Mireille Bousquet-Mélou (LABRI, CNRS)
The Number of Inversions After n Adjacent Transpositions
Algorithms & Permutations 2012, Paris. http://igm.univ-mlv.fr/AlgoB/algoperm2012/
This Book is written by Ameer e Ahle Sunnat Hazrat Allama Maulana Ilyas Attar Qadri Razavi Ziaee.
This book include to the very Good knowledge About Islam.
Like & Share Official Page of Maulana Ilyas Qadri
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Este documento describe un proyecto. En pocas palabras, el proyecto tiene como objetivo mejorar la eficiencia energética de los edificios mediante el uso de nuevas tecnologías de aislamiento y sistemas de gestión de energía. El proyecto se llevará a cabo durante los próximos dos años y se espera que reduzca el consumo de energía de los edificios participantes en al menos un 20%.
The document provides lesson material on indefinite pronouns. It defines indefinite pronouns as pronouns that do not refer to specific people, places, things or ideas. It categorizes indefinite pronouns as singular, plural, or singular/plural and provides examples of each. It discusses using singular or plural personal pronouns to agree with singular or plural indefinite pronoun antecedents. An exercise at the end tests choosing the correct personal pronoun to agree with indefinite pronoun antecedents in several sentences. An indefinite pronoun chart is also included.
This paper surveys uniformly integrable sequences of random variables. Several conditions for uniform integrability are studied, including Cesaro uniform integrability. The paper establishes new conditions to generalize previous results. It also examines the links between uniform integrability and pointwise convergence of a class of polynomial functions defined on a unit interval based on independent Bernoulli trials. The polynomials arise in statistical density estimation and the results complement previous work. Uniform integrability plays a key role in establishing weak laws of large numbers and convergence of martingales.
The document discusses several key Christian concepts that are present in the play Doctor Faustus, including sin, redemption, damnation, good and evil portrayed through angels, and salvation from sin. It also lists the seven deadly sins of pride, envy, gluttony, lust, anger, greed, and sloth. The concept of temptation is also mentioned. The document was written by Payal Patel as part of a class assignment and thanks the reader.
This document discusses criteria for properly identifying and calculating cash flows for valuation using discounted cash flow analysis. It emphasizes that cash flows, not accounting income, should be used. An example compares NPV using cash flows versus accounting income to show the difference. The document also discusses factors like incremental cash flows, sunk costs, opportunity costs, working capital, inflation, and methods for calculating total cash flow from capital investments, working capital, and operations.
The document discusses the "pancake flipping problem" which involves rearranging a stack of pancakes of different sizes into a pyramidal stack with the fewest number of flips using a spatula. It presents this problem as analogous to problems in formal mathematics and biology, establishes that solving it is NP-complete, and provides details on known bounds and efficient flipping strategies as well as proposed "gadgets" to model the problem through a reduction from 3-SAT.
The document discusses comparing genomes through permutations. It begins by introducing genomes and how they can be represented as signed permutations if they only differ by gene order. It then discusses two main ways of comparing genomes: by identifying common segments and by measuring evolutionary distances. The remainder of the talk will overview problems related to comparing signed and unsigned permutations, counting problems, reconstructing evolution, and open questions.
The document discusses various topics related to sorting networks and their connections to mathematical structures:
1) It describes primitive sorting networks and their representation as pseudoline arrangements, along with properties of the contact graph and the graph of possible flips between arrangements.
2) It discusses relationships between point sets, minimal sorting networks, and oriented matroids.
3) It covers triangulations, their representation as alternating sorting networks and pseudoline arrangements, and how the brick polytope of these networks gives associahedra.
4) Other topics mentioned include pseudotriangulations, multitriangulations, and how duplicated networks relate to permutahedra.
Jean Cardinal (Computer Science Department, Université Libre de Bruxelles)
Sorting and a Tale of Two Polytopes
Algorithms & Permutations 2012, Paris.
http://igm.univ-mlv.fr/AlgoB/algoperm2012/
The document summarizes Christophe Paul's work on algorithms for modular decomposition. It discusses Ehrenfeucht et al's modular decomposition algorithm which computes the modular partition M(G,v) of a graph G with respect to a vertex v. It then computes the modular decomposition of the quotient graph G/M(G,v) and the induced subgraphs G[X] for each module X in M(G,v). The document also discusses Gallai's theorem on the decomposition of graphs into parallel, series, or prime modules and algorithms for recognizing cographs and computing the modular decomposition tree.
