1_ppt_biotechnology (1).pptx
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This document discusses various genetic engineering techniques that could be used to create a non-browning apple, including selective breeding, hybridization, and genetic modification. Selective breeding could involve choosing apples with less browning traits to breed together. Hybridization involves crossing apples with other plants to combine traits, while genetic modification involves directly inserting genes, such as a gene to suppress the browning process, without traditional breeding. The document provides examples of each technique and how it could apply to developing an apple that doesn't brown after slicing.
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Biotechnology can be used to engineer organisms for useful purposes. Key applications discussed in the document include animal cloning, gene cloning for pharmaceutical production, embryonic stem cells, DNA fingerprinting, and genetically modified foods. Cloning animals can help answer biological questions but raises ethical issues. Gene cloning is used to produce human insulin in bacteria and other pharmaceuticals. Embryonic stem cells show promise for therapies but their use is also ethically debated. DNA fingerprinting is a powerful forensic tool that has been used in criminal cases. Genetically modified crops are widespread but their environmental effects remain uncertain.
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Selective breeding involves breeding animals or plants with desired traits to increase those traits in future generations. Genetic variations arise from mutations that can occur naturally or be induced by factors like radiation. While most mutations are harmless, some can be beneficial or harmful, like cancer-causing mutations. Techniques like hybridization and genetic engineering allow further manipulation of organisms by combining genes from different species or rewriting DNA. Transgenic organisms containing genes from other species have potential applications in medicine, agriculture, and materials production, but also raise ethical issues.
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Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering.pptx
Explain the chemical shifts of different types of protons for ethanol moleculeExplain the chemical shifts of different types of protons for ethanol moleculeExplain the chemical shifts of different types of protons for ethanol moleculeExplain the chemical shifts of different types of protons for ethanol moleculeExplain the chemical shifts of different types of protons for ethanol moleculeExplain the chemical shifts of different types of protons for ethanol moleculeExplain the chemical shifts of different types of protons for ethanol moleculeExplain the chemical shifts of different types of protons for ethanol moleculeExplain the chemical shifts of different types of protons for ethanol moleculeExplain the chemical shifts of different types of protons for ethanol moleculeExplain the chemical shifts of different types of protons for ethanol moleculeExplain the chemical shifts of different types of protons for ethanol moleculeExplain the chemical shifts of different types of protons for ethanol moleculeExplain the chemical shifts of different types of protons for ethanol moleculeExplain the chemical shifts of different types of protons for ethanol moleculeExplain the chemical shifts of different types of protons for ethanol moleculeExplain the chemical shifts of different types of protons for ethanol moleculeExplain the chemical shifts of different types of protons for ethanol moleculeExplain the chemical shifts of different types of protons for ethanol moleculeExplain the chemical shifts of different types of protons for ethanol moleculeExplain the chemical shifts of different types of protons for ethanol moleculeExplain the chemical shifts of different types of protons for ethanol moleculeExplain the chemical shifts of different types of protons for ethanol moleculeExplain the chemical shifts of different types of protons for ethanol moleculeExplain the chemical shifts of different types of protons for ethanol moleculeExplain the chemical shifts of different types of protons for ethanol moleculeExplain the chemical shifts of different types of protons for ethanol moleculeExplain the chemical shifts of different types of protons for ethanol moleculeExplain the chemical shifts of different types of protons for ethanol moleculeExplain the chemical shifts of different types of protons for ethanol moleculeExplain the chemical shifts of different types of protons for ethanol moleculeExplain the chemical shifts of different types of protons for ethanol moleculeExplain the chemical shifts of different types of protons for ethanol moleculeExplain the chemical shifts of different types of protons for ethanol moleculeExplain the chemical shifts of different types of protons for ethanol moleculeExplain the chemical shifts of different types of protons for ethanol moleculeExplain the chemical shifts of different types of protons for ethanol moleculeExplain the chemical shifts of different types of protons for ethanol moleculeExplain the chemical shifts of diffe
Biotechnology PP_Genetic Engineering_RD.pptx
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This document discusses various techniques in genetic engineering, including selective breeding, recombinant DNA, PCR, gel electrophoresis, and transgenic organisms. Selective breeding has been used for thousands of years to develop desirable traits in crops and livestock. Recombinant DNA technology allows genes to be transferred between organisms, and was first applied to bacteria in the 1970s. Genetically modified crops and animals have been created to increase disease resistance, milk and meat production, and other beneficial traits. DNA analysis using PCR and gel electrophoresis can be used to identify individuals through their unique genetic fingerprints.
