This document discusses various hydraulic structures used to measure flow including weirs, venturi flumes, and modular venturi flumes. Weirs are overflow structures built across channels with the crest perpendicular to flow. Venturi flumes consist of converging and diverging sections to accelerate flow through a throat section, allowing discharge measurement. Modular venturi flumes have critical flow conditions at the throat, creating a standing wave downstream. Examples of calculating discharge using weir and venturi flume equations are also provided.
The document provides an introduction to watershed management concepts including stakeholders and decision making. It covers topics such as watershed systems, objectives of watershed management including soil, water and vegetation conservation. It discusses the components of watershed management including foundation practices, improved production practices, and benefits. It also covers strategies, the multi-disciplinary approach, stakeholder analysis including identification and development issues, and the USEPA approaches to stakeholder involvement.
This document provides an overview of the scope and objectives of a course on watershed and its management using an integrated watershed approach. The course aims to discuss various technical, social, ecological and environmental aspects of watershed development and management. It will cover 10 modules over 40 lectures on topics like introduction to watershed concepts, sustainable watershed practices, integrated watershed management, watershed modeling, social aspects and more. The course is intended to be useful for students, teachers, NGOs and practitioners.
This document provides information about the Watershed Management course WMA 510 at the University of Agriculture Abeokuta. It includes details about the course coordinators, content, requirements, and reading list. The course aims to teach students about watershed management principles and practices through understanding watershed hydrology, human impacts on water resources, and strategies to address problems. Integrated watershed management approaches are emphasized, recognizing the links between land and water.
1) The document discusses fronts and mid-latitude cyclones, including the formation and characteristics of warm fronts, cold fronts, stationary fronts, and occluded fronts.
2) Mid-latitude cyclones form in zones along the polar front where there are strong temperature gradients and converging winds. They develop through the formation and movement of different air mass fronts.
3) The movement and interaction of fronts within mid-latitude cyclones is responsible for much of the day-to-day variability in weather conditions in mid-latitude regions like Northwest Europe.
This document discusses various thermal and radiation processes in the atmosphere. It begins by outlining the solar radiation budget at the Earth's surface and how energy is absorbed, reflected, and redistributed. It then covers adiabatic and non-adiabatic atmospheric processes, lapse rates, pressure-temperature relationships, and how thermal heating and cooling can drive local circulation patterns like sea breezes and thermal lows. The document concludes by examining the thermal wind concept and how temperature gradients relate to wind shear and jet streams.
Models provide a 4D framework for assimilating observations over time and smoothing measurements. Satellite data provides numerous measurements like visible imagery, infrared imagery, sea surface temperatures, and winds that increase understanding of atmospheric conditions, though some data represents vertical integrals or surface values that are difficult to locate precisely. Reanalysis allows improved modeling of past weather.
This document defines meteorological terms and describes the vertical structure of Earth's atmosphere. It discusses:
1. The layers of the atmosphere including the troposphere, stratosphere, and mesosphere. The troposphere is where weather occurs and has decreasing temperature with altitude.
2. The boundary layer, a sublayer of the troposphere directly influenced by surface friction and turbulence.
3. Temperature and pressure decrease logarithmically with altitude. Horizontal gradients are generally much smaller than vertical gradients.
4. Time is usually reported in UTC and units include Kelvin, Celsius, Fahrenheit for temperature and millibars, Pascals for pressure.
This document discusses various hydraulic structures used to measure flow including weirs, venturi flumes, and modular venturi flumes. Weirs are overflow structures built across channels with the crest perpendicular to flow. Venturi flumes consist of converging and diverging sections to accelerate flow through a throat section, allowing discharge measurement. Modular venturi flumes have critical flow conditions at the throat, creating a standing wave downstream. Examples of calculating discharge using weir and venturi flume equations are also provided.
The document provides an introduction to watershed management concepts including stakeholders and decision making. It covers topics such as watershed systems, objectives of watershed management including soil, water and vegetation conservation. It discusses the components of watershed management including foundation practices, improved production practices, and benefits. It also covers strategies, the multi-disciplinary approach, stakeholder analysis including identification and development issues, and the USEPA approaches to stakeholder involvement.
