12th ICZEGAR
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1) This study examined the effects of a 2007 wildfire on ant assemblages in Abies forests in Mt. Parnitha, Greece. 2) Three habitat types were identified - unburned forest, burned forest, and an unburned patch surrounded by burned forest. 3) The results showed differences in ant species and genera composition between the habitat types. The unburned patch resembled the burned habitat more than the unburned forest.
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![EFFECTS OF MEDITERRANEAN WILD-FIRE ON ANT
ASSEMBLAGES (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE)
IN ABIES FORESTS
Nikoletta Stylianidi1,*, Chris Georgiadis 1, Anastasios Legakis 2
1 Section of Zoology – Marine Biology, Department of Biology
2 Zoological Museum, Department of Biology
National and Kapodistrian
University of Athens
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
• Fires in the southern Mediterranean region are part of
the natural processes.
• The indigenous flora and fauna have developed ways
of coping with this type of catastrophe.
• Ants overcome wild fires as hypogaeic animals.
• However, they depend on the hypergaeic resources
available, which are affected from the fire.
• Changes may occur on the composition of ant
assemblages in each newly-formed habitat as a result.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
• Monthly pitfall traps (6/2009 – 6/2010)
• Mt. Parnitha: big wild fire 2007 (map 1)
• Three different types of habitats
(1) unburned Abies forest
(2) burned Abies forest
(3) an unburned patch surrounded by burned
forest
• 6 station, 10 traps in each
• Taxonomic identification to the species level,
based on the key of Agosti & Collingwood
(1987)
RESULTS
• Specimens of 3 subfamilies, 13 genera, 35 species
CONCLUSIONS
• The patch resembles more the burned habitat, thus identified as a disturbed ecosystem
• The species Cataglyphis aenescens, Tetramorium semilaeve and Crematogaster sordidula proved that they are the most successful for colonizing the open
area as seen from their percent in the burned forest
• On a genus level, the patch is the most diverse, followed by the burned forest.
• On a species level the patch is the most diverse, but the burned forest is the least diverse.
• Less genera are represented by more species in the unburned forest.
• More long term research is needed in the future in order to identify the Formicidae as a suitable group when studying post fire regeneration arthropod
assemblages.
SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY
• Agosti, D, and C. A. Collingwood. (1987) A provisional list of the Balkan ants (Hym. Formicidae) with a key to the worker caste. II .
Key to the worker caste, including the European species without the Iberian. Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique Suisse, 60: 261 -
293
• York, A. 1994. The long-term effects of fire on forest an communities: management implications for the conservation of
biodiversity. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 36(1): 231-239.
• Andersen, A.N. 1997. Using Ants as bioindicators: Multiscale Issues in Ant Community Ecology. Conservation Ecology [online] 1(1):
8. Available from the Internet. URL: http://www.consecol.org/vol1/iss1/art8
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
I want to thank Prof. A. Legakis for accepting my application for this thesis, for
this is how my passion for ants first came to be.
I am grateful to Chris Georgiadis for being there for me and my ants, diluting
any doubts and questions that may occurred during the last 3 years.
Last but not least, I want to thank my close friends and family (Christina,
Spyros, Dimitris, Christine) for helping me with this project in their own way.
Table 1. Species and Genera abundance per month and per habitat
Table 2. Abundance per genera and per habitat
Table 3. Genera Diversity Indexes
Table 4. Species Diversity Indexes
The above diagram shows the result of the Principal Component Analysis (PCA).
Component 2 distinguishes the 3 genera that are abundant in the disturbed habitat
(green circle) from the other genera. Genus Formica is the dominant one in undisturbed
habitats (red circle). The rest of the genera are rare irrespective of the habitat. type.
The above diagram shows the result of the Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Both
components 1 and 2 separate the two stations of the unburned forest (green circle) from
the other stations. The grouping in the yellow circle indicates that the stations at the patch
resemble to the burned forest.
The aim of this experiment is to identify changes
in Formicidae assemblages in each type
of habitat post-fire
Contact info: nikol.stylianidi@gmail.com
Table 5. Dominant species per habitat](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/bd50b316-a0fa-478a-8164-e418f98ce74d-161115005335/85/12th-ICZEGAR-1-320.jpg)
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1) The study tested whether plant traits like height, trichome density, chemical composition, leaf area, specific leaf area, and dry matter content can predict levels of invertebrate leaf herbivory using 23 plant species.
