This document discusses multimodal text analysis, which examines communication using multiple modes or semiotic resources like language, images, gestures, sound, etc. It outlines two major approaches: 1) Exploring theory using text analysis as examples to discuss general principles. 2) Closely examining actual texts to build detailed descriptions and derive generalizations. It provides Kress and van Leeuwen (1996) and O'Toole (1994) as examples that exemplify these approaches, with Kress focusing more on theoretical discussion and O'Toole emphasizing close analysis of specific texts. Multimodal analysis faces challenges regarding accessing, annotating, and reproducing dynamic media like video.
Text linguistics is the study of text as a product or process. It examines how texts are created and understood based on seven principles of textuality: cohesion, coherence, intentionality, acceptability, informativity, contextuality, and intertextuality. Cohesion describes how components of sentences are connected through devices like reference, substitution, ellipsis, and conjunction. Coherence refers to how interpreters make sense of a text based on their world knowledge. Intentionality and acceptability concern the relationship between the text producer's intention and the receiver's willingness to accept the text.
This document provides an overview of methodologies for week 17, including required readings on political discourse analysis, content analysis, and critical discourse analysis. It discusses key points about quantitative and qualitative research methods, definitions of political discourse, and Fairclough's three-dimensional framework for critical discourse analysis. The document also summarizes debates on the merits of qualitative versus quantitative research and provides context on the historical development of different methodological approaches in the social sciences.
The document summarizes Norman Fairclough's dialectical-relational approach to critical discourse analysis (CDA). It outlines Fairclough's three-dimensional framework for analyzing discourse as text, discursive practice, and social practice. For each dimension, Fairclough proposes specific analytical categories and concepts, including textual analysis of vocabulary, grammar, cohesion and structure; discursive analysis of utterance force, text coherence and intertextuality; and social analysis of the relationship between discourse and power/ideology. The document provides an overview of Fairclough's influential work developing CDA and his dialectical theory of discourse.
This introduction provides an overview of the research presented in the collection Multi modal Discourse Analysis. The papers represent early work in extending systemic-functional linguistics to analyze discourse that uses multiple semiotic resources beyond language.
The collection is divided into three parts focusing on different media: three-dimensional objects and space, electronic media and film, and print media. Across the papers, new social semiotic frameworks are developed and applied to analyze meaning constructed through integrated language and visual resources in genres like architecture, museums, cities, film, hypertext, and advertisements. The theoretical approach draws on systemic-functional linguistics and particularly Michael O'Toole's work on analyzing architecture. Computer-assisted analysis is also explored. Overall, the
A Critical Discourse Analysis of Malaysian prime minister's speech in Copenh...Roozbeh Kardooni
This paper aim to analysis environmental speech given by Malaysian PM (Najib Tun Razak) during the U.N. CLIMATE CHANGE CONFERENCE 2009 in Copenhagen(cop15).
Critical Discourse Analysis of Barack Obama's 2012 Speeches: Views from Syste...Bahram Kazemian
In the light of Halliday's Ideational Grammatical Metaphor, Rhetoric and Critical Discourse Analysis, the major objectives of this study are to investigate and analyze Barack Obama's 2012 five speeches, which amount to 19383 words, from the point of frequency and functions of Nominalization, Rhetorical strategies, Passivization and Modality, in which we can grasp the effective and dominant principles and tropes utilized in political discourse. Fairclough’s Critical Discourse Analysis frameworks based on a Hallidayan perspective are used to depict the orator’s deft and clever use of these strategies in the speeches which are bound up with his overall political purposes. The results represent that nominalization, parallelism, unification strategies and modality have dominated in his speeches. There are some antithesis, expletive devices as well as passive voices in these texts. Accordingly, in terms of nominalization, some implications are drawn for political writing and reading, for translators and instructors entailed in reading and writing pedagogy.
Critical discourse analysis and an applicationSuaad Zahawi
This document provides an overview of critical discourse analysis (CDA) and its approaches. It discusses the key concepts and theorists in the development of CDA, including Norman Fairclough and Teun Van Dijk. The document is divided into two sections. The first section defines CDA and outlines its five common features and differences between approaches. It then describes Fairclough's approach focusing on discourse as social practice and ideology/power, as well as Van Dijk's socio-cognitive model. The second section will apply one of the CDA approaches to analyze Charlotte Bronte's novel Jane Eyre.
Critical discourse analysis of the ideology of media presented through newsMazhar Ranjha
The document discusses critical discourse analysis (CDA) and its application to analyzing news media. It provides definitions and approaches to discourse analysis and differentiates it from CDA. CDA pays attention to ideologies and power relations underlying discourse. The aims of CDA are outlined, including uncovering implicit meanings and ideologies. Two examples are given analyzing how newspapers framed a news story about a police incident differently, showing their different ideological stances. The document serves to introduce CDA and its relevance to analyzing media discourse.
Text linguistics is the study of text as a product or process. It examines how texts are created and understood based on seven principles of textuality: cohesion, coherence, intentionality, acceptability, informativity, contextuality, and intertextuality. Cohesion describes how components of sentences are connected through devices like reference, substitution, ellipsis, and conjunction. Coherence refers to how interpreters make sense of a text based on their world knowledge. Intentionality and acceptability concern the relationship between the text producer's intention and the receiver's willingness to accept the text.
This document provides an overview of methodologies for week 17, including required readings on political discourse analysis, content analysis, and critical discourse analysis. It discusses key points about quantitative and qualitative research methods, definitions of political discourse, and Fairclough's three-dimensional framework for critical discourse analysis. The document also summarizes debates on the merits of qualitative versus quantitative research and provides context on the historical development of different methodological approaches in the social sciences.
The document summarizes Norman Fairclough's dialectical-relational approach to critical discourse analysis (CDA). It outlines Fairclough's three-dimensional framework for analyzing discourse as text, discursive practice, and social practice. For each dimension, Fairclough proposes specific analytical categories and concepts, including textual analysis of vocabulary, grammar, cohesion and structure; discursive analysis of utterance force, text coherence and intertextuality; and social analysis of the relationship between discourse and power/ideology. The document provides an overview of Fairclough's influential work developing CDA and his dialectical theory of discourse.
This introduction provides an overview of the research presented in the collection Multi modal Discourse Analysis. The papers represent early work in extending systemic-functional linguistics to analyze discourse that uses multiple semiotic resources beyond language.
The collection is divided into three parts focusing on different media: three-dimensional objects and space, electronic media and film, and print media. Across the papers, new social semiotic frameworks are developed and applied to analyze meaning constructed through integrated language and visual resources in genres like architecture, museums, cities, film, hypertext, and advertisements. The theoretical approach draws on systemic-functional linguistics and particularly Michael O'Toole's work on analyzing architecture. Computer-assisted analysis is also explored. Overall, the
A Critical Discourse Analysis of Malaysian prime minister's speech in Copenh...Roozbeh Kardooni
This paper aim to analysis environmental speech given by Malaysian PM (Najib Tun Razak) during the U.N. CLIMATE CHANGE CONFERENCE 2009 in Copenhagen(cop15).
Critical Discourse Analysis of Barack Obama's 2012 Speeches: Views from Syste...Bahram Kazemian
In the light of Halliday's Ideational Grammatical Metaphor, Rhetoric and Critical Discourse Analysis, the major objectives of this study are to investigate and analyze Barack Obama's 2012 five speeches, which amount to 19383 words, from the point of frequency and functions of Nominalization, Rhetorical strategies, Passivization and Modality, in which we can grasp the effective and dominant principles and tropes utilized in political discourse. Fairclough’s Critical Discourse Analysis frameworks based on a Hallidayan perspective are used to depict the orator’s deft and clever use of these strategies in the speeches which are bound up with his overall political purposes. The results represent that nominalization, parallelism, unification strategies and modality have dominated in his speeches. There are some antithesis, expletive devices as well as passive voices in these texts. Accordingly, in terms of nominalization, some implications are drawn for political writing and reading, for translators and instructors entailed in reading and writing pedagogy.
Critical discourse analysis and an applicationSuaad Zahawi
This document provides an overview of critical discourse analysis (CDA) and its approaches. It discusses the key concepts and theorists in the development of CDA, including Norman Fairclough and Teun Van Dijk. The document is divided into two sections. The first section defines CDA and outlines its five common features and differences between approaches. It then describes Fairclough's approach focusing on discourse as social practice and ideology/power, as well as Van Dijk's socio-cognitive model. The second section will apply one of the CDA approaches to analyze Charlotte Bronte's novel Jane Eyre.
