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1.--- Evaluate the ethical concerns that information technologies raise in society and the impact of information technologies on crime, terrorism, and war. 2.---- As a field of study, cyberethics is mainly understood as a branch of applied ethics. As opposed to theoretical ethics, applied ethics examines practical ethical issues. From the reading, identify one example in the textbook of applied cyberethics and one example of theoretical cyberethics. 3.----A possible view is that business and ethics simply have nothing to do with each other, and that the term “business ethics” is an oxymoron. Immoral behavior of individual market participants, such as high-profile managers or corporations (e.g., Enron, WorldCom, etc.), sometimes appear to support this view. Explain whether or not you agree and support your rationale. 4.----Consider that computers are becoming ubiquitous and have “ pervaded” our work and recreational environments. Objects in these environments already exhibit (or will very soon do so) what Brey (2005) and others call “ambient intelligence,” which enables “smart objects” to be connected to one another via wireless technology. Some consider Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology to be the first step in what they refer to as pervasive or ubiquitous computing. Elaborate on the possible implications of this trend for cyberethics. 2 and 1/2 pages please. .
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Business and Cyberethics Please respond to the following A po.docx
"Business and Cyberethics" Please respond to the following:
A possible view is that business and ethics simply have nothing to do with each other, and that the term “business ethics” is an oxymoron. Immoral behavior of individual market participants, such as high-profile managers or corporations (e.g., Enron, WorldCom, etc.), sometimes appear to support this view. Explain whether or not you agree and support your rationale.
Consider that computers are becoming ubiquitous and have “ pervaded” our work and recreational environments. Objects in these environments already exhibit (or will very soon do so) what Brey (2005) and others call “ambient intelligence,” which enables “smart objects” to be connected to one another via wireless technology. Some consider Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology to be the first step in what they refer to as pervasive or ubiquitous computing. Elaborate on the possible implications of this trend for cyberethics.
(There is no limit on words and does not need to be in Apa format...)
.
Globalcompose.com sample essay paper on cyber ethics
This document provides an overview of cyber ethics, including:
- Defining cyber ethics as the study of the impact of computer technology on ethics and the design of policies for its ethical use.
- Describing the evolution of cyber ethics in four phases from the 1950s to the present.
- Explaining that cyber technology has unique ethical aspects due to its logical malleability and the unintentional power embedded in its design.
- Outlining three perspectives that cyber ethics can be viewed from: as a field of professional ethics, philosophical ethics, or descriptive ethics.
- Highlighting some key ethical issues in cyber technology like privacy, accuracy, intellectual property, and access.
- Providing a strategy
Globalcompose.com sample essay paper on cyber ethics
This document discusses cyber ethics and its evolution. It defines cyber ethics as the study of the impact of computer technology on ethics and the design of policies for its ethical use. The evolution of cyber ethics is summarized in four phases from the 1950s to the present. Key issues in each phase included the impact of computers, privacy, intellectual property, computer crime, free speech and more. The document argues cyber ethics is a unique field because computer technology is logically malleable and can be designed with unintentional power, creating new policy vacuums.
Strategies for Answering Discussion and Essay Questions .docx
Strategies for Answering Discussion and Essay Questions
Chapter 1
I: Strategies for selected Discussion and Essay Questions in Chapter 1 (See pages 30-31
in the textbook)
A. Strategies for Selected Discussion Questions in Chapter 1
4. Gotterbarn’s arguments are well constructed, and Gotterbarn makes a plausible case for
why computer ethics should be conceived of as field of professional ethics. In defense of
Gotterbarn’s position, we must concede that an understanding of professional-responsibility
issues is critical to an adequate understanding and analysis of computer ethics issues. In the
period of computing preceding the World Wide Web, Gotterbarn’s argument for why the field
of computer ethics should be conceived of as an area of professional ethics (whose primary
concern was for computer professionals) was plausible. At that time, many (if not most) of the
ethical issues involving computers directly affected the computing profession. Since then,
however, two important factors have influenced the field. First, a new (and broader) wave of
computer-related ethical issues emerged when the Internet became accessible to ordinary
people. Second, most people who currently use computers, either for work or for recreational
purposes, are not computer professionals. So, it would seem that we need a much broader
conception of the field than the one proposed by Gotterbarn. However, we also saw that
Gotterbarn’s view may ultimately turn out to be correct as more and more traditional
computer-ethics issues, such as those involving privacy, property, speech, and so forth,
become folded into “ordinary ethics.”
6. If we apply the first two-steps of the methodology described in Sec. 1.6 (entitled “A
Comprehensive Strategy for Approaching Cyberethics Issues”), we must first identify what
the ethical issues are in this case. Here, issues involving the personal privacy of Internet users
would seem to be apparent; so we have identified at least one ethical issue. Next, we need to
see whether there are any “policy vacuums” associated with this particular issue. There would
indeed seem to be a policy vacuum in the sense that neither ISPs nor ordinary users have a
clear understanding of a law or a policy for determining whether personal information about a
user’s online activities can be given to a non-law-enforcement organization merely because
some organization suspects one or more subscribers to an ISP of having violated copyright
laws. Consider that the RIAA is not a law enforcement agency. So, a policy vacuum
regarding cybertechnology once again emerges, and this vacuum or void needs to be filled
with a clear and explicit policy.
B. Strategies for Selected Essay Questions in Chapter 1
1. As we saw in this chapter of the textbook, a relatively recent practice that has generated
considerably controversy involved the way that the Recording Industry Association of
America (RIAA) .
a.pptx
Cyberethics examines the moral, legal and social issues arising from cyber technology. It studies the impact of cyber technology on social and legal systems, and evaluates policies and laws developed in response. Cyberethics aims to protect personal information, control misuse like plagiarism, make technology accessible, and suppress dishonest business practices while protecting fair competition. The concept originated in the 1940s with Norbert Wiener's work on cybernetics, which discussed ethical concerns around information feedback systems.
Write a two to three page critical essay dealing with the follow.docx
Write a
two to three
page critical essay dealing with the following questions.
The Internet of Things (IoT) consists of about 8 billion devices worldwide, which are often targeted as the launching point for devastating cyber-attacks. If that fact were not troubling enough, a new paradigm of connectivity on the horizon will eclipse the IoT in size, complexity, and opportunity. The Internet of Everything (IoE) will connect people in more relevant and valuable ways, convert data into intelligence to make better decisions, and allow for delivery of the right information to the right person or machine at the right time by utilizing the physical devices and objects connected to the Internet and each other for intelligent decision making. In essence, the IoE will lead to decentralization of business and to distributed information capture, and will push security to the edge. Most of the approximately 50 billion devices will be consumer devices, managed by individuals with no specialized training in cybersecurity, and no advanced degrees in computer science. This trend will continue to have a major impact on information technology as we move to more ubiquitous technology. How has the distributed nature of IoT infrastructure changed networking fundamentals, such as network architecture, services, and transmissions?
Search the Internet to find
an example of a hacking activity or situation that represents a morally, ethically, or criminally ambiguous situation that took advantage of this new technology phenomenon
which demonstrates
a failure of traditional network fundamental practices
.
Write a critical essay that addresses the following items:
1. Cite and briefly describe your example.
2. Apply what you have learned from the course to this point to identify arguments both in support of and critical of the behavior of the attackers.
3. Describe and explain the relationships among morality, ethics, law, and crime as they intersect in the case example you have found.
Discuss and cite at least two credible or scholarly sources other than the course textbook to support your analysis and positions. You may cite the course textbooks as well. Use APA style guidelines, citing references as appropriate. Your paper should be two to three pages in length.
Book:
Kizza, Joseph Migga.
Computer network security and cyber ethics
. McFarland, 2014.
...
Cybersecurity - Cooperation or Proliferation
This document provides background information on cyber security and examines the potential trade-off between cooperation on cyber security and the proliferation of cyber weapons. It discusses how states' increasing reliance on cyber infrastructure has created new vulnerabilities that can be exploited by cyber weapons. The document also explores the proliferation problem posed by cyber weapons as their code can easily spread and be reused by others. It argues there may be a fundamental choice between cooperating to improve cyber security, which requires disclosure of vulnerabilities, and developing cyber weapons, which relies on keeping vulnerabilities secret. The proliferation of cyber weapons could thus undermine prospects for international cooperation on cyber security.
An ABC of cyberethics
This document provides an overview of cyberethics. It defines key terms like cybertechnology and computer ethics. It explains that cyberethics captures a broader range of ethical issues than computer ethics, including those related to the internet and networked communication systems. The document also describes cyberethics as a branch of applied ethics and traces its evolution through four phases as computing technology advanced. Finally, it outlines three perspectives for understanding cyberethics: as a field of professional ethics, philosophical ethics, and sociological/descriptive ethics.
Recommended
Business and Cyberethics Please respond to the following A po.docx
"Business and Cyberethics" Please respond to the following:
A possible view is that business and ethics simply have nothing to do with each other, and that the term “business ethics” is an oxymoron. Immoral behavior of individual market participants, such as high-profile managers or corporations (e.g., Enron, WorldCom, etc.), sometimes appear to support this view. Explain whether or not you agree and support your rationale.
Consider that computers are becoming ubiquitous and have “ pervaded” our work and recreational environments. Objects in these environments already exhibit (or will very soon do so) what Brey (2005) and others call “ambient intelligence,” which enables “smart objects” to be connected to one another via wireless technology. Some consider Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology to be the first step in what they refer to as pervasive or ubiquitous computing. Elaborate on the possible implications of this trend for cyberethics.
(There is no limit on words and does not need to be in Apa format...)
.
Globalcompose.com sample essay paper on cyber ethics
This document provides an overview of cyber ethics, including:
- Defining cyber ethics as the study of the impact of computer technology on ethics and the design of policies for its ethical use.
- Describing the evolution of cyber ethics in four phases from the 1950s to the present.
- Explaining that cyber technology has unique ethical aspects due to its logical malleability and the unintentional power embedded in its design.
- Outlining three perspectives that cyber ethics can be viewed from: as a field of professional ethics, philosophical ethics, or descriptive ethics.
- Highlighting some key ethical issues in cyber technology like privacy, accuracy, intellectual property, and access.
- Providing a strategy
Globalcompose.com sample essay paper on cyber ethics
This document discusses cyber ethics and its evolution. It defines cyber ethics as the study of the impact of computer technology on ethics and the design of policies for its ethical use. The evolution of cyber ethics is summarized in four phases from the 1950s to the present. Key issues in each phase included the impact of computers, privacy, intellectual property, computer crime, free speech and more. The document argues cyber ethics is a unique field because computer technology is logically malleable and can be designed with unintentional power, creating new policy vacuums.
