The document discusses the need for conducting a caste census in India. It argues that while caste plays a dominant role in social, economic, and political life, comprehensive caste data is lacking for over half of India's population. A caste census could help policymakers develop better policies by generating exhaustive data on deprived groups and occupations. It would also reveal privileged sections of society benefiting from caste advantages. Overall, a caste census is necessary to address a wide range of issues facing marginalized groups and inform a more rational debate on sensitive caste-related matters in India.
This morning, Kegler Brown hosted a packed room for its “Exporting to India: Strategies for Success” seminar in partnership with JPMorgan Chase and the Ohio Department of Development. The half-day event also featured insights from Prem Behl, managing director of India’s Ohio Office, international business students from the University of Findlay, and a panel of practical experts on the Indian market, comprising providers of both goods and services. Presenters and attendees discussed financial strategies for success with Martha Gabrielse, director of global trade finance for JPMorgan Chase, and best practices in legal intelligence with Kegler Brown’s Asia-Pacific Team Leader, Vinita Mehra and its Global Team Leader, Martijn Steger. Also in attendance were local appointed and elected officials, business leaders from across Ohio, and previous winners of the Ohio Governor’s e-Award for Excellence in Exporting.
Missed out on the Union Budget 2017 Presentation?
Indian Finance Minister, Mr. Arun Jaitely has once again taken the nation by wave with his pro-poor, pro-growth, pro-middle class, pro-youth & paradigm shifting Budget. Read the highlights of the Budget here.
This morning, Kegler Brown hosted a packed room for its “Exporting to India: Strategies for Success” seminar in partnership with JPMorgan Chase and the Ohio Department of Development. The half-day event also featured insights from Prem Behl, managing director of India’s Ohio Office, international business students from the University of Findlay, and a panel of practical experts on the Indian market, comprising providers of both goods and services. Presenters and attendees discussed financial strategies for success with Martha Gabrielse, director of global trade finance for JPMorgan Chase, and best practices in legal intelligence with Kegler Brown’s Asia-Pacific Team Leader, Vinita Mehra and its Global Team Leader, Martijn Steger. Also in attendance were local appointed and elected officials, business leaders from across Ohio, and previous winners of the Ohio Governor’s e-Award for Excellence in Exporting.
Missed out on the Union Budget 2017 Presentation?
Indian Finance Minister, Mr. Arun Jaitely has once again taken the nation by wave with his pro-poor, pro-growth, pro-middle class, pro-youth & paradigm shifting Budget. Read the highlights of the Budget here.
This slide deck includes the highlights of the recent Union Budget of India for the financial year 2017-18 announced by Mr Arun Jaitley (Finance Minister) on 2nd Feb 2017.
A budget is a quantitative expression of a financial plan, we all know that but, not everyone understands the whole of Budget. For this reason alone, the budget views are presented in a PPT format for your reference.
A presentation by CA Manish Hingar
Edelman India Public Affairs team provides an analysis of the Union Budget 2018-19 tabled in Parliament on Feb 1 -- featuring opinions from eminent economists and industry experts.
Contributors include:
Mr. T.S. Vishwanath
Partner, APJ-SLG Law Offices and Senior Advisor, Edelman India
Mr. Nirankar Saxena
Deputy Secretary General, FICCI
Dr. Geethanjali Nataraj
Professor of Applied Economics, Indian Institute of Public Administration
Dr. Amir Ullah Khan
Development Sector Economist, Professor and Director at the Maulana Azad National Urdu University, Visiting faculty of Economic Policy at the Indian School of Business
Mr. Neeraj Bansal
Partner and Head – ASEAN Corridor and Building, Construction and Real Estate sector, KPMG in India
Mr. Ravi S. Kochak
Former Additional Member (Production Units), Indian Railways
This presentation has been prepared to give a glimpse of Union Budget 2017-18. It will come handy for management students who have Finance as one of their subjects.
