The document discusses the importance of chemistry in everyday life. It covers topics like the history of chemistry as a science, how chemistry impacts society, and how chemistry benefits our well-being. Key points include that chemistry allows for advances in medicine, provides many everyday products, and is relevant to fields like cooking, manufacturing, and environmental processes. The document also discusses the extraction of natural products from plants and how plants themselves have contributed to the study and practice of chemistry.
Producers, such as plants, are organisms that can make their own food using photosynthesis. Through photosynthesis, plants use sunlight, carbon dioxide, water, and nutrients from the soil to produce their own food in the form of oxygen and glucose. Many other organisms, like cows, goats, and even humans, cannot produce their own food and rely on producers as the base of the food chain.
Producers, such as plants, are organisms that can make their own food using photosynthesis. Photosynthesis requires sunlight, carbon dioxide, water, and nutrients from soil. During photosynthesis, plants use these materials to produce oxygen and food. Many other organisms cannot produce their own food and rely on producers as the first link in the food chain. Producers are essential to all other organisms for converting sunlight into energy and oxygen through photosynthesis.
Extremophiles are microorganisms that thrive in extreme environments such as high temperatures, acidic or alkaline conditions, and high salt concentrations. They have unique enzymes that allow them to survive in these harsh conditions. These enzymes, called extremozymes, have potential applications in industries like food production and manufacturing that require enzymes to function under extreme conditions. For example, thermophilic bacteria provide heat-resistant enzymes for processes like PCR that use high temperatures. Extremophiles may also help scientists understand how life could exist in extreme environments on other planets.
Extremophiles are microorganisms that thrive in extreme environments such as high temperatures, acidic or alkaline conditions, and high salt concentrations. They have unique enzymes that allow them to survive in these harsh conditions. These enzymes, called extremozymes, have potential applications in industries like food production and manufacturing that require enzymes to function under extreme conditions. For example, thermophilic bacteria provide heat-resistant enzymes for processes like PCR that use high temperatures. Extremophiles may also help scientists understand how life could exist in other extreme environments like those found on other planets.
Plant physiology is the study of how plants function at the cellular and biochemical levels and how they respond to environmental factors. It combines knowledge of plant structure, energy sources, water and nutrient uptake, responses to light, temperature, and stresses. It relies on plant biology, anatomy, ecology, cell biology, chemistry, biochemistry, and molecular biology. Understanding plant physiology has led to advances in agriculture, forestry, pharmacology, and more through improving photosynthesis, tissue culture techniques, irrigation, weed control, nutrition, and use of growth regulators.
Zen & The Art of Mushroom Cultivation - 2022Jesse Noller
This document provides an overview of Zen principles and mycology from a presentation by Jesse Noller of The Humble Fungus. It discusses key Zen concepts like beginner's mind and impermanence. It then covers fungal biology facts, cultivation techniques like agar recipes and grain spawn preparation, and principles of fruiting like using simple fruiting chambers. The overall message is that fungi should be cultivated following natural principles through science-based and data-driven methods.
Organic food is produced without the use of chemical pesticides, fertilizers, or genetically modified organisms. It is produced using methods that preserve biodiversity and avoid pollution of water sources. Some benefits of organic food include the absence of harmful chemical residues, enhanced antioxidant properties, and support of animal welfare and soil health. While organic food has been produced for centuries, modern certification standards help consumers identify fully organic products in the marketplace.
Producers, such as plants, are organisms that can make their own food using photosynthesis. Through photosynthesis, plants use sunlight, carbon dioxide, water, and nutrients from the soil to produce their own food in the form of oxygen and glucose. Many other organisms, like cows, goats, and even humans, cannot produce their own food and rely on producers as the base of the food chain.
Producers, such as plants, are organisms that can make their own food using photosynthesis. Photosynthesis requires sunlight, carbon dioxide, water, and nutrients from soil. During photosynthesis, plants use these materials to produce oxygen and food. Many other organisms cannot produce their own food and rely on producers as the first link in the food chain. Producers are essential to all other organisms for converting sunlight into energy and oxygen through photosynthesis.
Extremophiles are microorganisms that thrive in extreme environments such as high temperatures, acidic or alkaline conditions, and high salt concentrations. They have unique enzymes that allow them to survive in these harsh conditions. These enzymes, called extremozymes, have potential applications in industries like food production and manufacturing that require enzymes to function under extreme conditions. For example, thermophilic bacteria provide heat-resistant enzymes for processes like PCR that use high temperatures. Extremophiles may also help scientists understand how life could exist in extreme environments on other planets.
Extremophiles are microorganisms that thrive in extreme environments such as high temperatures, acidic or alkaline conditions, and high salt concentrations. They have unique enzymes that allow them to survive in these harsh conditions. These enzymes, called extremozymes, have potential applications in industries like food production and manufacturing that require enzymes to function under extreme conditions. For example, thermophilic bacteria provide heat-resistant enzymes for processes like PCR that use high temperatures. Extremophiles may also help scientists understand how life could exist in other extreme environments like those found on other planets.