Strategies for Answering Discussion and Essay Questions .docx
Strategies for Answering Discussion and Essay Questions
Chapter 1
I: Strategies for selected Discussion and Essay Questions in Chapter 1 (See pages 30-31
in the textbook)
A. Strategies for Selected Discussion Questions in Chapter 1
4. Gotterbarn’s arguments are well constructed, and Gotterbarn makes a plausible case for
why computer ethics should be conceived of as field of professional ethics. In defense of
Gotterbarn’s position, we must concede that an understanding of professional-responsibility
issues is critical to an adequate understanding and analysis of computer ethics issues. In the
period of computing preceding the World Wide Web, Gotterbarn’s argument for why the field
of computer ethics should be conceived of as an area of professional ethics (whose primary
concern was for computer professionals) was plausible. At that time, many (if not most) of the
ethical issues involving computers directly affected the computing profession. Since then,
however, two important factors have influenced the field. First, a new (and broader) wave of
computer-related ethical issues emerged when the Internet became accessible to ordinary
people. Second, most people who currently use computers, either for work or for recreational
purposes, are not computer professionals. So, it would seem that we need a much broader
conception of the field than the one proposed by Gotterbarn. However, we also saw that
Gotterbarn’s view may ultimately turn out to be correct as more and more traditional
computer-ethics issues, such as those involving privacy, property, speech, and so forth,
become folded into “ordinary ethics.”
6. If we apply the first two-steps of the methodology described in Sec. 1.6 (entitled “A
Comprehensive Strategy for Approaching Cyberethics Issues”), we must first identify what
the ethical issues are in this case. Here, issues involving the personal privacy of Internet users
would seem to be apparent; so we have identified at least one ethical issue. Next, we need to
see whether there are any “policy vacuums” associated with this particular issue. There would
indeed seem to be a policy vacuum in the sense that neither ISPs nor ordinary users have a
clear understanding of a law or a policy for determining whether personal information about a
user’s online activities can be given to a non-law-enforcement organization merely because
some organization suspects one or more subscribers to an ISP of having violated copyright
laws. Consider that the RIAA is not a law enforcement agency. So, a policy vacuum
regarding cybertechnology once again emerges, and this vacuum or void needs to be filled
with a clear and explicit policy.
B. Strategies for Selected Essay Questions in Chapter 1
1. As we saw in this chapter of the textbook, a relatively recent practice that has generated
considerably controversy involved the way that the Recording Industry Association of
America (RIAA) .
a.pptx
Cyberethics examines the moral, legal and social issues arising from cyber technology. It studies the impact of cyber technology on social and legal systems, and evaluates policies and laws developed in response. Cyberethics aims to protect personal information, control misuse like plagiarism, make technology accessible, and suppress dishonest business practices while protecting fair competition. The concept originated in the 1940s with Norbert Wiener's work on cybernetics, which discussed ethical concerns around information feedback systems.
Write a two to three page critical essay dealing with the follow.docx
Write a
two to three
page critical essay dealing with the following questions.
The Internet of Things (IoT) consists of about 8 billion devices worldwide, which are often targeted as the launching point for devastating cyber-attacks. If that fact were not troubling enough, a new paradigm of connectivity on the horizon will eclipse the IoT in size, complexity, and opportunity. The Internet of Everything (IoE) will connect people in more relevant and valuable ways, convert data into intelligence to make better decisions, and allow for delivery of the right information to the right person or machine at the right time by utilizing the physical devices and objects connected to the Internet and each other for intelligent decision making. In essence, the IoE will lead to decentralization of business and to distributed information capture, and will push security to the edge. Most of the approximately 50 billion devices will be consumer devices, managed by individuals with no specialized training in cybersecurity, and no advanced degrees in computer science. This trend will continue to have a major impact on information technology as we move to more ubiquitous technology. How has the distributed nature of IoT infrastructure changed networking fundamentals, such as network architecture, services, and transmissions?
Search the Internet to find
an example of a hacking activity or situation that represents a morally, ethically, or criminally ambiguous situation that took advantage of this new technology phenomenon
which demonstrates
a failure of traditional network fundamental practices
.
Write a critical essay that addresses the following items:
1. Cite and briefly describe your example.
2. Apply what you have learned from the course to this point to identify arguments both in support of and critical of the behavior of the attackers.
3. Describe and explain the relationships among morality, ethics, law, and crime as they intersect in the case example you have found.
Discuss and cite at least two credible or scholarly sources other than the course textbook to support your analysis and positions. You may cite the course textbooks as well. Use APA style guidelines, citing references as appropriate. Your paper should be two to three pages in length.
Book:
Kizza, Joseph Migga.
Computer network security and cyber ethics
. McFarland, 2014.
...
Cybersecurity - Cooperation or Proliferation
This document provides background information on cyber security and examines the potential trade-off between cooperation on cyber security and the proliferation of cyber weapons. It discusses how states' increasing reliance on cyber infrastructure has created new vulnerabilities that can be exploited by cyber weapons. The document also explores the proliferation problem posed by cyber weapons as their code can easily spread and be reused by others. It argues there may be a fundamental choice between cooperating to improve cyber security, which requires disclosure of vulnerabilities, and developing cyber weapons, which relies on keeping vulnerabilities secret. The proliferation of cyber weapons could thus undermine prospects for international cooperation on cyber security.
An ABC of cyberethics
This document provides an overview of cyberethics. It defines key terms like cybertechnology and computer ethics. It explains that cyberethics captures a broader range of ethical issues than computer ethics, including those related to the internet and networked communication systems. The document also describes cyberethics as a branch of applied ethics and traces its evolution through four phases as computing technology advanced. Finally, it outlines three perspectives for understanding cyberethics: as a field of professional ethics, philosophical ethics, and sociological/descriptive ethics.
Artificial intelligence
This document summarizes some of the key ethical issues related to advanced robotics. It begins by noting that as robotics technology progresses similarly to computers in recent decades, new social and ethical challenges will arise. These challenges are discussed in three broad categories: safety and errors from unpredictable or dangerous robot behavior, legal and ethical issues regarding robot autonomy and decision making, and the potential social impacts of integrating robots widely into society. The document then provides a working definition of a robot as a machine that can sense, think, and act with some degree of autonomy.
PPIT Lecture 06
This document discusses different perspectives on cyberethics:
1) Professional ethics examines ethical responsibilities of computer professionals.
2) Philosophical ethics analyzes the nature and social impact of technology through ethical theories.
3) Descriptive ethics reports on the actual effects of technology without judgment, informing later normative analysis.
Cyberethics incorporates all three perspectives to understand technology's descriptive effects and prescribe ethical policies and conduct.
Final Paper Draft Outline – Week 7 For the second to last.docx
Final Paper Draft Outline – Week 7
For the second to last homework, you need to submit an outline of your final paper. What does
that mean? You need to read the article “Writing for College: What is an Academic Paper” and
conceptualize what the paper assignment for this course is about:
https://depts.washington.edu/owrc/Handouts/What%20is%20an%20Academic%20Paper.pdf
Next, you need to read the “Final Paper Minimum Requirements” to get a sense of how you shall
start creating the paper. Think of a topic that you are interest the most – it can be a critical paper,
project, applicative hacks – and then apply the instructions from the first two sources indicated.
The draft outline needs to answer:
• what is your topic,
• what are your main sections in the paper,
• what are the preliminary sources you will use,
• how you plan to write in each of these sections/use the sources.
The APA, IEEE, or MLA is required for this assignment. Why? You can just use the same
document to proceed with actually writing the paper, project report, or the white paper of the
hack. You can find the formatting guidelines in the “Paper Guidelines” module in D2L.
Once you have finalized your homework, please take a look at the document named “How to
Read an Academic Paper” that is also attached together in the same D2L module as the other
two. Make sure you read it – it is an excellent and critical tool that you will need in reading the
academic sources you plan to build upon in your paper.
Risking Security: Policies and Paradoxes
of Cyberspace Security
Ronald J. Deibert
University of Toronto
and
Rafal Rohozinski
University of Toronto
Conceptualizations of cyberspace security can be divided into two related
dimensions, articulated as ‘‘risks’’: risks to the physical realm of computer
and communication technologies (risks to cyberspace); and risks that arise
from cyberspace and are facilitated or generated by its technologies, but
do not directly target the infrastructures per se (risks through cyberspace).
There is robust international consensus, growing communities of practice,
and an emerging normative regime around risks to cyberspace. This is less
the case when it comes to risks through cyberspace. While states do collabo-
rate around some policy areas, cooperation declines as the object of risk
becomes politically contestable and where national interests vary widely.
These include the nature of political opposition and the right to dissent
or protest, minority rights and independence movements, religious belief,
cultural values, or historical claims. The contrast between the domains has
led to contradictory tendencies and paradoxical outcomes.
Globalization is generating new security challenges. Modern societies confront a
myriad of risks that threaten economic prosperity, undermine the safety and
security of citizens, and cause significant disruption to society and politics. These
risks range from empowered and mili.
Com354 week.7
This document outlines the topics to be covered in a class on new media ethics. The class will include presentations on digital dilemmas, a discussion of the virtues of virtual reality and games, and a workshop on formulating ethical dilemmas related to the Great Firewall of China and Facebook's policy changes. The document also reviews ethical frameworks like feminist ethics of care, virtue ethics, and Confucian ethics that could be applied to analyze digital dilemmas. It instructs students to watch a video on how virtual reality can foster virtues and human relationships and form ethical questions about two readings on censorship in China and impersonation online.
computer ethics
The document discusses several topics related to computer ethics including:
- The origins of computer ethics stemming from Norbert Wiener's work in cybernetics during World War II.
- Issues around software ethics and users' moral responsibilities when using software.
- Different schools of ethical theory that influence decisions in computer ethics such as relativism.
- Privacy issues on the internet related to data collection, storage, and distribution.
Computer Ethics
This document provides an overview of computer ethics by examining three key areas: copyright and licensing issues, censorship on the internet, and information privacy issues. It traces the history of the field back to Norbert Wiener in the 1940s and discusses how computer technology has evolved rapidly, requiring re-examination of ethics. Ensuring privacy and developing policies to guide ethical computer use are important aspects of the emerging field of computer ethics.
Information Operations Discuss the concept of Information Opera.docx
Information Operations
: Discuss the concept of Information Operations (IO), as defined in class and by the US military. Contrast the difference aspects of IO and explain how it applies and is relevant to cyberwarfare. Discuss where IO falls within the armed forces and how it is currently implemented.
Password Hacking
: Explain password hacking and what tools, processes, and methods we use for this activity. Discuss elements related to password length, complexity, and how this impacts our ability to hack the password. Explain legitimate reasons for conducting password hacking in a corporate environment.
Cyberwarfare Laws
: Explain the need for international laws regarding cyberwarfare and detail the challenges associated with creating them. Detail examples from class on cyber-law governance structures that may be suitable in an international environment (e.g. SALT, FIVE EYES, and Geneva Conventions). Explain how existing laws and concepts (e.g
. jus ad bellum
) may not be suitable for cyberwarfare.
Privacy and Anonymity
: Discuss how cyberspace and access to information has impacted anonymity and privacy. Detail issues such as intelligence gathering on the internet, development of anonymity tools (e.g. TOR), Hacktivism, government transparency, and how they are interrelated. Give examples from the book and class on how we can improve individual privacy in the information age.