This Book is written by Ameer e Ahle Sunnat Hazrat Allama Maulana Ilyas Attar Qadri Razavi Ziaee.
This book include to the very Good knowledge About Islam.
Like & Share Official Page of Maulana Ilyas Qadri
www.facebook.com/IlyasQadriZiaee
Este documento describe un proyecto. En pocas palabras, el proyecto tiene como objetivo mejorar la eficiencia energética de los edificios mediante el uso de nuevas tecnologías de aislamiento y sistemas de gestión de energía. El proyecto se llevará a cabo durante los próximos dos años y se espera que reduzca el consumo de energía de los edificios participantes en al menos un 20%.
The document provides lesson material on indefinite pronouns. It defines indefinite pronouns as pronouns that do not refer to specific people, places, things or ideas. It categorizes indefinite pronouns as singular, plural, or singular/plural and provides examples of each. It discusses using singular or plural personal pronouns to agree with singular or plural indefinite pronoun antecedents. An exercise at the end tests choosing the correct personal pronoun to agree with indefinite pronoun antecedents in several sentences. An indefinite pronoun chart is also included.
This paper surveys uniformly integrable sequences of random variables. Several conditions for uniform integrability are studied, including Cesaro uniform integrability. The paper establishes new conditions to generalize previous results. It also examines the links between uniform integrability and pointwise convergence of a class of polynomial functions defined on a unit interval based on independent Bernoulli trials. The polynomials arise in statistical density estimation and the results complement previous work. Uniform integrability plays a key role in establishing weak laws of large numbers and convergence of martingales.
The document discusses several key Christian concepts that are present in the play Doctor Faustus, including sin, redemption, damnation, good and evil portrayed through angels, and salvation from sin. It also lists the seven deadly sins of pride, envy, gluttony, lust, anger, greed, and sloth. The concept of temptation is also mentioned. The document was written by Payal Patel as part of a class assignment and thanks the reader.
This document discusses criteria for properly identifying and calculating cash flows for valuation using discounted cash flow analysis. It emphasizes that cash flows, not accounting income, should be used. An example compares NPV using cash flows versus accounting income to show the difference. The document also discusses factors like incremental cash flows, sunk costs, opportunity costs, working capital, inflation, and methods for calculating total cash flow from capital investments, working capital, and operations.
The document discusses the "pancake flipping problem" which involves rearranging a stack of pancakes of different sizes into a pyramidal stack with the fewest number of flips using a spatula. It presents this problem as analogous to problems in formal mathematics and biology, establishes that solving it is NP-complete, and provides details on known bounds and efficient flipping strategies as well as proposed "gadgets" to model the problem through a reduction from 3-SAT.
The document discusses comparing genomes through permutations. It begins by introducing genomes and how they can be represented as signed permutations if they only differ by gene order. It then discusses two main ways of comparing genomes: by identifying common segments and by measuring evolutionary distances. The remainder of the talk will overview problems related to comparing signed and unsigned permutations, counting problems, reconstructing evolution, and open questions.
The document discusses various topics related to sorting networks and their connections to mathematical structures:
1) It describes primitive sorting networks and their representation as pseudoline arrangements, along with properties of the contact graph and the graph of possible flips between arrangements.
2) It discusses relationships between point sets, minimal sorting networks, and oriented matroids.
3) It covers triangulations, their representation as alternating sorting networks and pseudoline arrangements, and how the brick polytope of these networks gives associahedra.
4) Other topics mentioned include pseudotriangulations, multitriangulations, and how duplicated networks relate to permutahedra.