This document provides an overview of the scope and objectives of a course on watershed and its management using an integrated watershed approach. The course aims to discuss various technical, social, ecological and environmental aspects of watershed development and management. It will cover 10 modules over 40 lectures on topics like introduction to watershed concepts, sustainable watershed practices, integrated watershed management, watershed modeling, social aspects and more. The course is intended to be useful for students, teachers, NGOs and practitioners.
This document provides information about the Watershed Management course WMA 510 at the University of Agriculture Abeokuta. It includes details about the course coordinators, content, requirements, and reading list. The course aims to teach students about watershed management principles and practices through understanding watershed hydrology, human impacts on water resources, and strategies to address problems. Integrated watershed management approaches are emphasized, recognizing the links between land and water.
1) The document discusses fronts and mid-latitude cyclones, including the formation and characteristics of warm fronts, cold fronts, stationary fronts, and occluded fronts.
2) Mid-latitude cyclones form in zones along the polar front where there are strong temperature gradients and converging winds. They develop through the formation and movement of different air mass fronts.
3) The movement and interaction of fronts within mid-latitude cyclones is responsible for much of the day-to-day variability in weather conditions in mid-latitude regions like Northwest Europe.
This document discusses various thermal and radiation processes in the atmosphere. It begins by outlining the solar radiation budget at the Earth's surface and how energy is absorbed, reflected, and redistributed. It then covers adiabatic and non-adiabatic atmospheric processes, lapse rates, pressure-temperature relationships, and how thermal heating and cooling can drive local circulation patterns like sea breezes and thermal lows. The document concludes by examining the thermal wind concept and how temperature gradients relate to wind shear and jet streams.
Models provide a 4D framework for assimilating observations over time and smoothing measurements. Satellite data provides numerous measurements like visible imagery, infrared imagery, sea surface temperatures, and winds that increase understanding of atmospheric conditions, though some data represents vertical integrals or surface values that are difficult to locate precisely. Reanalysis allows improved modeling of past weather.
This document defines meteorological terms and describes the vertical structure of Earth's atmosphere. It discusses:
1. The layers of the atmosphere including the troposphere, stratosphere, and mesosphere. The troposphere is where weather occurs and has decreasing temperature with altitude.
2. The boundary layer, a sublayer of the troposphere directly influenced by surface friction and turbulence.
3. Temperature and pressure decrease logarithmically with altitude. Horizontal gradients are generally much smaller than vertical gradients.
4. Time is usually reported in UTC and units include Kelvin, Celsius, Fahrenheit for temperature and millibars, Pascals for pressure.
Tephigrams are thermodynamic diagrams that show the vertical structure of the atmosphere. They have the property that equal areas on the diagram represent equal amounts of energy. Tephigrams depict the temperature, dewpoint, potential temperature, and saturation mixing ratio to analyze atmospheric stability and potential for cloud formation and convection. Areas between environmental temperature curves and adiabatic lapse rates indicate the potential buoyant energy available for parcel lifting.
Worldwide weather observations are taken four times daily and include surface and upper air measurements. Surface observations include temperature, wind, and precipitation while upper air observations come from weather balloons. These observations along with remote sensing data from satellites, weather radar, and wind profilers are used to construct surface analysis charts and upper air soundings to analyze current weather conditions.
This document provides an introduction to a university course on meteorology and weather forecasting. It outlines the course content which includes 10 lectures on basic meteorology concepts and 8 workshops on hands-on forecasting exercises. It also lists core reading materials and meteorological resources available online. The document describes different methods of weather forecasting from simple persistence to modern numerical weather prediction models run on powerful computers.
This document discusses moist processes in meteorology. It explains that water vapor makes up most of the water in the atmosphere and exists primarily in the troposphere. Condensation occurs when air is cooled to below its dew point, through processes like lifting, mixing with cooler air masses, or contact cooling over surfaces. Lifting air parcels cools them through expansion, with the lifting condensation level being reached when the air reaches saturation. Further lifting causes additional condensation as more water vapor condenses out of the rising air parcel. This condensation releases latent heat, slowing the cooling rate compared to unsaturated air parcels. The document also describes how downslope winds like Föhn winds can warm as they descend,
This document discusses cloud classification and types. It begins by introducing the Latin terms used to classify clouds based on their altitude and characteristics: cirrus (high), cumulus (heap), stratus (layer), and nimbus (rain-bearing). Clouds are then classified into high-level (above 6,000m), medium-level (2,000-6,000m), and low-level (below 2,000m) clouds. Various cloud types are defined within each level based on their appearance, including cirrus, altostratus, stratocumulus, cumulus, and nimbostratus clouds. The formation of precipitation within clouds and clouds' effects on radiation and vertical air transport are also summarized
- Air masses originate in high-pressure regions with uniform surface conditions and develop distinct thermal and moisture properties.
