Identify the main issues in Urban Transport Planning in Africa. What.pdf

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Identify the main issues in Urban Transport Planning in Africa. What can Governments do to effectively resolve those issues Solution Urban Transport Planning is one of the crucial issues in Africa, because of rapid growth in urbanization. According to a study conducted jointly by Africa-European Union (EU) partnership, a takeoff in urbanization is to take place in Africa, where around 50% of the total population in Africa will move to urban areas by 2025 with rapid growth in secondary cities. The main challenges in Urban Transport Planning in Africa are: 1. The current condition reveals that, except few capital cities, most of the urban areas are with poor urban planning. 2. People have not realized the importance of paratransit services, the current paratransit services are fragmented and private owned, with very poor quality of service. 3. Another issue in Urban Africa is that of poor road safety and poor design of urban roads. In Africa, the urban roads are 7% of total urban area. Where as in Europe, it is 30% and it is 20% in Latin America. 4. The governance of urban transport in Africa is very challenging. The institutional framework and the planning is very weak in Urban Africa. There is no coherence between planning and budgeting. Some of the ways to tackle this issues are: 1. Strengthening the institutional framework and governance on urban transports. 2. Increasing the investments in urban transport sector, by making public private partnership (PPP) design. 3. Implementing effective policies at city level 4. Looking for financial cooperation from various NGOs and international bodies to improve the infrastructure 5. Issuing proper guidelines for the public regarding the urban transport facilities and spread awareness among people about using public transport instead of individual modes 6. Seeking technical and financial assistance from developing countries, which might have faced same kind of issues in the past. 7. Usage of energy efficient and fuel efficient vehicles for being environmental friendly and for sustainable development. Through the above mentioned ways the governments can effectively resolve the issues in Urban Transport in Africa..

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At one time, the country of Aquilonia had no banks, but had currency of $10 million. Then a banking system was established with a reserve requirement of 20 percent. The people of Aquilonia deposited half of their currency into the banking system. If banks do not hold excess reserves, what is Aquilonia\'s money supply now? Solution Answer: $9 million Total currency in country : $10 million Total bank deposits : 10/2 = $5 million Required reserve =20% of $5 million = $1 million. As bank doesn\'t hold excess reserve, it will lend all the deposits except required reserve. Hence total money supply of country will be $9 million ( $5 + $4).

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A certain element has a half life of 4.5 billion years. a. You find a rock containing a mixture of the element and lead. You determine that 30% of the original element remains; the other 70% decayed into lead. How old is the rock? b. Analysis of another rock shows that it contains 5555% of its original element; the other 4545% decayed into lead. How old is the rock? Solution Decay constant = 0.693/half life = 0.693/4.5 = 0.154 So element has decayed to 30 % So, A(t) = Aoe^(-kt) 0.3 = 1*e^(-0.154t) take log on both sides: ln(0.3)= -0.154t t = 7.81 billion years Rock is 7.81 billion year old b) Remaining element = 55% So, 0.55 = 1e^(-0.154t) take log on both sides: ln0.55 = -0.154t t = 3.88 billion years Rock is 3.88 billion year old.

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Workforce Management also called Human Resource Management manages one of a firm’s most valuable and important resources, its employees. HR Management makes certain employees are being effectively utilized accomplishing an organizations’ and individual’s goals. Describe the evolution of workforce management and Frederick Taylor’s involvement and influence with this evolution. Solution Answer: Human resource management focuses on opening up labourer productivity. Human resource management specialists manage the human capital of an affiliation and focus on realizing courses of action and methods. They can rehearse on selecting, getting ready, labourer relations or preferences. Enrolling geniuses find and contract top capacity. Getting ready and headway specialists ensure that labourers are arranged and have tireless change. This is done through preparing programs, execution assessments and reward programs. Representative relations manage worries of workers when arrangements are broken, for example, in cases including provocation or segregation. Somebody in benefits creates remuneration structures, family-leave projects, rebates and different advantages that workers can get. On the opposite side of the field are Human Resources Generalists or business accomplices. These HR experts could work in all regions or be work relations agents working with unionized representatives. In new businesses, prepared experts may perform HR obligations. In bigger organizations, a whole practical gathering is ordinarily devoted to the train, with staff work in different HR assignments and useful authority taking part in key basic leadership over the business. To prepare experts for the calling, foundations of advanced education, proficient affiliations, and organizations have built up projects of concentrate devoted expressly to the obligations of the capacity. Scholastic and specialist associations may deliver field-particular distributions. HR is additionally a field of research examine that is famous inside the fields of Management and modern/authoritative brain science, with look into articles showing up in various scholarly diaries, incorporating those said later in this article. A few organizations globalize and frame more different groups. HR divisions have the part of ensuring that these groups can work and that individuals can convey crosswise over societies and crosswise over fringes. Because of changes in trade, current points in HR incorporate assorted variety and consideration and in addition utilizing innovation to propel representative engagement. In the current worldwide workplace, most organizations concentrate on bringing down worker turnover and on holding the ability and information held by their workforce. New enlisting involves a high cost as well as expands the danger of a newcomer not having the capacity to supplant the individual who worked in a position some time recently. HR divisions endeavour to offer advantages that will engage specia.

