Presentation by Ive Marx (*/**) and Sarah Marchal (*) [(*) Centre for Social Policy, University of Antwerp (**) IZA, Bonn] on the occasion of the EESC hearing on European minimum income and poverty indicators (Brussels, 28 May 2013)
Jurgen de Wispelaere (Tampereen yliopisto): Game On! Is Basic Income Experiencing a Global Window of Opportunity? Esitys seminaarissa "Perustulo globaalissa maailmassa" 13.4.2016 Helsinki, Kelan päätalo. / Presentation in the seminar "Basic income in a global world" held in Helsinki 13 April 2016. More info: http://www.kela.fi/perustulo-globaalissa-maailmassa
Olli Kangas: Can Universal Basic Income solve future Income Security Challenges? Some tentative answers from the Finnish Basic Income (BI) experiment. Presentation at 5th Conference of the Regulating for Decent Work Network, Geneva, 4.7.2017.
ETT Jonathan Chaloff jmc Riga 11 5-15 Macro-Economic Aspects of Peoples Mob...euromonde
Macro Economic Aspects Of People's Mobility
Mr. Jonathan Chaloff, Administrator, International Migration Division,
Directorate for Employment, Labour and Social Affairs, OECD
http://euromonde.eu
Ville-Veikko Pulkka. From idea to experiment. Notes on the Finnish basic income experiment study. Presentation at The 6th International Conference Well-being in the Information Society (WIS). Tampere 17.9.2016.
Jurgen de Wispelaere (Tampereen yliopisto): Game On! Is Basic Income Experiencing a Global Window of Opportunity? Esitys seminaarissa "Perustulo globaalissa maailmassa" 13.4.2016 Helsinki, Kelan päätalo. / Presentation in the seminar "Basic income in a global world" held in Helsinki 13 April 2016. More info: http://www.kela.fi/perustulo-globaalissa-maailmassa
Olli Kangas: Can Universal Basic Income solve future Income Security Challenges? Some tentative answers from the Finnish Basic Income (BI) experiment. Presentation at 5th Conference of the Regulating for Decent Work Network, Geneva, 4.7.2017.
ETT Jonathan Chaloff jmc Riga 11 5-15 Macro-Economic Aspects of Peoples Mob...euromonde
Macro Economic Aspects Of People's Mobility
Mr. Jonathan Chaloff, Administrator, International Migration Division,
Directorate for Employment, Labour and Social Affairs, OECD
http://euromonde.eu
Ville-Veikko Pulkka. From idea to experiment. Notes on the Finnish basic income experiment study. Presentation at The 6th International Conference Well-being in the Information Society (WIS). Tampere 17.9.2016.
Kotamäki M, Mattila J, Tervola J. Turning static pessimism to dynamic optimism. An ex-ante evaluation of unemployment insurance reform in Finland. Working papers 124, Kela. http://hdl.handle.net/10138/212599
ETTW - Ylva Tivéus, presentation Social, Cultural and Perception Aspects of M...euromonde
Mrs. Ylva Tivéus, Member of Board, Europeans Throughout The World
Social, Cultural and Perception Aspects of MObility
A European Year for Mobile Citizens
http://euromonde.eu
Basic Income and People with Learning DifficultiesCitizen Network
Simon Duffy talked to members of Learning Disability England (LDE) about basic income and basic income plus (UBI+). These slides explain the key ideas and open up a discussion about the value of basic income to people with learning difficulties.
A preliminary assessment of the financial feasibility of basic income emily...Emily Van de Walle
The financial feasibility of unconditionally granting every citizen an equal fixed monthly income, known as basic income, is taken into scrutiny in this dissertation. This is achieved by a static cost estimation of a wide variety of basic income proposals as well as an assessment of the cost savings on the social security system that may be achieved through the introduction of basic income.
As per recommendation by my promoter, prof. dr. Erreygers, I am currently working on an article that is based on the findings of my master's thesis with the objective of having the article published in an economic scientific journal.
