bill
Rent +
Energy
Bill
Rent +
EPR

79. 2014: First prototypes Zero-on-the-Meter

80. • First 500: IRR Social Housing Corporation 4,75% at TCO of 100-110 k€
2016: Zero-on-the-Meter takes off
• Ø–on-the-meter for new built houses > 10% in portfolio of large project developers
• 600 Ø–on-the-meter renovations have been carried out, 3000 are under contract,
5000 extra are designated.

81. Consumer free to deal?
• Maximum loan (mortgage) determined by:
– Loan-to-Value
• Appraiser
• Consumer
– Loan-to-Income
• Bank
• Consumer

82. Renovation Business Case
private home owners
• ‘Mortgage equivalent’ energy bill
= financial risk of bank if not accounted for!
€-
€10,000.00
€20,000.00
€30,000.00
€40,000.00
€50,000.00
€60,000.00
€70,000.00
€80,000.00
Renovation Mortgage Indication
Loan-to-Income mortgage level Net Present Value Renovation

83. Industrialized renovation pays off!
E - peformance
130.000
100.000
80.000
Zero-on-the-Meter
Renovationcosts[Euro]
Roossendaal 2010
Kerkrade 2011
60.000
40.000
Heerhugowaard 2013
Melick, Arnhem, Tilburg,
Soesterberg, etc. 2014
Utrecht 2016-2017 …

84. Zero-on-the-meter crystallizes in NL
• Housing corporations, tenant organization, building companies, appraisal
firms, banks, knowledge institutes, local authorities, national government,
etc. joined forces to create a circle of Ø–on-the-meter fame!
• Energy Performance Reimbursment passed May 17th
• Ø-on-the-meter allows for up to 27.000 higher mortgage level as of 1-1-2016
• All renovation appraisals incorporate net present value calculation of energy
measures (label F/G to Ø–on-the-meter NPV = € 45.000)

85. Woudn’t it be nice?
• After a day’s work, your house
– Has a higher comfort level
– Has an improved (exterior) appearance
– Has an increased market value
– Is fit for the next decades
All that, without increased (total) living
expenses!

86. https://youtu.be/I3WBT2eAArI

87. But we are not there yet …
• First Zero–on-the-meter renovations are not with
Ø obstacles and flaws
– Technical
– Esthetical
– Financial
– Social
• Full industrialization takes time
 Performace guarantee and Management of
expectations required!
Extra charge? Zero-on-the meter was promised!

88. Challenges? Functional integration
20 years
later

89. And mass-customization
From
To
Buy
Co-
design

90. How to create exponential growth?
 Innovators
 Early adaptors
 Mainstream

91. Power in numbers
• Industrial promise requires high(er) volume
• Large effort, Growing movement

92. Soon in a theater near you….
Transition zero: the movie

93. #BuildUpon
Coffee Break

94. Session 4
Tackling the Tenants –
Owners Dilemma
#BuildUpon

95. Improving Energy Efficiency in the
Private Rented Sector

96.  National housing charity - Est. 1978
 We solve people’s housing problems by providing
housing advice and advocacy
 We campaign for a better housing system using a
rights-based approach
 30,000+ housing queries annually, primarily in the
PRS

97. • 20 per cent of housing stock
nationally
• 38 per cent in Galway City, 27 per
cent in Cork City, 25 per cent in
Dublin.

98. • Highest proportion of E, F and G
building ratings are found in the PRS
(20%)
 55% of the private rented dwellings
are likely to be considered to have
poor energy efficiency, with BERs
between D and G.

99.  Inability to heat/power
a home to an adequate
degree- +10% of income,
20% extreme
 Improving the BER of a
home from E1 to B2 can lead
to energy savings of €2,524 a
year

100.  “This (increasing energy efficiency) would entail
one of the biggest changes to the Irish rental
market in the history of the State”
 Cost- SEAI estimate that the average home in Ireland
is a D on the BER scale and that an average of €21k per
home would be required to lift that rating to a B.
 Split Incentive- Landlords don’t immediately or
directly benefit and tenants have no ability to
undertake upgrades

101.  Target tenants in energy poverty –RTB registration –
BER ratings and HAP/RAS/RS
 Grant scheme similar to Better Energy Warmer
Homes, with conditions around tenancy length -Pilot
in HAP in 2016
 Review take up and issues- Better Homes Grant
extended to landlords 2015
 Legislation on Minimum Standards post 2020 and for
new leases

102.  Public consultation by mid-2016 on a roadmap for
improving energy efficiency in the rented sector.
 Establishment of minimum energy efficiency
standards in the period after 2020;
 Consultation will consider what supports for landlords
esp. supply and rents
 Working Group under Construction 2020 to
investigate the feasibility of introducing minimum
thermal efficiency standards for rental properties.

103. ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF RENTAL
ACCOMMODATION IN IRELAND
David McKechnie, Associate
T: +353 1 828 0625
E: dmckechnie@mcdowellpurcell.ie

104. INTRODUCTION
• No specific provision is made in Irish legislation for the energy efficiency of rental
accommodation.
AREAS OF FOCUS
1. Domestic Legislation relating to standards for rental accommodation in Ireland
2. A review of Part L of the Building Regulations (Conservation of Fuel and Energy)
3. The Current EU legislative position applicable to energy efficiency of Irish
dwellings
• Also of relevance is current domestic policy and incentives to improve energy
efficiency and reduce energy poverty

105. 1. Domestic legislation relating to standards
for rental accommodation in Ireland
BACKGROUND
• The Housing (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 1992: Since 1992, physical
standards for rental accommodation have been provided for in law.
• Government policy document “Towards 2016”: In 2006, the Government
published a policy document “Towards 2016” which outlined a core
objective of the Government and social partners to enable each
household to have available to them an affordable dwelling of good
quality.

106. THE MINIMUM STANDARDS REGULATIONS
2008
The Housing (Standards for Rented Houses) Regulations 2008 (“the 2008
regulations”)
2009
The Housing (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 2009 (“the 2009 Act”)
2009
The Housing (Standards for Rented Houses) Amendment Regulations 2009
(“the 2009 regulations”)

107. PRIMARY PROVISIONS - 2008 AND 2009 REGULATIONS
A) Structural Condition
Article 5 - All rental accommodation should be maintained in a proper state of structural
repair;
“A dwelling that is sound, internally and externally, with roof, roofing tiles & slates,
windows, floors, ceilings, walls, stairs, skirting boards, fascia, tiles on any floor, gutters,
down pipes, fittings, furnishings, gardens and common areas, maintained in good condition
and repair and not defective due to dampness or otherwise”.
B) Sanitary Facilities
Article 6 - All rental accommodation must contain sanitary facilities equipped with a
continuous supply of cold water and a facility for hot water. The sanitary facilities must be
within the living area and for exclusive use of the house.
C) Heating
Article 7- Every habitable room must have a permanently fixed appliance capable of
providing effective heating and capable of being independently managed by the tenant.
There must also be facilities for the removal of fumes and other by-products of combustion
to the external air.

108. PRIMARY PROVISIONS - 2008 AND 2009 REGULATIONS
D) Food Preparation, Storage & Laundry
Article 8 - There must be adequate facilities in good working order for
food preparation, storage and laundry. There must also be provision for the
effective and safe removal of fumes to the external air by means of cooker
hood or extractor fan.
E) Ventilation
Article 9 - Every room must have adequate ventilation.
F) Lighting
Article 10
• Every habitable room must have adequate natural lighting.
• Every room, hall, stairs and landing must have suitable and adequate artificial lighting.
• The windows of every room containing a bath, shower and toilet must be screened to
ensure privacy.

109. PRIMARY PROVISIONS - 2008 AND 2009 REGULATIONS
G) Fire Safety
Article 11- All rental accommodation must have a fire blanket and either a mains-wired
smoke alarm or at least two 10-year self-contained battery-operated smoke alarms.
Multi Unit buildings must contain;
• A mains wired smoke alarm, a fire blanket, and an emergency evacuation plan
• Emergency Lighting in all common areas
H) Refuse facilities
Article 12 - Requires access for all rental accommodation to suitable and adequate pest and
vermin-proof refuse storage facilities. Communal storage facilities where appropriate will be
considered to comply with the regulations.
I) Electricity and Gas
Article 13- Installations for gas and electricity must be maintained in safe working order