Jean Cardinal (Computer Science Department, Université Libre de Bruxelles)
Sorting and a Tale of Two Polytopes
Algorithms & Permutations 2012, Paris.
http://igm.univ-mlv.fr/AlgoB/algoperm2012/
The document summarizes Christophe Paul's work on algorithms for modular decomposition. It discusses Ehrenfeucht et al's modular decomposition algorithm which computes the modular partition M(G,v) of a graph G with respect to a vertex v. It then computes the modular decomposition of the quotient graph G/M(G,v) and the induced subgraphs G[X] for each module X in M(G,v). The document also discusses Gallai's theorem on the decomposition of graphs into parallel, series, or prime modules and algorithms for recognizing cographs and computing the modular decomposition tree.
Olivier Hudry (INFRES-MIC2 Télécom ParisTech)
A Branch and Bound Algorithm to Compute a Median Permutation
Algorithms & Permutations 2012, Paris.
http://igm.univ-mlv.fr/AlgoB/algoperm2012/
This document discusses rank aggregation and Kemeny voting. It provides examples of how rankings from different criteria can be aggregated into a consensus ranking. The Kemeny score aims to determine a ranking that minimizes the total number of disagreements with the input rankings. Finding such a ranking is NP-hard, but fixed-parameter tractable when parameterized by various measures like the number of candidates or scores. The document outlines several relevant results on the parameterized complexity of the Kemeny score problem.
26. ÓÖÑÙÐ ÓÖ Ø ÜÔ
Ø ÒÚ Ö× ÓÒ ÒÙÑ Ö
Ì ÓÖ Ñ Ì ÜÔ
Ø ÒÙÑ Ö Ó ÒÚ Ö× ÓÒ× Ø Ö n
ÒØ ØÖ Ò×ÔÓ× Ø ÓÒ×
Ò Sd+1 ×
d (c + c )2
d(d + 1) 1 j k
Id,n = − xjk n,
4 8(d + 1)2 k,j=0 s2s2
j k
Û Ö
(2k + 1)π
ck = cos αk , sk = sin αk , αk = ,
2d + 2
Ò
4
xjk = 1 − (1 − cj ck ).
d
27. Ï Ö Ö Ø ÒÚ Ö× ÓÒ× Ö ××ÓÒ Ø Ðº ¼¼℄
(n)
ÓÖ i ≤ j ¸ Ð Ø pi,j Ø ÔÖÓ Ð ØÝ Ø Ø Ø Ö × Ò ÒÚ Ö× ÓÒ Ø ØÑ n Ò Ø
ÔÓ× Ø ÓÒ× i Ò j + 1
(n) (n) (n)
pi,j = P(πi > πj+1).
• Ì ÜÔ
Ø ÒÙÑ Ö Ó ÒÚ Ö× ÓÒ× Ø ØÑ n ×
(n)
Id,n = pi,j .
0≤i≤j<d
28. Ï Ö Ö Ø ÒÚ Ö× ÓÒ× Ö ××ÓÒ Ø Ðº ¼¼℄
(n)
ÓÖ i ≤ j ¸ Ð Ø pi,j Ø ÔÖÓ Ð ØÝ Ø Ø Ø Ö × Ò ÒÚ Ö× ÓÒ Ø ØÑ n Ò Ø
ÔÓ× Ø ÓÒ× i Ò j + 1
(n) (n) (n)
pi,j = P(πi > πj+1).
(n)
• Ì ÒÙÑ Ö× pi,j
Ò ×
Ö Ö
ÙÖ× Ú ÐÝ Ý Ü ÑÒÒ Û Ö Û Ö Ø
(n) (n)
Ú ÐÙ × πi Ò πj+1 Ø Ø Ñ n − 1º
29. Ï Ö Ö Ø ÒÚ Ö× ÓÒ× Ö ××ÓÒ Ø Ðº ¼¼℄
(n)
ÓÖ i ≤ j ¸ Ð Ø pi,j Ø ÔÖÓ Ð ØÝ Ø Ø Ø Ö × Ò ÒÚ Ö× ÓÒ Ø ØÑ n Ò Ø
ÔÓ× Ø ÓÒ× i Ò j + 1
(n) (n) (n)
pi,j = P(πi > πj+1).
