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This study examined the distribution of ant species across the Aegean Islands of Greece. The researcher conducted surveys at 57 stations across 3 islands, sampling different habitats. The results showed that the Mid-Aegean sea formed a barrier dividing the western and eastern islands into distinct ant communities. However, the expected gradient of European vs. Asian ant genera was not observed, indicating human transport has altered distributions. Across all islands, ant diversity increased with mild disturbance but declined with intense human pressure. Protected areas showed low diversity, suggesting habitat fragmentation is degrading conservation efforts. Further species-level identification and resampling is needed to fully evaluate patterns of composition and conservation impacts.
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2) One colonization from western North America led to diversification as species migrated between Florida's sand ridges formed at different times.
3) Closely related species tended not to co-occur on the same ridges, suggesting allopatric speciation associated with sand ridge formation.
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This document contain smart definitions about zoogeography and tells about the distribution and its types. This is studied in Master classes of zoology in AWKUM.
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This study describes the relationship of the natural wetland habitats in Agusan Marsh to nearby rice fields and its implication to ecological rice production. Aquatic insects play multiple roles in the ecosystem such as predators, prey to other animals and decomposers which help in maintaining ecological balance. Results revealed that the diversity of odonates was highest in the sedge-dominated swamp among natural habitats which corresponds to the adjoining ricefields. The pattern of clustering of odonates show 3 groups; the rice-sago and rice-sedges sub-cluster, the rice-bangkal, rice-Terminalia, rice-fern, bangkal, sago and sedges sub-cluster, and the Terminalia forest as the outlier. The diversity of semi-aquatic and aquatic bugs was highest in the Bangkal forest while the lowest was in the fern-dominated swamp. The pattern of clustering shows 2 sub-clusters and the outlier Bangkal forest. On aquatic beetles, highest diversity was in the Terminalia forest. The sub-cluster consists of Terminalia habitat and rice-fern, while the other sub-cluster includes rice-Bangkal and rice-Terminalia. The resulting patterns of similarity in diversity and distribution of species in natural habitats and nearby ricefields indicate that ricefields are important temporary habitats for some aquatic insect species and serve as stepping stones for the movement of the insects.
Kenchel
This study sought to determine if patterns of microbial diversity in canopy soil patches are consistent with patterns of diversity on islands as described by island biogeography theory. The researcher collected soil samples from the ground and canopy of trees in a Costa Rican cloud forest. Microbial morphospecies were identified and diversity metrics were calculated and compared between ground and canopy soil. Canopy soil had significantly lower species richness than ground soil, supporting the idea that canopy patches limit microbial diversity. However, other diversity patterns did not fully match island biogeography predictions, and ground-canopy microbial communities were more similar than expected. This suggests that movement between ground and canopy may not form as strong a barrier to microbial dispersal as the theory predicts.
What's hot (20)
Phylogeography and genetic diversity of Baetodes huaico (EPHEMEROPTERA: BAETI...
Phylogeography and genetic diversity of Baetodes huaico (EPHEMEROPTERA: BAETI...
Wildlife Society Bulletin 2016 CraggTechniques for monitoring Brachyramphusmu...
Wildlife Society Bulletin 2016 CraggTechniques for monitoring Brachyramphusmu...
Evidence for morphological evolutionary stasis in a Middle Miocene Inselbergs...
Evidence for morphological evolutionary stasis in a Middle Miocene Inselbergs...
Guerreiro (2014). Biodiversity distribution in the western Sahara-Sahel the r...
Guerreiro (2014). Biodiversity distribution in the western Sahara-Sahel the r...
Magpali et al (2020) Adaptive evolution of hearing genes in echolocating dolp...
Magpali et al (2020) Adaptive evolution of hearing genes in echolocating dolp...
Introduction to zoogeography and types of distribution
Introduction to zoogeography and types of distribution
Changes in climate conditions affect the phenology of seabirds 2
Changes in climate conditions affect the phenology of seabirds 2
Regional and global elevational patterns of microbial species richness and ev...