Option 2
: Contrast ‘complete privacy’ with ‘complete transparency’ and how these two ideas impact concepts such as freedom of expression and the right to privacy. Contrast the right to privacy with the need for law enforcement and intelligence agencies to have access to information.
Defensive Triad
: Discuss the defensive triad, as defined by Richard Clarke and in class, and contrast this concept with other information security concepts (e.g. CIA triad and IoT). Explain in detail the different elements of the defensive triad and explain how they provide a foundation for a national approach to cybersecurity.
Details: 5-7 pages (not counting cover page and references), APA format, cover page, references.
...
Ethics Case Study Review_JKostak_APA_Style
This document provides a summary and analysis of ethics issues arising in modern networked businesses. It discusses how the integration of corporate, social, and community networks blurs traditional information boundaries and policies. Key points addressed include:
- New stakeholders and dynamic engagement models require updated communications strategies.
- Ethics and governance issues become interwoven across functions as lines are blurred.
- Network security vulnerabilities increase with virtual networks, requiring updated privacy and security policies.
- There must be a balancing of customer privacy, security needs, and transparency demands with business interests.
- A new "Virtual Enterprise Ethics Engagement Model" is proposed to define and manage ethics in integrated virtual networks.
Computer Ethics Analyzing Information Technology.docx
This document provides an introduction and overview to the 4th edition of the textbook "Computer Ethics: Analyzing Information Technology" by Deborah G. Johnson and Keith W. Miller. The introduction discusses the expanded scope of the field from focusing solely on computers to now encompassing information and communication technologies more broadly. It highlights the new theoretical approach incorporating concepts from science and technology studies to analyze technology as sociotechnical systems. Each chapter now begins with scenarios to engage readers and illustrate the concepts covered. The book aims to understand the complex relationships between ethics and evolving technologies.
Computer Ethics Analyzing Information Technology.docx
Computer Ethics
Analyzing Information Technology
Deborah G. Johnson
University of Virginia with contributions from
Keith W. Miller
University of Illinois–Springfield
Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey
Columbus, Ohio
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Johnson, Deborah G.
Computer ethics: analyzing information technology/Deborah G. Johnson
with Keith W. Miller.
—4th ed.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN-13: 978-0-13-111241-4 (alk. paper)
ISBN-10: 0-13-111241-4 (alk. paper)
1. Electronic data processing—Moral and ethical aspects. I. Miller, Keith,
II. Title.
QA76.9.M65J64 2008
303.48’34–dc22
2008040152
Editor in Chief: Dickson Musslewhite
Editorial Assistant: Nart Varoqua
Senior Editor: Dave Repetto
Editorial Assistant: Pat Walsh
Editorial Project Manager: Sarah Holle
Director of Marketing: Brandy Dawson
Marketing Manager: Lindsey Prudhomme
Production Manager: Wanda Rockwell
Creative Director: Jayne Conte
Cover Design: Margaret Kenselaar
Cover Illustration: Guy Crittenden/Stock Illustration Source, Inc.
Full-Service Project Management/Composition: Nitin Agarwal,
Aptara®, Inc.
Printer/Binder: R. R. Donnelley
Credits and acknowledgments borrowed from other sources and
reproduced, with permission, in this textbook appear on the appropriate
page within the text.
Copyright © 2009, 2001, 1994, 1985 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper
Saddle River, New Jersey, 07458.
All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. This
publication is protected by Copyright and permission should be obtained
from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a
retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic,
mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. For information
regarding permission(s), write to: Rights and Permissions Department.
Pearson Education Ltd., London
Pearson Education Singapore, Pte. Ltd
Pearson Education Canada, Inc.
Pearson Education–Japan
Pearson Education Australia PTY, Limited
Pearson Education North Asia, Ltd., Hong Kong
Pearson Educación de Mexico, S.A. de C.V.
Pearson Education Malaysia, Pte. Ltd.
Pearson Education Upper Saddle River, New Jersey
www.pearsonhighered.com
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
ISBN-13: 978-0-13-111241-4
ISBN-10: 0-13-111241-4
http://www.pearsonhighered.com/
Contents
Preface
Acknowledgments
About the Authors
Chapter 1 Introduction to Sociotechnical Computer Ethics
Chapter Outline
Scenarios
1.1 A Virtual Rape
1.2 Surprises About Social Networking
1.3 RFID and Caring for the Elderly
Introduction: Why Computer Ethics?
The Standard Account
New Possibilities, a Vacuum of Policies, Conceptual Muddles
An Update to the Standard Account
The Sociotechnical Systems Perspective
Reject Technological Determinism/Think Coshaping
Reject ...
Computer Ethics Analyzing Information Technology
Computer Ethics
Analyzing Information Technology
Deborah G. Johnson
University of Virginia with contributions from
Keith W. Miller
University of Illinois–Springfield
Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey
Columbus, Ohio
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Johnson, Deborah G.
Computer ethics: analyzing information technology/Deborah G. Johnson
with Keith W. Miller.
—4th ed.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN-13: 978-0-13-111241-4 (alk. paper)
ISBN-10: 0-13-111241-4 (alk. paper)
1. Electronic data processing—Moral and ethical aspects. I. Miller, Keith,
II. Title.
QA76.9.M65J64 2008
303.48’34–dc22
2008040152
Editor in Chief: Dickson Musslewhite
Editorial Assistant: Nart Varoqua
Senior Editor: Dave Repetto
Editorial Assistant: Pat Walsh
Editorial Project Manager: Sarah Holle
Director of Marketing: Brandy Dawson
Marketing Manager: Lindsey Prudhomme
Production Manager: Wanda Rockwell
Creative Director: Jayne Conte
Cover Design: Margaret Kenselaar
Cover Illustration: Guy Crittenden/Stock Illustration Source, Inc.
Full-Service Project Management/Composition: Nitin Agarwal,
Aptara®, Inc.
Printer/Binder: R. R. Donnelley
Credits and acknowledgments borrowed from other sources and
reproduced, with permission, in this textbook appear on the appropriate
page within the text.
Copyright © 2009, 2001, 1994, 1985 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper
Saddle River, New Jersey, 07458.
All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. This
publication is protected by Copyright and permission should be obtained
from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a
retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic,
mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. For information
regarding permission(s), write to: Rights and Permissions Department.
Pearson Education Ltd., London
Pearson Education Singapore, Pte. Ltd
Pearson Education Canada, Inc.
Pearson Education–Japan
Pearson Education Australia PTY, Limited
Pearson Education North Asia, Ltd., Hong Kong
Pearson Educación de Mexico, S.A. de C.V.
Pearson Education Malaysia, Pte. Ltd.
Pearson Education Upper Saddle River, New Jersey
www.pearsonhighered.com
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
ISBN-13: 978-0-13-111241-4
ISBN-10: 0-13-111241-4
http://www.pearsonhighered.com/
Contents
Preface
Acknowledgments
About the Authors
Chapter 1 Introduction to Sociotechnical Computer Ethics
Chapter Outline
Scenarios
1.1 A Virtual Rape
1.2 Surprises About Social Networking
1.3 RFID and Caring for the Elderly
Introduction: Why Computer Ethics?
The Standard Account
New Possibilities, a Vacuum of Policies, Conceptual Muddles
An Update to the Standard Account
The Sociotechnical Systems Perspective
Reject Technological Determinism/Think Coshaping
Reject ...
Pavlos_Isaris_final_report
This document provides a summary of a report about social engineering and the infamous hacker Kevin Mitnick. It discusses social engineering techniques used to gather private information from targets through human interaction rather than technical vulnerabilities. The report also provides biographical details of Kevin Mitnick, describing how he became one of the most wanted hackers by using social engineering and evading authorities for many years before being arrested. It examines social engineering tactics like pretexting, phishing, and tailgating and provides a real-world example of how social engineering was used to steal a man's credit card information.
PPT Lab Assignment - Computers - Computer Ethics
Computer ethics deals with how computing professionals should make ethical decisions regarding online conduct. There are three main influences on ethical decisions related to computer technology: personal code, workplace code, and exposure to formal ethics codes. The foundations of computer ethics examine relativism, Kantianism, utilitarianism, and social contract theory. In 1950, Norbert Wiener published a foundational book on computer ethics and is considered the father of the field. The increase of computers and internet in the 1990s raised many new ethical issues, leading to a new ACM code of ethics in 1992. Privacy is a major ongoing issue in computer ethics as social networks and internet use have increased.
PPIT Lecture 5
Cyberethics is the study of moral, legal, and social issues involving cybertechnology and its impact. Cybertechnology refers to computing and communications devices like computers, networks, and the Internet. The history of cyberethics includes four phases defined by the evolving technologies from standalone machines to today's converged technologies. While some argue cyberethics issues are not unique, others believe new issues have emerged due to the scale and scope enabled by cybertechnology, like the ability to stalk multiple victims globally without leaving home.
Introduction to modern computerethics.ppt
This document provides an overview of the history and topics of computer ethics. It discusses how computer ethics emerged as an issue in the 1940s and grew in the following decades as computer use expanded. The field addresses new ethical dilemmas created by emerging technologies, such as privacy issues with databases, intellectual property questions, and professional standards for computer experts. The document also summarizes several major topics within computer ethics, like the impact of computers on jobs, computer crime, privacy, and the evolving nature of the field with globalization.
Laureate Online Education Information Security Engineering .docx
Laureate Online Education
Information Security Engineering
© All rights reserved 2000-2009. The Information Security Engineering module, in all its parts: syllabus, guidelines,
lectures, discussion questions, technical notes, images, projects and any additional material is copyrighted by Laureate
Online Education.
Information Security Engineering Seminar for Week 1
Introduction, Security Models and Security Protocols
WELCOME to this module on Information Security Engineering. Over the next few weeks
we will be exploring, thinking about and discussing ideas on the principles and practice of
building secure distributed systems. In particular, we will be covering topics including:
- basic cryptology such as encryption and authentication
- security models and security protocols
- password protection, authentication and access control
- secure networking and internetworking
- digital content protection
- hardware security
- intrusion detection
- security projects management and security evaluation
- practical considerations
We will become familiar with state-of-the-art techniques in Information Security
Engineering.
In our first seminar, we will learn about security engineering problems through examples.
We will look at several application areas and identify particular security-critical problems.
We will then move on to the unifying theme of security engineering: security protocols,
basic security models and related standard frameworks.
What does security mean in general?
Word “security” is overloaded and different people and specialists may mean different
things when using this word in different subject specific context. In our course we will
mostly deal with the following areas: computer systems security, network and
telecommunication systems security, computer and networking applications security, and
Information security in general.