- As air masses move towards low pressure regions, they are modified by changes in surface properties like heating/cooling and by adding or removing moisture through processes like evaporation and precipitation.
- Air masses are classified and named based on their region of origin and associated surface type, and bring general weather conditions to areas over which they pass.
The document discusses atmospheric motions driven by pressure gradients and the Coriolis effect. It explains that horizontal pressure gradients create a pressure force that drives winds towards lower pressure. The Coriolis force deflects the winds right in the Northern Hemisphere. When the pressure and Coriolis forces balance, the result is geostrophic wind parallel to isobars. Near the Earth's surface, friction reduces wind speed and causes the wind direction to spiral inward in an Ekman spiral. The global circulation patterns arise from convection and solar heating interacting with the Coriolis effect to form six counter-rotating cells in each hemisphere.
This document outlines a lecture on town planning given by Engr. Ali Raza Khalid. It includes definitions of town planning, the history and objectives of town planning such as health, convenience and beauty. Principles of town planning like zoning, green belts, housing and transportation facilities are discussed. The necessity of town planning to avoid problems towns face without planning like lack of amenities and traffic congestion is also covered.
Bricks are one of the oldest and most widely used construction materials. They are durable, lightweight, fire resistant, and cheaper than stones to use for building. A good quality brick is made from a mixture of clay and sand that is molded, dried, and fired at a high temperature. This makes the brick hard and long-lasting. Bricks are commonly used to construct walls, bridges, floors, and other structural elements in buildings. They have advantages over other materials like stones in being easier to work with and transport. Proper analysis and processing of the clay mixture is important to produce high quality bricks with good compressive strength, low water absorption, and resistance to cracking.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms for those who already suffer from conditions like anxiety and depression.
This book can be used to teach basic statistics for the 1st year college students and can also be used for O level and A level students and for also engineering students.
1. The document outlines the terms of reference for focus groups at the National University of Computer & Emerging Sciences Lahore Department of Civil Engineering.
2. The focus groups are responsible for arranging meetings with course coordinators, approving course syllabi, reviewing exam materials, ensuring complete course files, and suggesting agenda items to the department quality enhancement cell.
3. The document assigns specific civil engineering courses to three focus groups: structural engineering and construction management, water resources and environmental engineering, and geotechnical and transportation engineering.
This document provides an overview of topics to be covered in a lecture on groundwater and groundwater-surface water exchange. It begins with a discussion of the results from a homework quiz and exercises. It then outlines that the lecture will cover groundwater basics, groundwater development and management, and groundwater-surface water exchange. Details are provided about assessments and homework due dates. The document concludes with an invitation for any questions before beginning the lecture presentations.
1. The study develops intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) curves for Lahore City, Pakistan using rainfall data from 1960-2014. Four probability distributions (Normal, Log-normal, Gumbel, and Log-Pearson) are used to derive the IDF curves.
2. Rainfall intensities are calculated for durations of 1 to 24 hours using an Indian meteorological formula. IDF curves are plotted for return periods of 2, 5, 10, 25, and 50 years.
3. Empirical formulas are derived for each distribution by converting the rainfall intensity equation to linear form and calculating parameters. Goodness of fit is tested using chi-square values between empirical formulas and distribution values. The Log-normal
Dr. Shahid Ali discusses sediment transport in rivers. There are 3 main types of sediment transport:
1) Suspended sediment moves through turbulence in the water column. 2) Bedload moves along the river bed through rolling and sliding. 3) Washload is fine sediment that remains suspended through Brownian motion. The size of sediment generally decreases downstream as larger particles are abraded. Sediment transport formulas have been developed but have limitations due to complex field conditions.
