Welcome to Social Studies 11! The document provides an overview of the course and encourages students to be prepared, bring required materials, and have a positive attitude towards the learning adventure they will go on together.
The document then provides summaries of different political ideologies including communism, socialism, reform liberalism, classical liberalism, conservatism, fascism, democracy, monarchy, totalitarianism, federalism and conservatism. For each ideology, it outlines their basic principles, historical origins, views on the role of government, individuals, human nature, economic systems and prominent writers and theorists. It also provides examples of countries and time periods where different ideologies were prominent.
A brief survey of 19th century European intellectual and political history, primarily focusing on political ideologies stemming from the Enlightenment and French Revolution.
A brief survey of 19th century European intellectual and political history, primarily focusing on political ideologies stemming from the Enlightenment and French Revolution.
CAMBRIDGE A2 HISTORY: POLICIES TOWARDS MINORITIES, OPPOSITION AND JEWSGeorge Dumitrache
CAMBRIDGE A2 HISTORY: POLICIES TOWARDS MINORITIES, OPPOSITION AND JEWS. Contains: the racial policy of Nazi Germany, the anti-Jews laws, the law for the protection of German blood and honour, the Reich citizenship law, persecution of German Jews, Romany minority.
CAMBRIDGE A2 HISTORY: POLICIES TOWARDS MINORITIES, OPPOSITION AND JEWSGeorge Dumitrache
CAMBRIDGE A2 HISTORY: POLICIES TOWARDS MINORITIES, OPPOSITION AND JEWS. Contains: the racial policy of Nazi Germany, the anti-Jews laws, the law for the protection of German blood and honour, the Reich citizenship law, persecution of German Jews, Romany minority.
Future Of Fintech In India | Evolution Of Fintech In IndiaTheUnitedIndian
Navigating the Future of Fintech in India: Insights into how AI, blockchain, and digital payments are driving unprecedented growth in India's fintech industry, redefining financial services and accessibility.
Welcome to the new Mizzima Weekly !
Mizzima Media Group is pleased to announce the relaunch of Mizzima Weekly. Mizzima is dedicated to helping our readers and viewers keep up to date on the latest developments in Myanmar and related to Myanmar by offering analysis and insight into the subjects that matter. Our websites and our social media channels provide readers and viewers with up-to-the-minute and up-to-date news, which we don’t necessarily need to replicate in our Mizzima Weekly magazine. But where we see a gap is in providing more analysis, insight and in-depth coverage of Myanmar, that is of particular interest to a range of readers.
ys jagan mohan reddy political career, Biography.pdfVoterMood
Yeduguri Sandinti Jagan Mohan Reddy, often referred to as Y.S. Jagan Mohan Reddy, is an Indian politician who currently serves as the Chief Minister of the state of Andhra Pradesh. He was born on December 21, 1972, in Pulivendula, Andhra Pradesh, to Yeduguri Sandinti Rajasekhara Reddy (popularly known as YSR), a former Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh, and Y.S. Vijayamma.
27052024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
CLICK:- https://firstindia.co.in/
#First_India_NewsPaper
role of women and girls in various terror groupssadiakorobi2
Women have three distinct types of involvement: direct involvement in terrorist acts; enabling of others to commit such acts; and facilitating the disengagement of others from violent or extremist groups.
‘वोटर्स विल मस्ट प्रीवेल’ (मतदाताओं को जीतना होगा) अभियान द्वारा जारी हेल्पलाइन नंबर, 4 जून को सुबह 7 बजे से दोपहर 12 बजे तक मतगणना प्रक्रिया में कहीं भी किसी भी तरह के उल्लंघन की रिपोर्ट करने के लिए खुला रहेगा।
31052024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
CLICK:- https://firstindia.co.in/
#First_India_NewsPaper
01062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
CLICK:- https://firstindia.co.in/
#First_India_NewsPaper
In a May 9, 2024 paper, Juri Opitz from the University of Zurich, along with Shira Wein and Nathan Schneider form Georgetown University, discussed the importance of linguistic expertise in natural language processing (NLP) in an era dominated by large language models (LLMs).