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Where has healthcare information management been historically? How has the introduction of technology dramatically changed the landscape? How has the introduction of technology increased the need for and importance of proper management? Solution . The name of the function changed from medical records management to health information management as enhancements in technology expanded responsibilities from managing paper records to managing the full scope of the process of collecting and sharing electronically- captured information among disparate entities. The history of health information management begins with the simplest form of recording a patient’s symptoms, complaints and treatment for the use of one provider, to a comprehensive aggregation, integration and harmonization of data to support collaboration among providers, researchers and administrators. The First Medical Records The earliest forms of medical records were narratives written by ancient Greeks to document successful cures, share observations about symptoms and outcomes, and teach others who provided medical advice through these case studies. While written reports describing patients’ complaints and diagnoses predate the records of Simon Forman and Richard Napier – astrologers who documented clients’ medical questions and treatment – their records from 1596 to 1634 form the earliest complete collection of medical records in existence. The 1920s As healthcare advanced, physicians realized that the best way to continue improving diagnosing and treating illnesses was to carefully document observations and actions while treating patients – and share this information as a way to teach other health professionals. As early as 1600, physicians offered advice on how to present information in a medical record, but it wasn’t until 1928 that the American College of Surgeons (ACOS) took steps to standardize the growing number of medical records by establishing the American Association of Record Librarians (AARL) – known today as the American Health Information Management Association (AHIMA). “Record librarians” was the term used because early medical records were documented on paper. Standardization of medical records and growth of complete record-keeping continued from the 1920s through the 1960s, but records were paper-based. The 1960s The development of computers presented the opportunity to maintain records electronically, but the expense of purchasing and maintaining a mainframe, and the expense associated with storage of data, meant that only the largest organizations could use technology to handle medical records. The field of health informatics, as it is known today, emerged when computer technology became sophisticated enough to manage large amounts of data. One of the earliest efforts took place under the jurisdiction of the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). These first standards addressed laboratory message exchange, properties for electronic health record syste.

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What were the successes and failures of the Progressive Movement, and how might one account for these? Why did this movement come to an end by 1920? Solution I think that the Progressive thinkers did a great deal to ensure that all voices in the political discourse are heard and to promote the general welfare of American citizens. The reforms of the political establishment, ensuring that leaders are responsive the needs of its citizens and curtailing the abuses of those in the position of power cannot be ignored. At the same time, the emergence of a battle for workers\' rights and the need to ensure that the relationship between industrialists and those who work to make the money for them is a bit more representative in terms of demands of work compensation, hours, and conditions. Finally, the idea of focusing on \"how the other half lives\" was not only something seen in the work of Jacob Riis, but actually a theme of the Progressives\' movement with the work of the Muckrakers as well as the overall motivation of the movement. Although the Progressive Era was a period of broad reform movements and social progress, it was also characterized by loose, multiple, and contradictory goals that impeded the efforts of reformers and often pitted political leaders against one another, most drastically in the Republican Party. For instance, national Progressive leaders such as Roosevelt argued for increased federal regulation to coordinate big business practices while others, like Wilson, promised to legislate for open competition. At the local, municipal, and state level, various Progressive reformers advocated for disparate goals that ranged as wide as prison reform, education, government reorganization, urban improvement, prohibition, female suffrage, birth control, improved working conditions, labor reform, and child labor reform. Although significant advancements were made in social justice and reform on a case by case basis, there was little local effort to coordinate reformers on a wide platform of issues. Furthermore, despite the Bull Moose Party\'s declaration of a Progressive Party Platform, the American public viewed it more as coalition of fervent Roosevelt supporters, rather than any comprehensive party platform that accounted for the range of Progressive concerns. Furthermore, the Progressive Movement was also an exclusive phenomenon that was restricted to the white, Protestant, educated middle class. Racism often pervaded most progressive reform efforts, as evidenced by the suffrage movement. Specifically, as women campaigned for the vote, most progressives argued on behalf of female suffrage as a necessary reform to combat the influence of \"corrupted\" or \"ignorant\" black voters in the election booth. Civil Rights and Progressive Reforms were thus mostly exclusionary projects that had little real influence on each other in the early twentieth century. Finally, many Progressive achievements were frustrated by the federal court system,.