Plant physiology is the study of how plants function at the cellular and biochemical levels and how they respond to environmental factors. It combines knowledge of plant structure, energy sources, water and nutrient uptake, responses to light, temperature, and stresses. It relies on plant biology, anatomy, ecology, cell biology, chemistry, biochemistry, and molecular biology. Understanding plant physiology has led to advances in agriculture, forestry, pharmacology, and more through improving photosynthesis, tissue culture techniques, irrigation, weed control, nutrition, and use of growth regulators.
Zen & The Art of Mushroom Cultivation - 2022Jesse Noller
This document provides an overview of Zen principles and mycology from a presentation by Jesse Noller of The Humble Fungus. It discusses key Zen concepts like beginner's mind and impermanence. It then covers fungal biology facts, cultivation techniques like agar recipes and grain spawn preparation, and principles of fruiting like using simple fruiting chambers. The overall message is that fungi should be cultivated following natural principles through science-based and data-driven methods.
Organic food is produced without the use of chemical pesticides, fertilizers, or genetically modified organisms. It is produced using methods that preserve biodiversity and avoid pollution of water sources. Some benefits of organic food include the absence of harmful chemical residues, enhanced antioxidant properties, and support of animal welfare and soil health. While organic food has been produced for centuries, modern certification standards help consumers identify fully organic products in the marketplace.
This document discusses isoprenoids, which are organic compounds composed of two or more units of hydrocarbons with each unit consisting of five carbon atoms arranged in a specific pattern. Isoprenoids are found naturally in plants and animals and have a variety of functions including pigments, vitamins, hormones, and commercial products. They are classified based on the number of isoprene units, with monoterpenes containing two units and polyterpenes containing many units. Isoprenoids are synthesized via both the mevalonate and non-mevalonate pathways, which produce the universal building block isopentenyl diphosphate. Key isoprenoids and their uses are discussed, along with
Copy of 006 Chemistry In Everyday Life Powerpoint Templates - MyFreeSlides.co...siddeshmankar1
This document provides an overview of chemistry and its applications in daily life. It discusses how chemistry is involved in many everyday products from food to clothing to construction materials. It profiles three important scientists - Louis Pasteur, Henry Cavendish, and Daniel Rutherford - and their discoveries relating to diseases, hydrogen, and nitrogen. Finally, it outlines several specific examples of how chemistry is used in food processing, cosmetics, textiles, construction, polymers, soaps/detergents, pesticides/fertilizers, and medicine.
1) Kolokotronis Olive Groves produces high quality olive oil using organic and biodynamic farming methods including extensive use of zeolite and active microorganisms.
2) Their cultivation techniques aim to recreate the environment and quality of olive oil produced in ancient times prior to industrial agriculture.
3) Their olive oil is bottled in limited production, numbered bottles and contains high levels of antioxidants providing various health benefits.
Histosol - eliminates odours and digests solids.
Application potentials:
l Portable Toilets.
l Abattoirs.
l Meat and Seafood Processing Plants.
l Mushroom Canneries.
l Vegetable Farms and Processing Plants.
l Restaurants.
l Paper pulp plants and paper mills.
l Wastewater Treatment Plants.
l Livestock Farms.
l Rock Quarries.
l Fruit Juice Factories.
l Bakeries.
l Grease Traps and Septic Tanks.
l Cheese Factories.
Historical developments, microorganisms important in food bacteria Deepika Rana
Bacteria play an important historical and ongoing role in food production and spoilage. The document outlines the early developments in food preservation dating back to the 18th century and key events related to food spoilage and foodborne illness. It then provides details on common foodborne bacteria including their morphological and cultural characteristics as well as their importance in foods like sauerkraut, pickles, olives, chocolate and more. Various lactic acid bacteria and other microorganisms are used in the fermentation processes of many traditional and commercial food products.
Plant physiology is the study of how plants function at the cellular and biochemical levels and respond to their environment. It examines plant metabolism, growth, transport, water relations, and responses to stresses and environmental factors. Plant physiology relies on biology, chemistry, and physics and serves as the foundation for advances in agriculture, forestry, pharmacology, and other fields. Understanding plant physiology allows for improvements like increasing photosynthetic efficiency, producing disease-resistant crops through tissue culture, and optimizing plant nutrition and growth through techniques like pruning, irrigation, and growth regulators.
The document discusses the many food additives, chemicals, pesticides, and genetic modifications present in our food system. It notes that the average person consumes around 200 pounds of food additives per year through processed foods. It raises questions about whether animals should be injected with hormones, whether genetically modified foods are safe, and the effects of the over 1 billion tons of pesticides used in the US each year. The document encourages readers to consider what they are putting into their bodies through the modern industrial food system.