The authors explained that while machine translation (MT) previously relied heavily on linguists, the landscape has shifted. “Linguistics is no longer front and center in the way we build NLP systems,” they said. With the emergence of LLMs, which can generate fluent text without the need for specialized modules to handle grammar or semantic coherence, the need for linguistic expertise in NLP is being questioned.
03062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
CLICK:- https://firstindia.co.in/
#First_India_NewsPaper
हम आग्रह करते हैं कि जो भी सत्ता में आए, वह संविधान का पालन करे, उसकी रक्षा करे और उसे बनाए रखे।" प्रस्ताव में कुल तीन प्रमुख हस्तक्षेप और उनके तंत्र भी प्रस्तुत किए गए। पहला हस्तक्षेप स्वतंत्र मीडिया को प्रोत्साहित करके, वास्तविकता पर आधारित काउंटर नैरेटिव का निर्माण करके और सत्तारूढ़ सरकार द्वारा नियोजित मनोवैज्ञानिक हेरफेर की रणनीति का मुकाबला करके लोगों द्वारा निर्धारित कथा को बनाए रखना और उस पर कार्यकरना था।
1. Welcome to Social Studies 11!
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•
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Be prepared!
Come to class on time!
Bring your Cornell Note taking paper!
Bring your burning need to learn!
Bring your smiles and laughter!
Leave your unhappiness behind
We are about to go on a learning adventure
together!
5. What is politics?
• What comes to mind when you think of
Political systems?
Hitler
Mussolini
6. Democracy
• Democracy is a form of government in which all eligible
citizens participate equally—either directly or through
elected representatives—in the proposal, development, and
creation of laws. It encompasses social, economic and cultural
conditions that enable the free and equal practice of political
self-determination.
• Direct Democracy: Each citizen votes on the issue in question
• Representative Democracy: Citizens elect a representative
from a pool of candidates (generally representative of a
political ideology) to represent their interests to government
7. Monarchy
• A monarchy (or kingdom, when ruled by a King or Queen) is a
form of government in which sovereignty is actually or
nominally embodied in a single individual
• Forms of monarchy differ widely based on the level of legal
autonomy the monarch holds, the method of selection of the
monarch, and any predetermined limits on the length of their
term in office.
• When the monarch has no or few legal restraints in state and
political matters, it is called an absolute monarchy and is a
form of autocracy. Cases in which the monarch's discretion is
formally limited (most common today) are called
constitutional monarchies.
• Canada’s government is a Constitutional Monarchy
8. Totalitarian and Autocracies
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•
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Totalitarianism or totalitarian state is a term used to describe a political system in
which the state holds total authority over the society and seeks to control all
aspects of public and private life wherever possible.
The concept of totalitarianism was first developed in a positive sense in the 1920s
by the Italian fascists.
The concept became prominent during the Cold War era, in order to highlight
perceived similarities between Nazi Germany and other Fascist states on the one
hand, and Soviet Communist Party states on the other.
Autocracies: An autocratic state is a system of government in which all of the
power is concentrated in the hands of one person, whose decisions are subject to
neither external legal restraints or elections (except perhaps for the threat of a
coup d'état or revolution).
9. Federalism and the Federal system
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•
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Canadian federalism is concerned with the nature and historical development of
federal systems within Canada. Canada is a federation with two distinct
jurisdictions of political authority: the country-wide federal government and the
ten provincial governments.
It has three territorial governments in the far north that exercise powers under
the authority of the Parliament of Canada. All three jurisdictions are linked
together by the Canadian Crown, from which all derive their power and authority;
each government includes the Queen-in-Parliament, the Queen-in-Council, and
the Queen-on-the-Bench.