Critical discourse analysis of the ideology of media presented through newsMazhar Ranjha
The document discusses critical discourse analysis (CDA) and its application to analyzing news media. It provides definitions and approaches to discourse analysis and differentiates it from CDA. CDA pays attention to ideologies and power relations underlying discourse. The aims of CDA are outlined, including uncovering implicit meanings and ideologies. Two examples are given analyzing how newspapers framed a news story about a police incident differently, showing their different ideological stances. The document serves to introduce CDA and its relevance to analyzing media discourse.
Discourse analysis of power in colonial texts in indonesiaAlexander Decker
This study aims to analyze the power dynamics in colonial texts from the late 19th and early 20th centuries in the Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia) through a discourse analysis of the language used. The researcher identifies "nodal points" or privileged words around which other meaning is constructed, such as the word "power". Questions are used to identify additional discourse markers that take meaning from their relationship to the nodal point. The results show language units like adjectives, adverbs and verbs that directly or indirectly imply negative meanings about colonized people. Interpretation of word choice in sentences also produces categories of interpretive meaning relating to power dynamics. The analysis focuses on how language was used to establish and maintain colonial power relations.
Discourse Analysis article shared by Azhar Khan ..1Abdullah Saleem
This document discusses a study that analyzed six advertisements using methods of critical discourse analysis. The study aimed to investigate the intentions and techniques used by companies to influence consumers. Norman Fairclough's three-dimensional model and Kress and van Leeuwen's grammar of visual design were used to analyze how power and ideology are expressed in advertisements. The results showed that private producers try to give power to viewers to persuade them to buy products, while government producers try to show their own power. Overall, advertisements generally use power and ideology to change behaviors and thoughts.
Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) has three main goals:
1. CDA analyzes how language and discourse are used in texts to establish, legitimate, and reproduce social power and dominance.
2. It examines how language serves as an ideological medium and social force to dominate.
3. CDA asks questions about responsibility, interests, and ideology to critically analyze those in power from the perspective of marginalized groups suffering under prevailing social problems.
1. The document discusses two "laws" of translation proposed by Gideon Toury: the law of growing standardization and the law of interference.
2. The law of growing standardization refers to textual relations in the original being modified or ignored in favor of more habitual target language options.
3. The law of interference sees interference from the source text to the target text as the default, and considers tolerance of interference to depend on sociocultural factors and the prestige of the literary system.
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online
A lecture was given to bachelor students of the PPLE college of University of Amsterdam, on 20th February 2017.
This part covers political discourse theory and critical discourse analysis.
An introduction to critical discourse analysis in education (new)Thai Chamroeun
This chapter provides an overview of a book that brings together scholarly work exploring the relationship between critical discourse analysis and theories of learning. The book originated from discussions among researchers working in different disciplines who shared an interest in critically analyzing language and discourse in educational contexts. The contributors' chapters demonstrate how critical discourse analysis can shed light on social practices and power relations through empirical studies of naturally occurring language in various learning environments. They also seek to develop a theory of learning that integrates critical discourse analysis with sociocultural approaches to language and literacy. The collection aims to advance understanding of how language both shapes and is shaped by educational and social processes of learning, participation and transformation.
Critical Narrative Analysis in Linguistics: Analysing a Homodiegetic Rape Nar...ChisomOgamba
The document presents a proposed model for conducting a Critical Narrative Analysis (CNA) of narratives in linguistics. The model is developed based on combining the frameworks of Critical Discourse Analysis and Narrative Analysis. It involves two stages: 1) a narrative analysis to shape events into a coherent story, and 2) a three-dimensional analysis involving text analysis, processing analysis, and social analysis based on Fairclough's model for CDA. The model is applied to analyze an excerpt from a rape narrative, identifying linguistic features, narrative elements, and exploring the social context through a sociocultural lens. The analysis finds fillers are most frequent, and examines how language conveys the narrator's experience and societal norms around
The document defines and discusses Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA). It outlines that CDA examines how power, dominance and inequality are reproduced within social contexts through written and spoken language. The document also discusses three main models of CDA: Norman Fairclough's Dialectal-Relational Approach which analyzes texts, processes and social conditions; Teun van Dijk's Socio-Cognitive Approach which focuses on cognition, discourse and society; and Ruth Wodak's Discourse-Historical Approach developed with the Frankfurt School to research topics like sexism and racism.
This document provides an overview of discourse analysis and discursive psychology. It defines discourse as situated language use that constructs social worlds and identities. It discusses three strands of discursive psychology: a poststructuralist perspective, an interactionist perspective, and a synthetic perspective that combines the two. The document also outlines seven stages of discursive research: obtaining access and consent, data collection, data management, transcription, developing research questions, analysis, and validation. Throughout, it emphasizes discourse as action-oriented, situated language use.
Engaging in Critical Language and Cultural Studies Approaches for an Examination of Racism and Migration in the British Public Space
Rasha Ali Dheyab,
Ph.D. Student, Department of English, Faculty of Letters, Ovidius University of Constanța, Constanța, Romania
This article focuses on the relevance of Critical Discourse Analysis and of cultural studies approaches to an examination of racism and migration in the British public space. Critical Discourse Analysis as an active engagement with discourse in the social space is one of these critical approaches. The article is based on Halliday’s systematic functional grammar in terms of transitivity and modality. The main goal of this study is to investigate transitivity and modality about migration as it appears in a number of British tabloids. The focus is on aspects of racism in western countries, where there is a majority of white people and on issues related to patterns of access to the public and issues of inequality, racism and discrimination in the public space. Racism's reproduction and promotion by certain segments of the media is not a simple or straightforward process. It is important to see how the media plays a role in the reproduction of racism.
Keywords: Cultural Studies, Critical Language, Media, Migration, Racism
The Sixth International Conference on Languages, Linguistics, Translation and Literature
9-10 October 2021 , Ahwaz
For more information, please visit the conference website:
WWW.LLLD.IR
Lawrence erlbaum2004anintroductiontocriticaldiscourseanalysisineducationthuyussh
This document appears to be the preface or introduction to a book on critical discourse analysis in education. It provides background on how the book came to be, including discussions among the contributors on key issues and questions regarding critical discourse analysis and its application to education. The preface outlines two main directions for critical discourse analysis in education discussed by the contributors: 1) Developing an empirical basis for understanding the relationship between language form and function in conducting analysis, and 2) Developing a theory of learning in relation to critical discourse studies. It notes that the chapters aim to ground critical discourse analysis in educational research by focusing on linguistic structure and learning. The preface also gives an overview of how the book is organized to help teach key concepts
This document discusses discourse analysis and its application to print media. It defines discourse analysis as the study of language use in context. There are four main types discussed: political discourse analysis, conversational analysis, media discourse analysis, and critical discourse analysis (CDA). CDA examines written and spoken language as social practices and can reveal how power relations are established and reinforced through language. The document applies CDA to the analysis of print media like newspapers, magazines, and other printed materials.
Critical Linguist and Critycal Discourse Analysisliveistoshare
Michael Alexander Kirkwood Halliday was a British-Australian linguist who developed the influential systemic functional linguistics model. He had two famous theories: 1) that language is a social semiotic system, with text and context influencing registers and social structures, and 2) that linguistics involves the social action and cooperation of language. Halliday's views influence critical linguistics and critical discourse analysis, including seeing text as a sociosemantic process unified with context, and analyzing language use through a critical lens relating text and context.
Genre analysis is a process used to analyze types of documents produced in particular discourse communities. It examines similarities and differences in genres' purposes, structures, and language features. Key aspects of genre analysis include identifying the communicative purposes and intended audiences of genres, analyzing their macro-level organizational patterns and sections, and studying language features like verb tense and voice. Genre analysis provides insight into how language is used within important discourse communities and can inform applied linguistics in educational settings.
Critical Discourse Analysis by Thomas HuckinCDAGCUF
Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) is introduced as a highly context sensitive approach to analyzing politically or culturally influential texts. CDA differs from other forms of textual analysis in six key ways, such as being highly integrated across text, discourse, and social context levels. Strategies of CDA can be used to analyze various artifacts like advertisements, movies, and websites. Tools of CDA include genre, framing, foregrounding, omission, and backgrounding, which can be applied at the sentence level to identify manipulation. In conclusion, CDA is defined as a democratic approach that examines power relations and aims to improve society through close analysis of influential texts and consideration of real-world contexts.