Security in general means a set of principles, models, rules, and mechanisms to ensure
correct and reliable system or application operation and to achieve the following generic
security properties (of the secure system operation, subject or entity):
• Confidentiality
• Authenticity
Page 1 of 17
• Integrity
• Access control
• Availability
Such widely discussed and used security characteristic as privacy is actually a
combination of the few basic security properties and a privacy policy that may be different
in different environment and for different applications. These security properties are
applicable for both physical security, computer security, and human security. It may be an
interesting topic for discussion in the classroom how these generic security properties are
applied in different areas and to different entities. We will learn how to achieve these
security properties or characteristics in system operations and how to design secure
systems by applying security principles, models, mechanisms, and s ...
Ethics of computer
This document discusses the key issues in computer ethics as they relate to pharmaceutical research. It outlines four main ethical issues: privacy, liability, ownership, and power. Regarding privacy, it discusses the right to medical privacy and risks of collecting too much individual data. On liability, it notes responsibility for software functioning properly. Ownership concerns resolving intellectual property rights. Power issues include centralization of control. The document also provides examples of codes of conduct from computing organizations that can provide guidelines to help address these ethical challenges.
1.Cash flow information Direct and indirect methodsThe co.docx
1.
Cash flow information: Direct and indirect methods
The comparative year-end balance sheets of Sign Graphics, Inc., revealed the following activity in the company's current accounts:
20X5
20X4
Increase / Decrease)
Current assets
Cash
$55,400
$35,200
$20,200
Accounts receivable (net)
83,800
88,000
-4,200
Inventory
243,400
233,800
9,600
Prepaid expenses
25,400
24,200
1,200
Current liabilities
Accounts payable
$123,600
$140,600
($17,000)
Taxes payable
43,600
49,200
-5,600
Interest payable
9,000
6,400
2,600
Accrued liabilities
38,800
60,400
-21,600
Note payable
44,000
—
44,000
The accounts payable were for the purchase of merchandise. Prepaid expenses and accrued liabilities relate to the firm's selling and administrative expenses. The company's condensed income statement follows.
SIGN GRAPHICS INC.
Income Statement
for the Year Ended December 31, 20x5
Sales
$713,800
Less: Cost of goods sold
323,000
Gross profit
$390,800
Less: Selling & administrative expenses
$186,000
Depreciation expense
17,000
Interest expense
27,000
230,000
Add: gain on sale of land
$160,800
21,800
Income before taxes
$182,600
Income taxes
36,800
Net income
$145,800
Other data:
1.
Long-term investments were purchased for cash at a cost of $74,600.
2.
Cash proceeds from the sale of land totaled $76,200.
3.
Store equipment of $44,000 was purchased by signing a short-term note payable. Also, a $150,000 telecommunications system was acquired by issuing 3,000 shares of preferred stock.
4.
A long-term note of $49,400 was repaid.
5.
Twenty thousand shares of common stock were issued at $5.19 per share.
6.
The company paid cash dividends amounting to $128,600.
Instructions:
a.
Prepare the operating activities section of the company's statement of cash flows, assuming use of:
1.
The direct method.
2.
The indirect method.
b.
Prepare the investing and financing activities sections of the statement of cash flows.
.
1.Cash flow information Direct and indirect methodsThe comp.docx
1.
Cash flow information: Direct and indirect methods
The comparative year-end balance sheets of Sign Graphics, Inc., revealed the following activity in the company's current accounts:
20X5
20X4
Increase / Decrease)
Current assets
Cash
$55,400
$35,200
$20,200
Accounts receivable (net)
83,800
88,000
-4,200
Inventory
243,400
233,800
9,600
Prepaid expenses
25,400
24,200
1,200
Current liabilities
Accounts payable
$123,600
$140,600
($17,000)
Taxes payable
43,600
49,200
-5,600
Interest payable
9,000
6,400
2,600
Accrued liabilities
38,800
60,400
-21,600
Note payable
44,000
—
44,000
The accounts payable were for the purchase of merchandise. Prepaid expenses and accrued liabilities relate to the firm's selling and administrative expenses. The company's condensed income statement follows.
SIGN GRAPHICS INC.
Income Statement
for the Year Ended December 31, 20x5
Sales
$713,800
Less: Cost of goods sold
323,000
Gross profit
$390,800
Less: Selling & administrative expenses
$186,000
Depreciation expense
17,000
Interest expense
27,000
230,000
Add: gain on sale of land
$160,800
21,800
Income before taxes
$182,600
Income taxes
36,800
Net income
$145,800
Other data:
1.
Long-term investments were purchased for cash at a cost of $74,600.
2.
Cash proceeds from the sale of land totaled $76,200.
3.
Store equipment of $44,000 was purchased by signing a short-term note payable. Also, a $150,000 telecommunications system was acquired by issuing 3,000 shares of preferred stock.
4.
A long-term note of $49,400 was repaid.
5.
Twenty thousand shares of common stock were issued at $5.19 per share.
6.
The company paid cash dividends amounting to $128,600.
Instructions:
a.
Prepare the operating activities section of the company's statement of cash flows, assuming use of:
1.
The direct method.
2.
The indirect method.
b.
Prepare the investing and financing activities sections of the statement of cash flows.
.
1.At least 500 words APA Style2.Clear, logical f.docx
1.
At least
500
words
APA Style
2.
Clear, logical
flow post
3.
Major points are stated
clearly
4.
Cited at least 3,
you
must cited all the source
5.
Good example conceptual or personal
examples are acceptable
6.
Thoughtful analysis
(Considering assumptions, analyzing implications,
comparing/ contrasting concepts)
7.
It must be proofread for Spelling and grammar
I will not release any payment until everything is met.
Evaluate the ethicality of the gift and estate tax
when earnings have been taxed throughout one’s life.
Justify your answer.
The project is due 10 hrs from now sir!
.
1.Assess the level of interdependence between planning, program eval.docx
1.Assess the level of interdependence between planning, program evaluation, human resource management, and budgeting. Create a scenario in which you explain the overall manner in which these functions interact.
2.Construct two (2) competencies that public personnel managers need to possess in order to minimize the impact of political preference in program implementation. Justify your response.
3.Take a position on whether the politics of budgeting have negatively or positively impacted outcomes on budget policy and formation overall. Provide a rationale for your response.
4.Analyze the main variables that impact the relationship between political responsiveness and managerial effectiveness. Propose two (2) challenges that political responsiveness may present for management (Note: You will explore your proposed challenges in depth within Assignment 3).
5.Include at least four (4) academic references (no more than five [5] years old) from material outside the textbook and no more than one (1) governmental Website. Note: Appropriate academic resources include academic and governmental Websites, scholarly texts, and peer-reviewed articles. Wikipedia, other wikis, and any other Websites ending in anything other than “.gov” do not qualify as academic resources.
.
1.Assign values to variable num1 to 100 and num2 to 20a.Fi.docx
This document provides instructions for a class assignment to assign values to variables num1 and num2, rename the worksheet with the student's name and class assignment number, and submit it. It includes code snippets to import namespaces for use in a C# program or code file.
More Related Content
Similar to 1.---Evaluate the ethical concerns that information technologies r.docx
Artificial intelligence
This document summarizes some of the key ethical issues related to advanced robotics. It begins by noting that as robotics technology progresses similarly to computers in recent decades, new social and ethical challenges will arise. These challenges are discussed in three broad categories: safety and errors from unpredictable or dangerous robot behavior, legal and ethical issues regarding robot autonomy and decision making, and the potential social impacts of integrating robots widely into society. The document then provides a working definition of a robot as a machine that can sense, think, and act with some degree of autonomy.
PPIT Lecture 06
This document discusses different perspectives on cyberethics:
1) Professional ethics examines ethical responsibilities of computer professionals.
2) Philosophical ethics analyzes the nature and social impact of technology through ethical theories.
3) Descriptive ethics reports on the actual effects of technology without judgment, informing later normative analysis.
Cyberethics incorporates all three perspectives to understand technology's descriptive effects and prescribe ethical policies and conduct.
Final Paper Draft Outline – Week 7 For the second to last.docx
Final Paper Draft Outline – Week 7
For the second to last homework, you need to submit an outline of your final paper. What does
that mean? You need to read the article “Writing for College: What is an Academic Paper” and
conceptualize what the paper assignment for this course is about:
https://depts.washington.edu/owrc/Handouts/What%20is%20an%20Academic%20Paper.pdf
Next, you need to read the “Final Paper Minimum Requirements” to get a sense of how you shall
start creating the paper. Think of a topic that you are interest the most – it can be a critical paper,
project, applicative hacks – and then apply the instructions from the first two sources indicated.
The draft outline needs to answer:
• what is your topic,
• what are your main sections in the paper,
• what are the preliminary sources you will use,
• how you plan to write in each of these sections/use the sources.
The APA, IEEE, or MLA is required for this assignment. Why? You can just use the same
document to proceed with actually writing the paper, project report, or the white paper of the
hack. You can find the formatting guidelines in the “Paper Guidelines” module in D2L.
Once you have finalized your homework, please take a look at the document named “How to
Read an Academic Paper” that is also attached together in the same D2L module as the other
two. Make sure you read it – it is an excellent and critical tool that you will need in reading the
academic sources you plan to build upon in your paper.
Risking Security: Policies and Paradoxes
of Cyberspace Security
Ronald J. Deibert
University of Toronto
and
Rafal Rohozinski
University of Toronto
Conceptualizations of cyberspace security can be divided into two related
dimensions, articulated as ‘‘risks’’: risks to the physical realm of computer
and communication technologies (risks to cyberspace); and risks that arise
from cyberspace and are facilitated or generated by its technologies, but
do not directly target the infrastructures per se (risks through cyberspace).
There is robust international consensus, growing communities of practice,
and an emerging normative regime around risks to cyberspace. This is less
the case when it comes to risks through cyberspace. While states do collabo-
rate around some policy areas, cooperation declines as the object of risk
becomes politically contestable and where national interests vary widely.
These include the nature of political opposition and the right to dissent
or protest, minority rights and independence movements, religious belief,
cultural values, or historical claims. The contrast between the domains has
led to contradictory tendencies and paradoxical outcomes.
Globalization is generating new security challenges. Modern societies confront a
myriad of risks that threaten economic prosperity, undermine the safety and
security of citizens, and cause significant disruption to society and politics. These
risks range from empowered and mili.
Com354 week.7
This document outlines the topics to be covered in a class on new media ethics. The class will include presentations on digital dilemmas, a discussion of the virtues of virtual reality and games, and a workshop on formulating ethical dilemmas related to the Great Firewall of China and Facebook's policy changes. The document also reviews ethical frameworks like feminist ethics of care, virtue ethics, and Confucian ethics that could be applied to analyze digital dilemmas. It instructs students to watch a video on how virtual reality can foster virtues and human relationships and form ethical questions about two readings on censorship in China and impersonation online.
computer ethics
The document discusses several topics related to computer ethics including:
- The origins of computer ethics stemming from Norbert Wiener's work in cybernetics during World War II.
- Issues around software ethics and users' moral responsibilities when using software.
- Different schools of ethical theory that influence decisions in computer ethics such as relativism.
- Privacy issues on the internet related to data collection, storage, and distribution.