(n)
• Ì ÒÙÑ Ö× pi,j
Ò ×
Ö Ö
ÙÖ× Ú ÐÝ Ý Ü ÑÒÒ Û Ö Û Ö Ø
(n) (n)
Ú ÐÙ × πi Ò πj+1 Ø Ø Ñ n − 1º ÓÖ Ò×Ø Ò
Á i=j Ò Ø nØ ØÖ Ò×ÔÓ× Ø ÓÒ × ×Û Ø
Ø iØ Ò i + 1×Ø Ú ÐÙ ×
(n−1) 1
1 − pi,j
d
Ø
º
30. Ö
ÙÖ× ÓÒ ÓÖ Ø ÒÚ Ö× ÓÒ ÔÖÓ ÐØ ×
(n)
Ä ÑÑ º Ì ÒÚ Ö× ÓÒ ÔÖÓ ÐØ × pi,j Ö
Ö
Ø Ö Þ Ý
(0)
pi,j = 0 ÓÖ 0 ≤ i ≤ j < d,
Ò ÓÖ n ≥ 0¸
(n+1) (n) 1 (n) (n) δi,j (n)
pi,j = pi,j + pk,ℓ − pi,j + 1 − 2pi,j ,
d (k,ℓ)↔(i,j)
d
Û Ö δi,j = 1 i=j Ò 0 ÓØ ÖÛ × ¸ Ò Ø Ò ÓÙÖ Ö Ð Ø ÓÒ× ↔ Ö Ø Ó×
Ó Ø ÓÐÐÓÛ Ò Ö Ô
(d − 1)
½
¼ ½ (d − 1)
´Û Ø µ Û Ð Ò ØÖ Ò Ð º
31. ÙÒ
Ø ÓÒ Ð ÕÙ Ø ÓÒ ÓÖ Ø Ó Ø ÒÚ Ö× ÓÒ ÔÖÓ ÐØ ×
(n)
Ä Ø P (t; u, v µ Ø Ò Ö ØÒ ÙÒ
Ø ÓÒ Ó Ø ÒÙÑ Ö× pi,j
(n)
P (t; u, v) ≡ P (u, v) := tn pi,j uiv j .
n≥0 0≤i≤j<d
32. ÙÒ
Ø ÓÒ Ð ÕÙ Ø ÓÒ ÓÖ Ø Ó Ø ÒÚ Ö× ÓÒ ÔÖÓ ÐØ ×
(n)
Ä Ø P (t; u, v µ Ø Ò Ö ØÒ ÙÒ
Ø ÓÒ Ó Ø ÒÙÑ Ö× pi,j
(n)
P (t; u, v) ≡ P (u, v) := tn pi,j uiv j .
n≥0 0≤i≤j<d
Ì ÓÚ Ö
ÙÖ× ÓÒ ØÖ Ò×Ð Ø × ×
t
1 − t + (4 − u − u − v − ¯) P (u, v) =
¯ v
d
t 1 − ud v d
− (¯ − 1)Pℓ (v) − (v − 1)v d−1Pt(u) − (u + ¯)Pδ (uv) ,
u v
d (1 − uv)(1 − t)
(n)
Û Ö u = 1/u¸ ¯ = 1/v ¸ Ò Ø
¯ v × Ö × Pℓ ¸ Pt Ò Pδ ×
Ö Ø ÒÙÑ Ö× pi,j
ÓÒ Ø ÓÙÒ Ö × Ó Ø Ö Ô
j Pt ´ØÓÔµ
Pℓ ´Ð ص Pδ ´ ºµ
Pℓ (v) ≡ Pℓ (t; v) = P (t; 0; v)
i
33. ØÓ Ø ÒÚ Ö× ÓÒ ÒÙÑ Ö
Ï Ö ÒØ Ö ×Ø Ò
Im(t) = Id,ntn = P (t; 1, 1),
n≥0
Û
¸
ÓÖ Ò ØÓ Ø ÙÒ
Ø ÓÒ Ð ÕÙ Ø ÓÒ¸ Ñ Ý Ö ÛÖ ØØ Ò
t 2tPδ (1)
Im(t) = 2
− .
