This document discusses the key concepts of research including what research is, the need for research, purposes of research, categories and types of research, and the basic process. Research is defined as a systematic investigation to gain knowledge or information. It is needed when there are gaps in existing knowledge about a subject. The purpose is to provide recommendations or suggestions based on findings. Research can be applied across many areas and disciplines. There are two main categories - research that helps with planning or decision making, and research that helps with system design. Types of research are classified by whether they are descriptive or analytical, applied or fundamental, quantitative or qualitative, and conceptual or empirical. Characteristics include the means of obtaining unbiased information, the researcher's skills