After examining the different expressions of context, this paper proposes that context is the interaction between all the elements about language communication activities, including the intra textual co-text, the environment in which communication occurs and the mutual interaction of the shared information, culture, background and world knowledge of the participants. Therefore, context is dynamic. Then, this paper illustrates theories of pragmatics, including the speech act theory, the indirect speech act theory, the cooperative theory and the relevance theory. Finally, it discusses about the significance of context to pragmatics from the perspectives of narrow context and narrow pragmatics, and dynamic context and generalized pragmatics
Aspects of Critical discourse analysis by Ruth WodakHusnat Ahmed
This document provides an overview of critical discourse analysis (CDA). It discusses key terms like discourse, ideology, and power. It outlines the historical development of CDA from the 1970s onward. The document also examines the main research agenda of CDA, including its aims to investigate social inequality and power relations as expressed through language. Open questions are noted about operationalizing theories and the need for more explicit linguistic theories.
Theoretical and methodological aspects of focauldian critical discourse analy...Fira Nursya`bani
This document outlines the theoretical and methodological aspects of critical discourse analysis and dispositive analysis. It discusses the foundations of discourse theory, including the concept of discourse, aims of critical discourse analysis, and the relationship between discourse, power, and reality. It also examines moving from discourse to dispositives, and methods for analyzing discourse and dispositives. Key aspects covered include linguistic concepts, the structure of discourse, discourse positions, and tools for discourse analysis.
This document appears to be a newsletter or zine containing various short articles and notes. It discusses receiving a pen pal from Japan who teaches English, and expresses concern for their well-being after the 2011 tsunami in Japan. It also includes literary quotes, recommendations for anime films to watch, and a short fictional story excerpt about a man and woman after intimacy. The document has a handwritten, casual style and covers various topics in a lighthearted, informal tone.
The document provides an overview of workshops and activities that fellows participated in at Allegheny Mountain School in 2012, including grafting, beekeeping, foraging, fermenting, gardening, soil conservation, and chicken processing. It describes the hands-on learning experiences and shows pictures of fellows engaging in activities like grafting fruit trees, inspecting beehives, identifying mushrooms, making sauerkraut and pickles, and helping to cater a local food event. The document highlights how the fellowship program teaches practical skills in sustainable agriculture.
This issue of the zine "Paper and Twine" includes various short pieces of writing, recipes, doodles and notes. It begins with an introduction and table of contents. There is a short story excerpt, posts and links from various blogs, a recipe for vegan blondies, and notes about the author's purchase of the full seasons of Dragon Ball Z on DVD. The zine aims to share a variety of creative works and interests from both the author and wider internet in a lighthearted, informal manner.
Discourse analysis of power in colonial texts in indonesiaAlexander Decker
This study aims to analyze the power dynamics in colonial texts from the late 19th and early 20th centuries in the Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia) through a discourse analysis of the language used. The researcher identifies "nodal points" or privileged words around which other meaning is constructed, such as the word "power". Questions are used to identify additional discourse markers that take meaning from their relationship to the nodal point. The results show language units like adjectives, adverbs and verbs that directly or indirectly imply negative meanings about colonized people. Interpretation of word choice in sentences also produces categories of interpretive meaning relating to power dynamics. The analysis focuses on how language was used to establish and maintain colonial power relations.
Discourse Analysis article shared by Azhar Khan ..1Abdullah Saleem
This document discusses a study that analyzed six advertisements using methods of critical discourse analysis. The study aimed to investigate the intentions and techniques used by companies to influence consumers. Norman Fairclough's three-dimensional model and Kress and van Leeuwen's grammar of visual design were used to analyze how power and ideology are expressed in advertisements. The results showed that private producers try to give power to viewers to persuade them to buy products, while government producers try to show their own power. Overall, advertisements generally use power and ideology to change behaviors and thoughts.
Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) has three main goals:
1. CDA analyzes how language and discourse are used in texts to establish, legitimate, and reproduce social power and dominance.
2. It examines how language serves as an ideological medium and social force to dominate.
3. CDA asks questions about responsibility, interests, and ideology to critically analyze those in power from the perspective of marginalized groups suffering under prevailing social problems.
1. The document discusses two "laws" of translation proposed by Gideon Toury: the law of growing standardization and the law of interference.
2. The law of growing standardization refers to textual relations in the original being modified or ignored in favor of more habitual target language options.
3. The law of interference sees interference from the source text to the target text as the default, and considers tolerance of interference to depend on sociocultural factors and the prestige of the literary system.
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online
A lecture was given to bachelor students of the PPLE college of University of Amsterdam, on 20th February 2017.
This part covers political discourse theory and critical discourse analysis.
An introduction to critical discourse analysis in education (new)Thai Chamroeun
This chapter provides an overview of a book that brings together scholarly work exploring the relationship between critical discourse analysis and theories of learning. The book originated from discussions among researchers working in different disciplines who shared an interest in critically analyzing language and discourse in educational contexts. The contributors' chapters demonstrate how critical discourse analysis can shed light on social practices and power relations through empirical studies of naturally occurring language in various learning environments. They also seek to develop a theory of learning that integrates critical discourse analysis with sociocultural approaches to language and literacy. The collection aims to advance understanding of how language both shapes and is shaped by educational and social processes of learning, participation and transformation.
Critical Narrative Analysis in Linguistics: Analysing a Homodiegetic Rape Nar...ChisomOgamba
The document presents a proposed model for conducting a Critical Narrative Analysis (CNA) of narratives in linguistics. The model is developed based on combining the frameworks of Critical Discourse Analysis and Narrative Analysis. It involves two stages: 1) a narrative analysis to shape events into a coherent story, and 2) a three-dimensional analysis involving text analysis, processing analysis, and social analysis based on Fairclough's model for CDA. The model is applied to analyze an excerpt from a rape narrative, identifying linguistic features, narrative elements, and exploring the social context through a sociocultural lens. The analysis finds fillers are most frequent, and examines how language conveys the narrator's experience and societal norms around
The document defines and discusses Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA). It outlines that CDA examines how power, dominance and inequality are reproduced within social contexts through written and spoken language. The document also discusses three main models of CDA: Norman Fairclough's Dialectal-Relational Approach which analyzes texts, processes and social conditions; Teun van Dijk's Socio-Cognitive Approach which focuses on cognition, discourse and society; and Ruth Wodak's Discourse-Historical Approach developed with the Frankfurt School to research topics like sexism and racism.
This document provides an overview of discourse analysis and discursive psychology. It defines discourse as situated language use that constructs social worlds and identities. It discusses three strands of discursive psychology: a poststructuralist perspective, an interactionist perspective, and a synthetic perspective that combines the two. The document also outlines seven stages of discursive research: obtaining access and consent, data collection, data management, transcription, developing research questions, analysis, and validation. Throughout, it emphasizes discourse as action-oriented, situated language use.
Engaging in Critical Language and Cultural Studies Approaches for an Examination of Racism and Migration in the British Public Space
Rasha Ali Dheyab,
Ph.D. Student, Department of English, Faculty of Letters, Ovidius University of Constanța, Constanța, Romania
This article focuses on the relevance of Critical Discourse Analysis and of cultural studies approaches to an examination of racism and migration in the British public space. Critical Discourse Analysis as an active engagement with discourse in the social space is one of these critical approaches. The article is based on Halliday’s systematic functional grammar in terms of transitivity and modality. The main goal of this study is to investigate transitivity and modality about migration as it appears in a number of British tabloids. The focus is on aspects of racism in western countries, where there is a majority of white people and on issues related to patterns of access to the public and issues of inequality, racism and discrimination in the public space. Racism's reproduction and promotion by certain segments of the media is not a simple or straightforward process. It is important to see how the media plays a role in the reproduction of racism.
