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中西园林20160913-（2）.pptx
- 1. Zhou Xiangpin 周向频| Chinese and Western Classical Garden 2023/7/23 1 Chinese and Western Classical Garden 中西古典园林 Comparison between Chinese and Western Gardens in different types 不同类型园林的中西比较 PH,D Associate Prof. Zhou Xiangpin 周向频 2015.11.03 Assistant：Zheng Liqun郑力群
- 2. Zhou Xiangpin 周向频| Chinese and Western Classical Garden • Royal Gardens皇家园林 • Private Gardens私家园林 • Temple Gardens 寺观园林 2023/7/23 2
- 3. Zhou Xiangpin 周向频| Chinese and Western Classical Garden 皇家园林 Royal Gardens 2023/7/23 3
- 4. Zhou Xiangpin 周向频| Chinese and Western Classical Garden Compare YÒU with Hunting garden 囿VS狩猎园 • All satisfy emperor or king that they want to enjoy hunting • Animals ,trees and ponds • Large scale 2023/7/23 4
- 5. Zhou Xiangpin 周向频| Chinese and Western Classical Garden 甲骨文 Oracle bone script 皇家园林起源于中国古代皇帝的一种狩猎游戏 The Chines royal gardens originated in the ancient game reserves of the Chinese emperors. 早在商朝，皇帝和贵族就热衷于狩猎, 把自然景 色优美的地方圈起来，放养禽兽，池中养鱼， 供帝王狩猎。皇家园林逐渐成型。 Early in the Shang Dynasty(1700~1100BC), emperors and aristocrats keen on hunting and chose the areas where birds and beasts were plentiful as their hunting sites, where they kept animals, raised fish in ponds and built pavilions.Gradually, the royal parks took their shape. 囿(you) 圃 ORIGIN 囿 YOU 2023/7/23 5
- 6. Zhou Xiangpin 周向频| Chinese and Western Classical Garden Dating back to ZHOU dynasty(1046~256BC), these areas of forests ,woods and animals ,called ‘You’ in Chinese ,covered dozens of square kilometers. This is garden belong to the emperor Zhou ,called “Ling You” in Chinese, there are many beasts in the garden and also many fishes in the ponds. 周文王建灵囿，方七十里，其间草木茂盛， 鸟兽繁衍。最初的“囿”，就是把自然景色 优美的地方圈起来，放养禽兽，供帝王狩猎， 所以也叫游囿。 周文王 灵囿 Ling YOU 1059~1056BC “王在灵囿，麀鹿攸伏，麀鹿濯濯，百鸟翯 翯。王在灵沼，於牣鱼跃。” 2023/7/23 6
- 7. Zhou Xiangpin 周向频| Chinese and Western Classical Garden In the highlands to the north, the Assyrians and Persians developed great tree-filled parks for hunting on horseback. They planned rectangular walled within wild beasts.The land and garden was irrigated by pools and canals .They were usually set in vast barren plains. hunting scenarios in reliefs,Assurnasirpal II ,883~859BC 亚述那西尔二世骑马打猎的浮雕 DARIUS HUNTING IN A GROVE OF PALMS 大流士(古波斯帝国国王)打猎图 在北方的高地上，随着马匹的驯化,亚述人和 波斯人则发展了用于狩园。把圈起来的一大片 土地上,种有整齐树木 , 园内放养野兽, 供人 骑马捕猎.里面有水池和沟渠灌溉，树荫遮阳， 一般都建造在广阔的贫瘠的平原上。 狩猎园 亚述 about 1000BC Hunting garden Assyrians 2023/7/23 7
- 8. Zhou Xiangpin 周向频| Chinese and Western Classical Garden Compare The summer palace with Garden of Versailles 颐和园VS凡尔赛宫花园 2023/7/23 8
- 9. Zhou Xiangpin 周向频| Chinese and Western Classical Garden The royal gardens reached the peak of their splendor in the Qing Dynasty. During the time from the Kangxi Period (康熙) to the Qianlong Period (乾隆), the emperors had many gardens built on a grand scale. Besides the reconstruction of the royal garden of the Three Seas, there were also Three Mountains and Five Gardens. 颐和园 The summer palace 1750~1765AD 2023/7/23 9
- 10. Zhou Xiangpin 周向频| Chinese and Western Classical Garden 颐和园 The summer palace 1750~1765AD The Summer Palace (颐和园; pinyin: Yíhéyuán)is a vast ensemble of lakes, gardens and palaces in Beijing, China. Mainly dominated by Longevity Hill (万寿山; Wànshòu Shān) and Kunming Lake (昆明 湖; Kūnmíng Hú), it covers an expanse of 2.9 square kilometres (1.1 sq mi), three-quarters of which is water. 2023/7/23 10
- 11. Zhou Xiangpin 周向频| Chinese and Western Classical Garden 2023/7/23 11 凡尔赛宫花园 Garden of Versailles, France Evolving with the château, the gardens of Versailles represent one of the finest examples in French garden design.