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What is the difference between private sector, nonprofit sector, and public sector? How are they managed differently? Solution Public Sector Public sector companies are run and governed by the federal, state, or local governments. There can be two types of such companies - the government departments (e.g. police, post, rail, hospitals and so on) and companies owned by the governments (e.g. banks, manufacturing units). The basic objectives of the government departments are serving the citizens and not profit making. The basic objectives of the companies owned by the government (i.e. government is the majority shareholder) can, however, be profit making. The government departments raise money from the tax paid by the taxpayers while the revenue and profit of the government-owned companies can come from selling products and services. Public sector companies are managed primarily by the government through its large chain of command, stringent and commonized policies, and the government officials. There is often hardly any relationship between the reward and performance and so it is difficult to motivate the employees of the public sectors to perform as per the expectations. Private Sector Private sectors companies are those owned and managed by private entities (individuals, groups, or companies). Again, there can be two types of such companies - the private limited and the public companies. For the private limited companies, the shareholding is closely held by the owners. For public companies, the shares are quoted in the share market and are open for purchase to the general public. Both the types of companies\' primary objective is profit making. Public companies are however come under more severe regulator\'s scrutiny as being listed in the share market. They need to approve their major decisions from the shareholders before implementing them. So, they are managed by the shareholders (at least by principle). On the contrary, the private companies can make decisions with the owners\' approval only. The management of private companies seems apparently easy. The public companies, however, have greater access to funds from the shareholders and owners. Non-profit sector Non-profit sector companies are created for purposes other than making profits. There can be two types again - public non-profits and private non-profits. The profits earned by these companies are not accumulated in the form of reserves and surpluses but invested in some charitable purposes. Public non-profits receive their funds from the donations of citizens and enterprises. Private non-profits arrange funds primarily from the dedicated donors or investment income. As far as management of these organizations is concerned, there is no clash of reward vs. performance as that in case of the public sector. The management can be very effective. The cash outflow can be in terms of salary paid to the employees. The only difference with profit- making firms is that the profit for these fi.

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ROT13 (rotate by 13 places) is a simple letter substitution cipher that is an example of a Caesar cipher used by Julius Caesar. ROT13 replaces a letter with the letter 13 letters after it in the alphabet. (A==>N, B==>O, C==>P, etc...) So, the translation of the word COMPUTER using ROT13 would be PBZCHGRE. Write a C++ program that asks the user for the name of an input file and translates the contents of that file using ROT13. Your program should also save the results of the translation into another file with a \".rot13\" file extension. Submit: Fully documented and compilable source code Documentation should include: Pseudocode Top comment block (The name of the program, The name of the programmer, The date of the program, and A brief description of the purpose of the program) Function comments (Description, pre and post conditions) Internal comments for all functions Solution Pseudocode : 1. Input the string to encrypt 2. Encrypt the string by using ROT13 ceaser cipher method 3. If the given string is an alpha string and If tolower(string) –a is lesser than 14 , use the + 13 key to append 4. If tolower(string) –a is greater than 14 , use the - 13 key to append 5. Output the encrypted result. Program : #include #include #include using namespace std; string ROT13(string msg) { string encrypted; for (size_t i = 0; i < msg.size(); ++i) { if (isalpha(msg[i])) { if ((tolower(msg[i]) - \'a\') < 14) encrypted.append(1, msg[i] + 13); else encrypted.append(1, msg[i] - 13); } else { encrypted.append(1, msg[i]); } } return encrypted; } int main() { string msg; string s; cout << \"Enter the message: \" << flush; getline(cin, msg); cout << \"Encryted message : \" << ROT13(msg) << endl; } Output : Enter the message: abcdefgh Encryted Text : nopqrstu.