(1 − t) d(1 − t)
⊳ ⊳ ⋄ ⊲ ⊲
(n)
P (t; u, v) ≡ P (u, v) := tn pi,j uiv j .
n≥0 0≤i≤j<d
t
1 − t + (4 − u − u − v − ¯) P (u, v) =
¯ v
d
t 1 − ud v d
− (¯ − 1)Pℓ (v) − (v − 1)v d−1Pt(u) − (u + ¯)Pδ (uv) ,
u v
d (1 − uv)(1 − t)
34. t
1 − t + (4 − u − u − v − ¯) P (u, v) =
¯ v
d
t 1 − ud v d
− (¯ − 1)Pℓ(v) − (v − 1)v d−1Pt(u) − (u + ¯)Pδ (uv)
u v
d (1 − uv)(1 − t)
35. Ï Ø ÙØ ÙÐ ÕÙ Ø ÓÒ
t
1 − t + (4 − u − u − v − ¯) P (u, v) =
¯ v
d
t 1 − ud v d
− (¯ − 1)Pℓ(v) − (v − 1)v d−1Pt(u) − (u + ¯)Pδ (uv)
u v
d (1 − uv)(1 − t)
Ò ÐÓ × ÛØ
d
• Ï Ð × ÛØ ×Ø Ô× ±1 Ò ×ØÖ Ô Ó Ø d
¾
½
(1 − t(u + u))P (u) = 1 − t¯P0 − tud+1Pd
¯ u
¼
• Ï Ð × Ò Ø ÕÙ ÖØ Ö ÔÐ Ò
(1 − t(u + u + v + ¯))P (u, v) =
¯ v
1 − t¯P (0, v) − t¯P (u, 0)
u v
• Ò ÓØ Ö׺ºº
36. Ì Ò Ö ÒØ× Ó Ø ×ÓÐÙØ ÓÒ
t
1 − t + (4 − u − u − v − ¯) P (u, v) =
¯ v
d
t 1 − ud v d
− (¯ − 1)Pℓ(v) − (v − 1)v d−1Pt(u) − (u + ¯)Pδ (uv)
u v
d (1 − uv)(1 − t)
• Ò
Ð Ø ÖÒ Ð t
1 − t + d (4 − u − u − v − ¯)
¯ v Ý
ÓÙÔÐ Ò u Ò v
37. Ì Ò Ö ÒØ× Ó Ø ×ÓÐÙØ ÓÒ
t
1 − t + (4 − u − u − v − ¯) P (u, v) =
¯ v
d
t 1 − ud v d
− (¯ − 1)Pℓ(v) − (v − 1)v d−1Pt(u) − (u + ¯)Pδ (uv)
u v
d (1 − uv)(1 − t)
• Ò
Ð Ø ÖÒ Ð t
1 − t + d (4 − u − u − v − ¯)
¯ v Ý
ÓÙÔÐ Ò u Ò v
• ÜÔÐÓ Ø Ø ×ÝÑÑ ØÖ × Ó Ø × ÖÒ Ð¸ Û
× ÒÚ Ö ÒØ Ý (u, v) → (¯, v)
u
(u, v) → (u, ¯)¸ (u, v) → (¯, ¯) ´Ø
v u v Ö
Ø ÓÒ ÔÖ Ò
ÔÐ µ
38. Ì Ò Ö ÒØ× Ó Ø ×ÓÐÙØ ÓÒ
