Endometriosis Treatment Options can be divided into two types : Endometriosis Surgery Treatment and Home Remedies For Endometriosis like Endometriosis Herbal Treatment and here,the article presents 2018 Popular Endometriosis Alternative Treatment ,check it to get more informations.
ENDOMETRIOSIS UPDATEFocus on Dienogest Dr Sharda jain dr Jyoti Agarwal Lifecare Centre
ENDOMETRIOSIS UPDATEFocus on Dienogest
AGENDA
Background
What’s New in Endometriosis
Clinical Discussions in Managing Endometriosis
Newer Evidences on Dienogest
Medical management of endometriosis by dr alka mukherjee apurva mukherjeealka mukherjee
Endometriosis is a chronic gynecologic disorder that commonly manifests as chronic pain and infertility. It affects 6 to 10 percent of women of reproductive age, and it is present in approximately 38 percent of women with infertility and in up to 87 percent of women with chronic pelvic pain. It is thought to develop from attachment and implantation of endometrial glands and stroma on the peritoneum as a result of retrograde menstruation. Endometrial lesions result from overproduction of prostaglandins and estrogen, which leads to chronic inflammation.
The mechanism by which infertility occurs in women with early-stage endometriosis is not clear. Oxidative stress and higher concentration of inflammatory cytokines may affect sperm function in several ways, including causing sperm DNA damage. The abnormal peritoneal environment can also cause abnormalities in oocyte cytoskeleton function. In more advanced endometriosis with ovarian cysts and adhesions, the anatomic abnormalities can impair tubal function.
Diagnostic evaluation of women with pelvic pain should include a thorough history and physical examination to rule out other gynecologic causes of pain. Nongynecologic causes (e.g., irritable bowel syndrome, interstitial cystitis, urinary tract disorders) can be ruled out with appropriate testing and referrals, if necessary.
Definitive diagnosis of endometriosis can be made only by histology of lesions that have been removed surgically. Imaging studies cannot be used to diagnose endometriosis, but they can be useful in patients with pelvic or adnexal masses. Ovarian endometriomas typically appear on ultrasonography as cysts that contain low-level homogeneous internal echoes consistent with old blood. Imaging alone seems to be highly predictive in differentiating ovarian endometriomas from other adnexal masses.
Transvaginal ultrasonography is the preferred imaging modality to determine the presence of endometriosis and deeply infiltrating endometriosis of the rectum or recto-vaginal septum. Magnetic resonance imaging should be reserved for patients with equivocal ultrasound results and in whom rectovaginal or bladder endometriosis is suspected.Progestins, danazol, extended-cycle combined oral contraceptives, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists can be used for initial treatment of pain in women with suspected endometriosis. However, recurrence rates are high after the medication is discontinued. If initial therapy is unsuccessful, diagnostic laparoscopy can be offered to confirm the diagnosis. Alternatively, empiric treatment with another suppressive medication is an option. Empiric therapy with a three-month course of a GnRH agonist is appropriate if initial treatment with oral contraceptives and NSAIDs is unsuccessful. It is important to explain to the patient that response to empiric therapy does not confirm the diagnosis of endometriosis.
Free Information Session 8th May 2013: Endometriosis and Infertility - Treatm...Fertility SA
Dr Jodie Semmler presented about the treatment options available for sufferers of Endometriosis. She outlined what they entail and how fertility treatment is individualised to provide the best possible outcomes.
Dr Semmler is one of Adelaide's leading gynaecological surgeons. She has had extensive experience in laparoscopic keyhole surgery treating fertility issues including the excision of endometriosis. Dr Semmler is also a sitting member of the Australian IVF Directors group. For more information on Dr Semmler, please follow this link http://www.fertilitysa.com.au/dr-jodie-semmler-specialist.html
ENDOMETRIOSIS UPDATEFocus on Dienogest Dr Sharda jain dr Jyoti Agarwal Lifecare Centre
ENDOMETRIOSIS UPDATEFocus on Dienogest
AGENDA
Background
What’s New in Endometriosis
Clinical Discussions in Managing Endometriosis
Newer Evidences on Dienogest
Medical management of endometriosis by dr alka mukherjee apurva mukherjeealka mukherjee
Endometriosis is a chronic gynecologic disorder that commonly manifests as chronic pain and infertility. It affects 6 to 10 percent of women of reproductive age, and it is present in approximately 38 percent of women with infertility and in up to 87 percent of women with chronic pelvic pain. It is thought to develop from attachment and implantation of endometrial glands and stroma on the peritoneum as a result of retrograde menstruation. Endometrial lesions result from overproduction of prostaglandins and estrogen, which leads to chronic inflammation.