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Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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- 2. Problem: Restaurants and grocery stores want to be able to sell apple slices, but once you slice the apple, it begins to brown. Is it possible to create an apple that doesn’t turn brown? How would you do this?
- 3. Farmers have been changing organisms for years through…. ●Selective Breeding Choosing the “best” traits for breeding ●Most domestic animals are products of this process, also known as artificial selection.
- 4. Sometimes new breeds are created because a chance MUTATION changes some aspect of the organism. Scottish Fold cat - a mutation results in the ears turning downward. Wild mustard plants are the ancestors of many of these grocery store staples.
- 5. Most domestic animals are the result of artificial selection
- 6. Could selective breeding be used to create a non-browning apple? What would you need?
- 7. Organisms can also be changed by crossbreeding them with other organisms to try to blend the traits. Poodles don’t shed, if you want a non-shedding type of golden retriever, try a “golden-doodle.” You could also get a “labradoodle!”
- 8. These are also referred to as hybrids. Some of the fruit you eat are actually hybrids. Tangerine + grapefruit = tangelo How could you use hybridization to create a non-browning apple? Granny smith apples are a cross between the european wild apple and the domestic apple
- 9. Let’s review some concepts we’ve talked about so far: 1. Biotechnology 2. Artificial selection 3. Selective breeding 4. Hybridization 5. Domestication 6. Mutants
- 10. What if we could insert genes into a species without having to go through the breeding process? GENETIC MODIFICATION (genetic engineering) Organisms that contain genes from more than one species (or inserted genes) are called: TRANSGENIC organisms
- 11. Gene causes these mice to glow in the dark. Normally, the gene is found in jellyfish.
- 12. Transgenic Organisms - Contain genes from other species 1.Bacteria contain human insulin genes 2.Animals who can produce more milk (or spider silk!) 3.Plants that are resistant to pests
- 14. GMO = genetically modified organism ● organism whose genome has been altered by the techniques of genetic engineering ● Genes are usually added ● Sometimes genes are removed How could we use genetic modification to create a non- browning apple? What would we need to know?
- 15. DNA extraction – process where DNA is removed from cells The sequence of DNA can be used for: - paternity tests - solving crimes - establishing lineages (evolution) - diagnosing disorders
- 16. How is DNA analyzed? Gel Electrophoresis - DNA is cut into fragments, and separated by size.
- 19. This image shows a DNA fingerprint where DNA from a bloodstain at a crime scene is compared to suspect DNA. Which suspect is a match to the bloodstain?
- 20. This is what a DNA fingerprint would look like for a paternity test. Which male is the father?
- 21. Electrophoresis can diagnosis sickle cell anemia.
- 22. Cloning 1. Organisms with the same genetic code 2. Twins are natural clones 3. Clones can be created in the lab The first clones were made with this process: ARTIFICIAL TWINNING
- 23. How to Clone a Sheep
- 24. We have the technology to clone humans, but should we? Can you think of any good reasons for cloning an organism? What about a human?
- 25. Clones do exist naturally. These are identical twins.
- 27. 1. An animal that contains the genes of another species, like the glow-in-the- dark mice, is called a __________ organism. 2. A _______ is a genetically identical organism. 3. In humans, a naturally occurring clone is a ________ 4. The first mammal that was cloned from a skin cell was a _______
- 28. 5. With regard to cloning...it is necessary to have which of the following? Check all that apply... ___Cell from the adult to be cloned ___Egg with nucleus intact ___Embryo ___Surrogate mother ___ Sperm ___ Stem cells ___ Egg with nucleus removed
- 29. This “arctic apple” has been modified to remove the gene that causes browning. It is not transgenic.