Computer Ethics
This document provides an overview of computer ethics by examining three key areas: copyright and licensing issues, censorship on the internet, and information privacy issues. It traces the history of the field back to Norbert Wiener in the 1940s and discusses how computer technology has evolved rapidly, requiring re-examination of ethics. Ensuring privacy and developing policies to guide ethical computer use are important aspects of the emerging field of computer ethics.
Information Operations Discuss the concept of Information Opera.docx
Information Operations
: Discuss the concept of Information Operations (IO), as defined in class and by the US military. Contrast the difference aspects of IO and explain how it applies and is relevant to cyberwarfare. Discuss where IO falls within the armed forces and how it is currently implemented.
Password Hacking
: Explain password hacking and what tools, processes, and methods we use for this activity. Discuss elements related to password length, complexity, and how this impacts our ability to hack the password. Explain legitimate reasons for conducting password hacking in a corporate environment.
Cyberwarfare Laws
: Explain the need for international laws regarding cyberwarfare and detail the challenges associated with creating them. Detail examples from class on cyber-law governance structures that may be suitable in an international environment (e.g. SALT, FIVE EYES, and Geneva Conventions). Explain how existing laws and concepts (e.g
. jus ad bellum
) may not be suitable for cyberwarfare.
Privacy and Anonymity
: Discuss how cyberspace and access to information has impacted anonymity and privacy. Detail issues such as intelligence gathering on the internet, development of anonymity tools (e.g. TOR), Hacktivism, government transparency, and how they are interrelated. Give examples from the book and class on how we can improve individual privacy in the information age.
Option 2
: Contrast ‘complete privacy’ with ‘complete transparency’ and how these two ideas impact concepts such as freedom of expression and the right to privacy. Contrast the right to privacy with the need for law enforcement and intelligence agencies to have access to information.
Defensive Triad
: Discuss the defensive triad, as defined by Richard Clarke and in class, and contrast this concept with other information security concepts (e.g. CIA triad and IoT). Explain in detail the different elements of the defensive triad and explain how they provide a foundation for a national approach to cybersecurity.
Details: 5-7 pages (not counting cover page and references), APA format, cover page, references.
...
Ethics Case Study Review_JKostak_APA_Style
This document provides a summary and analysis of ethics issues arising in modern networked businesses. It discusses how the integration of corporate, social, and community networks blurs traditional information boundaries and policies. Key points addressed include:
- New stakeholders and dynamic engagement models require updated communications strategies.
- Ethics and governance issues become interwoven across functions as lines are blurred.
- Network security vulnerabilities increase with virtual networks, requiring updated privacy and security policies.
- There must be a balancing of customer privacy, security needs, and transparency demands with business interests.
- A new "Virtual Enterprise Ethics Engagement Model" is proposed to define and manage ethics in integrated virtual networks.
Computer Ethics Analyzing Information Technology.docx
This document provides an introduction and overview to the 4th edition of the textbook "Computer Ethics: Analyzing Information Technology" by Deborah G. Johnson and Keith W. Miller. The introduction discusses the expanded scope of the field from focusing solely on computers to now encompassing information and communication technologies more broadly. It highlights the new theoretical approach incorporating concepts from science and technology studies to analyze technology as sociotechnical systems. Each chapter now begins with scenarios to engage readers and illustrate the concepts covered. The book aims to understand the complex relationships between ethics and evolving technologies.
Computer Ethics Analyzing Information Technology.docx
Computer Ethics
Analyzing Information Technology
Deborah G. Johnson
University of Virginia with contributions from
Keith W. Miller
University of Illinois–Springfield
Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey
Columbus, Ohio
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Johnson, Deborah G.
Computer ethics: analyzing information technology/Deborah G. Johnson
with Keith W. Miller.
—4th ed.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN-13: 978-0-13-111241-4 (alk. paper)
ISBN-10: 0-13-111241-4 (alk. paper)
1. Electronic data processing—Moral and ethical aspects. I. Miller, Keith,
II. Title.
QA76.9.M65J64 2008
303.48’34–dc22
2008040152
Editor in Chief: Dickson Musslewhite
Editorial Assistant: Nart Varoqua
Senior Editor: Dave Repetto
Editorial Assistant: Pat Walsh
Editorial Project Manager: Sarah Holle
Director of Marketing: Brandy Dawson
Marketing Manager: Lindsey Prudhomme
Production Manager: Wanda Rockwell
Creative Director: Jayne Conte
Cover Design: Margaret Kenselaar
Cover Illustration: Guy Crittenden/Stock Illustration Source, Inc.
Full-Service Project Management/Composition: Nitin Agarwal,
Aptara®, Inc.
Printer/Binder: R. R. Donnelley
Credits and acknowledgments borrowed from other sources and
reproduced, with permission, in this textbook appear on the appropriate
page within the text.
Copyright © 2009, 2001, 1994, 1985 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper
Saddle River, New Jersey, 07458.
All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. This
publication is protected by Copyright and permission should be obtained
from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a
retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic,
mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. For information
regarding permission(s), write to: Rights and Permissions Department.
Pearson Education Ltd., London
Pearson Education Singapore, Pte. Ltd
Pearson Education Canada, Inc.
Pearson Education–Japan
Pearson Education Australia PTY, Limited
Pearson Education North Asia, Ltd., Hong Kong
Pearson Educación de Mexico, S.A. de C.V.
Pearson Education Malaysia, Pte. Ltd.
Pearson Education Upper Saddle River, New Jersey
www.pearsonhighered.com
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
ISBN-13: 978-0-13-111241-4
ISBN-10: 0-13-111241-4
http://www.pearsonhighered.com/
Contents
Preface
Acknowledgments
About the Authors
Chapter 1 Introduction to Sociotechnical Computer Ethics
Chapter Outline
Scenarios
1.1 A Virtual Rape
1.2 Surprises About Social Networking
1.3 RFID and Caring for the Elderly
Introduction: Why Computer Ethics?
The Standard Account
New Possibilities, a Vacuum of Policies, Conceptual Muddles
An Update to the Standard Account
The Sociotechnical Systems Perspective
Reject Technological Determinism/Think Coshaping
Reject ...
Computer Ethics Analyzing Information Technology
Computer Ethics
Analyzing Information Technology
Deborah G. Johnson
University of Virginia with contributions from
Keith W. Miller
University of Illinois–Springfield
Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey
Columbus, Ohio
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Johnson, Deborah G.
Computer ethics: analyzing information technology/Deborah G. Johnson
with Keith W. Miller.
—4th ed.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN-13: 978-0-13-111241-4 (alk. paper)
ISBN-10: 0-13-111241-4 (alk. paper)
1. Electronic data processing—Moral and ethical aspects. I. Miller, Keith,
II. Title.
QA76.9.M65J64 2008
303.48’34–dc22
2008040152
Editor in Chief: Dickson Musslewhite
Editorial Assistant: Nart Varoqua
Senior Editor: Dave Repetto
Editorial Assistant: Pat Walsh
Editorial Project Manager: Sarah Holle
Director of Marketing: Brandy Dawson
Marketing Manager: Lindsey Prudhomme
Production Manager: Wanda Rockwell
Creative Director: Jayne Conte
Cover Design: Margaret Kenselaar
Cover Illustration: Guy Crittenden/Stock Illustration Source, Inc.
Full-Service Project Management/Composition: Nitin Agarwal,
Aptara®, Inc.
Printer/Binder: R. R. Donnelley
Credits and acknowledgments borrowed from other sources and
reproduced, with permission, in this textbook appear on the appropriate
page within the text.
Copyright © 2009, 2001, 1994, 1985 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper
Saddle River, New Jersey, 07458.
All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. This
publication is protected by Copyright and permission should be obtained
from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a
retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic,
mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. For information
regarding permission(s), write to: Rights and Permissions Department.
Pearson Education Ltd., London
Pearson Education Singapore, Pte. Ltd
Pearson Education Canada, Inc.
Pearson Education–Japan
Pearson Education Australia PTY, Limited
Pearson Education North Asia, Ltd., Hong Kong
Pearson Educación de Mexico, S.A. de C.V.
Pearson Education Malaysia, Pte. Ltd.
Pearson Education Upper Saddle River, New Jersey
www.pearsonhighered.com
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
ISBN-13: 978-0-13-111241-4
ISBN-10: 0-13-111241-4
http://www.pearsonhighered.com/
Contents
Preface
Acknowledgments
About the Authors
Chapter 1 Introduction to Sociotechnical Computer Ethics
Chapter Outline
Scenarios
1.1 A Virtual Rape
1.2 Surprises About Social Networking
1.3 RFID and Caring for the Elderly
Introduction: Why Computer Ethics?
The Standard Account
New Possibilities, a Vacuum of Policies, Conceptual Muddles
An Update to the Standard Account
The Sociotechnical Systems Perspective
Reject Technological Determinism/Think Coshaping
Reject ...
Pavlos_Isaris_final_report
This document provides a summary of a report about social engineering and the infamous hacker Kevin Mitnick. It discusses social engineering techniques used to gather private information from targets through human interaction rather than technical vulnerabilities. The report also provides biographical details of Kevin Mitnick, describing how he became one of the most wanted hackers by using social engineering and evading authorities for many years before being arrested. It examines social engineering tactics like pretexting, phishing, and tailgating and provides a real-world example of how social engineering was used to steal a man's credit card information.
PPT Lab Assignment - Computers - Computer Ethics
Computer ethics deals with how computing professionals should make ethical decisions regarding online conduct. There are three main influences on ethical decisions related to computer technology: personal code, workplace code, and exposure to formal ethics codes. The foundations of computer ethics examine relativism, Kantianism, utilitarianism, and social contract theory. In 1950, Norbert Wiener published a foundational book on computer ethics and is considered the father of the field. The increase of computers and internet in the 1990s raised many new ethical issues, leading to a new ACM code of ethics in 1992. Privacy is a major ongoing issue in computer ethics as social networks and internet use have increased.
PPIT Lecture 5
Cyberethics is the study of moral, legal, and social issues involving cybertechnology and its impact. Cybertechnology refers to computing and communications devices like computers, networks, and the Internet. The history of cyberethics includes four phases defined by the evolving technologies from standalone machines to today's converged technologies. While some argue cyberethics issues are not unique, others believe new issues have emerged due to the scale and scope enabled by cybertechnology, like the ability to stalk multiple victims globally without leaving home.
Introduction to modern computerethics.ppt
This document provides an overview of the history and topics of computer ethics. It discusses how computer ethics emerged as an issue in the 1940s and grew in the following decades as computer use expanded. The field addresses new ethical dilemmas created by emerging technologies, such as privacy issues with databases, intellectual property questions, and professional standards for computer experts. The document also summarizes several major topics within computer ethics, like the impact of computers on jobs, computer crime, privacy, and the evolving nature of the field with globalization.