The mechanism by which infertility occurs in women with early-stage endometriosis is not clear. Oxidative stress and higher concentration of inflammatory cytokines may affect sperm function in several ways, including causing sperm DNA damage. The abnormal peritoneal environment can also cause abnormalities in oocyte cytoskeleton function. In more advanced endometriosis with ovarian cysts and adhesions, the anatomic abnormalities can impair tubal function.
Diagnostic evaluation of women with pelvic pain should include a thorough history and physical examination to rule out other gynecologic causes of pain. Nongynecologic causes (e.g., irritable bowel syndrome, interstitial cystitis, urinary tract disorders) can be ruled out with appropriate testing and referrals, if necessary.
Definitive diagnosis of endometriosis can be made only by histology of lesions that have been removed surgically. Imaging studies cannot be used to diagnose endometriosis, but they can be useful in patients with pelvic or adnexal masses. Ovarian endometriomas typically appear on ultrasonography as cysts that contain low-level homogeneous internal echoes consistent with old blood. Imaging alone seems to be highly predictive in differentiating ovarian endometriomas from other adnexal masses.
Transvaginal ultrasonography is the preferred imaging modality to determine the presence of endometriosis and deeply infiltrating endometriosis of the rectum or recto-vaginal septum. Magnetic resonance imaging should be reserved for patients with equivocal ultrasound results and in whom rectovaginal or bladder endometriosis is suspected.Progestins, danazol, extended-cycle combined oral contraceptives, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists can be used for initial treatment of pain in women with suspected endometriosis. However, recurrence rates are high after the medication is discontinued. If initial therapy is unsuccessful, diagnostic laparoscopy can be offered to confirm the diagnosis. Alternatively, empiric treatment with another suppressive medication is an option. Empiric therapy with a three-month course of a GnRH agonist is appropriate if initial treatment with oral contraceptives and NSAIDs is unsuccessful. It is important to explain to the patient that response to empiric therapy does not confirm the diagnosis of endometriosis.
Free Information Session 8th May 2013: Endometriosis and Infertility - Treatm...Fertility SA
Dr Jodie Semmler presented about the treatment options available for sufferers of Endometriosis. She outlined what they entail and how fertility treatment is individualised to provide the best possible outcomes.
Dr Semmler is one of Adelaide's leading gynaecological surgeons. She has had extensive experience in laparoscopic keyhole surgery treating fertility issues including the excision of endometriosis. Dr Semmler is also a sitting member of the Australian IVF Directors group. For more information on Dr Semmler, please follow this link http://www.fertilitysa.com.au/dr-jodie-semmler-specialist.html
PANEL DISCUSSION ON ENDOMETRIOSIS RELATED INFERTILITY (EVIDENCE BASED)Lifecare Centre
PANEL DISCUSSION ON ENDOMETRIOSIS RELATED INFERTILITY (EVIDENCE BASED)
MODERATOR
DR SHARDA JAIN
DR JYOTI AGARWAL
DR ILA GUPTA
UMA RAI
RAJ BOKARIA
JYOTI AGARWAL
JYOTI BHASKER
RENU CHAWLA
DIPTI NABH
VANDANA GUPTA
PANEL DISCUSSION ON ENDOMETRIOSIS IN ADOLESCENTS (2018 )Lifecare Centre
PANEL DISCUSSION ON ENDOMETRIOSIS IN ADOLESCENTS (2018 ) MODERATOR
DR SHARDA JAIN
DR ILA GUPTA
DR DIPTI NABH
panelist
UMA RAI
RAJ BOKARIA
JYOTI AGARWAL
JYOTI BHASKER
RENU CHAWLA
DIPTI NABH
VANDANA GUPTA
Update (2021) Oral Contraceptive Pill : Dr. Jyoti Agarwal Dr Sharda Jain Lifecare Centre
Update (2021) Oral Contraceptive Pill : Dr Sharda Jain
7 Billion 2011 & increasing a rate of 150 million per year
INDIA
Today – 1.3 billion 2050 – 1.628 expected
PANEL DISCUSSION ON PRACTICAL APPROACH TO ENDOMETRIOSISWith FOCUS ON DINOGESTLifecare Centre
PANEL DISCUSSION ON PRACTICAL APPROACH TO ENDOMETRIOSISWith FOCUS ON DINOGEST
UMA RAI
RAJ BOKARIA
JYOTI AGARWAL
JYOTI BHASKER
RENU CHAWLA
DIPTI NABH
VANDANA GUPTA
Endometriosis Alternative Treatment Introduction !singletons li
Currently,there are several Endometriosis Alternative Treatment available in the market,like herbs for Endometriosis ,Surgical Treatment, Endometriosis Natural Treatment and so on and here,the article give a detailed introduction about each endometriosis treatment options,hope it will be useful for you.