Regional and global elevational patterns of microbial species richness and ev...
Jonathan D.majer, Ants pass the bioindicator score board
Jonathan D.majer, Ants pass the bioindicator score board
Aquatic Insect Similarity Connecting Natural Wetland Habitat and Ricefield fo...
Aquatic Insect Similarity Connecting Natural Wetland Habitat and Ricefield fo...
Similar to MSc thesis
Grant_Cait_FINAL
This study examined the relationship between seagrass coverage and invertebrate abundance on the island of South Caicos. Researchers measured seagrass coverage using transects and quadrats at six sites and recorded observed invertebrate species. The data analysis found no significant correlations between seagrass density and invertebrate abundance. While previous studies found such correlations, the researchers believe methodological issues and environmental conditions affected their results. Further research with improved methods is needed to better understand these relationships and inform plans to remove seagrass beds.
University Of Glasgow Iceland Expedition 2008
The document summarizes research conducted by the University of Glasgow Iceland Expedition at Skalanes Nature Reserve in 2008. The expedition aimed to study the reserve's flora and fauna to support sustainable tourism and education. Projects included creating bird guides, monitoring seabird populations like Arctic terns, and investigating vegetation like Arctic lupine. Methodologies were tested to routinely survey bird populations and monitor changes over time. The research helped develop the reserve's management plan and provided educational materials for visitors.
Diversity and dispersion patterns of echinoderms in Babanlagan, Talisayan, Mi...
Echinoderms are fundamentally good indicators of health and status of coralline communities in marine waters. In this study, the diversity and distribution of echinoderm species were determined in Babanlagan, Talisayan, Misamis Oriental. In total, 387 individuals were collected coming from classes Echinoidea, Holothuroidea, Asteroidea, and Ophiuroidea. The majority of individuals collected were Protoreaster nodusus, which is a good indicator of reef health while the least abundant echinoderm species was Acanthaster planci. The pattern of distribution of majority of echinoderms was a clumped distribution while the other groups followed regular/uniform distribution, which may be due to limited dispersal ability and availability and available food sources. Moderate species diversity was also observed and species were rather similar in abundance, shown by the evenness index. This suggests good marine health, even under the threat of gleaning activities, active fishing, and habitat destruction. It is recommended that follow-up studies are conducted especially regarding monitoring of echinoderm species, to further assess the health of the intertidal zone in Babanlagan, Talisayan, Misamis Oriental.
Research Proposal - Are the Adélie penguin, Pygoscelis adeliae, populations w...
Rational - The focus on this study is to evaluate how the population size and health of Adélie penguin, Pygoscelis adeliae, colonies at Cape Royds, Cape Bird and Cape Crozier have changed over time, especially in relation to the Ross Sea region Marine Protected Area, MPA, established in 2017 and considering major environmental and biological factors that could have an effect on these populations. We will continue to collect new data annually to look at any affects the Ross Sea region MPA is having on these populations. Using data about population sizes of colonies and health of individuals from within the colonies, we will evaluate the overall health of the colonies and predict how we expect them to change in the near future. This is an important study as P. adeliae are an indicator species for their local ecosystem – the health of the penguin colonies reflects the health of the local ecosystem.
Evidence for impacts by jellyfish on north sea
This study examines the potential impact of jellyfish on North Sea herring recruitment. It analyzes data on jellyfish and herring larval abundance in the North Sea from 1971-1986, excluding 1984. The study finds a positive correlation between jellyfish and herring larval abundance, indicating concurrence that could lead to competition. It also finds a negative relationship between survival of herring to age 0 and abundance of the jellyfish Aurelia aurita, suggesting this species may adversely impact herring populations. Finally, the study suggests climate variability, as measured by the North Atlantic Oscillation Index, may influence the impact of jellyfish on herring survival and recruitment through effects on jellyfish abundance.