Keywords: Cultural Studies, Critical Language, Media, Migration, Racism
The Sixth International Conference on Languages, Linguistics, Translation and Literature
9-10 October 2021 , Ahwaz
For more information, please visit the conference website:
WWW.LLLD.IR
Lawrence erlbaum2004anintroductiontocriticaldiscourseanalysisineducationthuyussh
This document appears to be the preface or introduction to a book on critical discourse analysis in education. It provides background on how the book came to be, including discussions among the contributors on key issues and questions regarding critical discourse analysis and its application to education. The preface outlines two main directions for critical discourse analysis in education discussed by the contributors: 1) Developing an empirical basis for understanding the relationship between language form and function in conducting analysis, and 2) Developing a theory of learning in relation to critical discourse studies. It notes that the chapters aim to ground critical discourse analysis in educational research by focusing on linguistic structure and learning. The preface also gives an overview of how the book is organized to help teach key concepts
This document discusses discourse analysis and its application to print media. It defines discourse analysis as the study of language use in context. There are four main types discussed: political discourse analysis, conversational analysis, media discourse analysis, and critical discourse analysis (CDA). CDA examines written and spoken language as social practices and can reveal how power relations are established and reinforced through language. The document applies CDA to the analysis of print media like newspapers, magazines, and other printed materials.
Critical Linguist and Critycal Discourse Analysisliveistoshare
Michael Alexander Kirkwood Halliday was a British-Australian linguist who developed the influential systemic functional linguistics model. He had two famous theories: 1) that language is a social semiotic system, with text and context influencing registers and social structures, and 2) that linguistics involves the social action and cooperation of language. Halliday's views influence critical linguistics and critical discourse analysis, including seeing text as a sociosemantic process unified with context, and analyzing language use through a critical lens relating text and context.
Genre analysis is a process used to analyze types of documents produced in particular discourse communities. It examines similarities and differences in genres' purposes, structures, and language features. Key aspects of genre analysis include identifying the communicative purposes and intended audiences of genres, analyzing their macro-level organizational patterns and sections, and studying language features like verb tense and voice. Genre analysis provides insight into how language is used within important discourse communities and can inform applied linguistics in educational settings.
Critical Discourse Analysis by Thomas HuckinCDAGCUF
Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) is introduced as a highly context sensitive approach to analyzing politically or culturally influential texts. CDA differs from other forms of textual analysis in six key ways, such as being highly integrated across text, discourse, and social context levels. Strategies of CDA can be used to analyze various artifacts like advertisements, movies, and websites. Tools of CDA include genre, framing, foregrounding, omission, and backgrounding, which can be applied at the sentence level to identify manipulation. In conclusion, CDA is defined as a democratic approach that examines power relations and aims to improve society through close analysis of influential texts and consideration of real-world contexts.
After examining the different expressions of context, this paper proposes that context is the interaction between all the elements about language communication activities, including the intra textual co-text, the environment in which communication occurs and the mutual interaction of the shared information, culture, background and world knowledge of the participants. Therefore, context is dynamic. Then, this paper illustrates theories of pragmatics, including the speech act theory, the indirect speech act theory, the cooperative theory and the relevance theory. Finally, it discusses about the significance of context to pragmatics from the perspectives of narrow context and narrow pragmatics, and dynamic context and generalized pragmatics
Aspects of Critical discourse analysis by Ruth WodakHusnat Ahmed
This document provides an overview of critical discourse analysis (CDA). It discusses key terms like discourse, ideology, and power. It outlines the historical development of CDA from the 1970s onward. The document also examines the main research agenda of CDA, including its aims to investigate social inequality and power relations as expressed through language. Open questions are noted about operationalizing theories and the need for more explicit linguistic theories.
Theoretical and methodological aspects of focauldian critical discourse analy...Fira Nursya`bani
This document outlines the theoretical and methodological aspects of critical discourse analysis and dispositive analysis. It discusses the foundations of discourse theory, including the concept of discourse, aims of critical discourse analysis, and the relationship between discourse, power, and reality. It also examines moving from discourse to dispositives, and methods for analyzing discourse and dispositives. Key aspects covered include linguistic concepts, the structure of discourse, discourse positions, and tools for discourse analysis.
This document appears to be a newsletter or zine containing various short articles and notes. It discusses receiving a pen pal from Japan who teaches English, and expresses concern for their well-being after the 2011 tsunami in Japan. It also includes literary quotes, recommendations for anime films to watch, and a short fictional story excerpt about a man and woman after intimacy. The document has a handwritten, casual style and covers various topics in a lighthearted, informal tone.
The document provides an overview of workshops and activities that fellows participated in at Allegheny Mountain School in 2012, including grafting, beekeeping, foraging, fermenting, gardening, soil conservation, and chicken processing. It describes the hands-on learning experiences and shows pictures of fellows engaging in activities like grafting fruit trees, inspecting beehives, identifying mushrooms, making sauerkraut and pickles, and helping to cater a local food event. The document highlights how the fellowship program teaches practical skills in sustainable agriculture.
This issue of the zine "Paper and Twine" includes various short pieces of writing, recipes, doodles and notes. It begins with an introduction and table of contents. There is a short story excerpt, posts and links from various blogs, a recipe for vegan blondies, and notes about the author's purchase of the full seasons of Dragon Ball Z on DVD. The zine aims to share a variety of creative works and interests from both the author and wider internet in a lighthearted, informal manner.
This document is a zine-style publication containing various short articles, advertisements, and notes. It discusses topics like seppuku (ritual suicide in Japanese culture), a vegan chili cook-off event, and includes doodles, a blog roll, and a note asking readers to contact the publisher. The random, informal nature and mix of topics suggest it is self-published independently or for a small audience.
This document is a newsletter called "Paper and Twine" that includes various articles and blog recommendations. It discusses a screening of the film "Bold Native" about an animal rights activist. It also includes poetry, musings on speciesism, and recommendations for blogs on topics like veganism. The newsletter seems to focus on independent arts, activism and progressive issues.
The document discusses relative clauses and how they are used in sentences. Defining relative clauses that are necessary for understanding the sentence do not use commas, while non-defining relative clauses that provide extra context are placed within commas. The examples given demonstrate how relative clauses can be used to combine two sentences about a subject into a single sentence for brevity.
This document is a newsletter called "Paper and Twine" that includes various articles and links. It discusses the goal of capturing focused and unfocused minds online. One article introduces a musician named The Creature and his album "The Death of CV", saying his delivery on each track shows his talent. Another article is about ignoring love and fooling yourself by standing next to it instead of running away. Readers are encouraged to doodle or take notes in the provided spaces.
The document discusses different ways to report speech in indirect speech. It provides examples of how to report statements, questions, commands, requests and suggestions. Some key changes in reported speech include changing verbs from direct to past tense and changing pronouns as needed. Introductory verbs like "said", "asked" introduce the reported clause.
This document is a zine-style publication titled "Paper and Twine" that includes various sections: a short story by John Cardoso, haikus, a drawing submitted by Salvatore Marrone, a simple vegan recipe, blog links, and notes. It features miscellaneous content in a scrapbook-like format intended to be casually browsed.
El documento proporciona información sobre los principales herbarios a nivel internacional y nacional. A nivel internacional, los herbarios más grandes se encuentran en China, Estados Unidos, Rusia, Reino Unido y otros países europeos. En Ecuador, los principales herbarios nacionales incluyen los herbarios de la Universidad de Azuay, la Estación Científica Charles Darwin, la Universidad de Guayaquil y la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador.
Multimodal text analysis examines communication that uses multiple modes or semiotic resources such as images, speech, gestures, and more. There are two main approaches - exploring theoretical frameworks using text examples, and conducting detailed analyses of specific texts to develop generalizations. Challenges include analyzing dynamic media, issues of transcription and representation, and integrating analyses of different levels from low-level features to sociocultural patterns. Continued development of the field requires both detailed empirical studies of texts and theoretical exploration.
- Mortgage Redemption Plan is a decreasing term insurance plan designed to provide a death benefit that corresponds to the decreasing balance owed on a mortgage loan.
- Tax benefits are provided by the government to promote health insurance.
- An individual with an aggressive risk profile would likely follow a wealth accumulation investment style.
- Keyman insurance indemnifies fixed monetary sums specified in an insurance policy that are incurred due to the death or disability of important employees.
Discourse analysis.its development and applicationAbdullah Saleem
The document discusses the development of discourse analysis as an interdisciplinary field of study in the 1970s. It explores how linguistics, psychology, sociology, and other fields began analyzing language use and texts rather than just grammar and individual sentences. This led to a paradigm shift where scholars analyzed the structures and functions of actual language use and discourse. The author provides a brief overview of some of the key developments in discourse analysis across different disciplines and how this field has the potential to systematically analyze media messages and news discourse.