2) Preliminary results from a pilot study with 8 species found a negative correlation between specific leaf area and herbivory, but this correlation was not significant when tested on the 23 species.
3) The final model found that only the presence of secondary defense compounds in leaves was a useful predictor of herbivory levels, which aligns with expectations about plant chemical defenses and herbivore interactions.
Schundler UBC Polypore Proposal
This document provides a preliminary proposal to study polypore fungi in forests on Haida Gwaii. The proposal involves studying polypore biodiversity and abundance across forest stands of different ages and management regimes using GPS-linked photography. It also proposes investigating nutrient transfer between polypore mycelia and ectomycorrhizal fungi using isotope labeling in laboratory microcosms. The proposal notes that polypores play an important role in forest ecology and many have medicinal properties, but they remain understudied.
Elliott Supplemental Information
Elliott Diggs has extensive field research experience studying wildlife populations. This includes conducting research on snake habitat use and predator-prey relationships in Alabama from 2011-2012, studying Australian freshwater turtle population structure in Queensland, Australia from 2009-2011, and supervising interns. He has presented his research findings at numerous conferences and published abstracts in Southeastern Biology.
SASDay2016
1) The study compared the drought response and fungicide effects of two riparian tree species, Salix nigra and Platanus occidentalis, to determine their potential for ecological restoration.
2) Results showed Platanus occidentalis grew faster than Salix nigra under drought conditions. Platanus also showed higher photosynthetic rates when drought stressed without fungicide treatment, indicating the native fungi benefited its growth.
3) The findings suggest Platanus occidentalis could be a suitable alternative to Salix nigra for riparian restoration, particularly under drought conditions if native fungi are left undisturbed.
Biodiversity Status of Flora and Fauna in Mt. Palaopao, Manilo Fortich Bukidnon
This study aims to determine the biodiversity status of flora and fauna in Mt. Palaopao, Manolo Fortich Bukidnon. Specifically, the researchers sought to identify the plants and animals in the area, determine which species are most abundant, and assess the conservation status of the identified species. The study is limited to a 20x20 meter area within Mt. Palaopao and does not consider areas outside of this boundary. The researchers employed several methods, including establishing a study area, assessing species distributions, collecting and preserving samples, identification, and measuring physico-chemical parameters.
Seminário 4 egerton-warburton_et_al-2000-ecological_applications_mycorrhiza (2)
Seminário 4 egerton-warburton_et_al-2000-ecological_applications_mycorrhiza (2)Carlos Alberto Monteiro
This document summarizes a study that evaluated shifts in arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal communities along an anthropogenic nitrogen deposition gradient in coastal sage scrub vegetation in southern California. The researchers found that increasing nitrogen input was associated with displacement of larger-spored AM fungi species by proliferation of small-spored Glomus species. There was also a reduction in AM species richness and diversity, as well as decreases in spore abundance, root infection, and changes in spore production timing in more nitrogen-enriched sites. A fertilization experiment yielded similar results, indicating that nitrogen input likely explains the relationship between pollution and shifts in the AM communities.Ecological sampling
This document discusses various methods for sampling plant communities. It describes transect and quadrat sampling methods. Transects involve recording plant species along a line or measuring their vertical distribution by digging trenches. Quadrats involve placing a grid and counting organisms within each square. The document also discusses measuring density, coverage, frequency, biomass, and diversity of plant species within samples. It provides formulas for calculating these metrics and comparing values between species.
Research Poster
This study evaluated the effects of fumigation on soil nematode communities and soil food webs in pistachio orchards in California. Nematode taxa distributions were analyzed using structural, channel, and enrichment indices. Results showed that fumigation decreased the channel index, indicating a reduction in the fungal decomposition pathway. The enrichment index increased with fumigation, suggesting greater nutrient availability promoted colonizer nematode populations. While structure was initially low due to agricultural practices, there was a trend of higher structure index values under fumigation. Overall, the results demonstrate that fumigation disrupts the soil food web by reducing fungi and favoring bacterial decomposition.
MAMMALS, EDGE EFFECTS, AND THE LOSS OF TROPICAL FOREST DIVERSITY Asquith & Me...