Gjesm150171451593800
Reforestation is one of the Philippines’ government efforts to restore and rehabilitate degraded mangrove ecosystems. Although there is recovery of the ecosystem in terms of vegetation, the recovery of closely-linked faunal species in terms of community structure is still understudied. This research investigates the community structure of mangrove crabs under two different management schemes: protected mangroves and reforested mangroves. The transect-plot method was employed in each management scheme to quantify the vegetation, crab assemblages and environmental variables. Community composition of crabs and mangrove trees were compared between protected and reforested mangroves using non-metric multi-dimensional scaling and analysis of similarity in PRIMER 6. Chi-squared was used to test the variance of sex ration of the crabs. Canonical Correspondence Analysis was used to determine the relationship between crabs and environmental parameters. A total of twelve species of crabs belonging to six families were identified in protected mangroves while only four species were documented in reforested mangroves. Perisesarma indiarum and Baptozius vinosus were the most dominant species in protected and reforested mangrove, respectively. Univariate analysis of variance of crab assemblage data revealed significant differences in crab composition and abundance between protected mangroves and from reforested mangroves (P<0.05).><0.05).Environmental factors and human intervention had contributed to the difference in crab assemblages in mangrove ecosystems.
Research 5.pdf
دراسة تنوع نباتات العائلة المركبةAsteraceae و علاقتها بمكونات التربة و تعتبر انواع العائلة المركبة اكبر عوائل النباتية عددا فى الانواع و خاصة فى المناطق الصحراوية.
Albufera
This study analyzed spatial and temporal variation in plant community composition and species cover following dune restoration along the Devesa de Albufera in Valencia, Spain from 1988 to 2004. Restoration involved reintroducing native plant populations to different sections of coastline. The current study compared current species composition and cover across the length of the coastline and across dune faces to differences imposed during initial restoration. Non-metric multidimensional scaling detected significant differences both across dune faces, related to ecological gradients, and across coast sections, related to differences in initial restoration protocols, with a trend toward homogenization over time.
Trends in Macrophyte Diversity in Anthropogenic Perturbed Lentic Ecosystems w...
Aquatic macrophytes hold several niches within the ecosystem, including inter alia water purification, carbon sequestration and serve as microhabitats for aquatic insects. These dynamic roles make macrophytes good indicators of current environmental conditions. Hence assessing their abundance in line with wetland ecosystem dynamics and function is essential. Frequency of occurrence and density values were estimated, using twenty (20) 2 m x 2 m quadrats for each macrophyte encountered. The results of the study revealed twenty-one (21) macrophytes belonging to 16 families. These ponds varied markedly in terms of species composition and in numerical strength such that Polygonum lanigerum (1143+175st/ha), Setaria verticillata (337.5+ 32.8st/ha), Azolla pinnata (337.7+ 16.4 st/ha) recorded high density values while Lagenaria breviflora (18.7±2.19), Sida acuta (18.75±5.30), Ludwigia erecta (18.7±0.15) and Milletia aboensis (18.7±0.03) were the least abundant species. Pond A and D with 11 taxa each had the higher Shannon-Wiener (2.192, 2.214) and Simpson (0.8699, 0.8787) diversity indices respectively when compared to the other ponds. On the contrary, pond C with four taxa had the least Shannon-Wiener and Simpson diversity indices (1.253, 0.6782) respectively. Equitability and evenness ranged between 0.914 - 0. 952 and 0.814 - 0.900 respectively. Bray and Curtis cluster analysis showed that pond B was the most dissimilar compared to other ponds in terms of the taxa composition.
Temporal Variation in the Epiphytes of Laurencia obtusa and Cystoseira myrica...