Minna Ylikännö: Ubi and ongoing social security reform. Presentation at seminar Reforming social security – What can we learn from basic income experiments? 17.12.2021.
Joe Chrisp: Policy, mirror, or metaphor? The political economy of ubi. Presentation at seminar Reforming social security – What can we learn from basic income experiments? 17.12.2021.
On 1 December 2015, the final M-CARE conference was organised in Brussels, Belgium at VLEVA premises. The event “Caring for people with disabilities and older people: challenges, opportunities and (mobile/online) training solutions” focussed on the importance of good quality personal caregiving (PCG) for people with disabilities and older people. Focus was on caring in a broader perspective, and how M-CARE’s (mobile/online) training solutions can contribute to successful PCGs.
More information at:
http://mcare-project.eu/
http://twitter.com/MCareproject
http://www.facebook.com/MCareproj
This project (M-Care - 539913-LLP-1-2013-1-TR-LEONARDO-LMP) has been funded with support from the European Commission. This communication reflects the views only of the author, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.
Dr Simon Duffy of the Centre for Welfare Reform and UBI Lab Sheffield talks to members of NAWRA (National Association of Welfare Rights Advisors) about why he thinks the conflict over social security will turn into a choice between Universal Credit and Basic Income Plus. He describes some of the benefits of Basic Income Plus and also shares new research on the principles that should underpin the welfare system.
A working group of researchers from a range of organisations under the project leadership of Kela is exploring ways in which to carry out an experimental study focusing on the implementation of a universal basic income scheme. The project is part of the Finnish Government's analysis, assessment and research plan for 2015. This presentation collects information and data on the project.
More information: http://www.kela.fi/web/en/experimental-study-on-a-universal-basic-income
Strategic Study on Social Economy Development in the Context of the South East Europe 2020 Strategy, provided to the Regional Cooperation Council (www.rcc.int) and national governments of Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Serbia, Kosovo, Albania and Macedonia.
Nick Pearce: Growth regimes, statecraft and incremental change. Presentation at seminar Reforming social security – What can we learn from basic income experiments? 17.12.2021.
Presentation by Isabelle Engsted-Maquet (Policy officer, European Commission, DG EMPL A.2) on the occasion of the EESC hearing on European minimum income and poverty indicators (Brussels, 28 May 2013)
Ruud Muffels: Which guaranteed minimum income regime works best? Presentation at seminar Reforming social security – What can we learn from basic income experiments? 17.12.2021.
Kotamäki M, Mattila J, Tervola J. Turning static pessimism to dynamic optimism. An ex-ante evaluation of unemployment insurance reform in Finland. Working papers 124, Kela. http://hdl.handle.net/10138/212599
ETTW - Ylva Tivéus, presentation Social, Cultural and Perception Aspects of M...euromonde
Mrs. Ylva Tivéus, Member of Board, Europeans Throughout The World
Social, Cultural and Perception Aspects of MObility
A European Year for Mobile Citizens
http://euromonde.eu
Basic Income and People with Learning DifficultiesCitizen Network
Simon Duffy talked to members of Learning Disability England (LDE) about basic income and basic income plus (UBI+). These slides explain the key ideas and open up a discussion about the value of basic income to people with learning difficulties.
A preliminary assessment of the financial feasibility of basic income emily...Emily Van de Walle
The financial feasibility of unconditionally granting every citizen an equal fixed monthly income, known as basic income, is taken into scrutiny in this dissertation. This is achieved by a static cost estimation of a wide variety of basic income proposals as well as an assessment of the cost savings on the social security system that may be achieved through the introduction of basic income.
As per recommendation by my promoter, prof. dr. Erreygers, I am currently working on an article that is based on the findings of my master's thesis with the objective of having the article published in an economic scientific journal.
Minna Ylikännö: Ubi and ongoing social security reform. Presentation at seminar Reforming social security – What can we learn from basic income experiments? 17.12.2021.