MAMMALS, EDGE EFFECTS, AND THE LOSS OF TROPICAL FOREST DIVERSITY Asquith & Me...Fundación Natura Bolivia
This document summarizes a study that experimentally tested how changes in mammal communities and wind exposure have affected tree diversity on forest fragments in Panama. The study assessed seed and seedling survival on islands and forest sites with different mammal compositions (no mammals, rats only, intermediate communities) and wind exposures (exposed, protected, interior). It was predicted that fragments with fewer mammal species would have lower seed dispersal, seed survival, and higher seedling herbivory, while exposed sites would have lower germination, seedling establishment and survival, especially in dry seasons. The results provide evidence that changes in biotic and abiotic conditions have reduced tree diversity on forest fragments by imposing multiple barriers to seedling recruitment.Seminário 1 collins et all 2002_plant community (2)
1) There was a positive relationship between local and regional plant species richness in tallgrass prairie, but this relationship varied with grazing, topography, and fire frequency.
2) Experimental removal of the dominant grass Andropogon scoparius resulted in a significant increase in local species richness compared to reference plots.
3) Overall species richness was higher in grazed areas compared to ungrazed areas, but grazing did not significantly affect the relationship between number of sites occupied and average abundance across the landscape.
Eje eje 201405-0008
- The study quantified predation along an urbanization gradient in Denmark using artificial caterpillars that could be identified by marks left by predators.
- In forest habitats, chewing insects exerted the greatest predation pressure (52.1%), while ants and mammals had lower rates. In suburban forests, mammals had the highest rate of predation (22.2%). In urban forests, ants and chewing insects had similar predation rates of 16.4%.
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UBC BLISS talk 2016
Rachel Germain presented research on how spatial structure can cascade across trophic levels. Studies of aspen understory plants, tallgrass prairie plants, and milkweed insect specialists found that spatial constraints like patch size and isolation affected species differently depending on traits like dispersal ability and sensitivity to predators. For example, animal-dispersed aspen plant species showed non-island biogeography patterns, while predation modified biogeographic constraints for sensitive milkweed insects. The results emphasize that spatial dynamics are complex and vary within and among trophic levels in ways not fully captured by island biogeography theory alone.
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Altered fire regimes modify lizard communities in globally endangered Araucaria forests of the southern Andes
Threats to Biodiversity
This document discusses biodiversity and threats to it. It begins by defining biodiversity and describing it at three levels: genetic, species, and ecosystem diversity. It then outlines several major threats to biodiversity, including habitat loss, climate change, pollution, overexploitation, invasive species, and disease. It provides more detail on habitat loss, describing the causes from human activities like agriculture, resource harvesting, and development. Habitat loss is a primary driver of species extinction worldwide. The document also discusses poaching and how it negatively impacts species survival and ecosystem balance. It notes man-wildlife conflicts have increased due to competition over limited resources and describes some of the efforts to mitigate these conflicts.
Termite (isoptera) assemblages in rufiji district tanzania
This document summarizes a study on termite assemblages under different land uses in Rufiji District, Tanzania. The study investigated termite abundance, feeding groups, and species richness in cropland, grassland, and forest areas. Standardized transect sampling was used to collect termites from the different habitats. Termites were identified based on feeding preferences and allocated to feeding groups. Statistical analysis found no significant differences in feeding group distributions across habitats, though human activities were found to influence termite variations to some degree. The results provide baseline data on termite feeding groups that can inform future research in the district.
Status of Bushbuck (Tragelaphus scriptus) and Buffalo (Syncerus caffer) in th...