Temporal Variation in the Epiphytes of Laurencia obtusa and Cystoseira myrica...the Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
Algal epiphytes were examined for 12 months at Shura El-Roweysia and several tidal levels on the shore
of South Sinai dominated by Laurencia obtusa and Cystoseira myrica. Sixty seven species of the
epiphytes were recorded (41 Bacillariophyta, 20 Cyanophyta, 3 Chlorophyta and 3 Pyrrhophyta). An
inverse relationship between percentage cover of L. obtusa and their epiphytes were observed to be
affected by desiccation stress due to frequent emersion of the intertidal flat and exposure to strong
radiation, while high cover percentage of C. myrica was associated with the high number of epiphytes.mastitsky_article
This document summarizes a two-year study of the seasonal dynamics of endosymbiotic ciliates and nematodes in the freshwater mussel Dreissena polymorpha. The study found that the prevalence and intensity of infection by three ciliate species (Conchophthirus acuminatus, Ophryoglena sp., and Ancistrumina limnica) and nematodes varied significantly over time. C. acuminatus and A. limnica infection intensities peaked in summer and correlated positively with water temperature, while Ophryoglena sp. and nematode infections were lower in summer and correlated negatively with temperature. The study also monitored body size and reproduction of C. acumin
Using Satellite Tracking to Optimize Protection of Long-Live.docx
Using Satellite Tracking to Optimize Protection of Long-
Lived Marine Species: Olive Ridley Sea Turtle
Conservation in Central Africa
Sara M. Maxwell1¤*, Greg A. Breed2, Barry A. Nickel3, Junior Makanga-Bahouna4, Edgard Pemo-Makaya4,
Richard J. Parnell4, Angela Formia5, Solange Ngouessono6, Brendan J. Godley7, Daniel P. Costa2,
Matthew J. Witt7, Michael S. Coyne7,8
1 Ocean Sciences Department, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, United States of America, 2 Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology,
University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, United States of America, 3 Center for Integrated Spatial Research, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz,
California, United States of America, 4 Wildlife Conservation Society, Parc National de Mayumba, Mayumba, Gabon, 5 Wildlife Conservation Society, Global Conservation
Program, New York, New York, United States of America, 6 Agence Nationale des Parcs Nationaux, Libreville, Gabon, 7 Marine Turtle Research Group, Centre for Ecology
and Conservation, University of Exeter, Penyrn, Cornwall, United Kingdom, 8 SEATURTLE.org, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
Abstract
Tractable conservation measures for long-lived species require the intersection between protection of biologically relevant
life history stages and a socioeconomically feasible setting. To protect breeding adults, we require knowledge of animal
movements, how movement relates to political boundaries, and our confidence in spatial analyses of movement. We used
satellite tracking and a switching state-space model to determine the internesting movements of olive ridley sea turtles
(Lepidochelys olivacea) (n = 18) in Central Africa during two breeding seasons (2007-08, 2008-09). These movements were
analyzed in relation to current park boundaries and a proposed transboundary park between Gabon and the Republic of
Congo, both created to reduce unintentional bycatch of sea turtles in marine fisheries. We additionally determined
confidence intervals surrounding home range calculations. Turtles remained largely within a 30 km radius from the original
nesting site before departing for distant foraging grounds. Only 44.6 percent of high-density areas were found within the
current park but the proposed transboundary park would incorporate 97.6 percent of high-density areas. Though tagged
individuals originated in Gabon, turtles were found in Congolese waters during greater than half of the internesting period
(53.7 percent), highlighting the need for international cooperation and offering scientific support for a proposed
transboundary park. This is the first comprehensive study on the internesting movements of solitary nesting olive ridley sea
turtles, and it suggests the opportunity for tractable conservation measures for female nesting olive ridleys at this and other
solitary nesting sites around the world. We draw from our results a framework for cost-effective protection ...
2013 Vianna et al. Vertical movements of grey reef shark
This study used acoustic telemetry to track the vertical movement patterns and site fidelity of grey reef sharks at aggregation sites in Palau over two years. The key findings were:
1) Sharks displayed strong inter-annual residency at monitored sites, with greater attendance in summer than winter months.
2) Mean depths increased from 35m in winter to 60m in spring, correlating with increases in water temperature at 60m. Sharks descended deeper and used a wider depth range around full moons.