Infrastructure in Andhra Pradesh, Industries in Andhra Pradesh, GSDPBruce Clay India
Andhra Pradesh is located in the Southern peninsula of India and has a coast line of 974 km. The state has well-developed social, physical and industrial infrastructure and virtual connectivity, has good power, airport, IT and port infrastructure.
The APCO Geopolitical Risk Radar (AGRR) offers a timely snapshot of the global operating environment for businesses. It predicts how regional risks come together at a global level and offers a baseline from which to develop strategies to navigate, mitigate and grow through these risks.
Congressional China Task Force: Executing a Clean Capital Markets Strategy; K...Keith Krach
Former Under Secretary of State, Keith Krach, briefs the Congressional China Task Force on the The National Security Imperative for: Mastering Tech Statecraft and Executing a Clean Capital Markets Strategy on December 8, 2021
Given U/S Krach’s lead role in developing and operationalizing the Global Economic Security Strategy, as well as his transformational leadership in building market leading companies, he is one of the foremost authorities for combating China’s economic aggression.
During his tenure, Krach developed the new model of tech statecraft based on trust by integrating high-tech strategy with foreign policy tools to defeat the CCP’s masterplan to control 5G with the Clean Network.
He will address the necessity for mastering tech statecraft and the need to protect American investors from Funding CCP’s Surveillance State and Military Machine. He will share actionable recommendations for Congress to combat economic aggression.
This slide deck includes the highlights of the recent Union Budget of India for the financial year 2017-18 announced by Mr Arun Jaitley (Finance Minister) on 2nd Feb 2017.
A budget is a quantitative expression of a financial plan, we all know that but, not everyone understands the whole of Budget. For this reason alone, the budget views are presented in a PPT format for your reference.
A presentation by CA Manish Hingar
Edelman India Public Affairs team provides an analysis of the Union Budget 2018-19 tabled in Parliament on Feb 1 -- featuring opinions from eminent economists and industry experts.
Contributors include:
Mr. T.S. Vishwanath
Partner, APJ-SLG Law Offices and Senior Advisor, Edelman India
Mr. Nirankar Saxena
Deputy Secretary General, FICCI
Dr. Geethanjali Nataraj
Professor of Applied Economics, Indian Institute of Public Administration
Dr. Amir Ullah Khan
Development Sector Economist, Professor and Director at the Maulana Azad National Urdu University, Visiting faculty of Economic Policy at the Indian School of Business
Mr. Neeraj Bansal
Partner and Head – ASEAN Corridor and Building, Construction and Real Estate sector, KPMG in India
Mr. Ravi S. Kochak
Former Additional Member (Production Units), Indian Railways
This presentation has been prepared to give a glimpse of Union Budget 2017-18. It will come handy for management students who have Finance as one of their subjects.
Infrastructure in Andhra Pradesh, Industries in Andhra Pradesh, GSDPBruce Clay India
Andhra Pradesh is located in the Southern peninsula of India and has a coast line of 974 km. The state has well-developed social, physical and industrial infrastructure and virtual connectivity, has good power, airport, IT and port infrastructure.
The APCO Geopolitical Risk Radar (AGRR) offers a timely snapshot of the global operating environment for businesses. It predicts how regional risks come together at a global level and offers a baseline from which to develop strategies to navigate, mitigate and grow through these risks.
Congressional China Task Force: Executing a Clean Capital Markets Strategy; K...Keith Krach
Former Under Secretary of State, Keith Krach, briefs the Congressional China Task Force on the The National Security Imperative for: Mastering Tech Statecraft and Executing a Clean Capital Markets Strategy on December 8, 2021
Given U/S Krach’s lead role in developing and operationalizing the Global Economic Security Strategy, as well as his transformational leadership in building market leading companies, he is one of the foremost authorities for combating China’s economic aggression.
