architect symbols PPT

1. Architectural (Residential) Drafting
DT 1100
Scales, Symbols: Floor Plan,
Materials in Section, and
Door/Window Symbols

3. History of the Measuring System
Royalty determined
units of measurement
King Henry I
 Yard measurement
King Edgar
 Inch measurement
King Charlemagne
 Foot measurement

4. The Architectural Scale
Measures Feet and Inches
Two types or designs of scale divisions:
 Fully Divided
 Openly Divided

5. The Architectural Scale
Makes large things small and proportionally
accurate
Common floor plan scale is 1/4” = 1’- 0”
Other proportions or measurements on the
Architectural Scale
 1/8”, 3/16”, 3/4”, 1”, 3/32”, 3/8”, 1/2”
1 1/2” and 3”
Full size measurement is the 16 scale,
meaning 16 parts of an inch equaling 1/6”.

6. The16 Scale is used for Full Size and Half
Size Measurements

7. Size Determination of a Scale
Example: ½’ = 1’-0”
Reduce each side of the equation to same units
and compare
 ½” = 1’-0”
 ½” = 12”
 ½”/(½”) = 12” / (½”)
 1 = 24 therefore scale size is 1/24

8. Sizes Compared to Scales
1/8” = 1/96 size, 1/4” = 1/48 size
3/32” = 1/128 size, 3/16” = 1/64 size

9. Writing the Actual
Measurement
Feet and Inch/fractions: 6’-7 1/2”
Even feet no inches: 4’- 0”
Feet and zero inches/fractions: 8’- 0 3/4”
No feet only inches: 10”
No feet only inches/fractions: 5 1/2”
Only fractions of an inch: 3/4”

11. Architectural
Symbols
Architectura
Materias in
Section, Door
and Window
Symbos, and
Foor Pan

12. Usually not in color

13. Material Symbols in Section
Used to represent construction material when sliced
or cut by cutting plane
The type of symbols used depends on the the scale
of the drawing
Symbols may vary with each office. Common
material symbols designations have been derived
by:1) Committee on Office Practice (AIA), 2)Task
Force on Production Office Procedures North
California Chapter AIA, 3)pamphlets, 4)manufacture
literature, 5)textbooks, and 6)government agencies

14. Material Symbols in Section

15. Other Material Symbols
A. Wood frame wall
B. Small scale masonry
C. Large scale double
wythe brick wall
D. Concrete masonry
E. Steel tube
F. Steel S or W shape
G. Poured concrete
H. Batt Insulation
J. Rigid insulation
K. Small scale plywood
L. Large scale plywood
M. Soil/Earth
N. Gravel

16. Other Material Symbols
P. Wood and timbers
in end view
Q. Small scale steel in
section
R. Large scale steel in
section
S. Laminated timbers
in end view
U. TJI side and end
V. Open-web trusses

17. Interior Door/Window Symbols
For Interior doors there is no threshold at door way
Cross lines at door swing and door intersection
Length of door on plan represents actual door size

18. Exterior Door/Window Symbols
Threshold is shown on all exterior door symbols
Outside

19. Drawing the Door Symbol

20. Floor Plan Symbols
Pouche’ or Poche’ is a tone added to the walls to help
them stand out on the plan. Options are:
 Straight line poche
 Freehand curved line poche
 Leave walls blank
Do
This
One
Poche’ added to Wall

21. Floor Plan Symbols
Profile line added to accent outside of wall
Use .9 mm pencil, usually done at the last so
graphite will not smear
Add Profile Line

22. Floor Plan Symbols
Other material symbols are also used along with the
poche’, for example: brick and/or concrete
Brick Added to Frame

24. Symbol Exercise Handout
BATT
(LARGE SCALE)

25. Example of Exercise
CONC BLK
RUBBLE

26. Lab Time to Work on
Assignments