3) There were crepuscular cycles in mean depth, with sharks moving into shallower waters at dawn and dusk daily.
4) Cyclical vertical movement patterns appeared to optimize energetic budgets
Conservation biology
The document provides an overview of conservation biology, including definitions and history. It discusses the meaning of conservation, the early history of conservation efforts dating back thousands of years, and milestones in the field such as the establishment of the first national park in the US in 1872. It also summarizes key topics within conservation biology like biological diversity, genetics, ecology, and periods of mass extinction.
Joshua Seidman Honors Thesis Rough Draft 2.4 enm
- The document summarizes a study that used environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis to assess the biodiversity of restored bivalve populations at two sites in New York City - Soundview Park and Freshkills Park.
- eDNA was extracted from water and sediment samples to identify eukaryotic organisms without directly observing them. This allows for a more efficient biodiversity analysis compared to traditional methods.
- The study aims to compare biodiversity between restored areas with bivalves and control sites without bivalves to evaluate the impact of restoration efforts. Preliminary results from Soundview Park found over 270 eukaryotic orders present based on eDNA sequencing.
Spatial Mapping: Diversity and Distribution of Demersal Fish in the Southern ...
Spatial Mapping: Diversity and Distribution of Demersal Fish in the Southern ...robert peranginangin
In the future, fisheries management must not be based on biomass measure only, but must use an integrated ecosystem approach. This study was aimed to discover the species diversity level of demersal fish resources in spatial distribution and its relation to the environment. The study was conducted in May and June 2015 by operating a trawl in the assigned stations. The spatial distribution was based on the Bray-Curtis index which divided the distribution of demersal fish resources into three clusters. Inshore sites of Kalimantan’s western waters (KLBR) was dominated by Leognathidae, inshore sites of the eastern of Riau Islands waters (KPRI) was dominated by Lutjanidae, and offshore sites of the southern of South China Sea (SSCS) was dominated by Nemipteridae. Offshore sites of the southern of South China Sea (SSCS) had a much better community stability level than that of inshore sites of Kalimantan’s western waters (KLBR) and inshore sites of the eastern of Riau Islands waters (KPRI). This study also demonstrated that environmental factors such as depth, sediment type, salinity, and temperature, affect the distribution and species diversity of demersal fish communities in the southern of South China Sea.One Fish, Two Fish, Blue Crab, Pompano- An Analysis of Marine and Estuarine S...
This document analyzes marine and estuarine species sampled along South Carolina's Atlantic coast. Samples were collected from three locations at Hunting Island State Park using fyke and seine nets between August 8-14, 2016. A variety of fish and crab species were identified. Catch per unit effort (CPUE) was calculated for each net deployment to analyze sampling effectiveness. The six most commonly caught species were identified for each sample location.
Flats Ecology Research Poster
This study examined abiotic and biotic factors in mangrove creeks on Eleuthera, Bahamas to determine ideal nursery habitats for inclusion in marine protected areas. Fish abundance and diversity were used to assess nursery quality. Larger creek mouth widths correlated with higher fish diversity but lower abundance, possibly due to increased predation. Contrary to hypotheses, prop root density did not affect nursery quality. All creeks provided similar nursery functions due to limited disturbances. Protecting these critical habitats is important for sustaining fish populations.
Interactions and space-use overlap between satellite-tracked blue sharks and ...
This study used satellite tracking of blue sharks and vessel monitoring data from longline fishing boats to analyze interactions between the two in the northeast Atlantic Ocean. 32 blue sharks were tagged with satellite transmitters and their movements were mapped. 103 longline fishing boats were also tracked over several years. The results showed spatial and temporal overlap between some of the sharks and fishing locations. Specifically, 5 of the 17 successfully tracked sharks spent at least one day in areas with longline fishing activity, with one shark spending up to 3 days in risky areas. Two sharks were actually caught by surface longlines during the study. This analysis provides insights into how pelagic fishing fleets and shark distributions interact that could inform management strategies to reduce bycatch.