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question.(player, entity ,field and base.java codes are given) Stopping Player All players need to stay within the eld boundaries. This rst class you write will lay some of the foundation for the logic needed in all your players. Create a class called Stopping that extends the Player class. A Stopping player will initially move in a random direction and stops moving when it reaches the border of the playing eld (without leaving the playing eld). The direction that a player moves in is determined by its speed in each direction: speedX and speedY. You will add this logic to manipulate the speed attributes for stopping in its play() method. Take care to notice that the images of the players have some size to them. Your player should not “visually” leave the eld. All parts of the image should be on or inside the eld boundaries. player class; public abstract class Player extends Entity{ /** this player\'s team name */ protected String team; /** this player\'s name */ protected String name; /** this player\'s number */ protected int number; /** gets this player\'s team name * * @return the team name that this player is on */ public final String getTeam(){ return this.team; } /** gets this player\'s name * * @return the name of this player */ public final String getName(){ return this.name; } /** gets this player\'s number * * @return the number of this player */ public final int getNumber(){ return this.number; } /** creates a player with specified symbol at specified position * * @param f is the field the player will be playing on * @param side is the side of the field the player will play on * @param name is this name of the player * @param number is this player\'s number * @param team is this player\'s team name * @param symbol is a character (char) representation of this player * @param x is the x-coordinate of this player * @param y is the y-coordinate of this player */ public Player(Field f, int side, String name, int number, String team, char symbol, double x, double y){ super(symbol, x, y); this.name = name; this.number = number; this.team = team; f.registerPlayer(this, this.id, side); // register the player on the field } /** attempt to catch an opponent player * * @param opponent a player on the opponent\'s team that you are trying to catch * @param field is the field the game is being played on * @return true if this player successfully catches the opponent player, false otherwise */ public final boolean catchOpponent(Player opponent, Field field){ return field.catchOpponent(this, opponent); } /** Informs this player that they have been caught by another player. * * This method should only be called from within the Field class. * * @param opponent is the player that caught this player * @param id should be the id of the this player */ public void beenCaught(Player opponent, int id){ /* check if the caller knows this entity\'s id */ if( this.id != id ){ throw new SecurityException(\"Unauthorized attempt to call beenCaught \"); } } /** att.

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Question 25 A Multilateral agreement in which countries signed to ban the trade of products that deplete the Ozone layer Doha Round 2001, Qatar Kyoto Protocol 1995, Japan Montreal Protocol 1991, Canada Uruguay round 1986, Uruguay Moving to another question will save this response. Solution Montreal Protocal 1991, Canada. The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer is an international treaty designed to protect the ozone layer by phasing out the production of numerous substances that are responsible for ozone depletion. (c) is correct..

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Prove. Let n be a natural number. Any set of n integers {a1, a2, . . . , an} for which no two are congruent modulo n is a complete residue system modulo n. Solution There are n distinct residues in complete residue system Since given set have n integers and no two are congruent modulo n hence we have a set of n distinct residues modulo n. ANd hence the given set is a complete residue system modulo n.