Joe Chrisp: Policy, mirror, or metaphor? The political economy of ubi. Presentation at seminar Reforming social security – What can we learn from basic income experiments? 17.12.2021.
On 1 December 2015, the final M-CARE conference was organised in Brussels, Belgium at VLEVA premises. The event “Caring for people with disabilities and older people: challenges, opportunities and (mobile/online) training solutions” focussed on the importance of good quality personal caregiving (PCG) for people with disabilities and older people. Focus was on caring in a broader perspective, and how M-CARE’s (mobile/online) training solutions can contribute to successful PCGs.
More information at:
http://mcare-project.eu/
http://twitter.com/MCareproject
http://www.facebook.com/MCareproj
This project (M-Care - 539913-LLP-1-2013-1-TR-LEONARDO-LMP) has been funded with support from the European Commission. This communication reflects the views only of the author, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.
Dr Simon Duffy of the Centre for Welfare Reform and UBI Lab Sheffield talks to members of NAWRA (National Association of Welfare Rights Advisors) about why he thinks the conflict over social security will turn into a choice between Universal Credit and Basic Income Plus. He describes some of the benefits of Basic Income Plus and also shares new research on the principles that should underpin the welfare system.
A working group of researchers from a range of organisations under the project leadership of Kela is exploring ways in which to carry out an experimental study focusing on the implementation of a universal basic income scheme. The project is part of the Finnish Government's analysis, assessment and research plan for 2015. This presentation collects information and data on the project.
More information: http://www.kela.fi/web/en/experimental-study-on-a-universal-basic-income
Strategic Study on Social Economy Development in the Context of the South East Europe 2020 Strategy, provided to the Regional Cooperation Council (www.rcc.int) and national governments of Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Serbia, Kosovo, Albania and Macedonia.
Nick Pearce: Growth regimes, statecraft and incremental change. Presentation at seminar Reforming social security – What can we learn from basic income experiments? 17.12.2021.
Presentation by Isabelle Engsted-Maquet (Policy officer, European Commission, DG EMPL A.2) on the occasion of the EESC hearing on European minimum income and poverty indicators (Brussels, 28 May 2013)
Ruud Muffels: Which guaranteed minimum income regime works best? Presentation at seminar Reforming social security – What can we learn from basic income experiments? 17.12.2021.
Presentation by Istvan Vanoylos, Policy officer, European Commission, DG EMPL D.2 on the occasion of the EESC hearing on European minimum income and poverty indicators (Brussels, 28 May 2013)
Whose Welfare State Now? - Adrian SinfieldOxfam GB
Professor Adrian Sinfield, Emeritus Professor of Social Policy at the University of Edinburgh, talks about the welfare state.
Stephen Boyd, Assistant Secretary of the Scottish Trade Unions Congress, talks about how the Scottish economy works.
The Whose Economy? seminars, organised by Oxfam Scotland and the University of the West of Scotland, brought together experts to look at recent changes in the Scottish economy and their impact on Scotland's most vulnerable communities.
Held over winter and spring 2010-11 in Edinburgh, Inverness, Glasgow and Stirling, the series posed the question of what economy is being created in Scotland and, specifically, for whom?
To find out more and view other Whose Economy? papers, presentations and videos visit:
http://www.oxfamblogs.org/ukpovertypost/whose-economy-seminar-series-winter-2010-spring-2011/
Presentation by Inmaculada Placencia Porrero (Deputy Head of Unit, European Commission DG JUST.D.3) on the occasion of the EESC LMO conference on 'Excluded or included' in Brussels on 6 November 2012.