Laureate Online Education Information Security Engineering .docx
Laureate Online Education
Information Security Engineering
© All rights reserved 2000-2009. The Information Security Engineering module, in all its parts: syllabus, guidelines,
lectures, discussion questions, technical notes, images, projects and any additional material is copyrighted by Laureate
Online Education.
Information Security Engineering Seminar for Week 1
Introduction, Security Models and Security Protocols
WELCOME to this module on Information Security Engineering. Over the next few weeks
we will be exploring, thinking about and discussing ideas on the principles and practice of
building secure distributed systems. In particular, we will be covering topics including:
- basic cryptology such as encryption and authentication
- security models and security protocols
- password protection, authentication and access control
- secure networking and internetworking
- digital content protection
- hardware security
- intrusion detection
- security projects management and security evaluation
- practical considerations
We will become familiar with state-of-the-art techniques in Information Security
Engineering.
In our first seminar, we will learn about security engineering problems through examples.
We will look at several application areas and identify particular security-critical problems.
We will then move on to the unifying theme of security engineering: security protocols,
basic security models and related standard frameworks.
What does security mean in general?
Word “security” is overloaded and different people and specialists may mean different
things when using this word in different subject specific context. In our course we will
mostly deal with the following areas: computer systems security, network and
telecommunication systems security, computer and networking applications security, and
Information security in general.
Security in general means a set of principles, models, rules, and mechanisms to ensure
correct and reliable system or application operation and to achieve the following generic
security properties (of the secure system operation, subject or entity):
• Confidentiality
• Authenticity
Page 1 of 17
• Integrity
• Access control
• Availability
Such widely discussed and used security characteristic as privacy is actually a
combination of the few basic security properties and a privacy policy that may be different
in different environment and for different applications. These security properties are
applicable for both physical security, computer security, and human security. It may be an
interesting topic for discussion in the classroom how these generic security properties are
applied in different areas and to different entities. We will learn how to achieve these
security properties or characteristics in system operations and how to design secure
systems by applying security principles, models, mechanisms, and s ...
Ethics of computer
This document discusses the key issues in computer ethics as they relate to pharmaceutical research. It outlines four main ethical issues: privacy, liability, ownership, and power. Regarding privacy, it discusses the right to medical privacy and risks of collecting too much individual data. On liability, it notes responsibility for software functioning properly. Ownership concerns resolving intellectual property rights. Power issues include centralization of control. The document also provides examples of codes of conduct from computing organizations that can provide guidelines to help address these ethical challenges.
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More from mansonagnus
1.Cash flow information Direct and indirect methodsThe co.docx
1.
Cash flow information: Direct and indirect methods
The comparative year-end balance sheets of Sign Graphics, Inc., revealed the following activity in the company's current accounts:
20X5
20X4
Increase / Decrease)
Current assets
Cash
$55,400
$35,200
$20,200
Accounts receivable (net)
83,800
88,000
-4,200
Inventory
243,400
233,800
9,600
Prepaid expenses
25,400
24,200
1,200
Current liabilities
Accounts payable
$123,600
$140,600
($17,000)
Taxes payable
43,600
49,200
-5,600
Interest payable
9,000
6,400
2,600
Accrued liabilities
38,800
60,400
-21,600
Note payable
44,000
—
44,000
The accounts payable were for the purchase of merchandise. Prepaid expenses and accrued liabilities relate to the firm's selling and administrative expenses. The company's condensed income statement follows.
SIGN GRAPHICS INC.
Income Statement
for the Year Ended December 31, 20x5
Sales
$713,800
Less: Cost of goods sold
323,000
Gross profit
$390,800
Less: Selling & administrative expenses
$186,000
Depreciation expense
17,000
Interest expense
27,000
230,000
Add: gain on sale of land
$160,800
21,800
Income before taxes
$182,600
Income taxes
36,800
Net income
$145,800
Other data:
1.
Long-term investments were purchased for cash at a cost of $74,600.
2.
Cash proceeds from the sale of land totaled $76,200.
3.
Store equipment of $44,000 was purchased by signing a short-term note payable. Also, a $150,000 telecommunications system was acquired by issuing 3,000 shares of preferred stock.
4.
A long-term note of $49,400 was repaid.
5.
Twenty thousand shares of common stock were issued at $5.19 per share.
6.
The company paid cash dividends amounting to $128,600.
Instructions:
a.
Prepare the operating activities section of the company's statement of cash flows, assuming use of:
1.
The direct method.
2.
The indirect method.
b.
Prepare the investing and financing activities sections of the statement of cash flows.
.
1.Cash flow information Direct and indirect methodsThe comp.docx
1.
Cash flow information: Direct and indirect methods
The comparative year-end balance sheets of Sign Graphics, Inc., revealed the following activity in the company's current accounts:
20X5
20X4
Increase / Decrease)
Current assets
Cash
$55,400
$35,200
$20,200
Accounts receivable (net)
83,800
88,000
-4,200
Inventory
243,400
233,800
9,600
Prepaid expenses
25,400
24,200
1,200
Current liabilities
Accounts payable
$123,600
$140,600
($17,000)
Taxes payable
43,600
49,200
-5,600
Interest payable
9,000
6,400
2,600
Accrued liabilities
38,800
60,400
-21,600
Note payable
44,000
—
44,000
The accounts payable were for the purchase of merchandise. Prepaid expenses and accrued liabilities relate to the firm's selling and administrative expenses. The company's condensed income statement follows.
SIGN GRAPHICS INC.
Income Statement
for the Year Ended December 31, 20x5
Sales
$713,800
Less: Cost of goods sold
323,000
Gross profit
$390,800
Less: Selling & administrative expenses
$186,000
Depreciation expense
17,000
Interest expense
27,000
230,000
Add: gain on sale of land
$160,800
21,800
Income before taxes
$182,600
Income taxes
36,800
Net income
$145,800
Other data:
1.
Long-term investments were purchased for cash at a cost of $74,600.
2.
Cash proceeds from the sale of land totaled $76,200.
3.
Store equipment of $44,000 was purchased by signing a short-term note payable. Also, a $150,000 telecommunications system was acquired by issuing 3,000 shares of preferred stock.
4.
A long-term note of $49,400 was repaid.
5.
Twenty thousand shares of common stock were issued at $5.19 per share.
6.
The company paid cash dividends amounting to $128,600.
Instructions:
a.
Prepare the operating activities section of the company's statement of cash flows, assuming use of:
1.
The direct method.
2.
The indirect method.
b.
Prepare the investing and financing activities sections of the statement of cash flows.
.
1.At least 500 words APA Style2.Clear, logical f.docx
1.
At least
500
words
APA Style
2.
Clear, logical
flow post
3.
Major points are stated
clearly
4.
Cited at least 3,
you
must cited all the source
5.
Good example conceptual or personal
examples are acceptable
6.
Thoughtful analysis
(Considering assumptions, analyzing implications,
comparing/ contrasting concepts)
7.
It must be proofread for Spelling and grammar
I will not release any payment until everything is met.
Evaluate the ethicality of the gift and estate tax
when earnings have been taxed throughout one’s life.
Justify your answer.
The project is due 10 hrs from now sir!
.
1.Assess the level of interdependence between planning, program eval.docx
1.Assess the level of interdependence between planning, program evaluation, human resource management, and budgeting. Create a scenario in which you explain the overall manner in which these functions interact.
2.Construct two (2) competencies that public personnel managers need to possess in order to minimize the impact of political preference in program implementation. Justify your response.
3.Take a position on whether the politics of budgeting have negatively or positively impacted outcomes on budget policy and formation overall. Provide a rationale for your response.
4.Analyze the main variables that impact the relationship between political responsiveness and managerial effectiveness. Propose two (2) challenges that political responsiveness may present for management (Note: You will explore your proposed challenges in depth within Assignment 3).
5.Include at least four (4) academic references (no more than five [5] years old) from material outside the textbook and no more than one (1) governmental Website. Note: Appropriate academic resources include academic and governmental Websites, scholarly texts, and peer-reviewed articles. Wikipedia, other wikis, and any other Websites ending in anything other than “.gov” do not qualify as academic resources.
.
1.Assign values to variable num1 to 100 and num2 to 20a.Fi.docx
This document provides instructions for a class assignment to assign values to variables num1 and num2, rename the worksheet with the student's name and class assignment number, and submit it. It includes code snippets to import namespaces for use in a C# program or code file.
1.Antique Reproductions, Inc. estimates its manufacturing costs .docx
1.
Antique Reproductions, Inc. estimates its manufacturing costs as follows:
Variable Costs
Direct material
$5.50/unit
Direct labor
2.40/unit
Variable overhead
1.00/unit
Fixed Costs
Supervisor’s salary
$15,000
Production facility depreciation
7,500
Other production costs
1,400
Estimate manufacturing costs for manufacturing levels of 9,000 units, 11,000 units, and 13,000 units.
2.
Southern Pecan Company grows and sells pecans. The company harvested 10,000 bags of pecans in May and sold everything that it harvested. The company’s flexible budget for May was:
Bags sold
10,000
Revenue ($10/bag)
$100,000
Expenses:
Bags ($.50 each)
$ 5,000
Pecan orchard maintenance
$ 10,000
Wages and salaries ($2,400 + $.50 per bag)
$ 7,400
Shipping ($.40 per bag)
$ 4,000
Other expenses ($1,000 + $.45 per bag)
$ 5,500
Total Expenses
$ 31,900
Net operating income
$ 68,100
The actual results for May were:
Bags sold
10,000
Revenue ($10/bag)
$105,000
Expenses:
Bags ($.50 each)
$ 5,100
Pecan orchard maintenance
$ 9,000
Wages and salaries ($2,400 + $.50 per bag)
$ 7,900
Shipping ($.40 per bag)
$ 5,000
Other expenses ($1,000 + $.45 per bag)
$ 5,600
Total Expenses
$ 32,600
Net operating income
$ 72,400
Prepare a report detailing the company’s revenue and spending variances of May.
3.
Tiger Company makes a product and uses the following standard unit costs for that product:
Direct material quantity standard
6 pound per unit
Direct material price standard
$ 9 per pound
Direct labor time standard
3.5 hours per unit
Direct labor rate standard
$12 per hour
Variable manufacturing overhead rate standard
$ 6 per machine hour
Fixed manufacturing overhead rate standard
$ 5 per machine hour
Machine hours standard
3 hours per unit
Given the flowing actual cost and usage data, compute the direct labor rate and the direct labor efficiency variances.
4.
With the following information, compute the throughput time and the manufacturing cycle efficiency:
Wait time
12.0 days
Inspection time
0.9 days
Processing time
3.5 days
Move time
0.2 days
Queue time
2.0 days
.
1.Assess the changing complexion of the U.S. labor force and how i.docx
1.
Assess the changing complexion of the U.S. labor force and how it directly affects the role of unionization in the workplace
2.
Given today’s globally competitive work environment, assess whether larger, more powerful unions (such as the AFL-CIO and the SEIU) favorably represent their members, or if smaller, more targeted unions would better meet the needs of their members
.
1.As a critical thinker we have to work with analysis and eval.docx
1.