Describing and Interpreting an Immersive Learning Case with the Immersion Cub...Leonel Morgado
Current descriptions of immersive learning cases are often difficult or impossible to compare. This is due to a myriad of different options on what details to include, which aspects are relevant, and on the descriptive approaches employed. Also, these aspects often combine very specific details with more general guidelines or indicate intents and rationales without clarifying their implementation. In this paper we provide a method to describe immersive learning cases that is structured to enable comparisons, yet flexible enough to allow researchers and practitioners to decide which aspects to include. This method leverages a taxonomy that classifies educational aspects at three levels (uses, practices, and strategies) and then utilizes two frameworks, the Immersive Learning Brain and the Immersion Cube, to enable a structured description and interpretation of immersive learning cases. The method is then demonstrated on a published immersive learning case on training for wind turbine maintenance using virtual reality. Applying the method results in a structured artifact, the Immersive Learning Case Sheet, that tags the case with its proximal uses, practices, and strategies, and refines the free text case description to ensure that matching details are included. This contribution is thus a case description method in support of future comparative research of immersive learning cases. We then discuss how the resulting description and interpretation can be leveraged to change immersion learning cases, by enriching them (considering low-effort changes or additions) or innovating (exploring more challenging avenues of transformation). The method holds significant promise to support better-grounded research in immersive learning.
EWOCS-I: The catalog of X-ray sources in Westerlund 1 from the Extended Weste...Sérgio Sacani
Context. With a mass exceeding several 104 M⊙ and a rich and dense population of massive stars, supermassive young star clusters
represent the most massive star-forming environment that is dominated by the feedback from massive stars and gravitational interactions
among stars.
Aims. In this paper we present the Extended Westerlund 1 and 2 Open Clusters Survey (EWOCS) project, which aims to investigate
the influence of the starburst environment on the formation of stars and planets, and on the evolution of both low and high mass stars.
The primary targets of this project are Westerlund 1 and 2, the closest supermassive star clusters to the Sun.
Methods. The project is based primarily on recent observations conducted with the Chandra and JWST observatories. Specifically,
the Chandra survey of Westerlund 1 consists of 36 new ACIS-I observations, nearly co-pointed, for a total exposure time of 1 Msec.
Additionally, we included 8 archival Chandra/ACIS-S observations. This paper presents the resulting catalog of X-ray sources within
and around Westerlund 1. Sources were detected by combining various existing methods, and photon extraction and source validation
were carried out using the ACIS-Extract software.
Results. The EWOCS X-ray catalog comprises 5963 validated sources out of the 9420 initially provided to ACIS-Extract, reaching a
photon flux threshold of approximately 2 × 10−8 photons cm−2
s
−1
. The X-ray sources exhibit a highly concentrated spatial distribution,
with 1075 sources located within the central 1 arcmin. We have successfully detected X-ray emissions from 126 out of the 166 known
massive stars of the cluster, and we have collected over 71 000 photons from the magnetar CXO J164710.20-455217.
Unlocking the mysteries of reproduction: Exploring fecundity and gonadosomati...AbdullaAlAsif1
The pygmy halfbeak Dermogenys colletei, is known for its viviparous nature, this presents an intriguing case of relatively low fecundity, raising questions about potential compensatory reproductive strategies employed by this species. Our study delves into the examination of fecundity and the Gonadosomatic Index (GSI) in the Pygmy Halfbeak, D. colletei (Meisner, 2001), an intriguing viviparous fish indigenous to Sarawak, Borneo. We hypothesize that the Pygmy halfbeak, D. colletei, may exhibit unique reproductive adaptations to offset its low fecundity, thus enhancing its survival and fitness. To address this, we conducted a comprehensive study utilizing 28 mature female specimens of D. colletei, carefully measuring fecundity and GSI to shed light on the reproductive adaptations of this species. Our findings reveal that D. colletei indeed exhibits low fecundity, with a mean of 16.76 ± 2.01, and a mean GSI of 12.83 ± 1.27, providing crucial insights into the reproductive mechanisms at play in this species. These results underscore the existence of unique reproductive strategies in D. colletei, enabling its adaptation and persistence in Borneo's diverse aquatic ecosystems, and call for further ecological research to elucidate these mechanisms. This study lends to a better understanding of viviparous fish in Borneo and contributes to the broader field of aquatic ecology, enhancing our knowledge of species adaptations to unique ecological challenges.