FAITH.WARREN.BIOASSESSMENTPAPER.4.21.14
1) The study assessed the ecosystem services of the Southern Llano River in Texas by examining fish, invertebrate, and habitat characteristics.
2) A variety of sampling methods found 17 fish species present, with blacktail shiner and Guadalupe bass being most abundant. Invertebrate sampling identified several orders including mayflies and dragonflies.
3) Habitat measurements showed riparian vegetation ranging from 30-100% cover and suitable water quality parameters.
Similar to MSc thesis (20)
Diversity and dispersion patterns of echinoderms in Babanlagan, Talisayan, Mi...
Diversity and dispersion patterns of echinoderms in Babanlagan, Talisayan, Mi...
Research Proposal - Are the Adélie penguin, Pygoscelis adeliae, populations w...
Research Proposal - Are the Adélie penguin, Pygoscelis adeliae, populations w...
Trends in Macrophyte Diversity in Anthropogenic Perturbed Lentic Ecosystems w...
Trends in Macrophyte Diversity in Anthropogenic Perturbed Lentic Ecosystems w...
Temporal Variation in the Epiphytes of Laurencia obtusa and Cystoseira myrica...
Temporal Variation in the Epiphytes of Laurencia obtusa and Cystoseira myrica...
Using Satellite Tracking to Optimize Protection of Long-Live.docx
Using Satellite Tracking to Optimize Protection of Long-Live.docx
2013 Vianna et al. Vertical movements of grey reef shark
2013 Vianna et al. Vertical movements of grey reef shark
Spatial Mapping: Diversity and Distribution of Demersal Fish in the Southern ...
Spatial Mapping: Diversity and Distribution of Demersal Fish in the Southern ...
One Fish, Two Fish, Blue Crab, Pompano- An Analysis of Marine and Estuarine S...
One Fish, Two Fish, Blue Crab, Pompano- An Analysis of Marine and Estuarine S...
Interactions and space-use overlap between satellite-tracked blue sharks and ...
Interactions and space-use overlap between satellite-tracked blue sharks and ...
MSc thesis
- 1. Zoogeography of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) on the Aegean Islands, Greece The myrmecofauna of Greece is one of the most diverse in the Mediterranean area, but little is known about its distribution across the many islands of the Greek archipelago. Recent work on the ant fauna of Greece has provided a general taxonomic framework useful for exploring ant biodiversity, and more general biogeographic work useful for providing a baseline to understanding the distribution of species in general across the Aegean Islands. I carried out a survey of the distribution of ants across these islands, based on specimens collected in pitfall traps at 57 stations across 3 main islands, and covering a range of habitats. These have allowed me to simultaneously examine the island biogeographical principles underlying ant distribution, and how these are modified by anthropogenic disturbance, which varies across the islands. My results propose the mid-Aegean sea barrier, established by vicariant events at the end of the Messinian salinity crisis (5.3 Ma), as the main driver of ant community composition, as there is a major difference in ant communities between the western Cyclades and the eastern Dodecanese island groups. The generic composition was not, however, found to follow the expected transitional gradient (European genera dominating the western islands and Asian genera the eastern ones), suggesting alteration of the ants’ distribution by human-facilitated dispersal. Each island was examined for correlates of ant diversity and consistency across the sampling periods: human disturbance was found significant in all three islands, where ant assemblages increase their diversity with mild disturbance but become degraded when the pressure increases. In addition, stations inside protected areas by the Natura 2000 conservation scheme were examined for the protection measures’ efficiency and exhibited the same pattern of low diversity indices on all islands. Habitat fragmentation due to various human activities was suggested to be a degradation component in the protected sites, 8 years after the initiation of the conservation program. Further identification of the ants on a species level is suggested to better define the compositional convergence and divergence. Resampling of the stations is also required for an evaluation of ongoing Conservation efforts in the area.