The study titled “Status of Bushbuck (Tragelaphus scriptus) and Buffalo (Syncerus caffer) in the North and South Eastern parts of the Kimbi-Fungom National Park (K-FNP) of the North West Region of Cameroon” was carried out in the rainy season from 1st May to 31st July 2015. The general objective was to contribute to the conservation of bushbuck and Buffalo in the K-FNP through the establishment of status of mammals which will serve as a guide for management decisions. The methodology employed was the “recce-walk”. Twenty seven (27) lines transects of 2 km long each were walked making a total effort of 53km. One hundred and fifty six (156) questionnaires were administered to the local population, twenty one (21) semi-structured interviews to households and seven (7) focus group discussions with local chiefs and notables were used to get local people’s perceptions about wildlife conservation in the NP. Results revealed a total of 13 species of mammals within the NP belonging to 6 families. The Bovidae family had the highest number of species represented by the buffalo (Syncerus caffer), bushbuck (Tragelaphus scriptus), the blue duiker (Cephalophus monticola) and the red duiker (Cephalophus dorsalis). The buffalo and the bushbuck recorded encounter rates of 0.85 and 0.34sign/km respectively. The Buffalo had a higher density in the North East of the South East compartment of the park while the bushbuck had a higher density in the south west of the north east compartment. There was a strong relationship (R2=0.792) between the encounter rate of mammals and anthropogenic activities. Ninety two (92.31%) of respondents recognized the importance of the NP because they depended on it for collection of NTFP’s (34.60%), hunting of Bushmeat (12.80%), fuel wood gathering (7.70%), religious activities (6.40%), agricultural land (5.10%), harvesting of medicinal plants(5.10%), source of clean water (5.10%), traditional rituals (3.80%) and traditional medicine harvesting (2.6%). Ninety seven percent (97.2%) supported wildlife conservation because of its touristic, aesthetic and for sustainability. Thirty four percent (34.60%) of the respondents were aware of community implication in managing the NP. K-FNP is poor in species abundance, species richness and flagship species. Associated benefits from ecotourism are far-fetched coupled with encroachment by grazers. We therefore recommend that the government, councils, NGOs and the local communities should step up conservation efforts.
Status of Bushbuck (Tragelaphus scriptus) and Buffalo (Syncerus caffer) in th...
The study titled “Status of Bushbuck (Tragelaphus scriptus) and Buffalo (Syncerus caffer) in the North and South Eastern parts of the Kimbi-Fungom National Park (K-FNP) of the North West Region of Cameroon” was carried out in the rainy season from 1st May to 31st July 2015. The general objective was to contribute to the conservation of bushbuck and Buffalo in the K-FNP through the establishment of status of mammals which will serve as a guide for management decisions. The methodology employed was the “recce-walk”. Twenty seven (27) lines transects of 2 km long each were walked making a total effort of 53km. One hundred and fifty six (156) questionnaires were administered to the local population, twenty one (21) semi-structured interviews to households and seven (7) focus group discussions with local chiefs and notables were used to get local people’s perceptions about wildlife conservation in the NP. Results revealed a total of 13 species of mammals within the NP belonging to 6 families. The Bovidae family had the highest number of species represented by the buffalo (Syncerus caffer), bushbuck (Tragelaphus scriptus), the blue duiker (Cephalophus monticola) and the red duiker (Cephalophus dorsalis). The buffalo and the bushbuck recorded encounter rates of 0.85 and 0.34sign/km respectively. The Buffalo had a higher density in the North East of the South East compartment of the park while the bushbuck had a higher density in the south west of the north east compartment. There was a strong relationship (R2=0.792) between the encounter rate of mammals and anthropogenic activities. Ninety two (92.31%) of respondents recognized the importance of the NP because they depended on it for collection of NTFP’s (34.60%), hunting of Bushmeat (12.80%), fuel wood gathering (7.70%), religious activities (6.40%), agricultural land (5.10%), harvesting of medicinal plants(5.10%), source of clean water (5.10%), traditional rituals (3.80%) and traditional medicine harvesting (2.6%). Ninety seven percent (97.2%) supported wildlife conservation because of its touristic, aesthetic and for sustainability. Thirty four percent (34.60%) of the respondents were aware of community implication in managing the NP. K-FNP is poor in species abundance, species richness and flagship species. Associated benefits from ecotourism are far-fetched coupled with encroachment by grazers. We therefore recommend that the government, councils, NGOs and the local communities should step up conservation efforts.
Patterns of biodiveristy
1. There are various patterns of distribution for different species based on factors like habitat, geography, and climate. No two species have an identical distribution.
2. The causes of distribution patterns vary depending on the taxonomic level from broad families to specific genera.
3. Distribution patterns also vary depending on the spatial scale examined from global to local levels. Key factors that influence patterns include geological history, climate, food and habitat availability, competition, and human activities.