During his tenure, Krach developed the new model of tech statecraft based on trust by integrating high-tech strategy with foreign policy tools to defeat the CCP’s masterplan to control 5G with the Clean Network.
He will address the necessity for mastering tech statecraft and the need to protect American investors from Funding CCP’s Surveillance State and Military Machine. He will share actionable recommendations for Congress to combat economic aggression.
The power of Soft Law How to regulate global financial markets with non-binding legal standards.
Lecture held at the University of Trieste on 20 April 2016
Changing Landscape of Development Finance in Asia & Concerns for Civil SocietyRaffy Simbol
Keynote speech/presentation by Shalmali Guttal, Executive Director of Focus on the Global South, during the "Asian People's Call on Challenging the Asian Development Bank's Immunity Conference". 20 April, 2017, University of the Philippines - School of Labor and Industrial Relations.
this presentation outlines the birth of BRICS,its objectives,how it benefits other African countries,its challenges and threat to the established organizations
1Running head INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS PRACTICESMGM3552.docxeugeniadean34240
1
Running head: INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS PRACTICES
MGM355 2
MGM355-1403B-02
International Business Practices
Roderick D. Goodrum
Individual Project Phase 5
Colorado Technical University
Instructor: Lester Willis
09/17/2014
Introduction
Establishment of a business in a foreign land depends on strict evaluation and analysis of various factors inclusive of; the barriers to entry in the foreign nation, the legal systems, customer base, potentiality of growth, economic performance, and the cultural framework of the natives there. Failure to scrutinize such factors might impact success of the business negatively (Schill, 2014). This paper discusses the factors that a regional bank needs to consider before expanding into a foreign nation, China for this case. It uses Union Bancshares (UNB), a Californian based regional bank as an example.
Possible challenges in the new environment
This may be analyzed in three perspectives; educational discrepancies, cultural differences, and other social demographics. Culture refers to the values and norms held by members of a given society; the good and the bad defined by a society. Cultural conflict is felt a great depth in the work place, if the workers therein are from different ethnic origins. For UNB to ensure it gains a positive reputation in the public sector, the company’s management will need to employ workers from diverse cultural setups. Despite this move being positive in some way, the conflicts arising in the work place due to differing cultural expectations might hamper work progress negatively leading to poor performance. Another challenge is education level of potential employees within the locality within which the company plans to establish itself. Specific technical personnel might be inadequate in China compelling UNB’s management to outsource workers from far geographical locations, this is a costly process.
Legal and political environments
The legal systems in China are flexible rather than static. This poses a great challenge to foreign investors since laws regarding foreign investors might change negatively at the time of their investment. In People’s Republic of China, laws governing the business sector are made in the National People’s Congress (NPC) and the judicial system is vested with the power of ensuring all parties comply. When making a foreign direct investment, the first step is to describe in detail the pros and cons of the business to China’s economy, if the pros exceed the cons then the business is listed under the permitted category as long as all other factors have been fully satisfied. China is a politically stable nation despite its long term poor relation with Taiwan. This is a positive indicator for UNB since business operations are not likely to be disrupted due to political clash.
Government involvement in the private sector
A comparison to the US business practice is made to gauge the level with which the government intervenes in private businesses in Peop.
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The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
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Current Affairs
National Financial Reporting Authority (NFRA)
Reference News-
National Financial Reporting Authority (NFRA) Chairperson has pitched for ‘standalone
legislation’ for the regulator in the interests of autonomy.
• He also demanded that all necessary penal provisions relating to financial reporting should
be consolidated and vested with it.
Why this is necessary?
Currently, the NFRA may take action against auditors for professional misconduct but when it
came to other functionaries of a company who have the responsibility for financial reporting;
penal powers continue to be vested with the Centre. Standalone legislation will allow for
integrated regulation of all participants in the financial reporting system.
About NFRA:
National Financial Reporting Authority (NFRA) was constituted on 1st October, 2018 under section
132 (1) of the Companies Act, 2013.