Presentation by Herwig Immervoll, Expert, OECD on the occasion of the EESC hearing on European minimum income and poverty indicators (Brussels, 28 May 2013)
The dynamics of social assistance benefit receiptOECD
Comparative evidence on the receipt of minimum-income benefits discussion of empirical assessment of state dependence / "scarring effects" in benefit receipt
The OECD is examining how the two global mega-trends of population ageing and rising inequalities have been developing and interacting, both within and across generations. This work, and specifically a new report “Preventing Ageing Unequally” (to be released on 18 October), will take a life-course perspective, showing how inequalities in education, health, employment and income interact, and can result in large lifetime disparities across different groups. This discussion will focus on a policy agenda for more inclusive ageing to prevent, mitigate and cope with inequalities and ensure a better retirement for all, with policies coordinated across family, education, employment, social ministries and agencies.
Presentation by Vito Spinelli (Consultant in the ESCO secretariat, DG EMPL) on the occasion of the EESC Seminar on 'Delivering on Skills' organised in Brussels on 17 November 2014.
Presentation Michael HORGAN (Policy officer at DG EAC) on the occasion of the EESC Seminar on 'Delivering on Skills' organised in Brussels on 17 November 2014.
Presentation by Felix Rohn (Policy officer at DG EAC) on the occasion of the EESC Seminar on 'Delivering on Skills' organised in Brussels on 17 November 2014.
Presentation by Barbora Novotna (Policy co-ordinator at DG EMPL) on the occasion of the EESC Seminar on 'Delivering on Skills' organised in Brussels on 17 November 2014.
Presentation by Michael Guet, Council of Europe, on the occasion of the EESC conference on 'Better Roma inclusion through civil society initiatives: focus on education, employment, housing and antidiscrimination' (Brussels, 7 November 2014).
Presentation by Michael Guet, Council of Europe, on the occasion of the EESC conference on 'Better Roma inclusion through civil society initiatives: focus on education, employment, housing and antidiscrimination' (Brussels, 7 November 2014).
Presentation by Michael Guet, Council of Europe, on the occasion of the EESC conference on 'Better Roma inclusion through civil society initiatives: focus on education, employment, housing and antidiscrimination' (Brussels, 7 November 2014).
Presentation by Dan Pavel Doghi, Roma Education Fund, on the occasion of the EESC conference on 'Better Roma inclusion through civil society initiatives: focus on education, employment, housing and antidiscrimination' (Brussels, 7 November 2014).
Presentation by Szilvia Kalman, European Commission, DG EAC, on the occasion of the EESC conference on 'Better Roma inclusion through civil society initiatives: focus on education, employment, housing and antidiscrimination' (Brussels, 7 November 2014).
Presentation by Dominique Bé, European Commission, DG EMPL, on the occasion of the EESC conference on 'Better Roma inclusion through civil society initiatives: focus on education, employment, housing and antidiscrimination' (Brussels, 7 November 2014).
Presentation by Andor Urmos, DG REGIO, on the occasion of the EESC conference on 'Better Roma inclusion through civil society initiatives: focus on education, employment, housing and antidiscrimination' (Brussels, 7 November 2014).
Presentation by Wiet van Meel, volunteer sustainable development advisor to Coöperatieve Esbeek and professional occupation at Pontifax and Coopnet, on the occasion of the EESC conference on "Social economy and social innovation as drivers of competitiveness, growth and social well-being - Perspecitves and priorities for the new Commission and the European Parliament" (Brussels, 1 October 2014)
Presentation by Matthew Brown, Manager of The Wales Council for Voluntary Actions, Communities Investment Fund, on the occasion of the EESC conference on "Social economy and social innovation as drivers of competitiveness, growth and social well-being - Perspecitves and priorities for the new Commission and the European Parliament" (Brussels, 1 October 2014)