As a critical thinker we have to work with analysis and evaluation in order to formulate a conclusion.
There are some specific m
istakes in causal reasoning that compromise our ability to make predictions and old reasonable expectations.
Mention and explain them. (Your own words.
2.
Do you think that you can be a trustworthy Critical Thinking Manager?
Yes or No…..WHY?
.
1.A new diagnostic test has been developed to Diagnose Disease.docx
1.
A new diagnostic test has been developed to Diagnose Disease Y. The new test was compared to the standard diagnostic test (“the gold standard”) on the same set of patients, and the following data were obtained:
Number of patients diagnosed by the new test as having Disease Y, who actually had Disease Y = 3,252
Number of patients in the group who were diagnosed by the standard test as having Disease Y = 4,579
Number of patients diagnosed by the new test as not having Disease Y = 4, 737
Number of patients diagnosed by the new test as having Disease Y, who actually do not have Disease Y= 784
The standard diagnostic test is a tissue biopsy, and therefore, is considered to be 100% sensitive for diagnosing Disease Y.
a.
Create the 2x2 table that shows this data
b.
Calculate:
i.
The sensitivity of the new test
ii.
The specificity of the new test
iii.
The false positive rate of the new test
iv.
The false negative rate of the new test
v.
The positive predictive value of the new test
vi.
The negative predictive value of the new test
vii.
The likelihood ratio positive for the new test
viii.
The likelihood ratio negative for the new test
2.
Two new tests have been developed to diagnose Condition Z. One test (Test A) measures a metabolite “Metabolite A” in the serum. The other test (Test B) measures a different metabolite, “Metabolite B” in the urine. After appropriate preliminary testing, human trials are conducted. Following informed consent, the two tests were run on a group of patients with each patient getting both tests, as well as the “gold standard” test for diagnosing Condition Z. The following data were obtained:
Important!!!!
Since some answers depend on the results you obtained in previous sections of the problem, it is important for you that you show *all* work, since I will give partial credit if your analysis and set up are correct, even if your numerical result is incorrect.
Serum level (metabolite A)
# of patients
Disease positive
Disease negative
(mg / ml)
(by gold standard)
(by gold standard)
0 – 1.99
25
22
3
2.0 – 3.99
273
201
72
4.0 – 5.99
584
572
12
6.0 – 7.99
538
529
9
8.0 – 9.99
175
170
5
>10.0
14
14
0
Urine level (metabolite B)
(ng/ml)
0 – 2.99
30
5
25
3.0 – 5.99
245
46
199
6.0 – 8.99
423
400
23
9.0 – 11.99
628
620
8
12.0 – 14.99
175
169
6
15.0 – 17.99
99
95
4
>18.0
9
9
0
a)
For test A, a cutoff value of 4.0 mg / ml of metabolite A is chosen as the boundary between a negative and a positive test result (i.e., values below 4.0 mg / ml
are considered “negative” and values of 4.0 mg / ml or greater are considered “positive”).
For test B, a cutoff value of 6.0 ng / ml for metabolite B is chosen as the boundary between a negative and a positive test result (i.e., values below 6.0 ng / ml are considered “negative” and values of 6.0 ng / ml or greater are considered.
1.A repeated melodic and rhythmic figure in the lower register o.docx
1.
A repeated melodic and rhythmic figure in the lower register of the piano is typical of the Afro-Cuban
dance music known as
A.
guaguancó.
B.
reggae.
C.
salsa.
D.
mambo.
2.
Aaron Copeland varies the _______ throughout his movement "Hoe-Down" to create variety.
A.
movements.
B.
theme.
C.
scene.
D.
orchestration.
3.
A musical style that combines traditional and modern elements is called
A.
exhibitionism.
B.
modernism.
C.
minimalism.
D.
postmodernism.
4.
The first African American to have a major opera performed by a major American opera company was
A.
Robert Johnson.
B.
William Grant Still.
C.
Scott Joplin.
D.
Langston Hughes.
5.
In the song "Tonight" from the musical
West Side Story,
the composer distributed two basic melodies
among different characters to create a kind of _______, in which nothing disappears but new layers are
constantly introduced.
A.
dissonant form
B.
layered presence
C.
additive form
D.
consonant counterpoint
6.
A chromatic scale consists entirely of
A.
quarter steps.
B.
whole steps.
C.
half steps.
D.
tonal centers.
7.
The progression of four basic chords that was used in many popular songs of the 1950s and 1960s is
referred to as _______ chord progression.
A.
pop
B.
bebop
C.
vamp
D.
doo-wop
8.
The _______ is a xylophone-like instrument with tubular resonators under each bar.
A.
marimba
B.
suspended cymbal
C.
timbales
D.
conga
9.
John Cage's
Indeterminacy
is an example of _______ music.
A.
aleatory
B.
idiosyncratic
C.
silent
D.
achromatic
10.
Tamra says that the difference between an opera and a musical is that the opera includes more spoken
word than singing. Eduardo says that the musical contains singing with some spoken dialog. Who is correct
in citing the difference?
A.
Both Tamra and Eduardo
B.
Neither Tamra nor Eduardo
C.
Eduardo
D.
Tamra
11.
Einstein on a Beach
was a unique opera because it
A.
had no plot and very little singing.
B.
was written in Chinese.
C.
was exclusively recitative.
D.
had a single violinist.
12.
The type of music that blended the musical styles of jump blues and honky-tonk was
A.
jazz.
B.
Motown.
C.
hip hop.
D.
rock 'n' roll.
13.
Which of the following composers wrote the music for
West Side Story?
A.
George M. Cohan
B.
Jerome Kern
C.
Leonard Bernstein
D.
Cole Porter
14.
The musical movement that started in the mid-1960s on the West Coast was the _______ movement.
A.
rock
B.
folk
C.
psychedelic
D.
progressive
15.
Notes that begin a phrase before a downbeat are known as pick-up notes, or a/an
A.
shuffle groove.
B.
duck walk.
C.
call and response.
D.
anacrusis.
16.
_______ music is based on frequent repetition (with small variations) of a small musical idea.
A.
Atonal
B.
Minimalist
C.
Ostinato
D.
Rap
17.
Which of John Cage's works is perceived by some to be a gimmick?
A.
Einstein on a Beach
B.
4'33"
C.
Illiac Suite
D.
Imaginary Landscape no. 4
18.
The musician who ushered in the twentieth-century era of .
1.A preliminary investigation is conducted by probation officers a.docx
1.
A preliminary investigation is conducted by probation officers at or during:
a. [removed]
intake.
b. [removed]
investigation.
c. [removed]
supervision.
d. [removed]
release of offender.
2.
The United States Supreme Court has ruled that only juveniles over the age of _____ can be executed for their crimes.
a. [removed]
10
b. [removed]
12
c. [removed]
14
d. [removed]
17
3.
What percent of juveniles currently are waived to adult court?
a. [removed]
5 percent
b. [removed]
15 percent
c. [removed]
25 percent
d. [removed]
36 percent
4.
Judges must hold probable cause hearings when:
a. [removed]
prosecutors file to send a juvenile to adult court.
b. [removed]
cases come to the adult court by a mandatory judicial waiver.
c. [removed]
cases come to the adult court by a discretionary judicial waiver.
d. [removed]
all of the choices apply.
5.
The probation official who has replaced the case worker is the:
a. [removed]
police officer.
b. [removed]
community resource manager.
c. [removed]
intake officer.
d. [removed]
referee.
6.
Which is the correct order in which probation services are provided?
a. [removed]
Intake, investigation, supervision
b. [removed]
Supervision, intake, investigation
c. [removed]
Investigation, intake, supervision
d. [removed]
Arrest, intake, investigation, supervision, bail
7.
In order for a state to have a valid death penalty, judges must consider:
a. [removed]
mitigating circumstances.
b. [removed]
statistical ambiguities in demographic trends.
c. [removed]
historical traditions of the court.
d. [removed]
future impact of the penalty on deterring crimes.
8.
According to studies on restitution, which of the following are among the primary goals of restitution programs?
a. [removed]
Hold parents accountable for their children's offenses
b. [removed]
They set-up local programs to fully reimburse victims for their financial damages at their expense
c. [removed]
They hold juveniles accountable for their offenses
d. [removed]
All of the choices apply
9.
The balanced approach in probation focuses on:
a. [removed]
arrest, conviction, and confinement.
b. [removed]
correction, rehabilitation, and aftercare.
c. [removed]
the community, the victim, and the offender.
d. [removed]
both arrest, conviction, and confinement and correction, rehabilitation, and aftercare.
10.
Which of the following are (is/a) goal(s) of electronic monitoring programs?
a. [removed]
To reduce the number of field contacts required by home-confinement officers
b. [removed]
To provide for early unification with the juvenile's family
c. [removed]
To keep the juvenile out of school
d. [removed]
Both to reduce the number of field contacts required by home-confinement officers and to provide for early unification with the juvenile's family
11.
Which of the following is the most widely used organization of probation in the United States?
a. [removed]
Local/judicial
b. [removed]
State/judic.
1.Analyze the value stream by using a flow diagram to map the value .docx
1.Analyze the value stream by using a flow diagram to map the value added and non-valued steps in the process.
2.Analyze sources of waste and variation through the use of a tool recommended in Theme 3.
3.Identify the process drivers and validate them through the use of a tool recommended in Theme 4.
.
1.Aim To develop a supply chain for a food industry.2..docx
1.
Aim: To develop a supply chain for a food industry.
2.
Purpose of supply chain: to reach customers need
3.
Supply chain principles: guide lines--- 7 principles
4.
Strategy --- to supply right product at right time in intersectionist
5.
Implementation procedure:
Discuss relationship with:
Supply chain and logistics
Supply chain strategy
Procurement and inventory management
Business strategy
6.
Discuss how supply chain management and logistics with examples.
Note:
APA style format
6 to 8 pages
.
1.A developmental psychologist (e.g., Jean Piaget) who bases his con.docx
1.A developmental psychologist (e.g., Jean Piaget) who bases his conclusions on intensive study of one child or a few individuals is using the ______ method.
2.In a(n) ______, the scientist deliberately changes one variable and measures the change in some other variable.
3.Though Jesse spent most of his growing years in a succession of foster homes after enduring abuse and neglect, his disposition in cheerful and his relationships are healthy and fulfilling. According to developmentalists, he exhibits ______ (the ability to overcome or bounce from adversity) despite his early experiences.
.
1.A music school in Boyles Height, LA, specializes in teaching the g.docx
1.A music school in Boyles Height, LA, specializes in teaching the guitar and the violin. After a spurt in growth and a few successful years, the school is experiencing a slowdown in sales and stability in its profits due to an increase in competition. The school is in the ________ stage of its life cycle.
•
obsolescence
•
decline
•
growth
maturity
2.
Another basis for decision-making is referred to as ________.
•
ethical practices
•
correct ethics
•
ethical dilemmas
situational ethics
3
What are the four characteristics of a marketing audit?