Argumentation And Rhetoric In Visual And Multimodal CommunicationSara Alvarez
This document provides an introduction to the study of multimodal argumentation and rhetoric. It discusses how communication increasingly involves multiple modes beyond just language, such as images, sounds, and gestures. While disciplines traditionally focused on individual modes, the field of multimodal argumentation analyzes how modes work together to convey arguments. The introduction outlines different perspectives in the study of argumentation, such as logical, dialectical, and rhetorical, and how a multimodal approach draws from each. It also discusses terminology around visual, multimodal, argumentation, and rhetoric, proposing that "multimodal argumentation" best captures the combination of modes studied in the volume's contributions.
Discourse analysis is the study of language use beyond the sentence level. It examines how stretches of language take on meaning and coherence for communication. There are structural and functional definitions of discourse. Structurally, discourse is a linguistic unit above the sentence, while functionally it is a particular use of language. Historically, discourse analysis originated in classical rhetoric and linguistics over 2000 years ago, but emerged as a modern discipline in the 1960s-1970s across various fields including linguistics, sociolinguistics, psychology, and anthropology. It draws from theories such as speech act theory, sociolinguistics, and the study of language variation.
A Selected And Annotated Bibliography On PragmaticsJeff Nelson
This annotated bibliography provides an introduction to influential sources in the field of pragmatics. It is divided into nine sections covering areas such as speech acts, implicatures, conversational analysis, and discourse analysis. The document discusses the challenges in selecting sources to include and provides brief summaries of three general handbooks on pragmatics by Levinson, Leech, and Mey. It highlights their differences in scope and approach, with Levinson providing a comprehensive overview of central topics, Leech presenting his own model of interpersonal rhetoric, and Mey aiming to serve as a textbook for graduate students.
In the mid-1960s, several new interdisciplinary fields emerged related to the study of discourse, including semiotics, psycholinguistics, sociolinguistics, and pragmatics. These fields studied language use beyond isolated sentences and focused on properties of natural language use. They examined discourse from the perspectives of anthropology, linguistics, formal grammar, pragmatics, semiotics, conversation analysis, and sociolinguistics. Despite different backgrounds, these new fields shared a common interest in studying real language use rather than abstract language.
2011 - The Language Of Research Argument Metaphors In English And Lithuanian...Simar Neasy
This document discusses metaphor usage in academic discourse, specifically focusing on the word "argument". It begins by reviewing previous research on conceptual metaphor theory and how it applies to academic writing. The document then describes the data and methodology used, which is an analysis of contexts using "argument" in the British National Corpus (English) and Corpus of Academic Lithuanian. The results found that both languages use metaphors conceptualizing an argument as an object, structure, person, or verbal communication. However, English tended to portray arguments as more "embodied" while Lithuanian portrayed them more as objects. The metaphors found were consistent with other conceptualizations of research identified in prior studies.
Activity And Evaluation Reporting Practices In Academic WritingMichelle Shaw
This document analyzes reporting practices in academic writing through a study of a corpus of 80 research articles from 8 disciplines. It finds that academic writing relies heavily on reporting prior work to establish context and build arguments. Reporting is usually done through attribution of propositional content to other sources using reporting verbs.
The study develops a taxonomy to categorize reporting verbs based on the type of activity they represent (research/real world acts, cognition acts, discourse acts) and their evaluative function (supportive, tentative, critical, neutral). It finds preferences for certain categories across disciplines. Discourse acts are most common, and research findings are usually reported non-factively without a clear attitude. The variety allows writers to skillfully attribute st
ANALYSIS OF A SELECTED BARGAIN DISCOURSE USING DELL HYMES S.P.E.A.K.I.N.G. M...Sara Alvarez
This document provides an abstract for a study that analyzes a discourse sample using Dell Hymes' SPEAKING model of discourse analysis. The study aims to evaluate the viability and limitations of the SPEAKING model for accounting for meaning in communication. It reviews literature on discourse analysis and Hymes' development of the ethnography of communication. The document gives background on Hymes and the SPEAKING model, and outlines the research problem, questions, objectives and significance of studying naturally occurring discourse using this framework.
Applied Genre Analysis A Multi-Perspective ModelRichard Hogue
This document discusses different perspectives on genre analysis and how it can be used in language education. It addresses whether genre descriptions reflect reality or are convenient fictions created by applied linguists. While genre analysis is often used to model conventional language forms for students to reproduce, the document argues it can also be used as an analytical resource. This allows students to understand complex discourse and respond creatively to new contexts. The document aims to resolve tensions between perspectives on genre analysis and discuss issues in using linguistic descriptions for educational purposes.
This document discusses 7 approaches to discourse analysis:
1. Conversation analysis examines the structure and organization of natural conversation.
2. Ethnography analyzes language use within social and cultural contexts through observation and interviews.
3. Corpus-based analysis uses large text databases to study language patterns and variations in genres.
4. Multimodal analysis views communication as involving multiple modes beyond just language.
5. Genre analysis describes conventional language patterns associated with academic and professional settings.
6. Critical discourse analysis critically examines how language relates to power and social inequality.
7. Mediated discourse analysis focuses on how social actions are carried out through discourse within cultural and historical contexts.
Analyzing Genres In Political Communication An IntroductionAnn Wera
This document introduces the concept of genre analysis in political communication. It discusses that while genre analysis has been addressed in several disciplines, there are still open questions regarding components/stages of genres, their order and flexibility across domains. The goal of this publication is to provide an updated and comprehensive perspective on genre analysis in political communication by bringing together theoretical and data-driven approaches. It addresses some general problems in genre analysis, such as genres being abstractions, their relationship to situational contexts and other genres within social fields.
American Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development is indexed, refereed and peer-reviewed journal, which is designed to publish research articles.
Systemic Functional Linguistics: An approach to analyzing written academic di...ClmentNdoricimpa
Written academic discourse refers to the way of thinking and using language that exist in the academy. Writers demonstrate knowledge and negotiate social relations with readers by means of written discourse. In order to understand these characteristics of written discourse, different approaches are followed. Some follow a linguistic approach to uncover the linguistic devices associated with coherence in a written text. Other follow a social approach to analyze the social cultural context in which a written text occurs. However, it is demonstrated that the linguistic and the social cultural elements in a written text cannot be disassociated and that an approach, which combine the two approaches is required. Such an approach is Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL). Therefore, this paper discusses the way in which SFL is used as an approach to analyzing linguistic features of academic discourses and how those features relate to social cultural context. In this paper, it is shown that SFL provides the means to analyze not only the linguistic resources employed in a written text but also the context in which the text is used. These linguistic resources are associated with the creation of ideational, interpersonal and textual meaning at the level of lexicogrammar and discourse semantic. The context is modelled through register and genre theory.
The document discusses the relevance of discourse studies in education. It notes that education is predominantly textual, as most learning materials are in the form of texts. Discourse studies can provide insight into textual structures and processes of learning from texts. Analyzing discourse structures used in education and how they influence learning can lead to a better understanding of educational processes.
A Systematic Literature Review Of Narrative Analysis In Recent Translation St...Yolanda Ivey
This document provides a literature review of narrative analysis approaches used in recent translation studies research from 2014 to 2018. It conducted a systematic literature review of academic articles from the ProQuest Central and Scopus databases based on pre-specified inclusion/exclusion criteria. 92 relevant articles were identified and their titles, abstracts, keywords, and full texts (when needed) were analyzed. The review found that narrative analysis has not become mainstream in translation studies and that future research could shift focus from empirical uses of narrative analysis to theoretical reflections on narratives, and explore new research methods and subject areas.
In our second session, we shall learn all about the main features and fundamentals of UiPath Studio that enable us to use the building blocks for any automation project.
📕 Detailed agenda:
Variables and Datatypes
Workflow Layouts
Arguments
Control Flows and Loops
Conditional Statements
💻 Extra training through UiPath Academy:
Variables, Constants, and Arguments in Studio
Control Flow in Studio
"$10 thousand per minute of downtime: architecture, queues, streaming and fin...Fwdays
Direct losses from downtime in 1 minute = $5-$10 thousand dollars. Reputation is priceless.