Presentation by Julie Savary, Head of Mission, Cabinet of the Presidency - Le mutual Groupe MGEN, France, on the occasion of the EESC conference on "Social economy and social innovation as drivers of competitiveness, growth and social well-being - Perspecitves and priorities for the new Commission and the European Parliament" (Brussels, 1 October 2014)
Presentation by Sarah Cook, Director, United Nations Research Institute for Social Development, United Nations, on the occasion of the EESC conference on "Social economy and social innovation as drivers of competitiveness, growth and social well-being - Perspecitves and priorities for the new Commission and the European Parliament" (Brussels, 1 October 2014)
Presentation by Antonella Noya, Senior Policy Analyst, OECD, on the occasion of the EESC conference on "Social economy and social innovation as drivers of competitiveness, growth and social well-being - Perspecitves and priorities for the new Commission and the European Parliament" (Brussels, 1 October 2014)
Presentation by Xavier Le Mounier, Policy Officer (Innovation Policy for Growth), DG Enterprise and Industry, European Commission, on the occasion of the EESC conference on "Social economy and social innovation as drivers of competitiveness, growth and social well-being - Perspecitves and priorities for the new Commission and the European Parliament" (Brussels, 1 October 2014)
Presentation by Apostolos Ioakimidis, Policy Officer (Entrepreunership 2020 Cooperatives, Mutuals, Social Enterprises, Family Businesses), DG Enterprise and Industry, European Commission, on the occasion of the EESC conference on "Social economy and social innovation as drivers of competitiveness, growth and social well-being - Perspecitves and priorities for the new Commission and the European Parliament" (Brussels, 1 October 2014)
Presentation by Peter Lambreghts, EDF Board member & European Network of Independent Living,on the occasion of the EESC SOC section conference on Civil society perspectives on the implementation of the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD) in Brussels on 2 October 2014.
Presentation by Stefano Palmieri, EESC Europe 2020 Steering Committee, on the occasion of the EESC SOC section conference on Civil society perspectives on the implementation of the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD) in Brussels on 2 October 2014.
More from European Economic and Social Committee - SOC Section (20)
In a May 9, 2024 paper, Juri Opitz from the University of Zurich, along with Shira Wein and Nathan Schneider form Georgetown University, discussed the importance of linguistic expertise in natural language processing (NLP) in an era dominated by large language models (LLMs).
The authors explained that while machine translation (MT) previously relied heavily on linguists, the landscape has shifted. “Linguistics is no longer front and center in the way we build NLP systems,” they said. With the emergence of LLMs, which can generate fluent text without the need for specialized modules to handle grammar or semantic coherence, the need for linguistic expertise in NLP is being questioned.
03062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
CLICK:- https://firstindia.co.in/
#First_India_NewsPaper
‘वोटर्स विल मस्ट प्रीवेल’ (मतदाताओं को जीतना होगा) अभियान द्वारा जारी हेल्पलाइन नंबर, 4 जून को सुबह 7 बजे से दोपहर 12 बजे तक मतगणना प्रक्रिया में कहीं भी किसी भी तरह के उल्लंघन की रिपोर्ट करने के लिए खुला रहेगा।
31052024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
CLICK:- https://firstindia.co.in/
#First_India_NewsPaper
01062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
CLICK:- https://firstindia.co.in/
#First_India_NewsPaper
role of women and girls in various terror groupssadiakorobi2
Women have three distinct types of involvement: direct involvement in terrorist acts; enabling of others to commit such acts; and facilitating the disengagement of others from violent or extremist groups.