Why was it needed?
In the wake of accounting scams, a need was felt to establish an independent regulator for
enforcement of auditing standards and ensuring the quality of audits so as to enhance investor
and public confidence in financial disclosures of companies.
Composition:
The Companies Act requires the NFRA to have a chairperson who will be appointed by the Central
Government and a maximum of 15 members.
Functions and Duties:
1. Recommend accounting and auditing policies and standards to be adopted by companies
for approval by the Central Government;
2. Monitor and enforce compliance with accounting standards and auditing standards;
3. Oversee the quality of service of the professions associated with ensuring compliance with
such standards and suggest measures for improvement in the quality of service;
4. Perform such other functions and duties as may be necessary or incidental to the aforesaid
functions and duties.
Powers:
1. It can probe listed companies and those unlisted public companies having paid-up capital of
no less than Rs 500 crore or annual turnover of no less than Rs 1,000 crore.
2. It can investigate professional misconduct committed by members of the Institute of
Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI) for prescribed class of body corporate or persons.
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World Bank discontinues doing Business rankings:
Reference News:
The World Bank Group has decided to discontinue publication of its ‘Doing Business’ rankings of
country business climates after a review of data irregularities in the 2018 and 2020 reports.
What’s the issue?
• In August 2020, World Bank paused the publication of Doing Business reports following a
number of irregularities were reported regarding changes to the data.
• The irregularities in Doing Business reports had affected four countries: China; Saudi Arabia;
United Arab Emirates; and Azerbaijan.
• A probe of data irregularities cited “undue pressure” by top bank officials, including then-
Chief Executive Kristalina Georgieva, to boost China’s ranking in 2017.
• This raised ethical matters involving former bank staff and board officials.
Why the report matters?
• World Bank’s annual report matters to several nations, especially developing ones, since it
greatly influenced investor decisions by releasing a ranking of economies based on how
easy it is to open up, and operate, a business. But while the report was hugely popular
among investors, it was heavily criticized by many governments for its methodology that,
leaders said, inaccurately captured the realities on the ground.
About Doing Business project:
• It provides objective measures of business regulations and their enforcement across 190
economies and selected cities at the subnational and regional level.
• Launched in 2003, looks at domestic small and medium-size companies and measures the
regulations applying to them through their life cycle.
• It ranks countries on the basis of Distance to Frontier (DTF) score that highlights the gap of
an economy with respect to the global best practice.
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Collective Security Treaty Organization:
Reference news-
The Collective Security Treaty Organisation (CSTO) is planning to hold large military drills in
Tajikistan next month, amid what it described as a deteriorating situation in neighbouring
Afghanistan.
Implications and rationale behind this:
Tajikistan is the only country out of the six-member bloc led by Russia that shares a border with
Afghanistan.
• Moscow has moved to cement its position as a key player in the region after the United
States’ hasty retreat from Afghanistan and the Taliban’s takeover of the country.
• The group also said it has taken “collective measures” to ensure Tajikistan’s security in case
of an “aggravation” on its border with Afghanistan.
About Collective Security Treaty Organization:
• It is an intergovernmental military alliance (six countries) that came into effect in 2002.
• Its’ origin can be traced to the Collective Security Treaty, 1992 (Tashkent Treaty).
• The headquarter is located in the Russian capital of Moscow.
• The objectives of the CSTO is to strengthen peace, international and regional security
including cybersecurity and stability, the protection on a collective basis of the
independence, territorial integrity and sovereignty of the member states.
Composition:
Current CSTO members are Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, the Russian Federation and
Tajikistan.
Afghanistan and Serbia hold observer status in the CSTO.
What the membership entails?
1. CSTO membership means that member states are barred from joining other military
alliances, limiting, for example, their relationship with NATO.
2. Most importantly, membership presumes certain key security assurances – the most
significant of which is deterring military aggression by third countries.