As part of the talk, we will consider the architectural strategies necessary for the development of highly loaded fintech solutions. We will focus on using queues and streaming to efficiently work and manage large amounts of data in real-time and to minimize latency.
We will focus special attention on the architectural patterns used in the design of the fintech system, microservices and event-driven architecture, which ensure scalability, fault tolerance, and consistency of the entire system.
Northern Engraving | Modern Metal Trim, Nameplates and Appliance PanelsNorthern Engraving
What began over 115 years ago as a supplier of precision gauges to the automotive industry has evolved into being an industry leader in the manufacture of product branding, automotive cockpit trim and decorative appliance trim. Value-added services include in-house Design, Engineering, Program Management, Test Lab and Tool Shops.
The Department of Veteran Affairs (VA) invited Taylor Paschal, Knowledge & Information Management Consultant at Enterprise Knowledge, to speak at a Knowledge Management Lunch and Learn hosted on June 12, 2024. All Office of Administration staff were invited to attend and received professional development credit for participating in the voluntary event.
The objectives of the Lunch and Learn presentation were to:
- Review what KM ‘is’ and ‘isn’t’
- Understand the value of KM and the benefits of engaging
- Define and reflect on your “what’s in it for me?”
- Share actionable ways you can participate in Knowledge - - Capture & Transfer
Must Know Postgres Extension for DBA and Developer during MigrationMydbops
Mydbops Opensource Database Meetup 16
Topic: Must-Know PostgreSQL Extensions for Developers and DBAs During Migration
Speaker: Deepak Mahto, Founder of DataCloudGaze Consulting
Date & Time: 8th June | 10 AM - 1 PM IST
Venue: Bangalore International Centre, Bangalore
Abstract: Discover how PostgreSQL extensions can be your secret weapon! This talk explores how key extensions enhance database capabilities and streamline the migration process for users moving from other relational databases like Oracle.
Key Takeaways:
* Learn about crucial extensions like oracle_fdw, pgtt, and pg_audit that ease migration complexities.
* Gain valuable strategies for implementing these extensions in PostgreSQL to achieve license freedom.
* Discover how these key extensions can empower both developers and DBAs during the migration process.
* Don't miss this chance to gain practical knowledge from an industry expert and stay updated on the latest open-source database trends.
Mydbops Managed Services specializes in taking the pain out of database management while optimizing performance. Since 2015, we have been providing top-notch support and assistance for the top three open-source databases: MySQL, MongoDB, and PostgreSQL.
Our team offers a wide range of services, including assistance, support, consulting, 24/7 operations, and expertise in all relevant technologies. We help organizations improve their database's performance, scalability, efficiency, and availability.
Contact us: info@mydbops.com
Visit: https://www.mydbops.com/
Follow us on LinkedIn: https://in.linkedin.com/company/mydbops
For more details and updates, please follow up the below links.
Meetup Page : https://www.meetup.com/mydbops-databa...
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Main news related to the CCS TSI 2023 (2023/1695)Jakub Marek
An English 🇬🇧 translation of a presentation to the speech I gave about the main changes brought by CCS TSI 2023 at the biggest Czech conference on Communications and signalling systems on Railways, which was held in Clarion Hotel Olomouc from 7th to 9th November 2023 (konferenceszt.cz). Attended by around 500 participants and 200 on-line followers.
The original Czech 🇨🇿 version of the presentation can be found here: https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/hlavni-novinky-souvisejici-s-ccs-tsi-2023-2023-1695/269688092 .
The videorecording (in Czech) from the presentation is available here: https://youtu.be/WzjJWm4IyPk?si=SImb06tuXGb30BEH .
AppSec PNW: Android and iOS Application Security with MobSFAjin Abraham
Mobile Security Framework - MobSF is a free and open source automated mobile application security testing environment designed to help security engineers, researchers, developers, and penetration testers to identify security vulnerabilities, malicious behaviours and privacy concerns in mobile applications using static and dynamic analysis. It supports all the popular mobile application binaries and source code formats built for Android and iOS devices. In addition to automated security assessment, it also offers an interactive testing environment to build and execute scenario based test/fuzz cases against the application.
This talk covers:
Using MobSF for static analysis of mobile applications.
Interactive dynamic security assessment of Android and iOS applications.
Solving Mobile app CTF challenges.
Reverse engineering and runtime analysis of Mobile malware.
How to shift left and integrate MobSF/mobsfscan SAST and DAST in your build pipeline.
In the realm of cybersecurity, offensive security practices act as a critical shield. By simulating real-world attacks in a controlled environment, these techniques expose vulnerabilities before malicious actors can exploit them. This proactive approach allows manufacturers to identify and fix weaknesses, significantly enhancing system security.
This presentation delves into the development of a system designed to mimic Galileo's Open Service signal using software-defined radio (SDR) technology. We'll begin with a foundational overview of both Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and the intricacies of digital signal processing.
The presentation culminates in a live demonstration. We'll showcase the manipulation of Galileo's Open Service pilot signal, simulating an attack on various software and hardware systems. This practical demonstration serves to highlight the potential consequences of unaddressed vulnerabilities, emphasizing the importance of offensive security practices in safeguarding critical infrastructure.
"Scaling RAG Applications to serve millions of users", Kevin GoedeckeFwdays
How we managed to grow and scale a RAG application from zero to thousands of users in 7 months. Lessons from technical challenges around managing high load for LLMs, RAGs and Vector databases.
Northern Engraving | Nameplate Manufacturing Process - 2024Northern Engraving
Manufacturing custom quality metal nameplates and badges involves several standard operations. Processes include sheet prep, lithography, screening, coating, punch press and inspection. All decoration is completed in the flat sheet with adhesive and tooling operations following. The possibilities for creating unique durable nameplates are endless. How will you create your brand identity? We can help!
"Choosing proper type of scaling", Olena SyrotaFwdays
Imagine an IoT processing system that is already quite mature and production-ready and for which client coverage is growing and scaling and performance aspects are life and death questions. The system has Redis, MongoDB, and stream processing based on ksqldb. In this talk, firstly, we will analyze scaling approaches and then select the proper ones for our system.
Session 1 - Intro to Robotic Process Automation.pdfUiPathCommunity
👉 Check out our full 'Africa Series - Automation Student Developers (EN)' page to register for the full program:
https://bit.ly/Automation_Student_Kickstart
In this session, we shall introduce you to the world of automation, the UiPath Platform, and guide you on how to install and setup UiPath Studio on your Windows PC.
📕 Detailed agenda:
What is RPA? Benefits of RPA?
RPA Applications
The UiPath End-to-End Automation Platform
UiPath Studio CE Installation and Setup
💻 Extra training through UiPath Academy:
Introduction to Automation
UiPath Business Automation Platform
Explore automation development with UiPath Studio
👉 Register here for our upcoming Session 2 on June 20: Introduction to UiPath Studio Fundamentals: https://community.uipath.com/events/details/uipath-lagos-presents-session-2-introduction-to-uipath-studio-fundamentals/
This talk will cover ScyllaDB Architecture from the cluster-level view and zoom in on data distribution and internal node architecture. In the process, we will learn the secret sauce used to get ScyllaDB's high availability and superior performance. We will also touch on the upcoming changes to ScyllaDB architecture, moving to strongly consistent metadata and tablets.
For the full video of this presentation, please visit: https://www.edge-ai-vision.com/2024/06/temporal-event-neural-networks-a-more-efficient-alternative-to-the-transformer-a-presentation-from-brainchip/
Chris Jones, Director of Product Management at BrainChip , presents the “Temporal Event Neural Networks: A More Efficient Alternative to the Transformer” tutorial at the May 2024 Embedded Vision Summit.
The expansion of AI services necessitates enhanced computational capabilities on edge devices. Temporal Event Neural Networks (TENNs), developed by BrainChip, represent a novel and highly efficient state-space network. TENNs demonstrate exceptional proficiency in handling multi-dimensional streaming data, facilitating advancements in object detection, action recognition, speech enhancement and language model/sequence generation. Through the utilization of polynomial-based continuous convolutions, TENNs streamline models, expedite training processes and significantly diminish memory requirements, achieving notable reductions of up to 50x in parameters and 5,000x in energy consumption compared to prevailing methodologies like transformers.
Integration with BrainChip’s Akida neuromorphic hardware IP further enhances TENNs’ capabilities, enabling the realization of highly capable, portable and passively cooled edge devices. This presentation delves into the technical innovations underlying TENNs, presents real-world benchmarks, and elucidates how this cutting-edge approach is positioned to revolutionize edge AI across diverse applications.