हम आग्रह करते हैं कि जो भी सत्ता में आए, वह संविधान का पालन करे, उसकी रक्षा करे और उसे बनाए रखे।" प्रस्ताव में कुल तीन प्रमुख हस्तक्षेप और उनके तंत्र भी प्रस्तुत किए गए। पहला हस्तक्षेप स्वतंत्र मीडिया को प्रोत्साहित करके, वास्तविकता पर आधारित काउंटर नैरेटिव का निर्माण करके और सत्तारूढ़ सरकार द्वारा नियोजित मनोवैज्ञानिक हेरफेर की रणनीति का मुकाबला करके लोगों द्वारा निर्धारित कथा को बनाए रखना और उस पर कार्यकरना था।
Minimum income provisions in the EU: importance, adequacy and prospects for improvement
1. Minimum income provisions in the
EU: importance, adequacy and
prospects for improvement
European Employment and Social Committee
"European minimum income and poverty indicators“ public hearing
Brussels, 28 May 2013
Ive Marx (*/**) and Sarah Marchal (*)
(*) Centre for Social Policy, University of Antwerp
(**)IZA, Bonn
3. 3
One slide summary to social policy thinking
during the 1990s-2000s…
• Late 90s: “Third Way”, “Active Welfare state” and associated
doctrines came to the fore
• EU: European Employment Strategy (EES), Lisbon Agenda, Kok
Report ‘Jobs, jobs, jobs’, OMC Social Inclusion,
• M. Barrosso: ‘A job is the best protection against poverty’
• EU: clear employment targets, no social inclusion targets, only
monitoring of outcomes (including income inequality)
• Core idea: more people in work is key to social inclusion and
poverty reduction
5. 5
Europe 2020
• Employment target of 75%
• But also new “poverty” target: 20 million fewer people socially
excluded on one of three indicators (poverty, hh work intensity,
deprivation)
• Subsidiarity remains the guiding principle and the OMC remains
principal EU governance instrument
• But minimum income protection has regained prominence in
Commission documents (reference to ’92 Recommendation) +
European Parliament Resolution ‘10
• Integrated Guidelines call for ‘modern and adequate social
protection’
7. 7
Why are jobs not enough?
• The poor do not tend to be the first beneficiaries from job growth
• Having/getting a job does not always mean a life free from the risk
of financial poverty: in-work poverty
• (Many other factors: socio-demographic shifts, wage trends,
poverty line dynamics,…)
8. 8
Minimum income protection (MIP) matters
• Thus provisions to guarantee a minimum income floor matter to
workers and non-workers alike, as well as to children growing up
in those households
• Adequate MIP is not a matter of ‘getting right’ one type of provision
(say social assistance)
• It is a matter of getting right the whole welfare state architecture
and committing enough resources
9. 9
Why we need good indicators
on (minimum) income protection
• OMC: mostly reporting on outcomes, plus spending indicators
• But these depend on contextual and compositional factors
- Labour market conditions (unemployment, employment patterns, wages)
- Household composition (patterns of marriage, divorce, childbirth, …)
- Policies that influence these dynamics (e.g. ALMPs, child care,..)
• Institutional indicators which are directly reflective of policy intent,
are essential for the OMC to function effectively as a tool for policy
learning
10. 10
Existing data sources on MIP
• Several data bases available compiling cross-country comparable
indicators of MIP, building on standard family type simulations,
including:
- Indicators of Minimum Income Security Schemes (EuMin)
- The Social Policy Indicators Database (SPIN)
- OECD database
- CSB-Minimum Income Protection Indicators dataset (CSB-
MIPI)
11. 11
Methods issues and limitations
• Limited number of family types and situations
• Non-standard (part-time, temporary) workers
• Measurement of additional (discretionary) allowances/benefits
• Enforcement of minimum wages; take-up of benefits (stigma) and
time lags (administrative efficiency)
• Impact of sanctions
• Regional variation
• Treatment of housing costs
• …
12. 12
Data base used here
• CSB Minimum Income Protection Indicators (MIPI) database
- Minimum wages (including net incomes at minimum wage)
- Social safety net provisions for able bodied working aged
- Old age minimum income provisions
- Conditionality/sanctioning/support
• Standard family type simulations
• National experts in 25 EU Member States + 3 US States
• Period (1992)-2001-2009-2012
14. 14
Net minimum income package comprises
• Gross social assistance benefit
- Minus income and local taxes
• Plus:
- child benefits
- non-discr.housing allowances
- non-discr. social assistance top-ups
15. 15
Minimum income provisions fall well short of poverty
thresholds almost everywhere in the EU (2012)
Poverty
threshold
Source: CSB-MIPI database
18. 18
Is more adequate minimum income protection
possible?
