Randolph Koppa, President of the Trade and Development Bank of Mongolia, outlined Mongolia's investment needs and opportunities from 2014 to 2018. He estimated total investment needs of $55 billion to $87 billion across key sectors like mining, infrastructure, urban development and business. Foreign participation will be critical as domestic sources are limited. Koppa concluded that Mongolia is facing a new economic reality with slower Chinese growth and stressed the need to develop mining and industrialization in parallel while affirming its third neighbor policy to attract foreign investment from all neighbors.
This paper investigated the performance of FDI in Kosovo. FDI flows
continue to be provided for development of Kosovo. Sector restructuring of
the economy and allocation of FDI has special importance. The development
of manufacturing sector and processing industry and tourism in some
territories of Kosovo is also a challenge that must be resolved because it
will affect economic development, employment generation continued.
Withdrawal of modern technology in these sectors would help in
maintaining the balance between the different benefits and a clean
environment. Environmental concerns caused by FDI in some territories of
Kosovo are fundamental problems that require solutions. Elimination of
barriers to FDI, the strengths and weaknesses that were offered to investors
are the primary issues that attract investment. Except FDI are in positive
correlation with GDP, at the national level factors of human resource
allocation are important in the territories where the population movement
due to the economic stagnation, and such cases can be found in Kosovo.
Keywords: Flow of FDI, The restructuring of the economy, The allocation of FDI,Environmental concerns.
The remittance market is growing every year and has become an important source of income for many country's GDP. In this short presentation you will find out who benefiting the most from this inflow of money.
The positive impact of fdi in many sectors of the economy that Kosovo but not...nakije.kida
Abstract
In this paper is investigated Kosovo great desire to integrate into the global network of investment after
a war. FDI flows continue to be provided for development of Kosovo. The development of
manufacturing sector and processing industry and tourism in some territories of Kosovo is also a
challenge that must be resolved because it will affect economic development, employment generation
continued. Withdrawal of modern technology in these sectors would help in maintaining the balance
between the different benefits and a clean environment. Environmental concerns caused by FDI in some
territories of Kosovo are fundamental problems that require solutions. Elimination of barriers to FDI,
the strengths and weaknesses that were offered to investors are the primary issues that attract
investment. Except FDI are in positive correlation with GDP, at the national level factors of human
resource allocation are important in the territories where the population movement due to the
economic stagnation, and such cases can be found in Kosovo.
Keywords
Kosovo after the war, impact of FDI, desire for global integration, living standard, sectors,
environment
FDI fluctuations followed by GDP fluctuations in Kosovo and favoring particul...nakije.kida
This paper examines the main trends of FDI (Foreign Direct Investment) in Kosovo. Kosovo
as a country that had just emerged from war in 1999, with frequent changes of laws and
adoption of economic liberalization measures made very large strides in democracy and
international recognition of statehood. Fluctuations of FDI in Kosovo in the past 12 years link
these directly in the two macroeconomic indicators clearly express how important is the
stability of the country. GDP growth rate in Kosovo with a great opportunity for investors, one
more chance for the local population to find a new job. The perception of investors that there
is no risk to invest in Kosovo increased FDI flows. Success of Kosovo to boost foreign
investment becomes accessible if not delayed accession to the EU. All these factors have led
to a satisfactory level of the FDI in Kosovo, but economic and political context is crucial.
Kosovo has significant structural mismatch economy compared to countries in the region. This
information allows us to create a more favorable institutional framework for investment,
facilitates an investor to take a decision to invest quickly. From an investment perspective in
Kosovo economic structure, trends seen that capital to invest in some sectors. Investments in
the industrial sector (manufacturing) in mining, energy, construction, trade and services have
been attractive to foreign investors.
Deeping investment cooperation, promoting industrial transformation between China and Caribbean countries as presented by Dr. Wu Qijin, Chief Executive Officer, China-LAC Cooperation Fund on July 10, 2017 at a conference titled, 'Chinese Renminbi in the Caribbean-Opportunities for Trade, Aid and Investment,' held at the Hilton Barbados Resort.
Asheville Bond Rating Increases to AAAGordon Smith
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This paper investigated the performance of FDI in Kosovo. FDI flows
continue to be provided for development of Kosovo. Sector restructuring of
the economy and allocation of FDI has special importance. The development
of manufacturing sector and processing industry and tourism in some
territories of Kosovo is also a challenge that must be resolved because it
will affect economic development, employment generation continued.