Eng ivy Response to Goat Browsing 2010 3(2)178-181
This study evaluated the effectiveness of using goats to control the invasive plant English ivy (Hedera spp.) in Oregon. Goats were allowed to browse in fenced plots for one day each in 2006 and 2007. English ivy cover was measured before and after browsing. Plots that were browsed once or twice had significantly lower English ivy cover compared to unbrowsed control plots. Browsing English ivy for two consecutive years was more effective at reducing cover than a single browsing. Overall, the study found that high-intensity goat browsing can help control English ivy invasion.
Passamani bjb
- Researchers studied a small mammal community in an Atlantic forest fragment surrounded by a coffee plantation in southeastern Brazil between 2002-2003.
- A total of 300 captures of 114 individuals from 11 species were recorded. 73% of forest species also used the coffee plantation, mainly young and male Marmosops incanus.
- The exceptionally low recapture rate in the coffee plantation suggests it functions as a corridor between fragments rather than habitat, with species moving through but not residing in the plantation. Understanding how species use matrix habitats is important for conservation planning as it affects individual movement patterns.
Vegetation development dynamics of fire experimental plots at olokemeji fores...
This document summarizes a study on the effects of different fire treatments on three experimental plots in Olokemeji Forest Reserve in Nigeria over 70 years. Plot A was burned annually late in the dry season, Plot B was burned early in the dry season, and Plot C was unburned as a control. Plot A developed into a savanna woodland with few tree species, while Plot B became a transitional woodland. Plot C developed into a closed-canopy forest with the highest tree diversity and soil litter. The timing and frequency of fires significantly impacted the long-term vegetation development in each plot.
Species diversity and functional groups of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in ...
Ants play a vital role in various ecological processes in the ecosystem. They are involved in nutrient cycling, soil aeration, seed dispersal, and indicator of habitat condition. The study was conducted to determine the species diversity and functional group composition of ants near the residential area and agro-ecosystem of Mt. Agad-agad, Brgy. Puga-an, Iligan City, Philippines. Ants were collected using baits and hand collecting to sample ants. A total of 4,047 individuals belonging to four subfamilies, 17 genera, and 23 species were documented in the two sampling sites. Species diversity was recorded highest in agro-ecosystem with H’=2.74 and species richness of 3.96. Also, five invasive species, including Paratrechina longicornis was recorded in both sampling sites. The most abundant functional group was Generalized Myrmicinae (36%) near the residential area, while Subordinate Camponotini (29%) in Agro-ecosystem. The result suggests that existing land-use influences species and functional group composition of ants, and the presence of invasive species indicates the magnitude of anthropogenic disturbances in the area.
Ecology Lab 1 Essay
The passage describes the ponderosa pine forests of the Colorado Plateau, which cover a large area from 6000-8000 feet in elevation. The largest ponderosa pine forest in the US is located on the Mogollon Rim in central Arizona, with an average elevation of 7000 feet. The dominant tree species is ponderosa pine, which commonly associates with Gambel oak and New Mexico locust at lower elevations. At higher elevations, ponderosa pine shares the habitat with other conifer species like white pine, white fir, and Douglas fir, as well as quaking aspen. Common understory plants include grasses, forbs, apache plume, buckbrush, currant, and cliffrose.
Finlay j.b. ,g.f.esteban & t. fenchel (1998) .protozoan diversity.converging ...
The document analyzes two methods used to estimate the global number of free-living ciliated protozoa species: taxonomic analysis and extrapolation from ecological datasets. The methods provide estimates that agree within a factor of two, suggesting around 3,000 total free-living ciliate species globally. This supports the hypothesis that most ciliate species are ubiquitous due to their small size and passive dispersal abilities, rather than having distinct biogeographies. If ciliates are truly ubiquitous, then extrapolating local diversity data from ecological studies to estimate global diversity should match estimates from taxonomic analysis.
Silvestre Peru Cuzco Hymenoptera Congress 2014
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Population Structure and Threats to Sustainable Management of Woody Plant Spe...