Crop production and management involves growing crops according to their season. The basic practices include preparing soil, sowing seeds, applying fertilizers and manure, irrigating, weeding, harvesting, threshing, and storing crops. Microorganisms are classified into bacteria, fungi, protozoa, algae, and viruses. They are important in food production, medicine production, increasing soil fertility, and cleaning the environment, but some can cause diseases. Deforestation causes problems like increased carbon dioxide and global warming.
Chemistry is present in many aspects of everyday life. Some examples provided in the document include soaps, water, oils, foods, air, and literally every object that can be seen or touched. Soaps are made through a chemical reaction between alkali and fatty acids. Water is a chemical compound made of hydrogen and oxygen that exists in different physical states. Oils come from various sources and are used for things like food, fuel, and manufacturing materials. The document emphasizes that chemistry helps us understand the composition, structure, and changes of all matters in the world around us and underlies many everyday phenomena and products we encounter.
Chemistry is important because it helps us understand the composition and structure of matter. Our bodies and all matter are made up of chemicals. Many processes in our bodies like digestion involve chemical reactions. Chemistry is also important for developing medicines and treatments, understanding nutrition, and addressing environmental issues. It explains processes like cooking, cleaning, and how substances can help or harm us. Overall, chemistry underlies many aspects of everyday life, healthcare, agriculture, and industry.
This document provides an overview of food science and the five basic tastes detected by the human tongue: salty, sweet, bitter, sour, and umami. It discusses the four basic food types - carbohydrates, fats, proteins, and alcohol - and how each provides calories. Key aspects of food science covered include the digestive system, flavors, MSG, and molecular gastronomy.
Lipases are enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of triglycerides. They are produced by many plants, animals, and microorganisms. Fungal sources of lipases include Aspergillus oryzae, Candida antarctica, Rhizopus, and Thermomyces lanuginosus. Lipases have a catalytic mechanism where serine performs a nucleophilic attack on the ester bond, forming an acyl-enzyme intermediate and releasing an alcohol. A second nucleophilic attack by water then hydrolyzes the intermediate. Lipases have many industrial uses including in foods, dairy, detergents, biodiesel production, and pharmaceuticals due to their ability to function under
The document discusses the use of enzymes in various industries. It begins with an introduction to enzymes and biotechnology. Enzymes are proteins that act as biological catalysts and are used in pharmaceuticals to produce medicines like insulin through genetic engineering. They are also used in biofuels to break down cellulose into sugars for fermentation. In paper and pulp, enzymes degrade starch and lignin. In brewing, enzymes from barley are released to degrade starch and proteins during beer production. Overall, the document explains how enzymes are vital components in biotechnology and are used across many industries.
This document discusses the biochemical effects of toxic chemicals. It begins by defining toxicity as the potential of a chemical to induce adverse effects in living organisms. There are generally three types of toxic entities: chemical, biological, and physical. Chemical toxicants include inorganic substances like mercury and lead as well as organic compounds. Biological toxicants are pathogens that can cause disease, while physical toxicants interfere with biological processes through their physical nature. The document then discusses various sources of toxic chemicals like chlorine, plastic chemicals, pesticides, and exhaust fumes. It also outlines the main routes toxic chemicals can enter the body through the respiratory, digestive, and integumentary systems. Specific toxic effects of mercury are then examined, how it enters the
This case study examines using sugar beet cultivation and processing to produce bioplastics. Sugar beets are grown and processed to extract their sugar content as beet juice. This juice is fermented using microorganisms, which produce polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) polymers as a byproduct. The PHA is purified, polymerized, and processed to create bioplastic materials as a sustainable alternative to petroleum-based plastics. The process has the advantages of reducing plastic waste and boosting local economies, though it also has disadvantages related to pesticide and fertilizer use during sugar beet cultivation.
BASIC Environment bioremediation BY TANZEEL REHMANtanzeel Rehman
The document discusses bioremediation and wastewater treatment technology. It defines various types of pollution including air, water, and land pollution. It then discusses bioremediation as a process using organisms or enzymes to return a polluted environment to its original condition. The document outlines factors for effective microbial bioremediation including isolation of microorganisms, identification, and optimization of degradation conditions. Phytoremediation using plants to remediate pollution is also summarized.
The document discusses the benefits of organic food over conventionally grown food. It notes that organic food is free from chemicals and pesticides, which are neurotoxic and more harmful to children. Organic food also contains higher levels of vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants. Choosing organic food supports biodiversity and is better for both human and environmental health compared to conventional agriculture which relies heavily on harmful chemicals.
The document discusses the Hokey-Pokey Mineral Program and the importance of minerals for health. It notes that modern agricultural practices have depleted minerals from soils and that we consume only 30% of mineral levels from 1930. The program aims to put the right minerals back in soils, plants, and humans, and get toxins out. It provides examples of how mineral-rich soils can improve crop yields and animal health compared to commercial fertilizers. The overall message is that restoring mineral-rich, toxin-free environments through regenerative agriculture and positive eating can support health.
