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1678120.ppt
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- 2. Agenda • WorkSafeBC Requirements •Definitions • Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment • Types of Respirators • Respirator Selection • Fit Testing
- 3. WorkSafeBC Regulation • Workerswho are or may be exposed to air contaminants that exceed: • an 8-hour TWA • ceiling limit, or • short term exposure limit
- 4. Definitions • Air purifyingrespirator • Canister and cartridge • Escape respirator • Fit check
- 5. Definitions • Fit test •Hazard Ratio • HEPA filter • IDLH
- 6. Definitions • Maximum UseConcentration • Qualitative fit test • Quantitative fit test • SCBA
- 7. Respiratory Hazard Identification andRisk Assessment
- 8. Hazard Identification &Risk Assessment 1. Identify hazards 2. Control risks 3. Assess and control remaining hazards 4. Select and provide respirators 5. Fit test, train and issue respirators
- 9. Hazard Identification &Risk Assessment • When a respiratory hazard is identified: • Determine nature of contaminant • Determine probability of exposure • Determine frequency of exposure • Determine permissible exposure limit
- 10. Hazard Identification &Risk Assessment • Breathing Hazards • Particles (dusts, fibres, mists, fumes • Gaseous (gases and vapours) • Oxygen deficiency • Combination hazards
- 11. Hazard Identification &Risk Assessment • Particle Hazards – Dusts and Fibres • Formed by breakdown of solids • Sanding, milling, cutting crushing, grinding • Irritate the airways • Can cause disease • Asbestos, silica dust
- 12. Hazard Identification &Risk Assessment • Particle Hazards - Mists • Very small liquid droplets • Formed by spraying, shaking, mixing, stirring • Irritate or damage exposed skin, eyes, lungs, airways • Damage to internal organs
- 13. Hazard Identification &Risk Assessment • Particle Hazards - Fumes • Tiny solid particles • May be formed by welding, smelting, soldering, brazing • Irritation to serious lung and nerve damage
- 14. Hazard Identification &Risk Assessment • Gaseous Hazards • Gases – Carbon monoxide, Chlorine
- 15. Hazard Identification &Risk Assessment • Vapours • Mix with air • Solvents, gasoline, acetone • Enter blood stream • May cause damage to nerves and internal organs
- 16. Hazard Identification &Risk Assessment • Oxygen Deficiency • Normal air contains 21% oxygen • O2 deficiency can develop from • Rotting, rusting, burning • Displacement by other gases
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- 18. Types of Respirators •Types of respirators • Half facepiece • Full facepiece • Air Purifying Respirators (APR) • Air Supplying Respirators • Escape Respirators
- 19. Types of Respirators •Half facepiece respirators • Cover only nose, mouth and chin • Available as • Filtering facepiece (disposable), or • Elastomeric facepiece with cartridges
- 20. Types of Respirators •Disposable Half Facepiece Respirators • Known as single-use or disposable • No replacement parts • Must have two straps
- 21. Types of Respirators •Elastomeric Half Facepiece Respirators • Made of silicone, thermoplastic or rubber • Cartridges or filters • One-way valves • Greater level of protection than disposable respirators
- 22. Types of Respirators •Full Facepiece Respirators • Cover full face • Silicone, thermoplastic or rubber • One or more cartridges or filters • Clear lens • Used when contaminants irritate the eyes • Offer greater level of protection
- 23. Types of Respirators •Air Purifying Respirators • Use a filter, cartridge or canister • Must know the concentration of the contaminant • Not for oxygen deficient atmospheres • 2 types: non-powered and powered
- 24. Types of Respirators •Non-powered Air Purifying Respirators • Either half face or full face • Similar operation in both
- 25. Types of Respirators •Powered Air Purifying Respirators (PAPR) • Battery powered blower • Easier to breath • More protective than non-powered • Still air purifying only
- 26. Types of Respirators •Powered Air Purifying Respirators – continued • Available in • Half face • Full face • Hood • Helmet
- 27. Types of Respirators •Escape Respirators • For emergency escape only • Never used for entry into contaminated area • Must be carried on worker in potentially hazardous area • Air purifying or air supplying
- 28. Types of Respirators •Filters and cartridges • Remove specific contaminants from the air • Must use proper cartridge • Only effective up to certain concentration of contaminant
- 29. Types of Respirators •Particulate Filters • Nine classes of particulate • N series (Not resistant to oil) • R series (Resistant to oil) • P series (Oil proof)
- 30. Types of Respirators •Gas and Vapour Cartridges • Remove gases and vapours from air • Trap or react with contaminants • Act like sponges • Limited capacity • Breakthrough
- 31. Types of Respirators •Air purifying canisters • Work like cartridges • Larger and last longer • Worn on chin, chest or back
- 32. Types of Respirators •Cartridge Warning Properties • Contaminants must have warning properties • Smell, taste, or breathing irritation • Warning properties differ for each contaminant • Odour threshold
- 33. Types of Respirators •Cartridge / Filter Maintenance • Store in sealed container • Replace filters / cartridges regularly • Date filters / cartridges when installed • Match cartridges with contaminants
- 34. Types of Respirators •Air Supplying Respirators • Supplied air (airline) • Self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA)
- 35. Types of Respirators •Supplied Air Respirators • Provide clean air • High pressure or low pressure systems • Must be approved airlines
- 36. Types of Respirators •Supplied Air Respirators – continued • Hood or helmet • No face seal • No resistance to breathing • Full face airline • Face seal • Positive pressure minimizes leaking
- 37. Types of Respirators •Self Contained Breathing Apparatus • Provides air from cylinder carried by wearer • Highest level of protection • Permitted in IDLH conditions
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- 39. Respirator Selection • Respiratorsmust be selected in accordance with: • The WorkSafeBC Regulation • CSA Standard Can/CSA-Z94.4-93 • 13 Step respirator selection approach
- 40. Respirator Selection 1. Identifythe Breathing Hazard • Ensure atmosphere is not oxygen deficient • Is there an emergency? • Are there hazardous air contaminants?