Tephigrams are thermodynamic diagrams that show the vertical structure of the atmosphere. They have the property that equal areas on the diagram represent equal amounts of energy. Tephigrams depict the temperature, dewpoint, potential temperature, and saturation mixing ratio to analyze atmospheric stability and potential for cloud formation and convection. Areas between environmental temperature curves and adiabatic lapse rates indicate the potential buoyant energy available for parcel lifting.
Worldwide weather observations are taken four times daily and include surface and upper air measurements. Surface observations include temperature, wind, and precipitation while upper air observations come from weather balloons. These observations along with remote sensing data from satellites, weather radar, and wind profilers are used to construct surface analysis charts and upper air soundings to analyze current weather conditions.
This document provides an introduction to a university course on meteorology and weather forecasting. It outlines the course content which includes 10 lectures on basic meteorology concepts and 8 workshops on hands-on forecasting exercises. It also lists core reading materials and meteorological resources available online. The document describes different methods of weather forecasting from simple persistence to modern numerical weather prediction models run on powerful computers.
This document discusses moist processes in meteorology. It explains that water vapor makes up most of the water in the atmosphere and exists primarily in the troposphere. Condensation occurs when air is cooled to below its dew point, through processes like lifting, mixing with cooler air masses, or contact cooling over surfaces. Lifting air parcels cools them through expansion, with the lifting condensation level being reached when the air reaches saturation. Further lifting causes additional condensation as more water vapor condenses out of the rising air parcel. This condensation releases latent heat, slowing the cooling rate compared to unsaturated air parcels. The document also describes how downslope winds like Föhn winds can warm as they descend,
This document discusses cloud classification and types. It begins by introducing the Latin terms used to classify clouds based on their altitude and characteristics: cirrus (high), cumulus (heap), stratus (layer), and nimbus (rain-bearing). Clouds are then classified into high-level (above 6,000m), medium-level (2,000-6,000m), and low-level (below 2,000m) clouds. Various cloud types are defined within each level based on their appearance, including cirrus, altostratus, stratocumulus, cumulus, and nimbostratus clouds. The formation of precipitation within clouds and clouds' effects on radiation and vertical air transport are also summarized
- Air masses originate in high-pressure regions with uniform surface conditions and develop distinct thermal and moisture properties.
- As air masses move towards low pressure regions, they are modified by changes in surface properties like heating/cooling and by adding or removing moisture through processes like evaporation and precipitation.
- Air masses are classified and named based on their region of origin and associated surface type, and bring general weather conditions to areas over which they pass.
The document discusses atmospheric motions driven by pressure gradients and the Coriolis effect. It explains that horizontal pressure gradients create a pressure force that drives winds towards lower pressure. The Coriolis force deflects the winds right in the Northern Hemisphere. When the pressure and Coriolis forces balance, the result is geostrophic wind parallel to isobars. Near the Earth's surface, friction reduces wind speed and causes the wind direction to spiral inward in an Ekman spiral. The global circulation patterns arise from convection and solar heating interacting with the Coriolis effect to form six counter-rotating cells in each hemisphere.
This document outlines a lecture on town planning given by Engr. Ali Raza Khalid. It includes definitions of town planning, the history and objectives of town planning such as health, convenience and beauty. Principles of town planning like zoning, green belts, housing and transportation facilities are discussed. The necessity of town planning to avoid problems towns face without planning like lack of amenities and traffic congestion is also covered.
Bricks are one of the oldest and most widely used construction materials. They are durable, lightweight, fire resistant, and cheaper than stones to use for building. A good quality brick is made from a mixture of clay and sand that is molded, dried, and fired at a high temperature. This makes the brick hard and long-lasting. Bricks are commonly used to construct walls, bridges, floors, and other structural elements in buildings. They have advantages over other materials like stones in being easier to work with and transport. Proper analysis and processing of the clay mixture is important to produce high quality bricks with good compressive strength, low water absorption, and resistance to cracking.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms for those who already suffer from conditions like anxiety and depression.
This book can be used to teach basic statistics for the 1st year college students and can also be used for O level and A level students and for also engineering students.
1. The document outlines the terms of reference for focus groups at the National University of Computer & Emerging Sciences Lahore Department of Civil Engineering.
2. The focus groups are responsible for arranging meetings with course coordinators, approving course syllabi, reviewing exam materials, ensuring complete course files, and suggesting agenda items to the department quality enhancement cell.