- 12. Zhou Xiangpin 周向频| Chinese and Western Classical Garden 2023/7/23 12 In the 1760s, William Cavendish, 4th Duke of Devonshire redirected the approach to Chatsworth. He invited Brown to reconstruct the garden .one part had been transformed to British natural garden. 凡尔赛宫花园 Garden of Versailles
- 13. Zhou Xiangpin 周向频| Chinese and Western Classical Garden 2023/7/23 13 颐和园 The summer palace 1750~1765AD Axis（轴线） Similarities：show power of the Royal family Differences： Asymmetric (不对称的) axis in The summer palace
- 14. Zhou Xiangpin 周向频| Chinese and Western Classical Garden 2023/7/23 14 凡尔赛宫花园 Garden of Versailles Axis 轴线 Similarities：show power of the Royal family Differences： Symmetrical (对称的) axis in The Garden of Versailles
- 15. Zhou Xiangpin 周向频| Chinese and Western Classical Garden 私家园林 Private Gardens 2023/7/23 15
- 16. Zhou Xiangpin 周向频| Chinese and Western Classical Garden Urban private garden 城市私园 2023/7/23 16
- 17. Zhou Xiangpin 周向频| Chinese and Western Classical Garden In general, private gardens in the cities were small in size, so the designers employed various architectural techniques to arrange the position and expand the visual space, such as winding and covering, hiding and revealing, closing and opening, separating and borrowing, to raise visitors’ awareness of the esthetic use of space. Steming from the nature, and surpassing the natural Private garde in China 中国私家园林 2023/7/23 17 Regular：Scales generally larger, pay attention to rules, symmetry are neat. There is still a clear axis and geometrical para relationship, even the trees and flowers to trim molding and built into the geometric relationships. Natural：According to the size of the land , artistically combining the local nature of the elements of the nature and showing in front of people Private garde in Western countries 西方私家园林
- 18. Zhou Xiangpin 周向频| Chinese and Western Classical Garden Hiding and Revealing hiding revealing The Lingering Garden 留园 Private garde in China 中国私家园林
- 19. Zhou Xiangpin 周向频| Chinese and Western Classical Garden The ElEMENTS of Chinese garden • Artificial hills • Winding water • Natural plants • Appropriate architecture 2023/7/23 19 Private garde in China 中国私家园林
- 20. Zhou Xiangpin 周向频| Chinese and Western Classical Garden Plan of a house, Ancient Greek 2023/7/23 20 Private garde in Western countries 西方私家园林 Garden in a house, Ancient Greek
- 21. Zhou Xiangpin 周向频| Chinese and Western Classical Garden Private garde Of the West 西方私家园林 The ELEMENTS of the gardens in the west • sculpture • Regular pool、fountain • Geometric plants 2023/7/23 21 House of the Gilded Cupids, Pompeii, Italy
- 22. Zhou Xiangpin 周向频| Chinese and Western Classical Garden Manor and villa 庄园、别墅 2023/7/23 22
- 23. Zhou Xiangpin 周向频| Chinese and Western Classical Garden Wangchuan Manor ，Tang Dynasty， Wang Wei (Poet，painter) 辋川别业，唐，王维(诗人，画家) 2023/7/23 23 Conforming to nature顺应自然 Garden inside a garden园中有园
- 24. Zhou Xiangpin 周向频| Chinese and Western Classical Garden 2023/7/23 24 Wangchuan Manor ，Tang Dynasty， Wang Wei (Poet，painter) 辋川别业，唐，王维(诗人，画家) Conforming to nature顺应自然 Garden inside a garden园中有园 One part of the drawing
- 25. Zhou Xiangpin 周向频| Chinese and Western Classical Garden Villa Lante，Italy 兰特庄园 • Axis • Terrace garden 2023/7/23 25
- 26. Zhou Xiangpin 周向频| Chinese and Western Classical Garden 寺观园林 Temple Gardens 2023/7/23 26
- 27. Zhou Xiangpin 周向频| Chinese and Western Classical Garden 2023/7/23 27 寺观园林 Temple Garden Natural Pattern Temple Gardens Irregular Axis Form形式
- 28. Zhou Xiangpin 周向频| Chinese and Western Classical Garden 2023/7/23 28 寺观园林 Temple Garden Geometry Pattern Regular Axis Monastery Gardens Basilica, Paradiso … Form形式
- 29. Zhou Xiangpin 周向频| Chinese and Western Classical Garden 2023/7/23 29 寺观园林 Temple Garden Function功能 Temple Gardens Festival Activities Scholar Activities ….. Religious Activities Activities place
- 30. Zhou Xiangpin 周向频| Chinese and Western Classical Garden 2023/7/23 30 寺观园林 Temple Garden Monastery Gardens Living place & Hospital & Education Place Orchard Herb Garden ….. Vegetable Garden Function功能
Editor's Notes
- #19 The most frequently applied techniques in garden construction were the masterly use of contrast between the straight and the winding, the closed and the open, and the light and the shade. The Lingering Garden was a good example: the entrance path to the garden was spiral and the Pavilion of Intertwined Old Trees was located partially in dark shadows beside the entrance. Then, all of a sudden, the view became open and bright at the Hanbi Mountain Lodge （涵 碧 山 房）, where a clear pond was surrounded by artificial hills, with terraces winding on the left and pavilions standing on the right, forming a picturesque natural landscape. However, if visitors walked through the long and narrow corridors in the eastern Winding Brook Chamber and the West Building into the tremendous Enchanted Hall of Five Peaks, they would get the feeling of being indoors. Then, after walking through the small but airy gardens, such as the Crane Garden, the Small Courtyard of Stone Forests and the Peak House, visitors would arrive at the big gardens like the Cloud-Crowned Peak and the Hall for Eminent Elders; they would be inspired by the greatness and spaciousness and by the magnificent view. Frequent transitions between opening and shrinking in space, bright and dim in light, and large and small in size could effectively raise visitors’ awareness of the esthetic use of space.
- #21 列柱中庭在住宅中的出现。中庭大部分开始浦砌了地面，因为没有栽花种草，所以代之以赤陶雕像。盆栽及大理石的喷泉等。随着城市生活水平的提高，人们在中庭上种植了各式各样的植物。