This document discusses isoprenoids, which are organic compounds composed of two or more units of hydrocarbons with each unit consisting of five carbon atoms arranged in a specific pattern. Isoprenoids are found naturally in plants and animals and have a variety of functions including pigments, vitamins, hormones, and commercial products. They are classified based on the number of isoprene units, with monoterpenes containing two units and polyterpenes containing many units. Isoprenoids are synthesized via both the mevalonate and non-mevalonate pathways, which produce the universal building block isopentenyl diphosphate. Key isoprenoids and their uses are discussed, along with
Copy of 006 Chemistry In Everyday Life Powerpoint Templates - MyFreeSlides.co...siddeshmankar1
This document provides an overview of chemistry and its applications in daily life. It discusses how chemistry is involved in many everyday products from food to clothing to construction materials. It profiles three important scientists - Louis Pasteur, Henry Cavendish, and Daniel Rutherford - and their discoveries relating to diseases, hydrogen, and nitrogen. Finally, it outlines several specific examples of how chemistry is used in food processing, cosmetics, textiles, construction, polymers, soaps/detergents, pesticides/fertilizers, and medicine.
1) Kolokotronis Olive Groves produces high quality olive oil using organic and biodynamic farming methods including extensive use of zeolite and active microorganisms.
2) Their cultivation techniques aim to recreate the environment and quality of olive oil produced in ancient times prior to industrial agriculture.
3) Their olive oil is bottled in limited production, numbered bottles and contains high levels of antioxidants providing various health benefits.
Histosol - eliminates odours and digests solids.
Application potentials:
l Portable Toilets.
l Abattoirs.
l Meat and Seafood Processing Plants.
l Mushroom Canneries.
l Vegetable Farms and Processing Plants.
l Restaurants.
l Paper pulp plants and paper mills.
l Wastewater Treatment Plants.
l Livestock Farms.
l Rock Quarries.
l Fruit Juice Factories.
l Bakeries.
l Grease Traps and Septic Tanks.
l Cheese Factories.
Historical developments, microorganisms important in food bacteria Deepika Rana
Bacteria play an important historical and ongoing role in food production and spoilage. The document outlines the early developments in food preservation dating back to the 18th century and key events related to food spoilage and foodborne illness. It then provides details on common foodborne bacteria including their morphological and cultural characteristics as well as their importance in foods like sauerkraut, pickles, olives, chocolate and more. Various lactic acid bacteria and other microorganisms are used in the fermentation processes of many traditional and commercial food products.
Plant physiology is the study of how plants function at the cellular and biochemical levels and respond to their environment. It examines plant metabolism, growth, transport, water relations, and responses to stresses and environmental factors. Plant physiology relies on biology, chemistry, and physics and serves as the foundation for advances in agriculture, forestry, pharmacology, and other fields. Understanding plant physiology allows for improvements like increasing photosynthetic efficiency, producing disease-resistant crops through tissue culture, and optimizing plant nutrition and growth through techniques like pruning, irrigation, and growth regulators.
The document discusses the many food additives, chemicals, pesticides, and genetic modifications present in our food system. It notes that the average person consumes around 200 pounds of food additives per year through processed foods. It raises questions about whether animals should be injected with hormones, whether genetically modified foods are safe, and the effects of the over 1 billion tons of pesticides used in the US each year. The document encourages readers to consider what they are putting into their bodies through the modern industrial food system.
Crop production and management involves growing crops according to their season. The basic practices include preparing soil, sowing seeds, applying fertilizers and manure, irrigating, weeding, harvesting, threshing, and storing crops. Microorganisms are classified into bacteria, fungi, protozoa, algae, and viruses. They are important in food production, medicine production, increasing soil fertility, and cleaning the environment, but some can cause diseases. Deforestation causes problems like increased carbon dioxide and global warming.
Chemistry is present in many aspects of everyday life. Some examples provided in the document include soaps, water, oils, foods, air, and literally every object that can be seen or touched. Soaps are made through a chemical reaction between alkali and fatty acids. Water is a chemical compound made of hydrogen and oxygen that exists in different physical states. Oils come from various sources and are used for things like food, fuel, and manufacturing materials. The document emphasizes that chemistry helps us understand the composition, structure, and changes of all matters in the world around us and underlies many everyday phenomena and products we encounter.
Chemistry is important because it helps us understand the composition and structure of matter. Our bodies and all matter are made up of chemicals. Many processes in our bodies like digestion involve chemical reactions. Chemistry is also important for developing medicines and treatments, understanding nutrition, and addressing environmental issues. It explains processes like cooking, cleaning, and how substances can help or harm us. Overall, chemistry underlies many aspects of everyday life, healthcare, agriculture, and industry.
This document provides an overview of food science and the five basic tastes detected by the human tongue: salty, sweet, bitter, sour, and umami. It discusses the four basic food types - carbohydrates, fats, proteins, and alcohol - and how each provides calories. Key aspects of food science covered include the digestive system, flavors, MSG, and molecular gastronomy.
