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Music&movementbraindevelopment
1. The Brain
and Music
By: Madison, Angela, Milena,
and Tia
2. Article Review
Our brains:
• Dedicated to vision
• Finger movement etc.
• There is no one part of the brain that
is dedicated to music
• Various parts of the brain play
important roles
• Work together for us to understand
and appreciate music
4. Effects of Music Therapy in the
NICU
• When premature infants non-nutritive sucking (a skill needed for
bottle feeding and breastfeeding) was reinforced with musical stimuli
infants developed the skill faster
• Done ten minutes prior to nipple feeding increased state of
wakefulness and decreased time it took to ingest nutrition
6. Benefits of Parent-Infant
Music Programs
1 year old babies who participate in interactive music classes with
their parents as opposed to simply passive listening to music
showed infants to:
• Smile more
• Be easier to soothe
• Self soothe
• Communicate better
• Have earlier social interaction
• Develop earlier joint attention
• More sophisticated brain responses to music
7. Music and Early Childhood
Education in Mathematics
• Steady beat is processed in the premotor cortex of the
brain
• Related to increased attention
• Studies show that young children’s brain activity is more
engaged in “rhythm-only-music” (steady drum beat) then
acapella stimuli
8. Music and Math Cont’
Music makes the learning environment more enjoyable
• Promotes fun and learning
• Allows children to actively participate
• Highly social, natural and developmentally appropriate
way to engage even the youngest child in math
learning
9. The Effects of Musical
Training on Structural Brain
Development
Adult musicians in comparison to non-musicians show
structural and functional differences in the
sensorimotor, auditory, and multimodal integration
areas of the brain.
10. Longitudinal Study- Musical
Training and Structural Brian
Development
• Study looked at 15 children who received private keyboard
instruction for 15 months
• 16 children who did not (although were taking a weekly music class
at school)
• Children in each group went through a series of behavioural tests
and an MRI
*All research was approved by an ethics committee
11. The scientific power of music – this video will
lead into the benefits of music and health
promotion:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SePL2w5f6dE
12. Benefits of Music and Health
Promotion
• Pain therapy
• Reduced blood Pressure
• Speeds post stroke recovery
• Chronic headaches and migraine remedy
• Boosts immune system
• Increases IQ
• Improves memory performance
• Improves mood and decreases depression
13. Music and Pain Therapy
• Music serves as a distracter
• Music gives the patient a sense of control
• Music causes the body to release endorphins that counteract pain
• Slow music relaxes a person by slowing breathing and heartbeat
14. Music and Post-Stroke Recovery
Patients in Finland who listened to music for a few
hours a day showed significant improvement in:
• Verbal memory
• Attention span
• This was as compared to patients who did not
15. Music and the Immune System
When someone has a profound and positive emotional
experience with the music they are listening to or
singing:
• There is an increase in the secretion of immune
boosting hormones
• There is a decrease in the secretion of cortisol (stress
related hormone)
* higher levels of cortisol can result in decreased
immune response
16. Music and IQ
Listening to music or playing an instrument can actually
make a person learn better and lead to increased brain
function in:
• Reading and literacy skills
• Spatial-temporal reasoning
• Mathematical abilities
• Emotional Intelligence
17. Music and Memory
• Children who take music lessons develop a better
memory compared to children who have no music
training
• Information learned while listening to a particular song
can often be recalled simply by replaying the song
mentally
* It is important to note that in order for songs to increase
recall abilities they must not have a vocal components
18. Music, Mood, and Depression
Music reduces stress and anxiety and even depression by:
• Increasing physical relaxation
• Aid in stress relief activities
• Reduce negative emotions
19. Discussion Questions
1. Does the kind of music we listen to affect how we
act?
A: YES. A slower paced type of music such as classic will slow
down our heart rate and relax us, where as a more fast paced
song may increase our heart rate and can affect our emotions
where we may react to a scenario more aggressively
2. If music is so beneficial for many health reasons and brain
functioning, then do you think it should be more widely used in
our education?
(For example: should it be more of a mandatory part of our
education just how English and math are)
20. References
Bentsson, S.L., Ullen, F., Ehrsson, H.H., Hashimoto, T., Kito, T., Naito, E.,
Forssberg, H., & Norihiro, S. (2008) Elsevier. doi
10.1016/j.cortex.2008.07.002.
Geist, K., Geist, E.A., & Kuznik, K. (2012). The patterns of music: Children
birth through 5 learning through beat, rhythm, and melody.
National Association for Education of Young Children.
Hyde, K.L., Lerch, J., Norton, A., Foregeard, M., Winner, E., Evans, A.C.,
& Schlaug, G. (2009). The effects of musical training on
structural brain development: A longitudinal
study. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 1169182-
186. doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04852.x
21. References (Cont’)
McMaster University (2012, May 9). Babies’ brains benefit from music l
essons, even before they can walk and talk. ScienceDaily,
Retrieved January 15, 2013, from
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05.120509123653.htm
Standley, J.M., Cassidy, J., Grant, R., Cevasco, A., Szuch, C., Nguyen, J.,
&...Adams, K. (2010). The effect of music reinforcement for non-
nutritive sucking on nipple feeding of premature infants. Pediatric
Nursing. 36(3). 138-145.