t
1 − t + (4 − u − u − v − ¯) P (u, v) =
¯ v
d
t 1 − ud v d
− (¯ − 1)Pℓ(v) − (v − 1)v d−1Pt(u) − (u + ¯)Pδ (uv)
u v
d (1 − uv)(1 − t)
• Ò
Ð Ø ÖÒ Ð t
1 − t + d (4 − u − u − v − ¯)
¯ v Ý
ÓÙÔÐ Ò u Ò v
• ÜÔÐÓ Ø Ø ×ÝÑÑ ØÖ × Ó Ø × ÖÒ Ð¸ Û
× ÒÚ Ö ÒØ Ý (u, v) → (¯, v)
u
(u, v) → (u, ¯)¸ (u, v) → (¯, ¯) ´Ø
v u v Ö
Ø ÓÒ ÔÖ Ò
ÔÐ µ
• ÈÐÙ× ÓÒ ÑÓÖ
ÓÙÔÐ Ò ØÛ Ò u Ò vº
39. Ì Ò Ö ÒØ× Ó Ø ×ÓÐÙØ ÓÒ
t
1 − t + (4 − u − u − v − ¯) P (u, v) =
¯ v
d
t 1 − ud v d
− (¯ − 1)Pℓ(v) − (v − 1)v d−1Pt(u) − (u + ¯)Pδ (uv)
u v
d (1 − uv)(1 − t)
• Ò
Ð Ø ÖÒ Ð t
1 − t + d (4 − u − u − v − ¯)
¯ v Ý
ÓÙÔÐ Ò u Ò v
• ÜÔÐÓ Ø Ø ×ÝÑÑ ØÖ × Ó Ø × ÖÒ Ð¸ Û
× ÒÚ Ö ÒØ Ý (u, v) → (¯, v)
u
(u, v) → (u, ¯)¸ (u, v) → (¯, ¯) ´Ø
v u v Ö
Ø ÓÒ ÔÖ Ò
ÔÐ µ
• ÈÐÙ× ÓÒ ÑÓÖ
ÓÙÔÐ Ò ØÛ Ò u Ò vº
ÇÒ Ó Ø Ò× Ò ÜÔÐ
Ø ÜÔÖ ×× ÓÒ Ó Pδ (q) Ø Ú ÖÝ q = −1 ×Ù
Ø Ø q d+1 = −1¸
Ò Ø × × ÒÓÙ ØÓ Ö
ÓÒ×ØÖÙ
Ø Ø Û ÓÐ ÔÓÐÝÒÓÑ Ð Pδ (u) ´ Ò Ò Ô ÖØ
ÙÐ Ö¸
Pδ (1)µ Ý ÒØ ÖÔÓÐ Ø ÓÒº
40. Ì Ò Ð Ö ×ÙÐØ
Ì Ò Ö ØÒ ÙÒ
Ø ÓÒ Id(t) = n ×
n≥0 Id,n t
d (c + c )2
d(d + 1) 1 j k 1
Id(t) = −
4(1 − t) 8(d + 1)2 k,j=0 s2s2
j k 1 − txjk
ÛØ
(2k + 1)π
ck = cos αk , sk = sin αk , αk = ,
2d + 2
Ò
4
xjk = 1 − (1 − cj ck ).
d
41. È Ö×Ô
Ø Ú ×
• ÇØ Ö Ò Ö ØÓÖ× ´ Ü ÐÐ ØÖ Ò×ÔÓ× Ø ÓÒ× Ë ×ØÖ Ò ½¼℄¸ ØÖ Ò×ÔÓ× Ø ÓÒ× (0, i)¸
ÐÓ
ØÖ Ò×ÔÓ× Ø ÓÒ׺ººµ
42. È Ö×Ô
Ø Ú ×
• ÇØ Ö Ò Ö ØÓÖ× ´ Ü ÐÐ ØÖ Ò×ÔÓ× Ø ÓÒ× Ë ×ØÖ Ò ½¼℄¸ ØÖ Ò×ÔÓ× Ø ÓÒ× (0, i)¸