Lipases are enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of triglycerides. They are produced by many plants, animals, and microorganisms. Fungal sources of lipases include Aspergillus oryzae, Candida antarctica, Rhizopus, and Thermomyces lanuginosus. Lipases have a catalytic mechanism where serine performs a nucleophilic attack on the ester bond, forming an acyl-enzyme intermediate and releasing an alcohol. A second nucleophilic attack by water then hydrolyzes the intermediate. Lipases have many industrial uses including in foods, dairy, detergents, biodiesel production, and pharmaceuticals due to their ability to function under
The document discusses the use of enzymes in various industries. It begins with an introduction to enzymes and biotechnology. Enzymes are proteins that act as biological catalysts and are used in pharmaceuticals to produce medicines like insulin through genetic engineering. They are also used in biofuels to break down cellulose into sugars for fermentation. In paper and pulp, enzymes degrade starch and lignin. In brewing, enzymes from barley are released to degrade starch and proteins during beer production. Overall, the document explains how enzymes are vital components in biotechnology and are used across many industries.
This document discusses the biochemical effects of toxic chemicals. It begins by defining toxicity as the potential of a chemical to induce adverse effects in living organisms. There are generally three types of toxic entities: chemical, biological, and physical. Chemical toxicants include inorganic substances like mercury and lead as well as organic compounds. Biological toxicants are pathogens that can cause disease, while physical toxicants interfere with biological processes through their physical nature. The document then discusses various sources of toxic chemicals like chlorine, plastic chemicals, pesticides, and exhaust fumes. It also outlines the main routes toxic chemicals can enter the body through the respiratory, digestive, and integumentary systems. Specific toxic effects of mercury are then examined, how it enters the
This case study examines using sugar beet cultivation and processing to produce bioplastics. Sugar beets are grown and processed to extract their sugar content as beet juice. This juice is fermented using microorganisms, which produce polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) polymers as a byproduct. The PHA is purified, polymerized, and processed to create bioplastic materials as a sustainable alternative to petroleum-based plastics. The process has the advantages of reducing plastic waste and boosting local economies, though it also has disadvantages related to pesticide and fertilizer use during sugar beet cultivation.
BASIC Environment bioremediation BY TANZEEL REHMANtanzeel Rehman
The document discusses bioremediation and wastewater treatment technology. It defines various types of pollution including air, water, and land pollution. It then discusses bioremediation as a process using organisms or enzymes to return a polluted environment to its original condition. The document outlines factors for effective microbial bioremediation including isolation of microorganisms, identification, and optimization of degradation conditions. Phytoremediation using plants to remediate pollution is also summarized.
The document discusses the benefits of organic food over conventionally grown food. It notes that organic food is free from chemicals and pesticides, which are neurotoxic and more harmful to children. Organic food also contains higher levels of vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants. Choosing organic food supports biodiversity and is better for both human and environmental health compared to conventional agriculture which relies heavily on harmful chemicals.
The document discusses the Hokey-Pokey Mineral Program and the importance of minerals for health. It notes that modern agricultural practices have depleted minerals from soils and that we consume only 30% of mineral levels from 1930. The program aims to put the right minerals back in soils, plants, and humans, and get toxins out. It provides examples of how mineral-rich soils can improve crop yields and animal health compared to commercial fertilizers. The overall message is that restoring mineral-rich, toxin-free environments through regenerative agriculture and positive eating can support health.
Similar to 1.2 Class cop ONLINE Learning Chemistry from Plants Supple Chapter 2.pptx (20)
CapTechTalks Webinar Slides June 2024 Donovan Wright.pptxCapitolTechU
Slides from a Capitol Technology University webinar held June 20, 2024. The webinar featured Dr. Donovan Wright, presenting on the Department of Defense Digital Transformation.
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إضغ بين إيديكم من أقوى الملازم التي صممتها
ملزمة تشريح الجهاز الهيكلي (نظري 3)
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تتميز هذهِ الملزمة بعِدة مُميزات :
1- مُترجمة ترجمة تُناسب جميع المستويات
2- تحتوي على 78 رسم توضيحي لكل كلمة موجودة بالملزمة (لكل كلمة !!!!)
#فهم_ماكو_درخ
3- دقة الكتابة والصور عالية جداً جداً جداً
4- هُنالك بعض المعلومات تم توضيحها بشكل تفصيلي جداً (تُعتبر لدى الطالب أو الطالبة بإنها معلومات مُبهمة ومع ذلك تم توضيح هذهِ المعلومات المُبهمة بشكل تفصيلي جداً
5- الملزمة تشرح نفسها ب نفسها بس تكلك تعال اقراني
6- تحتوي الملزمة في اول سلايد على خارطة تتضمن جميع تفرُعات معلومات الجهاز الهيكلي المذكورة في هذهِ الملزمة
واخيراً هذهِ الملزمة حلالٌ عليكم وإتمنى منكم إن تدعولي بالخير والصحة والعافية فقط
كل التوفيق زملائي وزميلاتي ، زميلكم محمد الذهبي 💊💊
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Creative Restart 2024: Mike Martin - Finding a way around “no”Taste
Ideas that are good for business and good for the world that we live in, are what I’m passionate about.
