S4C Colloquium Aveiro 2016 https://scientistsforcyclingaveiro2016.wordpress.com/ University of Aveiro (Portugal), Region of Aveiro (CIRA), ABIMOTA/Portugal Bike Value and the European Cyclists’ Federation (ECF) with its global network Scientists for Cycling (S4C)

1. Cycling behaviours and their
impact on Quality of Life of the
youth market: An analysis of
Portuguese University Students
Ana Rita oliveira & Celeste Eusébio
University of Aveiro

2. Structure
1. Relevance & Objectives
2. Literature Review
3. Empirical Study
4. Conclusions & Implications
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Methodology
Analysis of the Results
S4C Colloquium - Aveiro 2016

3. Relevance & Objectives
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Youth Market
• as an importante part of the tourism industry
• It’s been growing at a fast pace
Little research regarding these niche of market
Growing connection between cycling and tourism
Once again…. Little research on this field especially on the demand side

4. Cycling Tourism Definition
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Type of Activities
Intensity of
Participation
Characteristics of the
cyclists
Purpose of the trip
Inconsistent
Parameters

5. Youth Market
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Why is it
so
important?
More time to
travel
More adaptable
to new cultures
Open-mind
Multimillionaire
businnes
S4C Colloquium - Aveiro 2016

6. Youth market
It is worth US$ 136
billion per year
Has grown
39%
between
2000 and
2007
20% of the
total arrivals
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7. Empirical Study - Methodology
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SAMPLING
Population: Students of the University of Aveiro
RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
Students who use the bicycle in their tourist activities
perceive more benefits
QUESTIONS
Why don’t you use the bicycle?
What are the main benefits that you can get out by using he bicycle?
1 Question about quality of life:
15 items to categorize:
5 point Likert type scale:
1 (very rarely) 5 (very frequently)
S4C Colloquium - Aveiro 2016

8. Discussion of the Results
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591 valid answers
262 uses the bicycle
in their daily activities
123 uses the bicycle
in their tourist
activities

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Discussion of the Results

10. Discussion of the Results – Perceived
Benefits
Environment
protection (less
carbon
emissions,
green mode of
transportation),
Personal
benefits (healthy
life-style,
chance to
practice a sport,
opportunity to
relax)
Economic mode
of transportation
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11. Bicycles’s Influence on Quality of Life
Factor
Loading
F1: Psychological Quality of Life 3.46 0.857 7.338 48.919 0.915
Increase my ability to focus 3.41 1.151 0.725 0.824
Gives me more opportunities to
improve my knowledge
3.25 1.106 0.666 0.798
Increases my productivity at
work
3.44 1.115 0.678 0.765
Increases my self-esteem 3.61 1.101 0.643 0.722
Allows me to have a meaningful
life
3.3 1.182 0.573 0.717
Increases my positive thoughts 3.9 1.008 0.626 0.693
Reduces my negative thoughts 3.97 0.984 0.541 0.686
Decreases my dependency on
medication
3.19 1.297 0.431 0.652
Increases my skills on a daily
basis
3.67 1.058 0.547 0.638
Decreases my physical pain 3.4 1.143 0.402 0.615
F2: Physical Quality of Life 4.27 0.637 1.489 9.926 0.797
Increases the possibility to be in
a healthier environment
4.43 0.738 0.699 0.808
Increases the opportunities to do
outside activities
4.32 0.736 0.565 0.742
Improves my mobility 4.32 0.829 0.612 0.741
Increases my energy 4.06 0.963 0.598 0.663
Increases my satisfaction with
my body
4.21 0.882 0.550 0.607
Cronbach’s
Alpha
Quality of Life Mean Std Dev Com. Eig.
Variance
Explained
(%)
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1 Factor Analysis - 2
factors generated
KMO = 0.911
Note: 1 (very rarely) 5 (very frequently)

12. Bicycle Usage and Quality of Life
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Std.
Deviation
Significance
Level
No 166 3.92 1.015
Yes 96 4.04 0.928
No 166 3.57 1.119
Yes 96 3.83 0.925
No 166 4.32 0.755
Yes 96 4.33 0.706
No 166 3.36 1.165
Yes 96 3.57 1.013
No 166 3.49 1.148
Yes 96 3.81 0.987
No 166 4.30 0.863
Yes 96 4.36 0.769
No 166 3.95 1.028
Yes 96 4.25 0.808
No 166 3.23 1.219
Yes 96 3.42 1.111
No 166 3.36 1.222
Yes 96 3.50 1.016
No 166 3.27 1.149
Yes 96 3.39 1.019
No 166 3.30 1.172
Yes 96 3.59 1.072
No 166 3.19 1.334
Yes 96 3.20 1.236
No 166 3.85 1.093
Yes 96 3.99 0.840
No 166 4.15 0.951
Yes 96 4.30 0.742
No 166 4.40 0.755
Yes 96 4.48 0.711
Increases the possibility to be in
healthier environment
0.330 0.426 Confirms H0
Descriptive StatisticsUse of the
Bycicle in
Tourist
Activities
Increases my positive thoughts 0.008 0.246 Confirms H0
Increases my satisfaction with my body 0.332 0.181 Confirms H0
Decreases my physical pain 0.456 0.041 Rejects H0
Decreases my dependency on
medication
0.339 0.975 Confirms H0
Increases my ability to focus 0.097 0.349 Confirms H0
Gives me more opportunities to improve
my knowledge
0.288 0.138 Confirms H0
Increases my energy 0.315 0.013 Rejects H0
Allows me to have a meaningful life 0.596 0.213 Confirms H0
Increases my self-esteem 0.053 0.021 Rejects H0
Improves my mobility 0.536 0.552 Confirms H0
Increases the opportunities to do outside
activities
0.501 0.882 Confirms H0
Increases my productivity at work 0.201 0.128 Confirms H0
Reduces my negative thoughts 0.157 0.343 Confirms H0
Increases my skills on a daily basis 0.011 0.043 Rejects H0
Quality of Life
T-Test
N Mean T Conclusion
Note: 1 (very rarely) 5 (very frequently)

13. Main Conclusions
 Important niche market
 Lack of research
 Lack of facilities and infrastructures
 Need of promoting this type of transportation
 Benefits are perceived from students who use the bicycle and from those who
doesn't
 Use of the bicycle related with improvement of heath and physical condition
 There is only a few differences regarding the benefits between who uses the
bicycle in tourist activities and who only use it on a daily basis
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14. THANK YOU FOR YOU
ATTENTION!
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