3. In the CSTO, aggression against one signatory is perceived as aggression against all.
4. It however remains unclear whether this feature works in practice.
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AUKUS Alliance:
Reference News-
The UK, US and Australia have announced a historic security pact in the Asia-Pacific, in what’s seen
as an effort to counter China. It is called the AUKUS pact and AUKUS alliance.
About the AUKUS Pact:
• Under the AUKUS alliance, the three nations have agreed to enhance the development of
joint capabilities and technology sharing, foster deeper integration of security and defence-
related science, technology, industrial bases and supply chains.
• Under the first major initiative of AUKUS, Australia would build a fleet of nuclear-powered
submarines with the help of the US and the UK, a capability aimed at promoting stability in
the Indo-Pacific region.
China’s response:
China has condemned the agreement as “extremely irresponsible”.
Concerns raised by China:
• The Alliance undermines regional peace and stability and intensifies the arms race.
• It shall reinvent a “Cold War mentality and ideological prejudice”.
Rationale behind the formation of this alliance:
The new partnership was announced in a joint virtual press conference. And while China was not
mentioned directly, the three leaders referred repeatedly to regional security concerns which they
said had “grown significantly”.
• In recent years, Beijing has been accused of raising tensions in disputed territories such
as the South China Sea.
• Western nations have been wary of China’s infrastructure investment on Pacific islands, and
have also criticized China’s trade sanctions against countries like Australia.
Why nuclear-powered submarines?
These submarines are much faster and harder to detect than conventionally powered fleets. They
can stay submerged for months; shoot missiles longer distances and also carry more.
• Having them stationed in Australia is critical to US influence in the region, analysts say.
• The US is sharing its submarine technology for the first time in 50 years. It had previously
only shared technology with the UK.
• Australia will become just the seventh nation in the world to operate nuclear-powered
submarines, after the US, UK, France, China, India and Russia.
• Australia has reaffirmed it has no intention of obtaining nuclear weapons.
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Daily Topic
Need For Caste Census
The caste system is India’s nemesis and has severely restricted the country’s ability to realise its
immense potential and become a great nation in science, technology, knowledge, art, sport and
economic prosperity.
Studies suggest that 94% of marriages are endogamous; 90% of menial jobs are performed
by the deprived castes, whereas this figure is reversed in white-collar jobs. This abysmal lack of
caste diversity, especially at the decision-making levels in various sectors — the media, the
judiciary, higher education, bureaucracy or the corporate sector — is weakening these institutions
and their performance.
It is indeed strange that while caste plays such a dominant role in our social, economic and
political life, no credible and comprehensive caste data exists for more than half the population of
our country.
Need For Caste Census
• Benefit in Policy Making: The purpose of a caste census is not merely geared to the
reservation issue; a caste census would actually bring to the fore the large number of issues
that any democratic country needs to attend to, particularly the number of people who are at
the margins, or who are deprived, or the kind of occupations they pursue.
o A caste census, which will generate exhaustive data will allow policymakers to develop
better policies, implementation strategies, and will also enable a more rational debate
on sensitive issues.
• Also Reveal Privileged Section of Society: Caste is not only a source of disadvantage; it is also
a very important source of privilege and advantage in our society.
o We have to stop thinking of caste as being applicable to only disadvantaged people,
poor people, people who are somehow lacking.
o The opposite is even more true: caste has produced advantages for certain
communities, and these also need to be recorded.
• Caste Has Important Position in Indian Society: While census data has been captured
for Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, religions and linguistic profiles, there has been no
profiling of all castes in India since 1931.
o Since then, caste has assumed an increasingly important position in our lives, and our
reliance on inadequate data has also increased.
• To Address Prevalent Inequalities: Unequal distribution of wealth, resources and education
has meant an acute shortage of purchasing power among the majority of Indians.
o As a democratic nation, we cannot forcibly overthrow the system, but we need to
address it in a democratic, scientific and objective manner.