This study was conducted to assess population structure and threat to the sustainable management of woody species in the various ago-ecosystems in Dutsin-Ma Local Government Area (LGA) Katsina State, Nigeria. Purposive and stratified random sampling techniques were used to collect data from 21 randomly demarcated 100m × 100m sample plots. All woody plant species found in the sample plots with stem diameter >2 cm at 20cm above ground, were recorded. Population structure was summarized by diameter classes. For the identification of threats, field and questionnaire surveys were used. A total of 50 questionnaires were distributed at ten questionnaires per ward in five out of the 11 wards in the LGA. The highest numbers (350) of small diameter trees (0.1-1.0cm) were recorded in the agrosilvopastoral system. This was followed by silvopastoral and agrisilviculture systems with 89 and 85, respectively. However, the highest number of large diameter woody tree species was recorded in the silvopastoral system followed by agrosilvopastoral and agrisilviculture systems. The regular reverse J-shaped and fairly regular reverse J-shaped size class distribution observed for agrosilvopastoral and silvopastoral respectively, suggest a recuperating population. Over exploitation, debarking, de-branching, root- digging, leaf harvesting, seed harvesting, poor regeneration, slow rate of growth, wind effect and bush burning were the major threats to sustainable management of woody plant species in the study area. The implications of our findings for sustainable management of woody plant species in the study area are discussed and recommendations made.
Effect of human settlement and altitude on rangeland browse woody species bio...
The International Institute for Science, Technology and Education (IISTE). Science, Technology and Medicine Journals Call for Academic Manuscripts
Jonathan D.majer, Ants pass the bioindicator score board
This document summarizes two field studies that evaluated how well different invertebrate taxa performed as environmental or biodiversity indicators compared to plants, vertebrates, and each other. The studies were conducted on restored bauxite and mineral sand mines in Western Australia. At both sites, ant assemblage composition reflected trends in other taxa to a greater degree than plants, vertebrates, or birds. Taking into account data yield per unit effort, ants performed moderately well as environmental indicators and extremely well as biodiversity indicators. Overall, most invertebrate groups provided a better return on effort than vertebrates as bioindicators.
Impacts of fires on the woody stratum of Mbam and Djerem National Park (Camer...
In Cameroon, the recurrent and uncontrolled use of bush fires, causing damage to the ecosystem, and constitutes a worrying situation for protected area managers. . The Mbam et Djerem National Park (PNMD) is threatened by bush fires and particularly by uncontrolled late fires which compromise all of its biodiversity and the future of the park. Faced with this increasingly high occurrence of fires and the insufficiency of basic data, it becomes urgent to assess the impacts of fire on the woody and grassy stratum according to the fire regime and at the end of proposing fire management strategies at PNMD level. To do this, experimental plots were installed, the impacts of fire on vegetation according to fire regimes were assessed. The results reveal that: 74% of the trees examined are barked by fire and the proportion of these barked trees varies according to the species of tree, which constitutes entry points for termites and bees in the trees. Adults are significantly more skinned (70%) than young people (30%) (variance = 32.447 df = 1, χ2 = 103.014, p = 0.004). The intensity of the fire is significantly different from one fire regime to another (p = 0.0154). The rate of regrowth is different between treatments (ANOVA, p = 0.005). High (apparent) mortality is observed for class 2 individuals (35%), i.e. juveniles suffering from late fires. Remote sensing therefore appears to be a more valuable tool for monitoring and analyzing space and time for strategic and operational planning and for early warning in the management of bush fires.
Exploration of the Ecological Niche of Chacoan Species in Environmental Space
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This document explores the ecological niches of four species predominantly found in the Chaco region - Bulnesia sarmientoi, Calomys callosus, Leptodactylus bufonius, and Tolypeutes matacus - by modeling their niches in environmental space. It finds that L. bufonius and T. matacus have broader niches while B. sarmientoi and C. callosus have narrower niches. Additionally, all species' niches show some overlap, with an area of environmental space where all four species' niches overlap. Modeling species' niches in environmental space provides new insights into the biogeography of species in the ChacoFloristic constitution and certain ecological characters of two selected natu...
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Mangroves are the important salt tolerant vegetation having more ecological and economical significances. In comparison to that of eastern coastal part, the western coastal region of Peninsular India comprises less area of mangroves. Therefore, establishing new mangroves in suitable habitats in this region is more essential to maintain the ecological processes in coastal landscape. To select the suitable mangrove species for newer areas of Kerala coast, a preliminary study on ecology was carried out in two natural mangrove vegetation at Ayiramthengu and Mandrothruthu, Kollam district. The study revealed that out of 34 (Ayiramthengu) and 24 (Mandrothruthu) species present, a sizable number of eight and six species respectively were true mangroves and adapted more prominently in their respective site indicated by higher Importance Value Index (IVI) and Relative Value of Importance (RVI) obtained by them. Therefore, these species are suggested for new formations of mangrove vegetation in the coastal regions of Kerala.U.4 naturales-ecosystem 5
This document contains an article and exercises about ecosystems. It discusses different components of ecosystems like producers, consumers, food chains, and relationships between species. It also includes diagrams of a food web and examples of different ecosystem relationships. The exercises test understanding of key ecosystem concepts and require labeling parts of diagrams and food chains.