PANEL DISCUSSION ON ENDOMETRIOSIS RELATED INFERTILITY (EVIDENCE BASED)Lifecare Centre
PANEL DISCUSSION ON ENDOMETRIOSIS RELATED INFERTILITY (EVIDENCE BASED)
MODERATOR
DR SHARDA JAIN
DR JYOTI AGARWAL
DR ILA GUPTA
UMA RAI
RAJ BOKARIA
JYOTI AGARWAL
JYOTI BHASKER
RENU CHAWLA
DIPTI NABH
VANDANA GUPTA
PANEL DISCUSSION ON ENDOMETRIOSIS IN ADOLESCENTS (2018 )Lifecare Centre
PANEL DISCUSSION ON ENDOMETRIOSIS IN ADOLESCENTS (2018 ) MODERATOR
DR SHARDA JAIN
DR ILA GUPTA
DR DIPTI NABH
panelist
UMA RAI
RAJ BOKARIA
JYOTI AGARWAL
JYOTI BHASKER
RENU CHAWLA
DIPTI NABH
VANDANA GUPTA
Update (2021) Oral Contraceptive Pill : Dr. Jyoti Agarwal Dr Sharda Jain Lifecare Centre
Update (2021) Oral Contraceptive Pill : Dr Sharda Jain
7 Billion 2011 & increasing a rate of 150 million per year
INDIA
Today – 1.3 billion 2050 – 1.628 expected
PANEL DISCUSSION ON PRACTICAL APPROACH TO ENDOMETRIOSISWith FOCUS ON DINOGESTLifecare Centre
PANEL DISCUSSION ON PRACTICAL APPROACH TO ENDOMETRIOSISWith FOCUS ON DINOGEST
UMA RAI
RAJ BOKARIA
JYOTI AGARWAL
JYOTI BHASKER
RENU CHAWLA
DIPTI NABH
VANDANA GUPTA
Endometriosis Alternative Treatment Introduction !singletons li
Currently,there are several Endometriosis Alternative Treatment available in the market,like herbs for Endometriosis ,Surgical Treatment, Endometriosis Natural Treatment and so on and here,the article give a detailed introduction about each endometriosis treatment options,hope it will be useful for you.
7 Effective Ways to Prevent Endometriosis RecurrenceFFragrant
Women can take many ways to 7 prevent endometriosis recurrence. And herbal medicine Fuyan Pill can treat endometriosis and reduce recurrence probability.
Now You Can Fight PCOD/PCOS Naturally!
Managing your life with Polycystic Ovarian Disease (PCOD), the excess weight, emotional stress, not being able to conceive, the hair problems, having no one to talk to and most importantly—dealing with the comments and snide remarks—all probably leave you feeling dejected and with no time for the most important person in your life—YOU!Explained by Dr. Cheng Mei Ling Theresa Nee Wong
In spite of all the pain and anxiety, if you find little or no improvement in the symptoms after undergoing several conventional treatments, going to the gym and being on crash diets, it’s time to change, to stop the suffering and start living your life to the fullest again!
PCOD,
Birth control pills (oral contraceptives) are prescription medications that prevent pregnancy.