Withdrawal of modern technology in these sectors would help in
maintaining the balance between the different benefits and a clean
environment. Environmental concerns caused by FDI in some territories of
Kosovo are fundamental problems that require solutions. Elimination of
barriers to FDI, the strengths and weaknesses that were offered to investors
are the primary issues that attract investment. Except FDI are in positive
correlation with GDP, at the national level factors of human resource
allocation are important in the territories where the population movement
due to the economic stagnation, and such cases can be found in Kosovo.
Keywords: Flow of FDI, The restructuring of the economy, The allocation of FDI,Environmental concerns.
The remittance market is growing every year and has become an important source of income for many country's GDP. In this short presentation you will find out who benefiting the most from this inflow of money.
The positive impact of fdi in many sectors of the economy that Kosovo but not...nakije.kida
Abstract
In this paper is investigated Kosovo great desire to integrate into the global network of investment after
a war. FDI flows continue to be provided for development of Kosovo. The development of
manufacturing sector and processing industry and tourism in some territories of Kosovo is also a
challenge that must be resolved because it will affect economic development, employment generation
continued. Withdrawal of modern technology in these sectors would help in maintaining the balance
between the different benefits and a clean environment. Environmental concerns caused by FDI in some
territories of Kosovo are fundamental problems that require solutions. Elimination of barriers to FDI,
the strengths and weaknesses that were offered to investors are the primary issues that attract
investment. Except FDI are in positive correlation with GDP, at the national level factors of human
resource allocation are important in the territories where the population movement due to the
economic stagnation, and such cases can be found in Kosovo.
Keywords
Kosovo after the war, impact of FDI, desire for global integration, living standard, sectors,
environment
FDI fluctuations followed by GDP fluctuations in Kosovo and favoring particul...nakije.kida
This paper examines the main trends of FDI (Foreign Direct Investment) in Kosovo. Kosovo
as a country that had just emerged from war in 1999, with frequent changes of laws and
adoption of economic liberalization measures made very large strides in democracy and
international recognition of statehood. Fluctuations of FDI in Kosovo in the past 12 years link
these directly in the two macroeconomic indicators clearly express how important is the
stability of the country. GDP growth rate in Kosovo with a great opportunity for investors, one
more chance for the local population to find a new job. The perception of investors that there
is no risk to invest in Kosovo increased FDI flows. Success of Kosovo to boost foreign
investment becomes accessible if not delayed accession to the EU. All these factors have led
to a satisfactory level of the FDI in Kosovo, but economic and political context is crucial.
Kosovo has significant structural mismatch economy compared to countries in the region. This
information allows us to create a more favorable institutional framework for investment,
facilitates an investor to take a decision to invest quickly. From an investment perspective in
Kosovo economic structure, trends seen that capital to invest in some sectors. Investments in
the industrial sector (manufacturing) in mining, energy, construction, trade and services have
been attractive to foreign investors.
Deeping investment cooperation, promoting industrial transformation between China and Caribbean countries as presented by Dr. Wu Qijin, Chief Executive Officer, China-LAC Cooperation Fund on July 10, 2017 at a conference titled, 'Chinese Renminbi in the Caribbean-Opportunities for Trade, Aid and Investment,' held at the Hilton Barbados Resort.
Asheville Bond Rating Increases to AAAGordon Smith
Standard & Poor's Ratings Services raised its rating on Asheville, N.C.'s general obligation (GO) debt one notch to 'AAA' from 'AA+'. The outlook is stable.
Khan Mohd Eshtiaque, is currently a Masters in Management student at IE Business School. Previously, he interned as an M&A summer analyst at BDO's corporate finance division in Dubai, where he worked in deals in a variety of sectors including, natural resources, healthcare, facilities management, technology, real estate, utilities and agribusiness. Prior to that, Eshtiaque interned at the Private Banking department of HSBC.
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2. How to leverage your testimonials to boost your sales 💲
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Editable Toolkit to help you reuse our content: 700 Powerpoint slides | 35 Excel sheets | 84 minutes of Video training
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Know more: https://www.synapseindia.com/technology/mean-stack-development-company.html
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Experience unparalleled EXTENDED STAY and comfort at Skye Residences located just minutes from Toronto Airport. Discover sophisticated accommodations tailored for discerning travelers.