3. The document assigns specific civil engineering courses to three focus groups: structural engineering and construction management, water resources and environmental engineering, and geotechnical and transportation engineering.
This document provides an overview of topics to be covered in a lecture on groundwater and groundwater-surface water exchange. It begins with a discussion of the results from a homework quiz and exercises. It then outlines that the lecture will cover groundwater basics, groundwater development and management, and groundwater-surface water exchange. Details are provided about assessments and homework due dates. The document concludes with an invitation for any questions before beginning the lecture presentations.
1. The study develops intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) curves for Lahore City, Pakistan using rainfall data from 1960-2014. Four probability distributions (Normal, Log-normal, Gumbel, and Log-Pearson) are used to derive the IDF curves.
2. Rainfall intensities are calculated for durations of 1 to 24 hours using an Indian meteorological formula. IDF curves are plotted for return periods of 2, 5, 10, 25, and 50 years.
3. Empirical formulas are derived for each distribution by converting the rainfall intensity equation to linear form and calculating parameters. Goodness of fit is tested using chi-square values between empirical formulas and distribution values. The Log-normal
Dr. Shahid Ali discusses sediment transport in rivers. There are 3 main types of sediment transport:
1) Suspended sediment moves through turbulence in the water column. 2) Bedload moves along the river bed through rolling and sliding. 3) Washload is fine sediment that remains suspended through Brownian motion. The size of sediment generally decreases downstream as larger particles are abraded. Sediment transport formulas have been developed but have limitations due to complex field conditions.
Describing and Interpreting an Immersive Learning Case with the Immersion Cub...Leonel Morgado
Current descriptions of immersive learning cases are often difficult or impossible to compare. This is due to a myriad of different options on what details to include, which aspects are relevant, and on the descriptive approaches employed. Also, these aspects often combine very specific details with more general guidelines or indicate intents and rationales without clarifying their implementation. In this paper we provide a method to describe immersive learning cases that is structured to enable comparisons, yet flexible enough to allow researchers and practitioners to decide which aspects to include. This method leverages a taxonomy that classifies educational aspects at three levels (uses, practices, and strategies) and then utilizes two frameworks, the Immersive Learning Brain and the Immersion Cube, to enable a structured description and interpretation of immersive learning cases. The method is then demonstrated on a published immersive learning case on training for wind turbine maintenance using virtual reality. Applying the method results in a structured artifact, the Immersive Learning Case Sheet, that tags the case with its proximal uses, practices, and strategies, and refines the free text case description to ensure that matching details are included. This contribution is thus a case description method in support of future comparative research of immersive learning cases. We then discuss how the resulting description and interpretation can be leveraged to change immersion learning cases, by enriching them (considering low-effort changes or additions) or innovating (exploring more challenging avenues of transformation). The method holds significant promise to support better-grounded research in immersive learning.
EWOCS-I: The catalog of X-ray sources in Westerlund 1 from the Extended Weste...Sérgio Sacani
Context. With a mass exceeding several 104 M⊙ and a rich and dense population of massive stars, supermassive young star clusters
represent the most massive star-forming environment that is dominated by the feedback from massive stars and gravitational interactions
among stars.
Aims. In this paper we present the Extended Westerlund 1 and 2 Open Clusters Survey (EWOCS) project, which aims to investigate
the influence of the starburst environment on the formation of stars and planets, and on the evolution of both low and high mass stars.
The primary targets of this project are Westerlund 1 and 2, the closest supermassive star clusters to the Sun.
Methods. The project is based primarily on recent observations conducted with the Chandra and JWST observatories. Specifically,
the Chandra survey of Westerlund 1 consists of 36 new ACIS-I observations, nearly co-pointed, for a total exposure time of 1 Msec.
Additionally, we included 8 archival Chandra/ACIS-S observations. This paper presents the resulting catalog of X-ray sources within
and around Westerlund 1. Sources were detected by combining various existing methods, and photon extraction and source validation
were carried out using the ACIS-Extract software.
Results. The EWOCS X-ray catalog comprises 5963 validated sources out of the 9420 initially provided to ACIS-Extract, reaching a
photon flux threshold of approximately 2 × 10−8 photons cm−2
s
−1
. The X-ray sources exhibit a highly concentrated spatial distribution,
with 1075 sources located within the central 1 arcmin. We have successfully detected X-ray emissions from 126 out of the 166 known
massive stars of the cluster, and we have collected over 71 000 photons from the magnetar CXO J164710.20-455217.