Birth control (contraceptive) medications contain hormones (estrogen and progesterone, or progesterone alone).
Can You Heard That Pregnancy Treat Endometriosis?FFragrant
In some women, endometriosis symptoms will be relieved after pregnancy. However, some patients may have difficulty in pregnancy. For these patients, they need to be treated before they become pregnant, such as herbal medicine Fuyan Pill.
In you have any question about infertility treatment so you should read these notes. I tried my best to mention all possible Q and A about infertility treatment.
Hormonal imbalance can cause many health issues, and it is often associated with weight gain. Correcting these imbalances is not about your willpower; it’s about understanding what’s wrong with your hormone and how to fix it with the right nutrients and exercises.
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
Acute scrotum is a general term referring to an emergency condition affecting the contents or the wall of the scrotum.
There are a number of conditions that present acutely, predominantly with pain and/or swelling
A careful and detailed history and examination, and in some cases, investigations allow differentiation between these diagnoses. A prompt diagnosis is essential as the patient may require urgent surgical intervention
Testicular torsion refers to twisting of the spermatic cord, causing ischaemia of the testicle.
Testicular torsion results from inadequate fixation of the testis to the tunica vaginalis producing ischemia from reduced arterial inflow and venous outflow obstruction.
The prevalence of testicular torsion in adult patients hospitalized with acute scrotal pain is approximately 25 to 50 percent
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
Estas diretrizes visam melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados pós-natais essenciais e de rotina prestados às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos, com o objetivo final de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar materno e neonatal.
Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
New Drug Discovery and Development .....NEHA GUPTA
The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
Knee anatomy and clinical tests 2024.pdfvimalpl1234
This includes all relevant anatomy and clinical tests compiled from standard textbooks, Campbell,netter etc..It is comprehensive and best suited for orthopaedicians and orthopaedic residents.
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
263778731218 Abortion Clinic /Pills In Harare ,sisternakatoto
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Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
2. What is Endometriosis?
Endometriosis happens when tissue normally
found inside the uterus grows in other parts of the
body. It may attach to the ovaries, fallopian tubes,
the exterior of the uterus, the bowel, or other
internal parts. As hormones change during the
menstrual cycle, this tissue breaks down and may
cause painful adhesions, or scar tissue. More than
5.5 million American women have symptoms of
endometriosis.
3. Endometriosis Symptoms
Pain just before, during, or after menstruation is
the most common symptom. For some women,
this pain may be disabling and may happen during
or after sex, or during bowel movements or
urination. It sometimes causes ongoing pain in the
pelvis and lower back. Many women with
endometriosis have mild or no symptoms, though.
The symptoms may be related to the location of
the growths.
4. What Causes Endometriosis?
Doctors don't know why endometrial tissue grows outside
of the uterus, but they have several theories. Heredity
plays a role, and some endometrial cells may be present
from birth. Another theory suggests that menstrual blood
containing endometrial cells flows back through the
fallopian tubes and into the pelvic cavity instead of out of
the body. These cells are thought to stick to organs and
keep growing and bleeding over time. Cells could also
move to the pelvic cavity other ways, such as during a C-
section delivery. A faulty immune system may fail to get rid
of the misplaced cells.
6. Pain medications, such as
acetaminophen, and nonsteroidal anti-
inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), like
ibuprofen or naproxen, often help
relieve the pain and cramping that
comes with endometriosis. But these
drugs only treat the symptoms and not
the underlying endometriosis.
9. Oral contraceptives manage levels of estrogen and progestin,
which make your menstrual periods shorter and lighter. That
often eases the pain of endometriosis. Your doctor may
prescribe pills to be taken continuously, with no breaks for a
menstrual period, or progestin-only therapy. Progestin-only
therapy can also be given by injection. Endometriosis
symptoms may return after you stop taking the pills.
10. Other Hormone Therapies
• These drugs mimic menopause, getting rid of periods along
with endometriosis symptoms. GnRH agonists, such as Lupron,
Synarel, and Zoladex, block female hormones from being
made. They can cause hot flashes, vaginal dryness, fatigue,
mood changes, and bone loss. Danocrine works mainly by
lowering estrogen. Side effects can include weight gain,
smaller breasts, acne, facial hair, voice and mood changes, and
birth defects.