ÐÓ
ØÖ Ò×ÔÓ× Ø ÓÒ׺ººµ
• ÇØ Ö ×Ø Ø ×Ø
× ÒÚ Ö× ÓÒ ÒÙÑ Ö → Ñ ×ÙÖ Ó Ø ×Ø Ò
ØÛ Ò Ø
ÒØ ØÝ Ò Ô ÖÑÙØ Ø ÓÒ ´ Ü Ö × Ò ² ÀÙÐØÑ Ò ¼ ℄¸ ÜÔ
Ø ØÖ Ò×ÔÓ× Ø ÓÒ
×Ø Ò
Ø Ö n ØÖ Ò×ÔÓ× Ø ÓÒ×µ
43. È Ö×Ô
Ø Ú ×
• ÇØ Ö Ò Ö ØÓÖ× ´ Ü ÐÐ ØÖ Ò×ÔÓ× Ø ÓÒ× Ë ×ØÖ Ò ½¼℄¸ ØÖ Ò×ÔÓ× Ø ÓÒ× (0, i)¸
ÐÓ
ØÖ Ò×ÔÓ× Ø ÓÒ׺ººµ
• ÇØ Ö ×Ø Ø ×Ø
× ÒÚ Ö× ÓÒ ÒÙÑ Ö → Ñ ×ÙÖ Ó Ø ×Ø Ò
ØÛ Ò Ø
ÒØ ØÝ Ò Ô ÖÑÙØ Ø ÓÒ ´ Ü Ö × Ò ² ÀÙÐØÑ Ò ¼ ℄¸ ÜÔ
Ø ØÖ Ò×ÔÓ× Ø ÓÒ
×Ø Ò
Ø Ö n ØÖ Ò×ÔÓ× Ø ÓÒ×µ
• ÇØ Ö ÖÓÙÔ× ÑÓ×ØÐݸ ÒØ ÖÖ Ù
Ð ÓÜ Ø Ö ÖÓÙÔ׸ Û Ø Ø Ð Ò Ø ×
Ø ×Ø Ò
×Ø Ø ×Ø
× ´ ÌÖÓ Ð ¼¾℄ Ø
× Ó I2(d)µº Ï Ò Ø Ò Ö ØÓÖ× Ö
ÐÐ Ö
Ø ÓÒ׸ × Ë ×ØÖ Ò ½¼℄º
44. È Ö×Ô
Ø Ú ×
• ÇØ Ö Ò Ö ØÓÖ× ´ Ü ÐÐ ØÖ Ò×ÔÓ× Ø ÓÒ× Ë ×ØÖ Ò ½¼℄¸ ØÖ Ò×ÔÓ× Ø ÓÒ× (0, i)¸
ÐÓ
ØÖ Ò×ÔÓ× Ø ÓÒ׺ººµ
• ÇØ Ö ×Ø Ø ×Ø
× ÒÚ Ö× ÓÒ ÒÙÑ Ö → Ñ ×ÙÖ Ó Ø ×Ø Ò
ØÛ Ò Ø
ÒØ ØÝ Ò Ô ÖÑÙØ Ø ÓÒ ´ Ü Ö × Ò ² ÀÙÐØÑ Ò ¼ ℄¸ ÜÔ
Ø ØÖ Ò×ÔÓ× Ø ÓÒ
×Ø Ò
Ø Ö n ØÖ Ò×ÔÓ× Ø ÓÒ×µ
• ÇØ Ö ÖÓÙÔ× ÑÓ×ØÐݸ ÒØ ÖÖ Ù
Ð ÓÜ Ø Ö ÖÓÙÔ׸ Û Ø Ø Ð Ò Ø ×
Ø ×Ø Ò
×Ø Ø ×Ø
× ´ ÌÖÓ Ð ¼¾℄ Ø
× Ó I2(d)µº Ï Ò Ø Ò Ö ØÓÖ× Ö
ÐÐ Ö
Ø ÓÒ׸ × Ë ×ØÖ Ò ½¼℄º
Ì Ò ÝÓÙ
45. ÖÓÙÒ Ø Ñ Ü Ò Ø Ñ ´×ÙÔ Ö¹
Ù
Ö Ñ µ
××ÙÑ n ∼ κd3 log dº
• Á κ < 1/π 2¸ Ø Ö Ü ×Ø× γ > 0 ×Ù
Ø Ø
d(d + 1)
Id,n ≤ − Θ(d1+γ ),
4
• Á κ > 1/π 2¸ Ø Ö Ü ×Ø× γ > 0 ×Ù
Ø Ø
d(d + 1)
Id,n = − O(d1−γ ).
4
• ÓÖ Ø
Ö Ø
Ð Ú ÐÙ κ = 1/π 2¸ Ø ÓÐÐÓÛ Ò Ö Ò ×Ø Ñ Ø ÓÐ ×
n ∼ 1/π 2d3 log d + αd3 + o(d3)¸ Ø Ò
d(d + 1) 16d −απ 2
Id,n = − 4e (1 + o(1)).
4 π