1. The document discusses technology in education, defining it as the use of tools and equipment to expedite and improve the teaching and learning process. 2. Technology includes devices, modifications, procedures and the teacher, who applies various instructional materials and methods to facilitate student learning. 3. The document then provides examples of educational technology terms and concepts, such as adaptive learning, virtual classrooms, MOOCs, blended learning, and learning management systems.

2. 1. Technology as the use of gadgets, tools, or equipment
to perform a task expediently and efficiently
It is the knowing, making, modifying, and using of tools,
machines, techniques, crafts, systems, and methods of
organization, in order to solve problem, improve a pre-
existing solution to the problem, achieve a goal, handle an
applied input/ output relation or perform a specific function.

3. 2. Technology as the collection of tools, including
machinery, modifications, arrangements and
procedures
This refers to reliable devices that enable one to make
presentations repeatedly.

4.  Other Gadgets as Technology
Other technology-related appliances are radio,
television, music player, and digital camera. This
equipment entertains people through listening,
watching or documenting events. Technology is used
by following a process and most often desired products
are obtained.
Classrooms are equipped with electric fans to provide
a well-ventilated and convenient classroom
environment.

5.  The Teacher as a Technology
One very important technology asset is the teacher.
The teacher facilitates learning through the use of varied
instructional materials like the books, the blackboard,
magazines, newspaper, library materials, and visual aids.
A number of theories of learning are applied by the teacher
as well as repeated practices, monitoring, and evaluation
of instruction to make sure that students will learn.
All the teacher’s effort and creativity in teaching are
considered technology.

6. Some
of
Related
Educational
Technology
Terms 1 - Adaptive Learning
 This is an educational method which uses computers as
interactive teaching devices. Computers adapt the
presentation of educational material according to students'
learning needs, as indicated by their responses to questions
and tasks. The motivation is to allow electronic education to
incorporate the value of the interactivity afforded to a student
by an actual human teacher or tutor. The technology
encompasses aspects derived from various fields of study
including computer science, education, and psychology.

7. 2 - Virtual Classroom
 "A virtual classroom is an online learning environment.
The environment can be web-based and accessed through
a portal or software-based and require a downloadable
executable file. Just like in a real-world classroom, a
student in a virtual classroom participates in synchronous
instruction, which means that the teacher and students are
logged into the virtual learning environment at the same
time.
Some
of
Related
Educational
Technology
Terms

8. Some
of
Related
Educational
Technology
Terms 3 - MOOCS
 "MOOC is an acronym for “massive open online course”. It
refers to a web-based class designed to support a large
number of participants. Typically, students enrolled in a
MOOC watch video lectures – often sliced into digestible
10 or 15-minute segments – and interact with instructors
and fellow participants in online forums. Some MOOCs
require students to take online tests or quizzes with multiple
choice answers that can be graded automatically, while
others require students to complete peer-reviewed
assignments. Some MOOCs use a combination of these
assessments."

9. Some
of
Related
Educational
Technology
Terms 4 - Synchronous Vs Asynchronous Learning
 "Synchronous online classes are those that require students and
instructors to be online at the same time. Lectures, discussions,
and presentations occur at a specific hour. All students must be
online at that specific hour in order to participate.
Asynchronous classes are just the opposite. Instructors provide
materials, lectures, tests, and assignments that can be accessed
at any time. Students may be given a timeframe – usually a
one-week window – during which they need to connect at least
once or twice. But overall, students are free to contribute
whenever they choose."

10. Some
of
Related
Educational
Technology
Terms
5 - Blended Learning
 " A blended learning approach combines face to face
classroom methods with computer-mediated activities to
form an integrated instructional approach. In the past,
digital materials have served in a supplementary role,
helping to support face to face instruction. For example, a
blended approach to a traditional, face to face course might
mean that the class meets once per week instead of the usual
three-session format. Learning activities that otherwise
would have taken place during classroom time can be
moved online.

11. Some
of
Related
Educational
Technology
Terms
6 - Flipped Classroom
 Flipped Classroom is an inverted method of instruction
where teaching and learning take place outside of the
class while homework is done in the classroom.

12. Some
of
Related
Educational
Technology
Terms
7 - Self-directed Learning
 ‘Self-directed learning’ describes a process by which
individuals take the initiative, with you without the assistance
of others, in diagnosing their learning needs, formulating
learning goals, identify human and material resources for
learning, choosing and implement appropriate learning
strategies, and evaluating learning outcomes.” (Knowels 1975
cited in 6).

13. Some
of
Related
Educational
Technology
Terms
8 - Learning Management Systems
 "A learning management system (LMS) is a software
application or Web-based technology used to plan, implement,
and assess a specific learning process. Typically, a learning
management system provides an instructor with a way to create
and deliver content, monitor student participation, and assess
student performance. A learning management system may also
provide students with the ability to use interactive features such
as threaded discussions, video conferencing, and discussion
forums.'’

14. Some
of
Related
Educational
Technology
Terms
9 - Cloud Based Learning
 "Essentially, the Cloud is a notion of a group of computers
acting as one – and all connected to a network (and usually,
the World Wide Web). Further, the Cloud is a model of
computing that allows for scaling of resources based upon
real-time needs. So, if there are many users utilizing the
system, a larger number of resources will be called upon to
help distribute the load.

15. Some
of
Related
Educational
Technology
Terms
10 - Mobile Learning
 "Mobile learning is the ability to obtain or provide educational
content on personal pocket devices such as PDAs, smartphones
and mobile phones. Educational content refers to digital learning
assets which includes any form of content or media made
available on a personal device."

16. Some
of
Related
Educational
Technology
Terms
11 - Course Management System (CMS)
 "A course management system is a set of tools that enables the
instructor to create online course content and post it on the Web
without having to handle HTML or other programming
languages."

17. Some
of
Related
Educational
Technology
Terms
12 - E-learning
 E-Learning means "electronic learning" — it refers to a wide
range of applications and processes designed to deliver
instruction through electronic means. Usually this means over
the Web, however it also can include CD-ROM or video-
conferencing through satellite transmission. The definition of
E-learning is broader than, but includes, "online learning,"
"Web-based training," and "computer-based training."

18. Some
of
Related
Educational
Technology
Terms
13 - Gamification
 "Gamification typically involves applying game design
thinking to non-game applications to make them more fun and
engaging."

19. DESIGN
DEVELOPMENT
UTILIZATION
MANAGEMENT
EVALUATION
THEORY
AND
PRACTICE
Five Domains of Educational Technology

20. Five Domains of Educational Technology
Domain 1: Design
 Establishing a framework to guide in planning the educational technology
Domain 2: Development
 Using the design or framework, materials are produced and developed
Domain 3: Utilization
 Implementing and using the learning materials used to enhance knowledge and skills of
learners. It is also known as the action phase.
Domain 4: Management
 Monitoring, assessing, and giving judgment on the extent of usefulness of the learning
material in achieving the expected outcomes
Domain 5: Evaluation
 It is applied in the implementation of all the different domains and its effect on the
outcomes of learning

21.  Technology Focus
The focus on integration of technology will be on facilitating
and enhancing the teaching-learning episodes undertaken by
both the teachers and the students. The degree of utilization
of tools and techniques to improve student learning
constitute the main concern of Educational Technology
manifested by the acquisition of the intended learning
outcomes.

22.  Technological Competence
It refers to the ability to use with ease and confidence the
equipment, tools or gadgets mentioned above. The correct and
careful use of those tools and gadgets will lead to satisfaction
to the user. The guiding principle in technological competence
is to master the instructions first before using the equipment,
tools or gadgets.