Some ideas take a year to make, some take 8 years. I want to share two projects that best illustrate this and why it is never good to stop at “no”.
THE SACRIFICE HOW PRO-PALESTINE PROTESTS STUDENTS ARE SACRIFICING TO CHANGE T...indexPub
The recent surge in pro-Palestine student activism has prompted significant responses from universities, ranging from negotiations and divestment commitments to increased transparency about investments in companies supporting the war on Gaza. This activism has led to the cessation of student encampments but also highlighted the substantial sacrifices made by students, including academic disruptions and personal risks. The primary drivers of these protests are poor university administration, lack of transparency, and inadequate communication between officials and students. This study examines the profound emotional, psychological, and professional impacts on students engaged in pro-Palestine protests, focusing on Generation Z's (Gen-Z) activism dynamics. This paper explores the significant sacrifices made by these students and even the professors supporting the pro-Palestine movement, with a focus on recent global movements. Through an in-depth analysis of printed and electronic media, the study examines the impacts of these sacrifices on the academic and personal lives of those involved. The paper highlights examples from various universities, demonstrating student activism's long-term and short-term effects, including disciplinary actions, social backlash, and career implications. The researchers also explore the broader implications of student sacrifices. The findings reveal that these sacrifices are driven by a profound commitment to justice and human rights, and are influenced by the increasing availability of information, peer interactions, and personal convictions. The study also discusses the broader implications of this activism, comparing it to historical precedents and assessing its potential to influence policy and public opinion. The emotional and psychological toll on student activists is significant, but their sense of purpose and community support mitigates some of these challenges. However, the researchers call for acknowledging the broader Impact of these sacrifices on the future global movement of FreePalestine.
A Visual Guide to 1 Samuel | A Tale of Two HeartsSteve Thomason
These slides walk through the story of 1 Samuel. Samuel is the last judge of Israel. The people reject God and want a king. Saul is anointed as the first king, but he is not a good king. David, the shepherd boy is anointed and Saul is envious of him. David shows honor while Saul continues to self destruct.
3. AlbertRoyCopyNotAllowedToRecopyWithoutPermission
Alchemy/Alchemists
Sulphuric acid and Nitric Acid
(Two substances that they discovered)
Mercury, Silver, Gold, and Carbon few elements
during late 1600s.
Phosphorus is the first elements discovered after
1600.
Chemists have discovered 118 different elements
some are very common like Oxygen, many are very
rare and expensive like Platinum and some cannot
be found on earth and can only be made in labs
like Rutherfordium.
Chemistry as a Science
4. AlbertRoyCopyNotAllowedToRecopyWithoutPermission
Chemistry is a broad scientific field, and its
relevance is seen in almost every aspect of
society including Medicine, Cooking,
Environmental Processes, Cleaning and
Manufacturing Goods.
Chemistry is vital for the study and
development of medicine as it allows us to find
out how illness and diseases can be cured with
minimal effects on the patient.
Chemistry can help us to prevent pain and live
longer, happier, and healthier lives.
Chemistry and Society
5. AlbertRoyCopyNotAllowedToRecopyWithoutPermission
Chemistry is a broad scientific field, and its
relevance is seen in almost every aspect of
society including Medicine, Cooking,
Environmental Processes, Cleaning and
Manufacturing Goods.
Chemistry is vital for the study and
development of medicine as it allows us to find
out how illness and diseases can be cured with
minimal effects on the patient.
Chemistry can help us to prevent pain and live
longer, happier, and healthier lives.
Chemistry and Society
6. AlbertRoyCopyNotAllowedToRecopyWithoutPermission
Chemistry deals with the way substances
interact. The end products of chemical research
provide the comforts of life, the fabrics for
clothes, the motive power travel, and foods to
live on.
Chemistry is everywhere. It is important to
know it and to sustain life on earth
peacefully.
Chemistry for our well being
7. AlbertRoyCopyNotAllowedToRecopyWithoutPermission
Compared with other subjects, Chemistry
is commonly believed to be more difficult,
at least at the introductory level. There are
some reason for this kind of impression; for
one thing, chemistry has a very specialized
vocabulary.
(Ionization, Equilibrium, Catalyst or Chain
Reaction)
The Study of Chemistry
8. AlbertRoyCopyNotAllowedToRecopyWithoutPermission
If you cook, then you are a practicing
chemist! From experience gained in the
kitchen, you know that oil and water do
not mix and that boiling water left on the
stove will evaporate.
You apply chemical and physical principles
when you use baking soda to make the
bread rise.
The Study of Chemistry
12. AlbertRoyCopyNotAllowedToRecopyWithoutPermission
Importance of Plants
Plants make oxygen
One of the materials that plants produce as they
make food is oxygen gas. This oxygen, which is an
important part of the air, is the gas that plants
and animals must have in order to stay alive.