From Natural Language to Structured Solr Queries using LLMsSease
This talk draws on experimentation to enable AI applications with Solr. One important use case is to use AI for better accessibility and discoverability of the data: while User eXperience techniques, lexical search improvements, and data harmonization can take organizations to a good level of accessibility, a structural (or “cognitive” gap) remains between the data user needs and the data producer constraints.
That is where AI – and most importantly, Natural Language Processing and Large Language Model techniques – could make a difference. This natural language, conversational engine could facilitate access and usage of the data leveraging the semantics of any data source.
The objective of the presentation is to propose a technical approach and a way forward to achieve this goal.
The key concept is to enable users to express their search queries in natural language, which the LLM then enriches, interprets, and translates into structured queries based on the Solr index’s metadata.
This approach leverages the LLM’s ability to understand the nuances of natural language and the structure of documents within Apache Solr.
The LLM acts as an intermediary agent, offering a transparent experience to users automatically and potentially uncovering relevant documents that conventional search methods might overlook. The presentation will include the results of this experimental work, lessons learned, best practices, and the scope of future work that should improve the approach and make it production-ready.
From Natural Language to Structured Solr Queries using LLMs
01 multimodal text-analysis-o'halloran_and_smith
1. MULTIMODAL TEXT ANALYSIS 1
Multimodal Text Analysis
Kay L. O’Halloran and Bradley A. Smith
National University of Singapore
kay.ohalloran@nus.edu.sg
semiosmith@gmail.com
Word Count: 2,785
Reference Word Count: 338
Multimodal text analysis has become a crucial part of research, teaching and practice for
a wide range of academic and practical disciplines. A variety of techniques, theoretical
frameworks and methodologies have therefore evolved for such analysis. For linguists, in
particular, concerned with accounting for the communication of meaning within texts, issues
arising from the consideration of semiotic resources other than language, in interaction with each
other and with language – such as gesture, gaze, proximics, dress, visual and aural art, image-text
relation and page-layout, cinematographic and sound design and production resources, etc – have
emerged in recent decades as important challenges. Meanwhile, the emergence of multimodal
studies as a distinct area of study in linguistics has also revealed a range of issues specifically
relevant to the multimodal text analyst.
2. MULTIMODAL TEXT ANALYSIS 2
Multimodal analysis includes the analysis of communication in all its forms, but is
particularly concerned with texts which contain the interaction and integration of two or more
semiotic resources – or ‘modes’ of communication – in order to achieve the communicative
functions of the text. Such resources include aspects of speech such as intonation and other vocal
characteristics, the semiotic action of other bodily resources such as gesture (face, hand and
body) and proximics, as well as products of human technology such as carving, painting, writing,
architecture, image and sound recording, and in more contemporary times, interactive computing
resources (digital media hardwares and softwares). Different semiotic resources bring with them
their own affordances and constraints, both individually and in combination, as well as analytical
challenges in terms of the natures of the media, the detail and scope of analysis, and the
complexities arising from the integration of semiotic resources across media.
While it has long been understood that human meaning in the round involves more than simply
the (written) language studied by the early linguists (cf Saussure’s observations on the need for a
semiological science (1916/1974, p. 16) “that studies the life of signs within society”), practical
and theoretical challenges have meant that it is only in recent decades that a distinct field of
multimodal studies has begun to emerge, and many issues remain unresolved within this field,
particularly with respect to text analysis. Halliday (1985) has observed that it wasn’t until the
wide availability of sound recording technology (in particular tape) that widespread empirical
study of authentic natural spoken discourse began, with profound consequences during the 1960s
and 1970s for linguistic theory and methodology. Yet studies of speech, as well as other
modalities have long remained tied to the analysis of transcriptions rather than a direct ongoing
3. MULTIMODAL TEXT ANALYSIS 3
engagement with the source text, bringing issues of transcription to the fore that are relevant to
multimodal text analysis (cf Ochs 1979 for a discussion). The reasons for this constraint are
clear: in the first instance, the difficulties of accessing and annotating dynamic audiovisual media
such as sound and film are manifest, and modern interactive hypermedia have added further
difficulties (e.g. Lemke 2002). Secondly, and as a result, without such access and annotation
capabilities a close repeated analytical attention to the source text has been difficult, meaning
either that theoretical development has tended to occur without extensive grounding in empirical
analysis, or when such grounding is present – where multimodal analysts derive general
principles from the close sustained study of multimodal phenomena within actual text - the texts
tend to be static (visual) media or such as can readily be examined and reproduced on the printed
page. If the texts analysed are dynamic, the issues both of transcription, multimodal analysis and
reproduction for publication are palpable, particularly in print-based approaches which offer
limited resources for multimodal text analysis (e.g. Baldry and Thibault 2006; O’Halloran, in
press a; O’Halloran et. al. 2010).
Two major strategies have thus emerged for dealing with these challenges, constituting
two of the major approaches by which multimodal text analyses can be characterised: one is to
explore theory, using text analysis as both test and illustration of the discussion of general
principles; and the other is explore actual texts, working from such analyses towards
generalizations. The first approach doesn’t assume and indeed problematises theory, and much of
the work is involved with comparing and integrating knowledge and practice from often
disparate theoretical traditions. Multimodal studies suits such an approach, when one considers
4. MULTIMODAL TEXT ANALYSIS 4
the wide range of disciplinary and theoretical traditions for which multimodality is relevant. In
this approach theoretical generalization is often applied to analyses across several different texts
and text types, in order to derive, test and illustrate general principles. The second approach is to
pay very close attention to and work from actual specific texts, where the focus is upon the text,
building up detailed description, often as a form of running annotation (particularly if the text is
dynamic), and usually adapting and applying an established theoretical and descriptive
framework but deriving descriptive generalizations out of such text analysis and modifying
theory as a result. In this approach, analytical detail is paramount, and again, the challenges of
access, transcription, analysis and reproduction in publication are all too apparent.
It is interesting to note that two pioneering works in multimodal text analysis, roughly
contemporaneous, can be characterised with respect to these generalizations. The first derives
from, among other influences, a synthesis of social semiotics, European semiotics and critical
discourse analysis traditions. The exemplar work is Kress and van Leeuwen (1996), where
powerful theoretical generalizations from these different schools of thought are applied,
calibrated and synthesized via consideration of a diverse range of texts. The multimodal text
analysis appears as both a reference and illustration for the discussion at hand; but it is the
theoretical discussion which drives the analysis and text description: generalizations are
paramount; while the analysis is usually conducted and presented discursively. Thus, Kress and
van Leeuwen (1996) begin a general discussion about the title of the book: highlighting the
different between a ‘grammatical’ and a ‘lexical’ approach to the semiotics of visual design from
the perspective of social semiotic theory, stressing the importance of the distinction between
5. MULTIMODAL TEXT ANALYSIS 5
formal and functional theories, and highlighting the relation of specific multimodal features,
structures and systems to more general social (particularly power) structures and (ideological)
forces:
The dominant visual language is now controlled by the global cultural/technological
empires of the mass media, which disseminate the examples set by exemplary
designers, and through the spread of image banks and computer imaging technology,
exert a ‘normalizing’ rather than explicitly ‘normative’ influence on visual
communication across the world. Much as it is the primary aim of this book to
describe the current state of the ‘grammar of visual design’, we will also discuss the
broad historical, social and cultural conditions that make and remake the visual
‘language’(Kress and van Leeuwen, 1996, pp. 4-5)
The second approach was pioneered and is best represented by the work of Michael
O’Toole (1994). O’Toole (1995, p. 159) provides an “adaptation of Systemic-Functional
grammar” as “at least some shared (or sharable) terminology and assumptions”, stating that:
My thesis is quite simple: Michael Halliday’s Systemic-Functional linguistics offers a
powerful and flexible model for the study of other semiotic modes besides natural
language, and its universality may be of particular value in evolving new discourses
about art.
6. MULTIMODAL TEXT ANALYSIS 6
Here, as in later work O’Toole’s work has a characteristically close analytical orientation
to specific texts, explicitly working, in the first instance, analytically from the text itself rather
than from perspectives outside of the text, such as historical, biographical or mythological
interpretations. O’Toole (1995, p. 159) prophetically argues that “a proper semiotics will only
grow out of a large body of analysis, description, interpretation and theory by people with a
range of orientations”.