- 41. Respirator Selection 2. Checkthe concentration of each contaminant • Monitor to determine concentration • Done by knowledgeable person • Use historical measurements if available • If unknown concentration use positive pressure SCBA
- 42. Respirator Selection 3. Comparewith WorkSafeBC Exposure Limits • If no exposure limits use positive pressure SCBA • Compare workplace concentration with WorkSafeBC exposure limits
- 43. Respirator Selection 4. CheckIDLH Concentration • Is concentration less than IDLH? • If not, use supplied air respirator
- 44. Respirator Selection 5. CheckContaminant Properties • Inhalation hazard • Eye irritation • Skin irritant or skin absorption • Warning properties / odour threshold • Decomposition products
- 45. 6. Assigned ProtectionFactor • Each type of respirator is assigned an APF • Examples: • Half facepiece (non powered): 10 • Full facepiece (non powered): 50 • Full facepiece (powered): 100 • SCBA (positive pressure): 10,000
- 46. Respirator Selection 7. Calculatethe Hazard Ratio • Airborne contaminant concentration / 8- hour TWA • Compare with assigned protection factors • Choose respirator
- 47. Respirator Selection 8. CalculateMaximum Use Concentration (MUC) • 8-hour TWA x APF for respirator being considered • Air purifying respirators up to the MUC • If over MUC, supplied air must be used
- 48. Respirator Selection 9. IdentifyGeneral Type of Respirator Required • Air supplying – go to Step 13 or • Air purifying – go to Steps 11 - 13
- 49. Respirator Selection 10. ConsiderState of Contaminant • For air purifying respirators • If contaminant is a gas or vapour go to Step 11 • If contaminant is a particulate only go to Step 12
- 50. Respirator Selection 11. WarningProperties • Smell, taste, breathing irritation • If no adequate warning properties use: • Air-supplying respirator • Air-purifying respirator with end-of-service- life indicator • Air-purifying respirator with cartridges changed out regularly
- 51. Respirator Selection 12. SelectFilter or Cartridge • Each cartridge protects against specific types of contaminants • Must protect against all types • Nine classes of filters for particulates • Some contaminants have no effective cartridge
- 52. Respirator Selection 13. SpecialRequirements • Consider other PPE being worn • Ask workers for input
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- 54. Fit Testing 1. Userseal check • Negative pressure check • Positive pressure check 2. Fit Test • Quantitative fit test • Qualitative fit test
- 55. Fit Testing • UserNegative Pressure Seal Check • Don respirator and other PPE • Block inlet opening • Inhale slightly • Hold for 10 seconds • Facepiece should collapse slightly and not leak
- 56. Fit Testing • UserPositive Pressure Seal Check • Don respirator and PPE • Block exhaust valve • Breathe out slightly • Hold for 10 seconds • Facepiece should bulge out and stay out
- 57. Fit Testing • Mustbe done by a qualified person • Must be documented • Must be done at least annually
- 58. Fit Testing • Twotypes of fit test: 1. Qualitative 2. Quantitative
- 59. Fit Testing 1. Qualitativefit testing • Irritant smoke • Smell - Isoamyl acetate (banana oil) • Taste – Bitrex, Saccharin
- 60. Fit Testing • FitTest Exercises 1. Normal breathing 2. Deep breathing 3. Turning the head from side to side 4. Nodding the head up and down 5. Talking out loud 6. Normal breathing
- 61. Care and Maintenanceof Respirators
- 62. Respirator Care • Cleaning •Remove filter/cartridges • Remove head straps, valves, etc. • Wash facepiece with mild soap and warm water
- 63. Respirator Care • Cleaning– continued • Rinse facepiece in clean water • Disinfect facepiece • Dry facepiece • Wash valves and air dry • Reassemble
- 64. Respirator Care • Inspectingthe Respirator • Inspect before each use • Check for dirt, holes, tears, cracks • Rubber / silicone should be flexible • Inhalation and exhalation valves • Make sure they are there • Cracks, dryness • Not stuck closed
- 65. Respirator Care • Inspectingthe Respirator – continued • Head straps • Cartridge and filter holders • Cartridges and filters
- 66. Respirator Care • Storage •Position respirator to prevent damage • Don’t fold or bend parts • Keep in sealed container • Seal filters
- 67. Medical Limitations / Assessment •Medical assessment may be required if: • Claustrophobia • Breathing problems • High blood pressure or heart disease • Diabetes • Seizure disorders • Facial skin problems
- 68. Medical Limitations / Assessment •Medical assessment: • Type of work being done • Types of contaminants and their concentrations • Work conditions / environment • Type of respirator • Duration of use
- 69. Summary • What wehave covered: • WorkSafeBC Regulation • How hazard identification and risk assessments are done • The types of respirators available • How to choose the right respirator • How to do a user fit check
- 70. Summary • You shouldknow – continued • How fit testing is done • How to clean store and inspect your respirator • About medical conditions and assessment
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