13. AlbertRoyCopyNotAllowedToRecopyWithoutPermission
Importance of Plants
Plants make food
Plants are the only organisms that can convert
light energy from the sun into food.
Plants produce ALL of the food that animals,
including people eats.
The animals that give us meat, such as chickens
and cows, eat grass, oats, corns, or some other
plants.
14. AlbertRoyCopyNotAllowedToRecopyWithoutPermission
Importance of Plants
Plants provide useful products for people
Many plants are important sources of products that
people use, including food, fibers (for clothes) and
medicines.
Plants also help provide some of our energy needs. In
some parts of the world, wood is the primary fuel used
by people to cook their meal and heat their homes.
Many of the other types of fuel we use today, such
as coal, natural gas, and gasoline were made from
plants that buried millions of years ago.
15. AlbertRoyCopyNotAllowedToRecopyWithoutPermission
Plants Are Used for Natural Products
It is from plants that you get natural
products that includes cork, amber,
alkaloids, resins or gums, latex, tannins,
waxes, pigments, natural dyes, essential
oils and fibers.
27. AlbertRoyCopyNotAllowedToRecopyWithoutPermission
Medicinal plants and Pharmaceutical drug
A medicinal plant is a plant that has similar
properties as conventional pharmaceutical
drugs. Humans have used them throughout
history to either cure or lessen symptoms from
an illness.
A pharmaceutical drug is a drug that is
produced in a laboratory to cure or help an
illness.
34. AlbertRoyCopyNotAllowedToRecopyWithoutPermission
Plants Oil
You can probably find most of the following
at a well-stocked supermarket and health
food store:
Almond oil, avocado seed oil, cocoa butter,
coconut oil, corn oil, cottonseed oil, flax seed oil,
grape seed oil, hemp oil, olive oil, palm kernel oil,
peanut oil, pumpkin seed oil, rice bran oil,
safflower seed oil, sesame seed oil, sunflower
seed oil, soybean oil, and walnut oil.
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Types of Plants Oil
There are three primary types of plants oil,
different both the means of extracting the
relevant parts of the plants, both in the
nature of the resulting oil:
1. Vegetable fats and oils were historically
extracted by putting part of the plant
under pressure, squeezing out the oil.
Ex. Soybean, Sunflower oil and Corn oil.
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Types of Plants Oil
2. Macerated Oil consist of base oil to which
parts of plants are added.
Ex. Vegetable oil + Herb
3. Essential oil are composed of volatile
aromatic compounds, extracted from
plants by distillation.
Volatile aromatic compounds (It has a smell
or odor of a certain plants or flower extracted from
plants by distillation.)
Great Odor, Aroma, or Fragrance.
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Extraction Methods
Methods of plant oil extraction
Examples are the following list that are
currently employ around the world:
Distillation
Enfleurage
Expression
Florasols
Fractional Distillation
Maceration
RBD
Solvent Extraction
Supercritical CO2 extraction
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Distillation
Distillation converts the volatile liquid (the
essential oils) into a vapor and then condenses
back into a liquid.
It is the most popular and cost-effective
Extraction Method in use today.
However, due to use of heat in this method, it
may not be used on very fragile plant material,
because major therapeutic characteristics would
be adversely affected, or where the Method is
employed with great difficulty.
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Enfleurage
Enfleurage is an old method which was used in the production
of perfumes and pomade extracts for perfumery. Using a cold
fat, cold wax or warm oil as a base to extract the volatile
aromatic molecules, the flower petals
of the plant (rose, jasmine, neroli, violet and others) are layered
onto the base material between multiple stacks of glass sheets
within a wooden frame which are heated to facilitate infusion.
Used in the production of perfumes.
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Expression
These Methods utilize high
mechanical pressure to
squeeze oil from botanical
material. Most nut and seed
oils are extracted using one
of these methods. However,
some manufacturers refine
the resulting oil using
chemicals or high heat and,
thereby damage the oil's
therapeutic characteristics.
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Florasols
This kind of method of extraction used a gaseous
solvents for extraction of aromatics oils and
biologically-active components from botanical
materials. Developed in the late 1980's by Dr. Peter
Wilde, the Florasol R134 a solvent.
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Maceration
Similar to Enfleurage, maceration involves extracting the
volatile aromatic compounds using a vegetable oil.
Sometimes referred to as “infusion,” plant material is
bruised and soaked in the oil which is heated to
accelerate infusion of the oil with the volatile aromatic
compounds.
The final, saturated oil is then filtered to remove any
plant particulate matter. The resulting infused oil,
containing the therapeutic properties of both the
vegetable oil and the botanicals that were infused into
the oil, is used widely for massage in aromatherapy.
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Refine
Removing impurities or unwanted element to
improve the color or texture of oil. To get a
pure oil.