110.  All Landlords have a legal obligation to ensure their rental accommodation
complies with the minimum standards prescribed by the regulations.
 Responsibility for enforcement rests with the relevant Local Authorities, who have
powers to issue the following;
a) Improvement Notices
b) Prohibition Notices
Despite improvements introduced by the new regulations, no specific provision is
made for energy efficiency of rental accommodation.
ENFORCEMENT

111. 2. Building Regulations
BACKGROUND
The Building Control Act 1990 provided that national building regulations may be
made by the Minister for the Environment, Heritage and Local Government for a
range of purposes to include:
• Health, safety and welfare
• Special needs of the disabled
• Conservation of fuel and energy
• Securing the efficient use of resources
• The encouragement of good building practice
The first Building Regulations came into effect on 1 June 1992. The detailed technical
content was removed from the regulations and put into twelve separate technical
guidance documents (“TGDs”).

112. PART TITLE
PART A Structure
PART B Fire
PART C Site preparation & resistance to moisture
PART D Materials and workmanship
PART E Sound
PART F Ventilation
PART G Hygiene
PART H Drainage and waste disposal
PART J Heat Producing appliances
PART K Stairways, ramps and guards
PART L Conservation of fuel and energy
PART M Access for disabled people

113. PART L – GENERAL OVERVIEW OF CONSERVATION
OF FUEL AND ENERGY
TIMELINE 2005 2008 2011 2015-2020
% Improvement Baseline 40% and
renewables
requirement
60% Nearly zero
energy policy
(70% Approx)
Primary energy
kWh/m2/annum
150 90 60 45
CO2 kg/m2/annum 30 18 12 10
BER B3 B1 A3 A2

115. PART L OF THE 2011 BUILDING REGULATIONS
• A reduction of approximately 33% on energy performance levels including
energy consumption and Co2 emissions from the levels prescribed in the 2005
regulations.
• Maximum U-values (the measure of heat loss through a material) were
reduced by approximately 15% and by up to 20% for windows and external
doors from 2008 levels.
• The air permeability levels (in the line separating the inside and outside of the
building) were reduced by 30% from their introductory level in 2008.
• The requisite energy efficiency for oil and gas fired boilers was increased by a
further 4% on 2008 levels, bringing the requirement for energy efficiency to
90%.

116. • The provisions of the 2011 Building Regulations can be contrasted with Part L of
the 1991 building regulations, which stated in general terms;
“A building shall be so designed and constructed as to secure, insofar as is
reasonably practicable, the conservation of fuel and energy………”
Challenges
The difficulty with the building regulations is that they are not retrospective. They
only apply to the following from the date of their commencement;
• All new builds;
• All extensions and alterations carried out on existing dwellings under Parts A and
B of the TGD; and,
• Certain parts of the TGD to include Part L apply to any 'material change of use' of
an existing building or part of an existing building.
PART L OF THE 2011 BUILDING REGULATIONS

117. 3. EU LEGISLATION
Statutory Instrument No. 666 of 2006
• Transposed into Irish Law the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive 2002.
• Building Energy Rating (“BER”) required from 1 January 2009.
• Ultimately superseded by Statutory Instrument No. 243 of 2012.
Statutory Instrument No. 426 of 2014 and Statutory Instrument No. 131 of 2014
• Transposed into Irish Law The Energy Efficiency Directive (2012/27/EU) resulting in elements
of the European Efficiency Plan being binding on Ireland.
• Obligation on public bodies to procure products, services and buildings with high energy
efficiency performance.
• The promotion of efficiency in heating and cooling.
• Obligations for industry relating to energy audits and energy management systems.
• A common framework for national energy savings obligation schemes equivalent to annual
energy savings of 1.5% of energy sales.
Recast European Performance of Buildings Directive 2010/30/EU
• Requires that all new buildings constructed from January 2021 comply with the nearly zero
energy building standards.

118. CONCLUSION
David McKechnie, Associate
T: +353 1 828 0625
E: dmckechnie@mcdowellpurcell.ie

119. Co-Creating Ireland’s National
Renovation Strategy – V.2
Dublin, 25th May 2016