The federal parliament and the provincial assemblies are generally independent of
one another in their respective areas of legislative authority.
Shared sectors include agriculture and immigration, but most are either entirely
within federal jurisdiction, such as foreign affairs and telecommunications, or
entirely within provincial jurisdiction, such as education and healthcare.
10. Conservatism
• Basic Principles:
– Tradition
– Social Stability
– Society as Functional
– Order
– All individuals work for the collective good by
fulfilling their role in their social station in the
social structure.
11. Conservatism (cont’d)
• Historical Origin:
– 18th Century
– Feudal Society
• Role of Government:
– Rules in the interest the social order, the interest of the
wealthy
– Minimal / modest role for government
13. Conservatism (cont’d)
• Economic Base:
– Agrarian to Capitalist to . . .
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•
•
•
Economic Freedom: High
Economic Equality: Low
Freedom of Thought and Belief: High
Freedom of Expression: Moderate
14. Conservatism (cont’d)
• Country & Time:
– England and Canada: early to late 19th Century
• Writer / Theorist:
– William Paley
1743-1805
15. Classical Liberalism
• Basic Principles:
– Supremacy of Individual Liberty and Rights
– The greatest good for all results from unrestricted
freedom of the individual
– Individual freedom: political, economic
– Progress is good, and results from individual
freedom of action
16. Classical Liberalism (cont’d)
• Competition and struggle for existence
amongst all is good
• Each person achieves according to their
innate ability
• Meritocracy
• Government impedes individual liberty,
personal, political and economic, to the
detriment of all
• Modelled on a view of nature as competitive,
survival of the fittest
17. Classical Liberalism (cont’d)
• Historical Origin:
– England in the 1830’s
• Role of Government:
– Absolute minimum
– A negative force
– It detracts from the liberty of the individual
18. Classical Liberalism (cont’d)
• Individual
– Should have complete and unrestricted freedom:
political and economic
• Human Nature:
– Inherently acts on self-interest
and selfishness
19. Classical Liberalism (cont’d)
• Economic Base:
– Industrialization to Capitalism to . . .
•
•
•
•
Economic Freedom: Very high
Economic Equality: Very Low
Freedom of Thought and Belief: Very High
Freedom of Expression: Very High
20. Classical Liberalism (cont’d)
• Country & Time:
• England and the U.S. in late 19th Century
• Writer / Theorist:
– Adam Smith
– Thomas Huxley
– William Spencer
Thomas Huxley
1825-1895
21. Reform Liberalism
• Basic Principles:
– Individual freedom must be tempered by
collective action for the improvement of individual
and collective welfare
– Progress is good, change is good
– Inequalities of opportunity exist in the social
structure, and government should address this to
provide equality of opportunity for all
22. Reform Liberalism (cont’d)
• Historical Origin:
– England and North America in the late 19th and early 20th
Century
• Role of Government:
– has a positive role in society and the economy
– government intervention to regulate and manage the
economy for the wellbeing of all
– government intervenes to protect minority rights
23. Reform Liberalism (cont’d)
• Individual:
– a primary value
– individual liberty and freedom is important, but
government action is necessary to ensure this for all
• Human Nature:
– basically good
– government creates social conditions that allow
individuals to flourish
24. Reform Liberalism (cont’d)
• Economic Base:
– Industrial to Capitalist to . . .
•
•
•
•
Economic Freedom:High
Economic Equality: Moderate
Freedom of Thought and Belief: Very High
Freedom of Expression: High
25. Reform Liberalism (cont’d)
• Country & Time:
– England and Canada in the early 20th Century
• Writer/Theorist: John Maynard Keynes
1883-1946
26. Socialism
• Basic Principles:
– An economic and class understanding of society
– Economic classes have conflicting interests, and
society evolves towards power in the hands of the
working class.