Bleached
Bleaching process are done to improve the color and
clarity of the oil. Bleaching is generally done by
passing the oil through Fuller's earth and then
filtering the oil.
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Solvent Extraction
Solvent extraction is an oil-extraction process using
organic solvents such as hexane, ethanol, petroleum
ether, or methanol and other type of solvent.
This method is fast and inexpensive but it produces a
non-pure oil and is, therefore, mostly used in mass-produced
perfumery. Also, due to the faster process and lower cost,
solvent extraction is also used to produce higher yields of
vegetable oils (including coconut, corn, grape seed, rice bran
and soybean oils) and sometimes for seed oils (including seeds,
nuts and kernels').
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Supercritical Carbon Dioxide
Extraction
Supercritical carbon dioxide (“CO2”) extraction combines
the best aspects of steam distillation and solvent
extraction.
It is a fluid state of carbon dioxide where it is held at or
above its critical temperature and critical pressure.
(CO2 put under high temperature of at least 72.9 atmospheric
pressure at a temperature as low as 31. 1 °C, the CO2 become
supercritical fluid that can be used to purify the aromatic plants to
get essential oil.)
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Khella
Also known as toothpick weed,
this Mediterranean herb
contains a chemical that opens
up blood vessels, improving
blood flow to the heart, and
opens the breathing tubes of the
lungs. The chemical has been
used in medicines to treat
asthma and angina (pain due to
heart problems).
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Madagascar Periwinkle
The Madagascar periwinkle is the
source of drugs used to treat
diabetes and certain cancers, such
as Hodgkin’s disease and acute
leukemia. The drug for treating
Hodgkin’s disease has increased
patients’ chances of survival from
one-in-five to nine-in-ten.
Hodgkin’s disease is a type of lymphoma (lymphoma is
a cancer of a part of the immune system.)
Acute leukemia is a type of cancer from blood.
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Quinine
The bark of this tropical tree
contains a drug called quinine.
Quinine is used in the prevention
and treatment of malaria, a deadly
disease carried by mosquitoes.
Malaria is responsible for thousands
of human deaths around the world
every year.
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Meadow Saffron
Rheumatism and Gout
Rheumatism a condition in which
muscles or joints are painful.
Gout a metabolic disease marked by a
painful inflammation of the joints,
deposits of urates in and around the
joints, and usually an excessive amount of
uric acid in the blood.
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Coca Plant
The coca plant grows naturally
in South America and is the
source of the drug cocaine.
Although cocaine can be
abused and is associated with
addiction, it has also been
used responsibly by doctors as
a local anesthetic and for pain
relief.
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Opium Poppy
Opium is a pain-killing drug
extracted from the unripe seed
pods of the opium poppy.
In 1806, a German scientist
isolated the drug morphine
from opium. Morphine and its
derivatives, such as heroin and
codeine, remain important
pain relievers.
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Meadowsweet
Arthritis is a disease that
causes swelling, stiffness, and
pain in a person's joints. Joints
are where two bones meet,
allowing our bodies to move
the hips, knees, ankles, elbows,
shoulders, knuckles, etc.
Joints contain synovial fluid,
which acts as a lubricant to help
them move easily.
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Rauvolfia
Rauvolfia is a small, woody plant
that grows in tropical rainforests.
It contains reserpine, a chemical
that effectively relieves snake
bites and scorpion stings.
Reserpine was the first
tranquillizer used to treat certain
mental illnesses. It also lowers
blood pressure.
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Tea is a perfectly simple way to access the
health benefits of herbs. The quiet ritual of
preparing and sipping a cup of tea is a
wonderfully relaxing and peaceful practice.
Much like coffee, tea contains a hugely wide
variety of chemical compounds, but some of the
most important in terms of its taste and
coloration are the polyphenols.
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Polyphenol: A kind of chemical that (at least in
theory) may protect against some common health
problems and possibly certain effects of aging.
Polyphenols act as antioxidants.
(They protect cells and body chemicals against damage
caused by free radicals) (reactive atoms that contribute
to tissue damage in the body.)
Polyphenols can also block the action of enzymes that
cancers need for growth and they can deactivate
substances that promote the growth of cancers.
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Two classes of polyphenols are tannins (found also in
wine) and flavonoids.
Tea is rich in flavonoids like catechins.
Flavonoids are most commonly known for their
antioxidant activity.
Catechins are a type of antioxidant found in
flavonoids.
Flavonoids are a class of polyphenols. These terms
are often used interchangeably when discussing the
health benefits of tea.
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To summarize the chemistry of tea, it's all about the
"Pac men" of chemistry, polyphenols, which eat away
free radicals.
The quinones which contribute to aroma.
Thearubigens which contribute both to the taste and
the color of tea.
The volatile oils in tea, which are elevated during processing,
also contribute to color and taste and are fragile; age or poor
storage conditions can greatly compromise these and make the
tea tasteless and faded in color. Tea is nearly calorie-free
and rich in antioxidants.