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Nuclear Energy
Nuclear Fission
• Nuclear fission is the
process of splitting a
nucleus into two nuclei
with smaller masses.
• Fission means “to
divide”
• Remember that fission
has 2 s’s, therefore it
splits into TWO parts.
Fission cont.
• Only large nuclei with
atomic numbers above
90 can undergo fission.
• Products of fission
reaction usually include
two or three individual
neutrons, the total
mass of the product is
somewhat less than
the mass of Uranium-
235.
Chain Reaction
• A chain reaction is an
ongoing series of
fission reactions.
Billions of reactions
occur each second in a
chain reaction.
Chain Reaction cont.
• On earth, nuclear
fission reactions take
place in nuclear
reactors, which use
controlled chain
reactions to generate
electricity.
Chain Reaction cont.
• Uncontrolled chain
reactions take place
during the explosion of
an atomic bomb.
Fission Products
• The products of nuclear
fission reactions are
radioactive, but the energy
released from these
reactions is less harmful to
the environment than the
use of fossil fuels.
• The products are intensely
radioactive and must be
treated and/or stored.
Nuclear Fusion
• Nuclear fusion is the
combining of two nuclei
with low masses to
form one nucleus of
larger mass.
• Nuclear fusion
reactions are also
called thermonuclear
reactions.
Nuclear Fusion cont.
• Fusion reactions exist in
stars.
• Our sun is a good example
of a thermonuclear (fusion)
reaction.
• It is almost impossible to
create fusion reactions on
earth since they need
temperatures above one
million degrees Celsius in
order to take place.
Nuclear Fusion cont.
• Nuclear fusion
produces less nuclear
waste than nuclear
fission and the
materials are easier to
obtain.

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0708_nuclear_energy.ppt

  • 2. Nuclear Fission • Nuclear fission is the process of splitting a nucleus into two nuclei with smaller masses. • Fission means “to divide” • Remember that fission has 2 s’s, therefore it splits into TWO parts.
  • 3. Fission cont. • Only large nuclei with atomic numbers above 90 can undergo fission. • Products of fission reaction usually include two or three individual neutrons, the total mass of the product is somewhat less than the mass of Uranium- 235.
  • 4. Chain Reaction • A chain reaction is an ongoing series of fission reactions. Billions of reactions occur each second in a chain reaction.
  • 5. Chain Reaction cont. • On earth, nuclear fission reactions take place in nuclear reactors, which use controlled chain reactions to generate electricity.
  • 6. Chain Reaction cont. • Uncontrolled chain reactions take place during the explosion of an atomic bomb.
  • 7. Fission Products • The products of nuclear fission reactions are radioactive, but the energy released from these reactions is less harmful to the environment than the use of fossil fuels. • The products are intensely radioactive and must be treated and/or stored.
  • 8. Nuclear Fusion • Nuclear fusion is the combining of two nuclei with low masses to form one nucleus of larger mass. • Nuclear fusion reactions are also called thermonuclear reactions.
  • 9. Nuclear Fusion cont. • Fusion reactions exist in stars. • Our sun is a good example of a thermonuclear (fusion) reaction. • It is almost impossible to create fusion reactions on earth since they need temperatures above one million degrees Celsius in order to take place.
  • 10. Nuclear Fusion cont. • Nuclear fusion produces less nuclear waste than nuclear fission and the materials are easier to obtain.