• Two principal perceived impediments (among others):
- “Adequate minimum income protection is too
expensive”
- “Adequate minimum income protection is
incompatible with sufficient work incentives”
19. 19
• Indicative first-round calculations have been made of the
redistributive effort required to lift all household incomes to the
60% level threshold, i.e. to eradicate relative poverty completely
• While such calculations should be treated with much caution, they
suggest that in most European countries, this expenditure would
amounts to less than 5 per cent of aggregate equivalent household
income in each Member state; nowhere is it higher than 9 per cent
• Required effort in GDP terms smaller
• But strongest efforts required in the poorest countries in GDP per
capita terms…
Is adequate minimum income protection too
expensive?
20. 20
Is adequate minimum income protection compatible
with a well-functioning labour market?
• Some countries (e.g. Denmark and the Netherlands) combine
comparatively high levels of MIP with relatively well functioning
labour markets and low chronic benefit dependency => much
scope for peer learning (OMC)
• Minimum income protection provisions in these countries come
attached with intensive monitoring (and sanctioning), empowering
policies (training) and active labour market policies
• This comes at signifcant additional cost and need for
administrative capacity
22. 22
In-work poverty
• The poverty risk facing European workers is relatively low in most
countries (EU27 9% in 2010; ranging from lows of 4% to 18+%)
• But among those living in poverty at working age a sizable share
are already in work
• In some countries upwards of 30 per cent of poor people at
working age live in high work intensity households
• Most poor children in the EU grow up in households that depend
mainly on earned income
• => this points to the importance of supporting families mainly
relying on earned income
23. 23
MIP for workers
• Minimum wages and collective wage setting are essential pillars
but are not enough
• For households with dependent children and others
supplementary transfers are essential
• These can come in the form of child benefits or in-work benefits
• EITC/WTC type tax-channeled low earnings supplements are
interesting and worth further exploration but do not offer a model
for wholesale emulation throughout Europe
24. 24
Main points
• While giving more people access to work is important for a wide
range of reasons, increasing the proportion of people in work does
not automatically translate into fewer people in relative poverty;
• This points to the importance of adequate MIP for workers and
non-workers alike (and their children)
• Very few EU countries have social safety nets that provide
adequate protection against poverty (60% median); MIP levels for
full-time workers tend to be more adequate but only for workers
without dependent children
25. 25
Main points
• Relatively high levels of minimum income protection are not
necessarily prohibitively expensive and potentially compatible with
well-functioning labour markets and low structural dependency; yet
there may be important contextual constraints to implementation
• While there is ample scope for the implementation and expansion
of MIP provisions in many EU countries, there appear to be limits
to incremental expansion of traditional schemes to levels of
adequacy for some at-risk-of-poverty population segments
• Innovative paths to more adequate minimum income protection
require further analysis
27. 27
The distribution of household work intensity in the working-age population (20-59)
living in relative income poverty (SILC 2010)
Source: Analysis of EU-SILC 2010 microdata
29. 29
Gross monthly Social Assistance benefit in 2012,
PPS, euro and relative to average wages
Source: CSB-MIPI database. Note: Gross average wages for a 35 year old male worker. No gross male average wage available for the US states. For IT, DK, DE
and FI, data refer to the minimum wage applicable within a low wage sector. In AT, non-statutory national minimum wage.
30. 30
Net incomes at MW
• Gross Minimum Wage minus
- employee social security contributions
- income and local taxes
• Plus:
- child benefits
- non-discr.housing allowances
- social assistance top-ups
31. 31
Gross annual minimum wage level in 2012,
PPS, euro and relative to average wages
Source: CSB-MIPI database. Note: Gross average wages for a 35 year old male worker. Gross minimum wages for a 35 year old worker. For some countries
(BG, EL) this differs with commonly presented minimum wage levels, due to experience premiums. No gross male average wage available for the US states. For
IT, DK, DE and FI, data refer to the minimum wage applicable within a low wage sector. In AT, non-statutory national minimum wage.