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www.seribangash.com
A Memorandum of Association (MOA) is a legal document that outlines the fundamental principles and objectives upon which a company operates. It serves as the company's charter or constitution and defines the scope of its activities. Here's a detailed note on the MOA:
Contents of Memorandum of Association:
Name Clause: This clause states the name of the company, which should end with words like "Limited" or "Ltd." for a public limited company and "Private Limited" or "Pvt. Ltd." for a private limited company.
https://seribangash.com/article-of-association-is-legal-doc-of-company/
Registered Office Clause: It specifies the location where the company's registered office is situated. This office is where all official communications and notices are sent.
Objective Clause: This clause delineates the main objectives for which the company is formed. It's important to define these objectives clearly, as the company cannot undertake activities beyond those mentioned in this clause.
www.seribangash.com
Liability Clause: It outlines the extent of liability of the company's members. In the case of companies limited by shares, the liability of members is limited to the amount unpaid on their shares. For companies limited by guarantee, members' liability is limited to the amount they undertake to contribute if the company is wound up.
https://seribangash.com/promotors-is-person-conceived-formation-company/
Capital Clause: This clause specifies the authorized capital of the company, i.e., the maximum amount of share capital the company is authorized to issue. It also mentions the division of this capital into shares and their respective nominal value.
Association Clause: It simply states that the subscribers wish to form a company and agree to become members of it, in accordance with the terms of the MOA.
Importance of Memorandum of Association:
Legal Requirement: The MOA is a legal requirement for the formation of a company. It must be filed with the Registrar of Companies during the incorporation process.
Constitutional Document: It serves as the company's constitutional document, defining its scope, powers, and limitations.
Protection of Members: It protects the interests of the company's members by clearly defining the objectives and limiting their liability.
External Communication: It provides clarity to external parties, such as investors, creditors, and regulatory authorities, regarding the company's objectives and powers.
https://seribangash.com/difference-public-and-private-company-law/
Binding Authority: The company and its members are bound by the provisions of the MOA. Any action taken beyond its scope may be considered ultra vires (beyond the powers) of the company and therefore void.
Amendment of MOA:
While the MOA lays down the company's fundamental principles, it is not entirely immutable. It can be amended, but only under specific circumstances and in compliance with legal procedures. Amendments typically require shareholder
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[Note: This is a partial preview. To download this presentation, visit:
https://www.oeconsulting.com.sg/training-presentations]
Sustainability has become an increasingly critical topic as the world recognizes the need to protect our planet and its resources for future generations. Sustainability means meeting our current needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet theirs. It involves long-term planning and consideration of the consequences of our actions. The goal is to create strategies that ensure the long-term viability of People, Planet, and Profit.
Leading companies such as Nike, Toyota, and Siemens are prioritizing sustainable innovation in their business models, setting an example for others to follow. In this Sustainability training presentation, you will learn key concepts, principles, and practices of sustainability applicable across industries. This training aims to create awareness and educate employees, senior executives, consultants, and other key stakeholders, including investors, policymakers, and supply chain partners, on the importance and implementation of sustainability.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1. Develop a comprehensive understanding of the fundamental principles and concepts that form the foundation of sustainability within corporate environments.
2. Explore the sustainability implementation model, focusing on effective measures and reporting strategies to track and communicate sustainability efforts.
3. Identify and define best practices and critical success factors essential for achieving sustainability goals within organizations.
CONTENTS
1. Introduction and Key Concepts of Sustainability
2. Principles and Practices of Sustainability
3. Measures and Reporting in Sustainability
4. Sustainability Implementation & Best Practices
To download the complete presentation, visit: https://www.oeconsulting.com.sg/training-presentations
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Youtube – https://www.youtube.com/startuplviv
FB – https://www.facebook.com/pmdayconference
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19.11.2013 Development keynote: Key challenges and opportunities for continued growth in Mongolia, Randolph Koppa
1. BACK TO THE FUTURE
Key Challenges and Opportunities for
Continued Growth in Mongolia
Randolph S. Koppa
President Trade and Development Bank of Mongolia
Mongolian Investment Summit Nov. 19, 2013
2. PATHWAY
• Review of past four years investment and
development
• Current investment issues being addressed
• Near term opportunities and needs
• Attracting the needed foreign capital
3. OCTOBER 2009: A PATH IS CHOSEN
• Signing of OT investment agreement
• Boost in Foreign investor sentiment
• Kick off of investment boom
• Race to the Future
4.