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Eng ivy Response to Goat Browsing 2010 3(2)178-181
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Jonathan D.majer, Ants pass the bioindicator score board
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12th ICZEGAR
- 1. EFFECTS OF MEDITERRANEAN WILD-FIRE ON ANT ASSEMBLAGES (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE) IN ABIES FORESTS Nikoletta Stylianidi1,*, Chris Georgiadis 1, Anastasios Legakis 2 1 Section of Zoology – Marine Biology, Department of Biology 2 Zoological Museum, Department of Biology National and Kapodistrian University of Athens AIMS AND OBJECTIVES • Fires in the southern Mediterranean region are part of the natural processes. • The indigenous flora and fauna have developed ways of coping with this type of catastrophe. • Ants overcome wild fires as hypogaeic animals. • However, they depend on the hypergaeic resources available, which are affected from the fire. • Changes may occur on the composition of ant assemblages in each newly-formed habitat as a result. MATERIALS AND METHODS • Monthly pitfall traps (6/2009 – 6/2010) • Mt. Parnitha: big wild fire 2007 (map 1) • Three different types of habitats (1) unburned Abies forest (2) burned Abies forest (3) an unburned patch surrounded by burned forest • 6 station, 10 traps in each • Taxonomic identification to the species level, based on the key of Agosti & Collingwood (1987) RESULTS • Specimens of 3 subfamilies, 13 genera, 35 species CONCLUSIONS • The patch resembles more the burned habitat, thus identified as a disturbed ecosystem • The species Cataglyphis aenescens, Tetramorium semilaeve and Crematogaster sordidula proved that they are the most successful for colonizing the open area as seen from their percent in the burned forest • On a genus level, the patch is the most diverse, followed by the burned forest. • On a species level the patch is the most diverse, but the burned forest is the least diverse. • Less genera are represented by more species in the unburned forest. • More long term research is needed in the future in order to identify the Formicidae as a suitable group when studying post fire regeneration arthropod assemblages. SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY • Agosti, D, and C. A. Collingwood. (1987) A provisional list of the Balkan ants (Hym. Formicidae) with a key to the worker caste. II . Key to the worker caste, including the European species without the Iberian. Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique Suisse, 60: 261 - 293 • York, A. 1994. The long-term effects of fire on forest an communities: management implications for the conservation of biodiversity. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 36(1): 231-239. • Andersen, A.N. 1997. Using Ants as bioindicators: Multiscale Issues in Ant Community Ecology. Conservation Ecology [online] 1(1): 8. Available from the Internet. URL: http://www.consecol.org/vol1/iss1/art8 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I want to thank Prof. A. Legakis for accepting my application for this thesis, for this is how my passion for ants first came to be. I am grateful to Chris Georgiadis for being there for me and my ants, diluting any doubts and questions that may occurred during the last 3 years. Last but not least, I want to thank my close friends and family (Christina, Spyros, Dimitris, Christine) for helping me with this project in their own way. Table 1. Species and Genera abundance per month and per habitat Table 2. Abundance per genera and per habitat Table 3. Genera Diversity Indexes Table 4. Species Diversity Indexes The above diagram shows the result of the Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Component 2 distinguishes the 3 genera that are abundant in the disturbed habitat (green circle) from the other genera. Genus Formica is the dominant one in undisturbed habitats (red circle). The rest of the genera are rare irrespective of the habitat. type. The above diagram shows the result of the Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Both components 1 and 2 separate the two stations of the unburned forest (green circle) from the other stations. The grouping in the yellow circle indicates that the stations at the patch resemble to the burned forest. The aim of this experiment is to identify changes in Formicidae assemblages in each type of habitat post-fire Contact info: nikol.stylianidi@gmail.com Table 5. Dominant species per habitat