Thus O’Toole advocates an approach that provides tools, adapted from linguistic theory
and description, for working from specific texts – and the title is significant in this regard; while
Kress and van Leeuwen (1996) develop an approach that explores generalizations out of the
study of different types of theory and text, and from the integration of theories to apply to texts
in general, including, importantly, extra-textual perspectives (e.g. related to the analysis of
ideology, historical power structures etc). However, O’Toole (1994) also later works towards
social semiotic generalizations, drawing upon a wider range of theoretical traditions; and Kress
and van Leeuwen include a wealth of useful analysis derived from the application of a coherent
theoretical framework: the difference, that is, is one of approach and aim.
In both these foundation works in multimodal studies, although reference is made to the
study of dynamic audiovisual text, there is a preponderance of static visual art as data. Earlier
multimodal text analysts also tend to either an analytical focus static visual text (eg Barthes’
famous 1957/1972 Paris Match analysis) or, when confronting dynamic (audio, visual) texts are
compelled to rely on discursive description or generalisation rather than on the presentation of
7. MULTIMODAL TEXT ANALYSIS 7
detailed empirical analysis as the foundation for discussion. In practical terms the analysis of
static art is relatively feasible even within the constraints of the printed page; while the
multimodal analysis of other media, as discussed earlier, points clearly to the difficulties of
representing on the printed page the mass and complexity of detail involved in multimodal
analysis, and of capturing the dynamism and dimensionality of audiovisual film, hypermedial
navigation etc (e.g. Baldry and Thibault 2006; Lemke 2002).
Thus while the difficulties of multimodal text analysis are apparent in most works which explore
this field, there has nevertheless been built up over time a corpus of detailed multimodal analysis
which has provided the means for testing, exploring and illustrating ideas about how multimodal
communication works. It is important to recognize in this respect that while it is only in recent
decades that extensive multimodal text analysis has heralded the emergence of a distinct field of
multimodal studies, in fact the study of multimodal communication and artefacts can of course
be found in the long lineage of works within anthropology, archeology, art criticism and history
(painting, sculpture, music, theatre, opera, film etc), computer science, engineering, psychology
and all fields of research engaged with human or non-human communication. The related
practical disciplines, such as the various forms of art, also provide ample material for multimodal
text analysts to draw upon. In addition, in recent decades the rapid increase in sophistication and
availability of technological (particularly computational) resources and techniques for analysis of
multimodal text has no doubt driven the rapid increase in multimodal analyses appearing within
a range of disciplines, vastly improving, as technology did for the study of speech earlier, our
access to and understanding of multimodal text using, for example, multimodal annotation
8. MULTIMODAL TEXT ANALYSIS 8
software (e.g. Praat, ELAN, MacVissta, see Rohlfing 2006). The ongoing development of
interactive digital techniques, along with the increasingly collaborative nature of research within
the twenty-first century, point to a period of further growth in coming years within this field.
It is clear that both the empiricism of detailed, exhaustive text analysis (coping with the
challenges this raises) and the ongoing problematisation and exploration of theoretical
generalization and abstraction are needed for the development of resources for and practice of
multimodal text analysis. In addition, multimodal text analysis requires the integration of both
low and high level analyses: as with early studies of intonation, the study of multimodality has
been centrally concerned with the material plane, the organization of the physical (including
technologically-driven) phenomena by which meaning is created, in their relation to higher level
grammatical and semantic organizations of such as abstract, semiotic systems and structures.
How to relate what Hjelmslev called the content and expression planes has been a central
challenge for multimodal analysts, and this challenge has become more acute as sophisticated
instrumental analysis – particularly computational automated techniques for feature extraction –
make possible the analysis of primarily low-level features within large corpora of multimodal
text. The availability of such techniques is both a great opportunity and difficulty for scholars of
multimodal communication: one major challenge is to trace and make explicit the path from such
automatically detected features to the socio-cultural patterns significant to multimodal analysis
of text, in ways that draw upon the respective riches of computational and semiotic sciences, as
well as the knowledge and practices of other disciplines such as mathematics, physics,
psychology, ethnography and so on. The immediate demands of multimodal text analysis in fact
9. MULTIMODAL TEXT ANALYSIS 9
become site for the exploration of synergies between disciplinary and theoretical traditions, as
we seek to understand actual texts through the kaleidoscope of the multitude of relevant
perspectives.
The variety of work and approaches within this range of somewhat disparate fields of
science and humanities research constitutes both a rich resource and a challenge for the
multimodal analyst. One must sort through the complementarities, inconsistencies and
redundancies of the different approaches and perspectives, working out which types of analysis
suit which research project - some approaches being more appropriate to certain tasks than
others. This has been a key issue with respect, in particular, to the adaptation and application of
linguistic theory and description, which has been an important influence upon multimodal
studies. Multimodal analysis must of course include analysis of language where relevant; but in
the analysis of semiotic resources other than language, whether involved in intersemiotic
relations with language or not within a particular text, the question of how much of linguistics
can be adapted for the analysis is still an open question (Machin 2009). It is important to note in
this respect the difference between the application of general theoretical principles, and the
adaption of a specific description (of, for example, language or languages): as O’Toole has
shown, it is the former (social semiotic theory) that drives the development of descriptions of
semiotic resources other than language, while the latter (linguistic descriptions) can nevertheless
provide useful materials, if appropriately adapted, for such descriptions. But the same question
can be applied to work within all relevant disciplines: determining the affordances and
10. MULTIMODAL TEXT ANALYSIS 10
constraints of theories, descriptions and methodology adapted and applied from existing
disciplines and traditions is a crucial challenge for multimodal text analysts.
Other issues remain for the multimodal text analyst. For example, the issue of corpus
constraint continues to challenge multimodal text analysts: gathering multimodal corpora has
become increasingly difficult, not the least because of ethical concerns which become acute
when audiovisual recording of naturally occurring discourse is available. There are also
difficulties in terms of data collection (such as the recording process itself, often involving
technical expertise not always at hand for multimodal analysts), and the dynamism and hyper-
textuality of contemporary interactive digital media has compounded this issue. The issues of
detail, scope and complexity also continue to bedevil multimodal analysts, an issue raised as
early as the 1960 study of psychiatric interview ‘The first five minutes’ (Pittenger et al 1960),
but becoming increasingly evident with the availability of sophisticated interactive digital
software applications which provide platforms for an ever-more minute analysis of multimodal
phenomena. As Halliday and Greaves (2008) point out, the human analyst can never be replaced
by computer-based or other technology-based approaches, but such resources increase the power
of our analytical reach (for example, via low-level feature extraction, mathematical processing,
visualization techniques), presenting richer but more complex and detailed phenomena to
analyse. A key issue for 21st century multimodal text analysis is to find principled ways of
sorting through and making sense of such complexity and detail.
11. MULTIMODAL TEXT ANALYSIS 11
The applications and value of multimodal text analysis are immense. Multimodal communication
is central to human existence, and yet such is the nature of multimodality – the joining of
abstraction and material in semiosis – that this is an area of the natural world that still remains
relatively underexplored, and not well understood, compared with the material plane. Jewitt
(2006) and others (e.g. Lemke 1998; O’Halloran 2010; Unsworth 2008) have shown how
important an understanding of multimodality is to the study of classroom discourse and
education; the integration of knowledge and techniques from multimodal semiotics science
promises new approaches to the development and study of computational science; and
multimodal text analysis has been shown to be crucial to a consideration of a wide range of
fields, (e.g. Jewitt 2009). The proliferation in forms of contemporary interactive digital media
and the ubiquity of their use puts demands upon scholars of human communication to keep up
with wider socio-cultural developments. What is required at this stage in the development of
multimodal studies as a field is the sort of empiricism of extensive text analysis such as
revolutionized the study of language during the 1960s and 1970s. To do this will inevitably
require that analysts of multimodality learn to use (particularly contemporary digital) multimodal
resources and techniques in order to appropriately deal with the natures of such media: to
paraphrase Firth (1957), to turn multimodal language back on itself.
Cross References
SEE ALSO: Multimodality and Technology; Kress, Gunther; van Leeuwen, Theo; O’Toole,
Michael
12. MULTIMODAL TEXT ANALYSIS 12
References
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