•
Comprehensive, systematic, independent, and periodic
•
Announced, semi-annually, dependent, and perpetual
•
Dependent, non-comprehensive, quarterly, and unannounced
Simple, unique, randomly, and exclusive
4
With ________ as a target market strategy, the firm concentrates on serving many needs of a particular customer group.
•
market specialization
•
single-segment concentration
•
product specialization
selective specialization
5
A social definition of marketing says ______.
•
marketing is the process of extracting maximum value from consumers to facilitate corporate growth
•
marketing is the process by which individuals and groups obtain what they need and want through creating, offering, and freely exchanging products and services of value with others
•
effective marketing requires companies to remove intermediaries to achieve a closer connection with direct consumers
a company should focus exclusively on achieving high production efficiency, low costs, and mass distribution to facilitate the broadest possible access to the company’s products
6
Which of the following can induce a firm to expand into the international arena?
•
Cater to a domestic mass market
•
A saturated domestic market
•
High income level of domestic consumers
A saturated foreign market
7
Marketers must see themselves as benefit providers. For example, when a shopper purchases new shoes, he or she expects the shoes to cover his or her feet and allow him or her to walk unobstructed. This is an example of what level in the consumer-value hierarchy?
•
Augmented product
•
Pure tangible product
•
Basic product
Potential product
8
Through its cutting-edge point-of-sale inventory, management technology, and highly efficient shipping practices, Wal-Mart is able to keep its inventory expenditure extremely low and to pass these savings on to consumers in the form of low prices. Wal-Mart's strategy is best described as ________.
•
differentiation
•
integrative growth
•
market development
overall cost leadership
9
_______ is an approach that considers different ethnic and cultural segments require targeted marketing campaigns and tactics.
•
Multicultural marketing
•
Specialized marketing
•
Ethnic-based marketing
Diversity marketing
10
BMW's "The ultimate driving machine," American Express' "Don't leave home with.
1.0.550.55 points Previous AnswersWaneAC5 5.4.001..docx
1.
0.55
/0.55 points
|
Previous Answers
WaneAC5 5.4.001.
My Notes |
Question Part
Points
Submissions Used
Sketch the graph of the given function. Check your sketch using technology. HINT [See Example 1.]
f
(
x
) =
x
2
+
2
x
+
1
(a) Indicate the
x
- and
y
-intercepts. (If an answer does not exist, enter DNE.)
x
-intercept
(
x
,
y
) =
y
-intercept
(
x
,
y
) =
(b) Indicate any extrema. (If an answer does not exist, enter DNE.)
(
x
,
y
) =
(c) Indicate any points of inflection. (If an answer does not exist, enter DNE.)
(
x
,
y
) =
(d) Indicate the behavior near points where the function is not defined.
y
→
+
∞
as
x
→
0
y
→
0 as
x
→
−1
y
→
+
∞
as
x
→
−1
y
→
+
∞
as
x
→
1
(e) Indicate the behavior at infinity.
y
→
−
∞
as
x
→
±
∞
y
→
−
∞
as
x
→
−
∞
;
y
→
+
∞
as
x
→
+
∞
y
→
+
∞
as
x
→
−
∞
;
y
→
−
∞
as
x
→
+
∞
y
→
−1 as
x
→
±
∞
y
→
+
∞
as
x
→
±
∞
(a) Indicate the
x
- and
y
-intercepts. (Order your answers from smallest to largest
x
. If an answer does not exist, enter DNE.)
x
-intercept
(
x
,
y
) =
x
-intercept
(
x
,
y
) =
x
-intercept
(
x
,
y
) =
y
-intercept
(
x
,
y
) =
(b) Indicate any extrema. (Order your answers from smallest to largest
x
. If an answer does not exist, enter DNE.)
(
x
,
y
) =
(
x
,
y
) =
(
x
,
y
) =
(
x
,
y
) =
(c) Indicate any points of inflection. (If an answer does not exist, enter DNE.)
(
x
,
y
) =
(d) Indicate the behavior near points where the function is not defined.
y
→
+
∞
as
x
→
0
y
→
0 as
x
→
±
6
y
→
+
∞
as
x
→
±
6
y
→
+
∞
as
x
→
±
3
(e) Indicate the behavior at infinity.
y
→
+
∞
as
x
→
±
∞
y
→
−
∞
as
x
→
−
∞
;
y
→
+
∞
as
x
→
+
∞
y
→
−
∞
as
x
→
±
∞
y
→
+
∞
as
x
→
−
∞
;
y
→
−
∞
as
x
→
+
∞
(a) Indicate the
x
- and
y
-intercepts. (Order your answers from smallest to largest
x
. If an answer does not exist, enter DNE.)
x
-intercept
(
x
,
y
) =
x
-intercept
(
x
,
y
) =
x
-intercept
(
x
,
y
) =
y
-intercept
(
x
,
y
) =
(b) Indicate any extrema. (Order your answers from smallest to largest
x
. If an answer does not exist, enter DNE.)
(
x
,
y
) =
(
x
,
y
) =
(c) Indicate any points of inflection. (If an answer does not exist, enter DNE.)
(
x
,
y
) =
(d) Indicate the behavior near points where the function is not defined.
y
→
+
∞
as
x
→
0
y
→
0 as
x
→
±
3
y
→
+
∞
as
x
→
±
3
y
→
+
∞
as
x
→
±
1
(e) Indicate the behavior at infinity.
y
→
+
∞
as
x
→
±
∞
y
→
−
∞
as
x
→
−
∞
;
y
→
+
∞
as
x
→
+
∞
y
→
−
∞
as
x
→
±
∞
y
→
+
∞
as
x
→
−
∞
;
y
→
−
∞
as
x
→
+
∞
(a) Indicate the
x
- and
y
-intercepts. (If an answer does not exist, enter DNE.)
x
-intercept
(
x
,
y
) =
y
-intercept
(
x
,
y
) =
(b) Indicate any extrema. (Order your answers from smallest to largest
x
. If an an.
1.1. Counting jails and prisons, approximately how many citizens a.docx
1.
1. Counting jails and prisons, approximately how many citizens are incarcerated?
2.
2. Which important scholar argued that criminals and their punishment are functional in society, help to define norms and expectations for conformity?
3.
3. Political liberals and _______________ encouraged reform of the prison system during the Enlightenment Period.
4.
4. Lex talionis embodies which of the following principles?
5.
5. The Penitentiary Act was based upon four core principles where prisoners were confined in solitary cells and labored silently in common rooms. They include
6.
6. How was the existing system of justice altered during the Enlightenment?
7.
7. The __________ was a penitentiary system developed in Pennsylvania in which each inmate was held in isolation from other inmates.
8.
8. During the Progressive Reform Era, two main strategies were implemented. They included improving conditions in social environments and ______________.
9.
9. The Military Commissions Act (MCA) __________ the ability of “unlawful enemy combatants” to file a writ of habeas corpus.
10.
10. Which court decision held the basic elements of procedural due process must be present when decisions are made concerning the disciplining of an inmate?
11.
11. Which case allowed inmates to sue state officials for brutality, inadequate medical care and nutrition, theft of personal property and the denial of basic rights:
12.
12. In Boumediene v. Bush, the Court ruled the detainees at Guantanamo Bay are entitled to:
13.
13. According to the Supreme Court, the term “totality of conditions” may be legally interpreted as:
14.
14. The right to be free from cruel and unusual punishment is found in which Amendment?
15.
15. Experts usually cite _________ as reasons wrongful convictions occur.
16.
16. Probationary sentences emphasize guidance and ______________ in the community.
17.
17. In the Booker decision, the justices said that sentencing guidelines are:
18.
18. Restorative justice sees crime as a violation against which of the following?
19.
19. Which of the following is an argument for a centralized probation authority?
20.
20. Which of the following was not an innovation initially developed by John Augustus?
21.
21. Between 1200 and 1827, English law:
22.
22. Recognizance was first used in court to recognize a formally recorded ___________to perform some act entered by a judge to permit an offender to live in the community.
23.
23. Judges may use a range of ________________ sanctions from those exerting a low level of control to those exerting a high level of control.
24.
24. The concept of community corrections is best understood as a goal. That goal clearly is to:
25.
25. The new movement that seeks to establish correctional programs falling between standard probation and prison is called:
26.
26. A major criticism of probation, as traditionally practiced, is that:
27.
27. Probation granted under conditions of strict reporting to a probation offic.
1.20(1 pts.) In the 70s, Dr. Richard Raskin underwent a radical su.docx
Dr. Richard Raskin underwent surgery in the 1970s to change his assigned sex from male to female. Prior to the surgery, Dr. Raskin likely would have been diagnosed with gender identity disorder based on wanting to live as a woman. John gets nauseous thinking about sex and avoids sexual advances, so he may be diagnosed with sexual aversion disorder. Joseph experiences intense genital pain during sex, so he may have dyspareunia.
1.A department store chain is designing a layout for a new.docx
1.
A department store chain is designing a layout for a new store. The store manager wants to provide as much convenience as possible for her customers. Based on historical data, the number of trips between departments per hour is given in the following closeness matrix. A block plan showing a preliminary layout is also shown.
Closeness Factors (Trips per hour)
1/O
2/S
3/H
4/T
5/A
6/E
1. Office Supplies (O)
---
40
100
50
20
10
2. Sporting Goods (S)
---
100
80
60
80
3. Hardware (H)
---
70
100
50
4. Toys (T)
---
70
90
5. Automotive (A)
---
60
6. Electronics (E)
---
OFFICE SUPPLIES
SPORTING GOODS
3. HARDWARE
4. TOYS
5. AUTOMOTIVE
1.
ELECTRONICS
Customer travel between departments is restricted to the aisles shown in the block plan as dotted lines.
CALCULATIONS TABLE
:
Dept. Pair
Closeness Factor (
w
)
Original Distance (
d
O
)
w
´
d
O
Revision #1 Distance (d
1
)
w
´
d
1
1 – 2
1 – 3
1 – 4
1 – 5
1 – 6
2 – 3
2 – 4
2 – 5
2 – 6
3 – 4
3 – 5
3 – 6
4 – 5
4 – 6
5 – 6
TOTAL
Complete the calculations and fill in the table above.
Based on the table above answer the following questions.
a)
What is the total expected weighted-distance score between Office Supplies and Hardware?
b)
What is the total weighted-distance score between Hardware and Toys?
c)
What is the total weighted-distance score for the entire store?
d)
A suggestion has been made to switch Hardware and Automotive. What would the total weighted-distance score for the entire store if these two departments were switched?
e)
Based on your calculations, would you recommend that Hardware and Automotive be switched?
.
1.1 How does speaker intent differentiate informative, persu.docx
1.
1
How does speaker intent differentiate informative, persuasive, and special-occasion speaking?
2.
2
How do the three types of informative speeches differ?
3.
3
What are the characteristics of an effective informative speech?
4.
4
How can effective visuals enhance an informative speech?
5.
5
What role does ethics play in informative speaking?
.
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