Unlocking the mysteries of reproduction: Exploring fecundity and gonadosomati...AbdullaAlAsif1
The pygmy halfbeak Dermogenys colletei, is known for its viviparous nature, this presents an intriguing case of relatively low fecundity, raising questions about potential compensatory reproductive strategies employed by this species. Our study delves into the examination of fecundity and the Gonadosomatic Index (GSI) in the Pygmy Halfbeak, D. colletei (Meisner, 2001), an intriguing viviparous fish indigenous to Sarawak, Borneo. We hypothesize that the Pygmy halfbeak, D. colletei, may exhibit unique reproductive adaptations to offset its low fecundity, thus enhancing its survival and fitness. To address this, we conducted a comprehensive study utilizing 28 mature female specimens of D. colletei, carefully measuring fecundity and GSI to shed light on the reproductive adaptations of this species. Our findings reveal that D. colletei indeed exhibits low fecundity, with a mean of 16.76 ± 2.01, and a mean GSI of 12.83 ± 1.27, providing crucial insights into the reproductive mechanisms at play in this species. These results underscore the existence of unique reproductive strategies in D. colletei, enabling its adaptation and persistence in Borneo's diverse aquatic ecosystems, and call for further ecological research to elucidate these mechanisms. This study lends to a better understanding of viviparous fish in Borneo and contributes to the broader field of aquatic ecology, enhancing our knowledge of species adaptations to unique ecological challenges.
Or: Beyond linear.
Abstract: Equivariant neural networks are neural networks that incorporate symmetries. The nonlinear activation functions in these networks result in interesting nonlinear equivariant maps between simple representations, and motivate the key player of this talk: piecewise linear representation theory.
Disclaimer: No one is perfect, so please mind that there might be mistakes and typos.
dtubbenhauer@gmail.com
Corrected slides: dtubbenhauer.com/talks.html
Remote Sensing and Computational, Evolutionary, Supercomputing, and Intellige...University of Maribor
Slides from talk:
Aleš Zamuda: Remote Sensing and Computational, Evolutionary, Supercomputing, and Intelligent Systems.
11th International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering (IcETRAN), Niš, 3-6 June 2024
Inter-Society Networking Panel GRSS/MTT-S/CIS Panel Session: Promoting Connection and Cooperation
https://www.etran.rs/2024/en/home-english/
When I was asked to give a companion lecture in support of ‘The Philosophy of Science’ (https://shorturl.at/4pUXz) I decided not to walk through the detail of the many methodologies in order of use. Instead, I chose to employ a long standing, and ongoing, scientific development as an exemplar. And so, I chose the ever evolving story of Thermodynamics as a scientific investigation at its best.
Conducted over a period of >200 years, Thermodynamics R&D, and application, benefitted from the highest levels of professionalism, collaboration, and technical thoroughness. New layers of application, methodology, and practice were made possible by the progressive advance of technology. In turn, this has seen measurement and modelling accuracy continually improved at a micro and macro level.
Perhaps most importantly, Thermodynamics rapidly became a primary tool in the advance of applied science/engineering/technology, spanning micro-tech, to aerospace and cosmology. I can think of no better a story to illustrate the breadth of scientific methodologies and applications at their best.
ESR spectroscopy in liquid food and beverages.pptxPRIYANKA PATEL
With increasing population, people need to rely on packaged food stuffs. Packaging of food materials requires the preservation of food. There are various methods for the treatment of food to preserve them and irradiation treatment of food is one of them. It is the most common and the most harmless method for the food preservation as it does not alter the necessary micronutrients of food materials. Although irradiated food doesn’t cause any harm to the human health but still the quality assessment of food is required to provide consumers with necessary information about the food. ESR spectroscopy is the most sophisticated way to investigate the quality of the food and the free radicals induced during the processing of the food. ESR spin trapping technique is useful for the detection of highly unstable radicals in the food. The antioxidant capability of liquid food and beverages in mainly performed by spin trapping technique.
ESPP presentation to EU Waste Water Network, 4th June 2024 “EU policies driving nutrient removal and recycling
and the revised UWWTD (Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive)”