5.
6.
7. TOTAL FINANCING INVESTMENT NEEDS AND
OPPORTUNITIES 2010 TO 2015
• Mine Development $ 12 bn. to $ 20 bn.
• Infrastructure $ 8 bn. to $ 12 bn.
• Urban development $ 6 bn. to $ 8 bn.
• Agriculture $ 1 bn. to $ 2 bn.
• Industry and Commerce $ 15 bn. to $ 20 bn.
• Environment $ 1 bn. to $ 2 bn.
• Social $ 1 bn. to $ 2 bn.
• Financial Sector $ 1 bn. to $ 2 bn.
Totals: $ 45 bn. to $ 68 bn.
8. POTENTIAL SOURCES OF FUNDS 2010-2015
• FDI $ 11 bn. to $ 14 bn.
• Domestic sources $ 12 bn. to $ 18 bn.
• Sovereign Borrowing $ 3 bn. to $ 6 bn.
• Foreign Capital Markets $ 11 bn. to $ 16 bn.
• IFI & Foreign bank Loans $ 7 bn. to $ 12 bn.
• Donors and NGOs $ 1 bn. to $ 2 bn.
Total $ 45 bn. to $ 68 bn.
12. NOT TO SOUND CLICHED, BUT…
• “If everything is so good, why am I feeling so
bad?”
• “The glass is half empty”
• “What have you done for me lately?”
13. EXPORT REVENUES EASE AS MARKET SOFTENS
2.5
1.9
2.9
4.8
4.4
3.1
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 3Q2013
Source: Bank of Mongolia, National Statistical Office of Mongolia; exchange rate of USD : MNT = 1655.44
Export SectorExport Sector
14. FOREIGN INVESTMENT DROPPING
Foreign Direct InvestmentForeign Direct Investment
Source: Bank of Mongolia, National Statistical Office of Mongolia; exchange rate of USD : MNT = 1655.44
0.8
1.0
1.6
5.3
3.8
2.0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 3Q2013
16. CAUSES OF MONGOLIA’S MALAISE
• Early growth based on ramp up of coking coal
production and OT build up. Infrastructure
lagged.
• China’s GDP growth slowdown from 10% levels to
7% levels changed commodity market dynamics.
• Populist and nationalistic rhetoric during
elections of 2012 and 2013 seemed to precipitate
some unfortunate legislative and other
government decisions seen as unfriendly to
investors, notably as related to OT.
27. POWER
• Electricity, a 1500 MW need
• 20 % from clean renewable
energy sources such as wind
• USD 1.2 billion CHP5
proceeding on PPP BOT
• USD 2 billion of new projects in
development
• USD 2 billion more required in
near future
28. LIQUID ENERGY
• Need to reduce reliance on imports
• Mongolia has crude oil reserves and growing
production
• Coal to liquid and coal to gas projects in
development
• Coal shale has strong potential
• Potential to export energy or clean energy fuels
• Possible need USD 6 billion
29. LINKING TO THE MARKET
Size 1,040 km
Investment US$ 5.0 bn
Time frame 2012-2016
30. RAIL TRANSPORT
• Important 260 km link TT to border to be
completed end 2015. USD 200 million from
Chinggis Bond as seed money.
• Feasibility studies for link for TT to Sainshand and
north to Chinese and Russian connections
proceeding
• Aspire Mines in NW Mongolia seeking USD 1.3
billion for a 547 km 22mtpa line from Ovoot to
Erdenet.
• Total funding needs: USD 6 to 8 billion
31. ROAD
• ADB funded link to Chinese border
completed
• Chinggis Bond proceeds: USD 380
million applied to rural roads
• Chinggis Bond proceeds: USD 200
million for urban streets, mainly in
UB
• USD 1 to USD 2 billion more needed
32. WATER
• Perhaps THE critical resource
• Although more is being discovered, potential
shortages loom for UB and the South Gobi
mine areas.
