2. HISTORY
• The Olympic Winter Games is a major
international sporting event held once every four
years, for sports practiced on snow and ice.
• The first Winter Olympics took place in 1924 in
Chamonix, France.
• The Games were held every four years from 1924
to 1936, interrupted in 1940 and 1944 by World
War II, and celebrated again in 1948.
• Until 1992, the Winter and Summer Olympic
Games were held in the same years, but in 1986
the International Olympic Committee (IOC)
decided to place the Summer and Winter Games
on separate four-year cycles in alternating even-
numbered years, the next Winter Olympics after
1992 was in 1994.
3. 2018 HOST CITY:
PYEONGCHANG
• Pyeonchgang is a country of South
Korea located in the Taebaek
Mountains.
• It’s 180 km east of Seoul (the capital
city of South Korea).
• Population: 44,000
5. ALPINE SKIING
Alpine skiing is a discipline where the skier slides down snow-covered slopes on skis with fixed heel
bindings. The discipline is comprised of largely two types of disciplines: the speed (velocity) events
and the technical (skills) events. The speed events are Downhill and Super-G, and the technical events
are Giant Slalom and Slalom. In addition to these, there is another event called Alpine Combined that is
a mixture of Downhill and Slalom.
6. BIATHLON
Biathlon is a sport that combines cross-country skiing and rifle shooting, two events that are very
different from each other. Athletes strap the guns on their backs, ski for a certain distance, and then
stop to shoot at a designated target. The final ranking is decided according to the skiing time and the
accuracy of the shooting.
7. BOBSLEIGH
Bobsleigh began to be practiced as a sport in Switzerland in the late 19th century. In bobsleigh, athletes
ride a steerable sled down an ice track. And there are three events comprised of 4-man bobsleigh, 2-
man bobsleigh, and women´s bobsleigh.
8. CROSS-COUNTRY SKIING
Cross-country skiing is about gliding across a snow-covered field on skis in the shortest possible time
frame. The course is composed of three equal segments of uphill, level, and downhill fields and athletes
must employ classic or skate skiing techniques.
9. CURLING
Curling team is consisted of two or four athletes, and each team takes turn in throwing the curling
stone. When curling stone is thrown, athletes follow the movement of the stone and 'sweep' the ice
surface using 'broom' to control the direction and speed of the stone.
10. FIGURE SKATING
Figure skating is an ice sport where athletes wear bladed skates and perform different specific
acrobatic movements. They skate on the ice to music and are judged according to their accuracy and
the difficulty of their manoeuvres.
11. FREESTYLE SKIING
Freestyle skiing is an artistic competition performing aerial acrobatics while freely gliding down a slope,
and because of its diversified nature, an analogy is often drawn with a circus on the snow. Unlike Alpine
Skiing where athletes compete for speed, Freestyle Skiing characteristically allows athletes to compete
in aerial skills such as back flips and twists.
12. ICE HOCKEY
Ice Hockey is very popular at the Olympic Winter Games. An Ice Hockey game is played between two
teams consisting of 20 players and two goaltenders per team. The game is officiated by two referees
and two linesmen. The players on the ice for one team typically consist of three forwards, two
defensemen and one goalkeeper and each team tries to score by shooting the puck into its opponent’s
goal.
13. LUGE
A luge is a small sled on which the athlete sleds down 1,000 to 1,500m while lying down face up and
feet-first.
14. NORDIC COMBINED
Nordic Combined brings cross-country skiing and ski jumping together.. Since each athlete must carry
out both ski jumping, which requires high technique and audacity, and cross country skiing, which
takes great physical strength, it is one of the toughest ski disciplines of the Winter Olympic Games.
15. Short track speed skating
Short track speed skating is a skating competition that takes place on a 111.12m track in a 60x30m ice
rink. The ice rink is comparably shorter than the speed skating rink, so the sport is usually referred to
simply as short track. As the winner is the first athlete who crosses the finish line, the sport requires
more technique than power, more agility than durability.
16. SKELETON
The Skeleton is a toboggan that was used by North American Indians to transport freight in the winter.
Skeleton is one of the sliding types of speed sports events and the athlete speeds down a 1,200 -
1,500m ice track. The average maximum speed per hour is 120km.
17. SKI JUMPING
Ski jumping is a form of Nordic skiing where the skiers glide down a (35° - 37°) ramp at 90km/h to jump
and fly as far as they can go from the launching zone to make a stable landing in the landing section.
Because the soaring through the air is so beautiful, it is also called "the flower of ski sports". The
judges evaluate points based on flying, landing and style.
18. SNOWBOARD
Snowboard is a sport that uses a board attached to rider's feet to speed down a slope. Snowboard was
first developed as a sport in the United States in the 1960s. It was officially adopted as a formal
discipline at the Nagano 1998 Olympic Winter Games.
19. SPEED SKATING
Speed skating involves two athletes wearing skates that start simultaneously and compete speeding on
a 400m ice track. The 400m course distinguishes the "in" course from "out" course. A team of two
skaters are supposed to change lanes in a specified section in every circle, with the skater that started
in the "out" course coming to the "in" course and vice versa. .
22. HISTORY
• The Paralympic Games is an international multi-
sport event where athletes with physical
disabilities compete. This includes athletes with
mobility disabilities, amputations, blindness, and
cerebral palsy.
• They are held every four years directly following
the Winter Olympic Games. The Winter
Paralympics are also hosted by the city that
hosted the Winter Olympics.
• The Winter Paralympics began in 1976 in
Örnsköldsvik, Sweden. Those Games were the
first Paralympics (Summer or Winter) that
featured athletes other than wheelchair athletes.
24. Paralympic ALPINE SKIING
Paralympic Alpine Skiing was developed when injured veterans began practicing the sport after their
return from World War II. Just like Olympic Alpine Skiing, it features the following disciplines: Downhill,
Super-G, Super Combined, Giant Slalom and Slalom. Athletes are classified into Visually Impaired (B1-
B3), Standing (LW1-LW9) and Sitting (LW10-LW12) categories.
25. Para BIATHLON
Para Biathlon is a sport that combines cross-country skiing and rifle shooting, two disciplines that are
very different from each other. Para Biathlon athletes are divided into sitting, standing, and visually
impaired categories.
26. para CROSS-COUNTRY SKIING
Para Cross-country skiing for athletes with an impairment is about gliding across a snow-covered field
in the shortest possible time frame. Athletes are classified into sitting, standing, and visually impaired
categories for this discipline..
27. Para ICE HOCKEY
Para ice hockey is fast-paced, highly physical and played by male and female athletes with a physical
impairment in the lower part of the body. A Para ice hockey game is played between two teams
consisting of 13 players and two goalkeepers per team. The Game is officiated by a referee and two
linesmen.
28. Para SNOWBOARD
Para Snowboard is an adaptive version of Snowboard for athletes with impairments. Athletes are
classified into the upper limb(s) impairment (SB-UL) category and the lower limb(s) impairment (SBLL-1,
SBLL-2) category,
29. Para CURLING
Wheelchair curling is an adaptive version of curling, which is a popular winter sports, for the impaired.
In Europe and North America, it has been such a loved event that even senior clubs were formed a long
time ago
