obe gyne

1. By
Dr Omaima Anan
MBBS, MD, MRCOG

2. Terminology
Pregnancy: it is the time period from conception till
delivery of baby
It is the time during which growth and development of
fetus takes place in maternal body.

3. Calculation of pregnancy age
 It is called the gestational age (GA) & it is calculated in
weeks
 Calculation is made from the Last Menstrual Period (LMP)
by adding 9 month and 7 days to the date of the LMP.
 The total duration of pregnancy is 40 weeks
 Estimation of GA is best done by U/S during the first
trimester and up to 20 weeks

4. Early pregnancy: from conception till 24 wks
Late pregnancy : 24 wks till delivery
Also divided into trimesters: first, second & third:
13,13, & 14 wks (different in different books)

5. Pregnancy maturity
 Term pregnancy: 37 -42 wks, average is 40 wks
 Preterm pregnancy: 24 -36.6 wks
 Post term pregnancy: beyond 42 wks
 Post date pregnancy: beyond 40 wks
 Antepartum : time period before delivery (antenatal)
 Intrapartum: during delivery.
 Postpartum: after delivery (post natal)
 Puerperium : 6 weeks after delivery

6. Pregnancy location
Intrauterine pregnancy: fetus developing inside
uterus.
Extra-uterine pregnancy :fetus developing out side
uterine cavity usually called ectopic pregnancy

7. Pregnancy loss
Miscarriage : it is loss of pregnancy before 24
completed wks .
Early miscarriage : pregnancy loss before 13 wks.
Late miscarriage : 13 to 24 wks
Pregnancy loss after 24 wks is called intrauterine fetal
death (after delivery called still birth)

8. Number of pregnancies
 Pregnant lady: Gravida
 Pregnant for the first time : primigravida
 Lady after delivery: para
 Gravidity: number of pregnancies
 Parity: number of deliveries after 24 weeks
 Having one delivery and less than 5 deliveries: parous
 5 deliveries and more: grand multipara
 Pregnancies lost before 24 weeks (miscarriage, ectopic
& molar pregnancies): (+)

9. Miscarriage is different from
abortion
 Example: if a lady has 5 pregnancies, delivered 1 alive
at term and one at 35 weeks, one stillbirth at term one
miscarriage at 12 weeks and now she is pregnant.
 You write it: G 5 P3+1
 You read it gravida 5 para 3 plus one

10. Symtoms of pregnancy
 Amenorrhoea.
 Morning sickness.
 Nausea ,vomiting,heart burn, salivation,
 Breast tenderness .
 Syncopal attacks.
 Palpitations.
 Fast pulse and low blood pressure

11. Diagnosis of pregnancy
History and examination
Urine pregnancy test. (false +ve & false -ve)
Serum betaHCG estimation.
Ultrasound evaluation, usually transvaginal, to show
the gestational sac or heart beat… (the most accurate)