12. Endometriosis Herbal Treatment
When it comes to treatments for endometriosis, there are some
diet and natural options. For example, reduce your chemical
intake by limiting your intake of animal fat, eat more vegetables
and flaxseeds. Maybe you can try herbal medicine. An increasing
number of women with endometriosis have been treated. Fuyan
pill is prominent among the herbal medicines. Fuyan pill is made
with more than 50 kinds of precious herbs and its goal is to
regulate blood to alleviate pain, clear away heat and reduce fire
to clear implants naturally. More and more women choose this
treatment and they get pregnant finally.
14. How Does Herbs Fuyan Pill Cure
Endometriosis ?
From herbal medicine prospective, the cause of endometriosis is
Qi stagnation and blood stasis. Qi (pronounced chee) is a vital
substance, referring to the physiological functions of organs and
meridians. Radix bupleuri (Chinese spell: Chai Hu), Angelica
sinensis (Chinese spell: Dang Gui), Radix Scutellariae (Chinese
spell: Huang Qin) are three main ingredients of Fuyan pill, whose
function is promoting blood circulation and clearing internal heat.
The above three herbs, accompanied with other auxiliary herbs,
making Fuyan pill effective and curable in treating endometriosis.
Fuan pill is developed by Dr. Lee, a professional herbalist in
wuhan, hubei province, China. Fuyan pill has been patented by
China national Patent Office and its safety and effectiveness are
guaranteed.
15. Foods to Help Cure Endometriosis
Do not have spicy food and alcohol. Chicken, fish, beef, shrimp, seafood, pickled
vegetables, and milk should be avoided. Do not eat too much chocolate, coffee, coke,
fried and baked food. You can eat pork, bread, noodles, nuts, fresh vegetables, eggs
and fruits, fruit juice, water, and tea. A good diet will help you get Cured.
Vegetables : Chinese cabbage, cucumber, celery, lotus root, cauliflower, broccoli,
lettuce, tomato, potato, mushroom, mushroom, cabbage, green beans, pumpkin,
eggplant, wax gourd and so on are ok to eat.
Beans : all beans are ok to eat.
Egg : all eggs are ok to eat, including the egg from chicken, but the chicken is not
allowed
Meat : all meat from pig is ok. Fish and seafood are not allowed.
Fruit : kiwi fruit, apple, pear, peach, watermelon, grape, banana, pineapple,
strawberry, cherry, orange, pawpaw, coconut, mango are ok to eat.
Nuts : all nuts are ok to eat.
Milk : all dairy products are not allowed. But plant milk like soy milk, coconut milk
and so on is ok.
Seasoning : all spicy are not allowed, like pepper, chili, onion, curry, garlic, ginger,
and other instant seasoning contains spicy that is purchased from supermarket. But
oil is ok and it would be better less than 6 spoons per day. Salt and the vinegar are
ok.
19. If you have endometriosis and prepare to get
pregnant, your doctor may recommend laparoscope.
Laparoscope is common procedure used to diagnose
and treat endometriosis and used to remove
implants and scar tissue. However, laparoscopy is a
relatively but not absolutely safe operation. There
are risks and complications during and after the
surgery. During procedure, complications include
uncontrolled bleeding, damage to organs such as
bowel. After surgery, it is likely to cause wound
infection, uterus infection.
21. Severe cases of endometriosis may require
laparotomy, or open abdominal surgery, to
remove growths, or a hysterectomy --
removal of the uterus and possibly all or part
of the ovaries. Although this treatment has a
high success rate, endometriosis still recurs
for about 15% of women who had their
uterus and ovaries removed.
22. Then what’s the best Endometriosis Alternative
Treatment ? Well,it mainly depends on your own
diseases condtions,usually,the herbs for
endometriosis suits for endometriois of all ages,it
can help get rid of endometriosis from root
causes,no recurring,no side effects, but if your
conditions is severe,then surgery is neccessory,but
after surgery,you can also take herbs fuyan pill for
eliminating inflammation, killing bacteria, clearing
heat and promoting blood circulation to get a better
treatment conditions.