• Transmission lines from northern rivers being
pursued as an option
• Water efficient management system
investments needed.
• Needs potentially USD 1 to 2 billion
33. URBAN DEVELOPMENT
• Significant construction of housing in the past four
years
• 37054 new units completed in UB alone
• Estimated investment over USD 4 billion
• Approximately 30000 units and construction
• However, 184,000, or 60 % of households in UB are in
ger areas without connected heat and utilities.
• USD 7 billion of housing development still needed in
UB, plus USD 3 billion in other towns next five years;
further USD 10 billion will still be needed beyond that.
34. INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT
• There has been roundly USD 5 billion in
industrial, agribusiness and commercial sector
funding of capital expenditure and expansion
but much more is needed such as for building
materials, and value added agri products.
• A major new area is the value added minerals
processing such as planned at Sainshand
• Coal to liquid and gas provides another major
initiative for import substitution and export.
• Potential need is from USD 15 to 25 billion.
35. SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL
• Investment lagging behind in medical and
educational.
• Environmental protection and green
development in energy, mining and industry is
a priority.
• Funding potential of USD 5 billion
36. FINANCIAL SECTOR
• USD 1.5 billion in outside funding attracted
• USD 5 billion may be needed in outside
funding of Tier 1 and Tier 2 capital, loan
growth, and mortgage backed securities
37. MINING SECTOR
• Over USD 10 billion in FDI past four years
• Considerable debt also raised
• OT phase 2 will be USD 4 to USD 5 billion
• Unlimited potential depending on markets
and investment climate
• Estimated range from USD 15 to USD 25 billion
38. TOTAL POTENTIAL INVESTMENT NEEDS AND
OPPORTUNITIES 2014 THROUGH 2018
• Mining USD 15 bn. to USD 25 bn.
• Infrastructure USD 11 bn. to USD 17 bn.
• Urban Development USD 7 bn. to USD 10 bn.
• Business Capex USD 15 bn. to USD 25 bn.
• Social & Environmental USD 3 bn. to USD 5 bn.
• FinancialSector USD 4 bn. to USD 5 bn.
• Totals USD 55 bn. to USD 87 bn.
39. POTENTIAL SOURCES OF FUNDS 2014 THROUGH 2018
• FDI USD 14 bn. to USD 24 bn.
• Domestic sources USD 19 bn. to USD 28 bn.
• Sovereign Borrowing USD 4 bn. to USD 6 bn.
• Foreign Capital Markets USD 8 bn. to USD 13 bn.
• IFI & Foreign bank Loans USD 9 bn. to USD 14 bn.
• Donors and NGOs USD 1 bn. to USD 2 bn.
• Totals USD 55 bn. to USD 87 bn.
40. DOMESTIC SOURCES NOT ENOUGH
• Budget capital spending to 20% of GDP
• Domestic government depth to 20% in GDP
• Bank CAPEX lending to 25% of total loans
• Business CAPEX investment grows to 20% of GDP
• MSE market cap grows from 12 % to 40 % of bank
debt as in other emerging markets
• Domestic debt market grows as pension and
other funds accumulate reserves
41. FOREIGN PARTICIPATION CRITICAL
• Domestic sources are limited by debt to GDP and other
norms and financial sector capacity.
• Foreign investors and lenders want not only good
prospects, but stable investment laws, sound fiscal and
monetary management, a strengthening legal
environment, and continuous demonstration of open
and fair treatment by the government.
• Trust still needs to be restored.
• Government pro private sector and pro foreign
investment policies and strategies being propounded
42. CONCLUSION
• Mongolia is facing a new reality
• Slower growth in China is a given
• A new strategy requires developing both
mining and industrialization in parallel
• Funding needs thus are higher
• Foreign investments from all neighbors is key
• The third neighbor policy for investment must
be affirmed
43. BACK TO THE FUTURE
• Need to go back to get to the future
• Back to a strong third neighbor policy
• We have to get back on track
• We have to go Back to the Future
44.
45. Thank you for your attention!
Juulchin Street - 7
Baga Toiruu - 12
Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
Tel: 976-11-31 99 43
Fax: 976-11-31 24 18
Email: corrbanking@tdbm.mn
http://www.tdbm.mn
http://www.bankcard.mn
http://www.mongolianbusinessguide.com