Types of Authorities[edit] The types of political authority were first defined by Max Weber in his essay "Politics as a Vocation" and his other writings in 1919-1920. In this essay he emphasized that the political authority that controlled the state can be composed of the following types of authority, or what is called in German as Herrschaft.[3] Traditional Authority: Power legitimized by respect for long-established cultural patterns. Charismatic Authority: Power legitimized by extraordinary personal abilities that inspire devotion and obedience. Rational-Legal Authority: Also known as bureaucratic authority, is when power is legitimized by legally enacted rules and regulations such as governments.

1. Concept Of Authority.Concept Of Authority.
By- Rajat SharmaBy- Rajat Sharma
BBA (FB) 2BBA (FB) 2ndnd
yearyear
164600018164600018

2. Meaning: Authority.Meaning: Authority.
 The power or right to give orders, makeThe power or right to give orders, make
decisions, and enforce obedience.decisions, and enforce obedience.
ExampleExample:-‘he had absolute authority over his:-‘he had absolute authority over his
subordinates’.subordinates’.
OROR
 The right to act in a specified way, delegatedThe right to act in a specified way, delegated
from one person or organization to another.from one person or organization to another.‘‘
ExampleExample:- military forces have the legal authority:- military forces have the legal authority
to arrest drug traffickers’.to arrest drug traffickers’.

3. Types: Authority.Types: Authority.
 Traditional AuthorityTraditional Authority :: Power legitimized by Power legitimized by
respect for long-established cultural patterns.respect for long-established cultural patterns.
 Charismatic Authority:Charismatic Authority: Power legitimized by Power legitimized by
extraordinary personal abilities that inspireextraordinary personal abilities that inspire
devotion and obedience.devotion and obedience.
 Rational-Legal Authority:Rational-Legal Authority: Also known as Also known as
bureaucratic authority, is when power isbureaucratic authority, is when power is
legitimized by legally enacted rules andlegitimized by legally enacted rules and
regulations such as governments.regulations such as governments.

4. Sources: Authority.Sources: Authority.
 Position or post:-Position or post:-
The position or post or leave of the managers or employees may haveThe position or post or leave of the managers or employees may have
shortened authorities. The personal capacity can defer actual practice ofshortened authorities. The personal capacity can defer actual practice of
such authorities.such authorities.
 Formal Sources of authorities:-Formal Sources of authorities:-
According to this sources or theory authorities is created or originated fromAccording to this sources or theory authorities is created or originated from
the real owners and it is transfer to the top level management. For e.g. CEOthe real owners and it is transfer to the top level management. For e.g. CEO
can receive authority from BOD, and delegates such authorities to be lowercan receive authority from BOD, and delegates such authorities to be lower
levels.levels.
 Acceptance theory of Authority:-Acceptance theory of Authority:-
Another source of authority is acceptance from the sub-ordinates. If theAnother source of authority is acceptance from the sub-ordinates. If the
ideas, activities, opinions and procedures followed by the superiors areideas, activities, opinions and procedures followed by the superiors are
accepted by the sub-ordinates than only the authorities than only theaccepted by the sub-ordinates than only the authorities than only the
authorities can be practice such sources or authorities is known asauthorities can be practice such sources or authorities is known as
acceptance theory.acceptance theory.

5. Sources: Authority.Sources: Authority.
 Competence theory:-Competence theory:-
According to this theory, Authorities also dirges from theAccording to this theory, Authorities also dirges from the
personal skills, knowledge experience, extra-ordinarypersonal skills, knowledge experience, extra-ordinary
academic excellence such factors shown theacademic excellence such factors shown the
competency of the managers.competency of the managers.
 Environmental factors:-Environmental factors:-
The authorities is also creates or formed the externalThe authorities is also creates or formed the external
environmental forces in another words degree ofenvironmental forces in another words degree of
authority can be increased or decreased based on favorauthority can be increased or decreased based on favor
and unfavored situation of environment. It theand unfavored situation of environment. It the
environment is favorable then the manager can usedenvironment is favorable then the manager can used
maximum degree of authorities.maximum degree of authorities.

6. Acceptance: Authority.Acceptance: Authority.
 Management theorist Chester Barnard believedManagement theorist Chester Barnard believed
organizations need to be both effective andorganizations need to be both effective and
efficient. Effective means meeting organizationalefficient. Effective means meeting organizational
goals in a timely way. Efficient, in his opinion,goals in a timely way. Efficient, in his opinion,
means the degree to which the organization canmeans the degree to which the organization can
satisfy the motives of its employees. In othersatisfy the motives of its employees. In other
words, the organizational goals will bewords, the organizational goals will be
accomplished and authority will be acceptedaccomplished and authority will be accepted
when workers feel satisfied that their individualwhen workers feel satisfied that their individual
needs are being met. This is known as theneeds are being met. This is known as the
acceptance theory of authority.acceptance theory of authority.

7. Delegation: Authority.Delegation: Authority.
 A manager alone cannot perform all the tasksA manager alone cannot perform all the tasks
assigned to him. In order to meet the targets, theassigned to him. In order to meet the targets, the
manager should delegate authority. Delegationmanager should delegate authority. Delegation
of Authority means division of authority andof Authority means division of authority and
powers downwards to the subordinate.powers downwards to the subordinate.
Delegation is about entrusting someone else toDelegation is about entrusting someone else to
do parts of your job. Delegation of authority cando parts of your job. Delegation of authority can
be defined as subdivision and sub-allocation ofbe defined as subdivision and sub-allocation of
powers to the subordinates in order to achievepowers to the subordinates in order to achieve
effective results.effective results.

8. Principle of Delegation:Principle of Delegation:
Authority.Authority.

9. Obstacles To Delegation:Obstacles To Delegation:
Authority.Authority.
 Obstacles related to the Supervisor.Obstacles related to the Supervisor.
 Obstacles related to Subordinates.Obstacles related to Subordinates.
 Obstacles related to Organizations.Obstacles related to Organizations.

10. References.References.
 1) https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/authority1) https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/authority
 2) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Authority_(sociology)2) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Authority_(sociology)
 3) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Authority_(sociology)3) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Authority_(sociology)
 4) http://study.com/academy/lesson/chester-barnard-4) http://study.com/academy/lesson/chester-barnard-
informal-organizations-and- acceptance-theory.htmlinformal-organizations-and- acceptance-theory.html
 5)5)
http://www.managementstudyguide.com/delegation_of_ahttp://www.managementstudyguide.com/delegation_of_a
uthority.htmuthority.htm
 6) http://www.free-management-6) http://www.free-management-
ebooks.com/faqps/delegation-02.htmebooks.com/faqps/delegation-02.htm
 7)7)
https://managementinnovations.wordpress.com/2008/12/https://managementinnovations.wordpress.com/2008/12/
19/obstacles-in-the-delegation-process/19/obstacles-in-the-delegation-process/