1.5 the research process

SOUTHERN ISABELAACADEMY, INC.
Spirituality. Ingenuity. Academism
Charles W. Selby St., Centro 1, San Guillermo, 3308 Isabela Molding the youth since 1967!
THE RESEARCH
PROCESS

Since research is viewed
as a systematic and
scientific investigation,
it also follows the steps
similar to the scientific
method.

IDENTIFYING THE PROBLEM
•The initial step in the research process is the
recognition of a research problem.
•RESEARCH PROBLEMS are those that
cause unfavorable circumstances in a
community or an organization, further
investigation as recommended by previous
researcher studies, or gaps in any field of
study.

•Research problems may be in the form of
questions that need to be answered at the end
of the research activity.
•It is the heart of a good qualitative research.
•It serves as the researchers’ guide throughout
the research process and focus of all research
activities.

•Literature Review is very important in the
process of identifying research problems.
•It provides a good background information about
the problem and enables the researcher to know
what has already been studied about the research
problem and what procedures have already been
taken to deliver the results.
•Readings of the review can also give information
where to find sources of information relevant to
the problem.

FORMULATING HYPOTHESES
AND DESIGNING THE STUDY
•Reviewing the literature can also help in
formulating research hypotheses.
•A RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS is an
intellectual guess or tentative answer to the
research questions.
•It serves as a guide toward designing the
research methodology. A well-designed
methodology is the key to success of any
research endeavor.

FORMULATING HYPOTHESES
AND DESIGNING THE STUDY
The following questions provide a guide in
constructing an appropriate study design:
•From whom will your data come?
•Where are you going to collect your data?
•When and until when do you plan to gather your
data?
•How are you going to facilitate the whole
research activity?

COLLECTING OF AND
ORGANIZING DATA
•After designing and carefully planning the
methods to be done in the study, data collection
can commence.
•DATA COLLECTION is the process of gathering
information by means of a defined method in order
to support the hypothesis.
•DATA could be anything that is used to represent
facts and values or anything that may represent a
characteristic of something that is being measured.

ANALYZING DATAAND
TESTING HYPOTHESES
•Data gathered should be organized to facilitate
data analysis.
•DATAANALYSIS is the process of examining
data against the preconceived hypothesis.
•If the data support the hypotheses, then the
hypotheses cannot be rejected, suggesting that the
present research results conform to the literature.
•Rejection of the hypotheses implies that the results
differ from the existing literature.

ANALYZING DATAAND
TESTING HYPOTHESES
•With the volume of data to be considered and
analyzed, noting responses and creating a system
of coding actions and characteristics hasten the
process of generating meaningful results and
implications.
•Statistical procedures may help, but for qualitative
research, they seldom find use. As alternatives,
methods of data analysis can be employed.

INTERPRETING DATA
•Presenting data in a manner understandable to
readers is not enough for a scientific investigation.
•Gathered data must be interpreted correctly to
pave the way for drawing out meaningful
implications and in making the research relevant.
•Interpretation of data against an established theory
may be desirable. In the same manner, painting a
true picture of the data relative to the formulated
hypothesis may generate meaningful findings.

REPORTING RESULTS
•Reporting or communicating research results for
public information is essential.
•With this, the results may be used by stakeholders
for their own benefit, a responsibility needed to be
internalized by researchers.
•Public dissemination of research results may give
rise to further questions or research problems to be
undertaken by interested parties.

1.5 the research process

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