– The collective good takes precedence over selfinterest of individuals
– Humans are fundamentally social beings and their
fulfillment is in social groups
27. Socialism (cont’d)
• Historical Origin:
– England in the 19th Century
• Role of Government:
– The government intervenes to prevent economic
exploitation of workers by capitalists
– The government manages the economy in the interest of
the citizens to ensure the economic wellbeing of all.
– Public or collective ownership over the resources and
infrastructure of the society
28. Socialism (cont’d)
• Individual
– The rights and desires of individuals are
subordinate to the wellbeing and welfare of the
majority
• Human Nature:
– Humans are fundamentally social beings and their
fulfillment is in social groups
29. Socialism (cont’d)
• Economic Base:
– Industrial
– Collective or public ownership of resources and industry
•
•
•
•
Economic Freedom: Low
Economic Equality: High
Freedom of Thought and Belief: High
Freedom of Expression: Moderate
30. Socialism (cont’d)
• Country & Time:
– Northern Europe Early 19th Century
• Writer / Theorist: Robert Owen, JeanJacques Rousseau, Henri de Saint-Simon
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
1712-1778
31. Communism
• Basic Principles:
– An economic class understanding of society
– A determinist understand of an inevitable historical
evolution to a classless society based on the conflict
between the working class and the capitalist class
– A strong central government is necessary to impose
government control of the resources, industry and
productive base of the society in the interests of all
– Totalitarian
32. Communism (cont’d)
• Historical Origin:
– U.S.S.R.
• Role of Government:
– highly interventionist in the politics and economy
of the country
34. Communism (cont’d)
• Individual:
– individuals are subordinate to the wellbeing and
interests of all
Stalin
• Human Nature:
– Humans are fundamentally social beings and their
fulfillment is in social groups
35. Communism (cont’d)
• Economic Base:
– Industrial, sometimes agrarian
– State capitalist?
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•
•
•
Economic Freedom:Very Low
Economic Equality: Very High
Freedom of Thought and Belief: Low
Freedom of Expression: Low
36. Communism (cont’d)
• Country & Time:
– U.S.S.R, 1917 - 1991
– China, post 1949 (Mao Zedong)
• Writer / Theorist:
– Lenin
– Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels
– (co-author’s of communist manifesto)
Note: Divergence between Communism as a
philosophy and historical political system
37. Hearing Lenin
Russian Civil War Era Speech
Russian Ideologist and Communist leader Vladimir Lenin
speaking during the Russian Civil War (1918-1922)
38. Fascism
• Basic Principles:
– An ultra-conservative and ultra-nationalist approach to
social structure
– The good social order is achieved by a totalitarian state
that manages society and the economy towards military
and state power
– Complete government and state regulation of individuals’
rights and the economy in the interest of the state
– Glorification of a past ideal time and military power
39. • Adolf Hitler
http://www.solarnavigator.net/history/explorers_history/Adolf_Hitler_walking_out_of_Brown_House_after_1930_elections.jpg
40. Fascism (cont’d)
• Historical Origin:
– Italy in the 1920’s
– Germany in the 1930’s
• Role of Government:
– The government is the supreme power in society,
and directs the political and economic system in
the interest of the fascist state
http://sharonweinberger.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/01/mind_control.gif
41. Fascism (cont’d)
• Individual:
– The individual is completely subordinate to the
interests of the state
• Human Nature:
– human fulfillment is found in serving the interests
of the fascist state
42. Fascism (cont’d)
• Economic Base:
– Industrial and capitalist
– Capitalist production is directed by the state for the
interests of the state
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•
•
•
Economic Freedom: Low
Economic Equality: Low
Freedom of Thought and Belief: Low
Freedom of Expression: Very Low
43. Fascism (cont’d)
• Country & Time:
– Italy in the 1920s and 1930s
– Germany in the 1930s
• Writer / Theorist:
Benito Mussolini
44. Hitler’s Beer hall Speech
Footage taken from a movie depicting Hitler speaking
to a crowded Munich beer hall, typical of his early
methods of spreading his ideals.