• Constitutional Mandate: Our Constitution too favours conducting a caste census. Article
340 mandates the appointment of a commission to investigate the conditions of socially and
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educationally backward classes and make recommendations as to the steps that should be
taken by governments.
• To Burst the Myths: There are a lot of myths which actually deprive a large number of people,
particularly on the margins.
o Let’s take the case of Karnataka. For a long time, there were claims that among the castes,
the Lingayats are the most numerous.
o But a lot of other studies have brought out that this may not be true, and these kinds of
myths lead to the argument that given that this is a caste which is numerous, it has to be
constantly placated. These myths can be debunked through a caste census.
• Reduce Inclusion and Exclusion Errors: With accurate data of castes, most backward castes
can be identified.
o Some have benefited so much across the years, while there are people in this country who
have not benefited at all.
• The Supreme Court has time and again asked governments to provide the data related to
castes; however, this has not been possible due to the non-availability of such data.
o As a result, our national life suffers from mutual mistrust and misconceptions among
different castes.
o All such commissions have had to rely on data from the last caste census (1931).
Associated Challenges with Caste Census
• Repercussions of a Caste Census: Caste has an emotive element and thus there exist the
political and social repercussions of a caste census.
o There have been concerns that counting caste may help solidify or harden identities.
o Due to these repercussions, nearly a decade after the SECC, a sizable amount of its data
remains unreleased or released only in parts.
• Caste Is Context-specific: Caste has never been a proxy for class or deprivation in India; it
constitutes a distinct kind of embedded discrimination that often transcends class. For
example:
o People with Dalit last names are less likely to be called for job interviews even when their
qualifications are better than that of an upper-caste candidate.
o They are also less likely to be accepted as tenants by landlords. Thus difficult to measure.
o Marriage to a well- educated, well-off Dalit man still sparks violent reprisals among the
families of upper-caste women every day across the country.
Way Forward
o India needs to be bold and decisive in tackling caste questions through data and statistics
in the way the United States (US) does to tackle race issues, by collecting data around
race, class, language, inter-race marriages, among other metrics.
o This data provides a mirror to the State and society of the US in which they can see
themselves and take decisions to do course corrections.
8. www.iasnext.com
o Creation of National Data Bank: The Sachar Committee Report recommended setting up a
national data bank.
• The Justice Rohini committee was appointed in 2017 to look into the sub-categorization of
the OBC communities; however, in the absence of data, there can be no data-bank or any
proper sub-categorization.
Conclusion
• With every passing day and increasing social awareness, the urgency to do away with the caste
system is being sharply felt. Dr. BR Ambedkar stated that if India had to attain a place of pride
among the comity of nations, caste would have to be annihilated first.
• The 21st
century is the right time to solve India’s caste question, which would otherwise
extract a heavy price, not just sociologically, but also politically and economically, and make us
fall behind in the development index.
Questions of the day
1. Which organization has launched the
Planetarium Innovation Challenge?
(a) MyGov India
(b) ISRO
(c) NITI Aayog
(d) Birla Planetarium
2. Recently, which country has applied to
join the Asia-Pacific Free Trade grouping?
(a) India
(b) Japan
(c) China
(d) Singapore
3. Where was Swachhata Pakhwada 2021
launched?
(a) Mormugao Port Trust
(b) Cochin Port Trust
(c) Jawaharlal Nehru Port Trust
(d) Nhava Sheva International Container
Terminal
4. Recently, RBI has given its nod to which
bank to form a special committee of
directors in order to oversee the
operations?
(a) Equitas Small Finance Bank
(b) IDFC First Bank
(c) Yes Bank
(d) Ujjivan Small Finance Bank
5. Which organization is working on
technologies in order to develop reusable
GSLV Mk-III launch vehicle?
(a) Space X
(b) ISRO
(c) Virgin Galactic
(d) ROSCOSMOS