33. 33
Poverty
threshold
Net incomes of minimum wages workers relative
to the poverty line, 2012: lone parent, 2 children
Source, CSB-MIPI database
34. 34
Poverty
threshold
Net incomes of minimum wages workers relative to
the poverty line: single earner couple, 2 children,
2012
Source, CSB-MIPI database
36. 36
Poverty
threshold
Net incomes of a couple with two children relying
on social assistance relative to the poverty line,
2012
Source, CSB-MIPI database
37. 37
Poverty
threshold
Net incomes of lone parent with 2 children relying
on social assistance relative to the poverty line,
2012
Source, CSB-MIPI database
39. 39
Presentation draws mainly on
I. Marx and K. Nelson eds. (2013),
Minimum Income Protection in Flux,
Palgrave MacMillan
• Social assistance: Van Mechelen
and Marchal ‘Struggle for Life’
• MIP for workers: Marx, Marchal and
Nolan ‘Net incomes for workers’
• Child benefits: Van Mechelen and
Bradshaw
• Vandenbroucke, Cantillon et al.
‘Policy prospects’
40. 40
Additional references
• Cantillon, B. (2011), ‘The Paradox of the Social Investment State: Growth, Employment and Poverty in the
Lisbon Era’, Journal of European Social Policy 21(5), 432-449..
• Corluy, V and Vandenbroucke, F. (2013), ‘Household joblessness’, In B. Cantillon and F. Vandenbroucke
(eds), For Better For Worse. For Richer For Poorer. Labour market participation, social redistribution and
income poverty in the EU. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
• Figari, F. (2011) Can in-work benefits improve social inclusion in the southern European countries? Journal of
European Social Policy 20: 301-315
• Immervoll, H. (2012), ‘Minimum-Income Benefits in OECD Countries: Policy Design, Effectiveness and
Challenges’. In D. Besharov, and K. Couch (eds.), Measuring Poverty, Income Inequality, and Social Exclusion.
Lessons from Europe. Oxford University Press.
• Kenworthy, L. (2011) Progress for the Poor (Oxford: Oxford University Press).
• Marchal,S. Marx, I. and N Van Mechelen Do Europe's Minimum Income Schemes Provide Adequate Shelter
against the Economic Crisis and How, If at All, Have Governments Responded?; IZA DP 6264
• Marchal, S. and Van Mechelen, N. (2013), Activation Regimes of European Minimum Income Schemes, GINI
DP
• Marx, I., P. Vandenbroucke, and G. Verbist (2012), ‘Will rising employment levels bring lower relative income
poverty? Regression based simulations of the Europe 2020 target’, Journal of European Social Policy 22.
• Marx, I. and Nolan B.(2012), In-work poverty, GINI DP51
• Marx, I., Vanhille, J., Verbist, G. (2012) ‘Combating in-work poverty in Continental Europe: an investigation
using the Belgian case’, in Journal of Social Policy
• Nelson, K. 2011 "Social Assistance and EU Poverty Thresholds 1990-2008. Are European Welfare Systems
Providing Just and Fair Protection Against Low Income?", European Sociological Review
Editor's Notes
update Sarah: IE zonder housing allowance
Voor social assistance met housing related part of social assistance included (lijkt me het meest logische) Maar in elk geval is een bruto getal redelijk bizar voor SA (per gezinstype verschilt bruto, hangt sterk af van onze assumpties voor housing costs)
Titel aangepast, stond eerst monthly Of is het de bedoeling dat deze grafiek monthly waarden weergeeft?
Niet duidelijk in hoeverre bruikbaar voor single valt dit wss nog mee, maar afhankelijk van hoe verschillende means tests op elkaar inwerken ga je andere verhoudingen krijgen
Niet duidelijk in hoeverre bruikbaar voor single valt dit wss nog mee, maar afhankelijk van hoe verschillende means tests op elkaar inwerken ga je andere verhoudingen krijgen
Niet duidelijk in hoeverre bruikbaar voor single valt dit wss nog mee, maar afhankelijk van hoe verschillende means tests op elkaar inwerken ga je andere verhoudingen krijgen