This document discusses rice husk ash based geopolymer concrete. Geopolymer concrete is an alternative to traditional cement-based concrete that uses industrial byproducts like rice husk ash instead of cement. It has lower CO2 emissions and improved properties like chemical resistance. The document outlines how rice husk ash can be used as a source material in geopolymer concrete production due to its pozzolanic properties. Experimental results show rice husk ash improves strength and corrosion resistance of geopolymer concrete. While more expensive than traditional concrete, geopolymer concrete offers sustainability benefits and rice husk ash utilization provides an outlet for a waste product.

1. RICE HUSK ASH BASED
GEOPOLYMER CONCRETE
Prepared by
SHASWAT KUMAR DAS, ALOK PATEL AND
JYORIMOY MISHRA
GOVT. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KEONJHAR,ODISHA

2. Table of contents
1. Introduction
2. What is Geopolymer concrete
3. Why Geopolymer concrete
4. What is RHA?
5. Properties of RHA
6. RHA in Geopolymer concrete production
7. Advantages and disadvantages
8. Conclusions

3. 1.Introduction
 Concrete is the most widely used material after water around the globe.
 Cement is the most essential ingredient of concrete.
 Cement is both energy and resource intensive material.
 Cement industries nearly contributes around 7% of CO2 gas which leads to global
worming.

4. Image Source- Internet

5. What is Geopolymer concrete
 It is the concrete without cement and very negligible water .
 The basic component of this concrete are :-
1.Source materials :
alumina-silicate (pozzolanic materials) (fly-ash, GGBS, kaolinite, RHA
etc.)
2.Alkaline liquids :
combination of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or potassium hydroxide
(KOH)and sodium silicate or potassium silicate.
 The alkali solutions are reacts with the pozzolanic materials, its may be
from geological or industrial origin and make polymerization reaction
to form a matrix so the concrete called as geo-polymer concrete.

6. Image source- Internet

7. Aggregates
(fine + course)
+
Pozzolanic materials
(fly-ash, RHA,GGBS)
+
Alkaline liquids (mix.
Of NaOH+Na2SiO3
or KaOH+K2SiO3)
Polymerization
process
Geopolymer
concrete

8. Why Geopolymer concrete ?
 To reduce the co2 emission by totally replacing the cement.
 To produce concrete with very negligible water.
 To use the industrial by-product for a beneficial purpose, e.g. – fly-ash ,
RHA, GGBS, kaolinite, clay etc.
 To conserve the hundreds of thousands of acres currently used for
disposal of these solid wastes by our industries.
 To provide a new , durable and eco-friendly engineering construction
material.

9. What is Rice Husk Ash
 Rice husk ash is a carbon neutral ,residual by-product of rice milling industry.
 RHA is a super pozzolana and can be used as a source material in Geopolymer
concrete.
 The annual production of RHA in worldwide is about 123 million tons and in
India its around 20 million tons.

10. Properties of RHA
a. Physical properties:
 The RHA is a very porous and fine material having particle size range
of 5-75 micron.
 The physical properties of RHA largely depend on burning conditions.

11. b. Chemical properties:
 The RHA contains a large amount of amorphous silica, its around 85-
95% of its weight.
 The RHA contains some other oxides in very small quantity as given
by the table -

12. RHA in Geopolymer concrete
 The RHA can be used as a source material in Geopolymer concrete in
addition with GGBS.
 The RHA can be used as an alternative of fly ash in Geopolymer concrete.
 According to various researchers it is suggested that the maximum RHA
can be used in Geopolymer is 20% of the total source material.
 The RHA based Geopolymer concrete has a higher resistance to chloride
attack as compere to the fly ash based Geopolymer concrete.

13. Experimental investigation's
a. Strength properties
 The addition of RHA in Geopolymer concrete enhances its strength but
the percentage is limited to 25-30 percent.
 Some researcher suggested that the maximum RHA can e used in
Geopolymer concrete is 10%, after this percentage the negative effect
is noted on the strength.

14. Chemical resistance
Corrosion Resistance
 By adding the RHA in Geopolymer concrete the corrosion resistance of the
concrete is increased.
 This is happening due the extra fineness of the RHA which makes the concrete
impermeable to the chloride ions.
Sulfate Resistance
 The sulfate resistance of the RHA based Geopolymer concrete is more than the
conventional concrete as it contains no free lime.
Cement Water
CHS Gel +
Free Lime

15. (Sulfate attack)(Chloride attack)

16. Disadvantages
 The Geopolymer concrete has no such advantages for which it cant be
implemented but economy is a concern.
 The cost of alkaline liquids are a little bit high but as the RHA and other
waste materials are free off cost the economy can be balanced.
 The Geopolymer concrete needs skilled labor to prepare.
 It is quit tough to make it on the site but its not impossible.

17. Future research scopes
 The alkaline liquids are costly so if these can be replaced by other
cheap liquids or chemicals without hampering the basic properties the
Geopolymer the this will be one of the biggest invention in Geopolymer
concrete.
 In the near future there will be a scarcity of fly- ash as the thermal
power plants will be shut down so RHA based Geopolymer concrete
has a enormous fortune ahead.

18. Conclusions
 The has the true potential to be used in Geopolymer concrete as an alternative
of OPC.
 The RHA enhances the basic properties of Geopolymer concrete in addition
with its resistance to various chemical attacks.
 Using RHA in concrete is one of the most wise step for the whole mankind as
it supports the sustainability concept.

19. As A civil engineer, I request all of you to use eco-friendly materials
and help creating A better environment.
THANK YOU

20. References
1.Mehta, P.K.: Reducing the Environmental Impact of Concrete, ACI Concrete
International, 23 (10), pp. 61-66, 2001.
2.McCaffrey, R., “Climate Change and the Cement Industry”, Global Cement and
Lime Magazine (Environmental Special Issue), 2002 pp. 15-19
3. Davidovits, J, “Soft Mineralogy and Geopolymers”,Proceedings of the of
Geopolymer 88 International Conference, the Université de
Technologie,Compiègne, France, 1988.
4.Mehta, P.K., Method for Producing a Blended Cementitious Composition,
United States Patent, No. US 6451104 B2, 2002.
5. Saraswathy, V. And H. Song, 2007. Corrosion performance of Rice Husk Ash
Blended Concrete. Construction and Building materials, 21(8): 1779-1784