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1Write a Java program that calculates and displays the Fibonacciseries, defined by the recursive formula F(n) = F(n-1) + F(n-2). F(0) and F(1) are given on the command line.Define and use a class Fib with the following structure: public class Fib { // constructorpublic Fib(int f0, int f1){.....} // computes F(n) using an ***iterative*** algorithm, where F(n) = F(n-1) + F(n-2) is the recursive definition. // use instance variables that store F(0) and F(1). // check parameter and throw exception if n < 0. Don\'t worry about arithmetic overflow. public int f(int n) {....} // computes F(n) using the ***recursive*** algorithm, where F(n) = F(n-1) + F(n-2) is the recursive definition. // use instance variables that store F(0) and F(1).// check parameter and throw exception if n < 0. Don\'t worry about arithmetic overflow. public int fRec(int n) {....} public static void main(String[] args){ // get numbers F(0) and F(1) from args[0] and args[1].// use either the Scanner class or Integer.parseInt(args[...])// you must handle possible exceptions !.... // get n from args[2]:.... // create a Fib object with params F(0) and F(1).... // calculate F(0), ..., F(n) and display them with System.out.println(...) using // the iterative methode f(i).... // calculate F(0), ..., F(n) and display them with System.out.println(...) using // the recursive methode fRec(i).... } // instance variables store F(0) and F(1):.... }; Write javadoc comments for the Fib class. Solution // Fib.java /** * This class provide iterative as well as recursive mode of * finding nth value of fibonaci series * * To run this program please run like java Fib 1 1 10 * * This means f(0) = 1, f(1) = 1 and you want to compute series for 10 numbers * * @author Anonymous * */ public class Fib { public Fib(int first, int second) { f0 = first; f1 = second; } static int f0; static int f1; public static int f(int n) throws Exception { if (n < 0) { throw new Exception (\"invalid value: n should be greater than equal to 0\"); } if (n == 0) return f0; if (n == 1) return f1; int prev = f1; int prevprev = f0; int result = 0; for (int i = 2 ; i <= n; i++) { result = prev + prevprev; prevprev = prev; prev = result; } return result; } public static int fRec(int n) throws Exception { if (n < 0) { throw new Exception (\"invalid value: n should be greater than equal to 0\"); } if ( n == 0) { return f0; } if (n == 1) { return f1; } return fRec(n-1) + fRec(n-2); } public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{ int first = 0; int second = 0; int n = 0; try { first = Integer.parseInt(args[0]); second = Integer.parseInt(args[1]); n = Integer.parseInt(args[2]); } catch (Exception e) { System.out.println(\"Please enter integer number only: \" + e); throw e; } Fib fib = new Fib(first, second);` System.out.println(\"Printing using iterative method\"); for (int i = 0; i <= n; i++) { System.out.println(f(i)); } System.out.println(\"Printing using recursive method\"); for (int i = 0; i <= n; i++) { System.out.pr.

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need an example of a System Anaysis and design project: must have 3 phases 1. Analysis of the business 2. System analysis(modeling, data proceduers and modeling and C. System design with input design, output design, and user interface A midsize business with 100 end-users has asked you to develop a new intranet with prioritization requirement list. It is clear to you that the business cannot function without an intranet these days. After the initial meeting with CFO and IT director, you were asked to start the job. They want you to produce a prliminary investigation report. Solution Introduction: In a big organization communication is very important, employees will share information, thoughts and other work related document. One way of achieving this is through a medium called \"Intranet\". The purpose of intranet is to make a \"internal world\". Business Analysis: (What should be filled in this section: What are all the problems or issues within a company, on identifying the issue discuss with stake holders and implement an accepted solution consider the below points 1) How to improve a problem. 2) Considering current business process. 3) Identify stakeholders.) Employees don\'t utilize very well. Because they fail to recognize the difference between internet and intranet. Following are the factors they fail to recognize. System Analysis: (What should be filled in this section:The system analysis phase focuses on what the system will do in an effort that views all stakeholders, as viable sources of information. In the analysis phase, a significant amount of time is spent talking with stakeholders and reviewing the stakeholder’s input) Here we will discuss about how to analyze problems that are occurring on the company or organization on using the intranet. Below are the steps to develop a intranet from scratch. Stakeholders Involved: 1)Employee 2)IT team managing the system 3)Networking team Analysis is the process to study the current or existing system of the company or organization. If there was already an intranet system built, analyzing it would give a better understanding what are the current problems and symptoms. If there was not already an intranet system built, studying how the system works without the intranet would give ideas which area in the system that can be improved using the intranet. For example, currently division A and division B has to exchange information about sales using a lot of paper and it is very tedious work to do. This simple example would give an idea to improve their job by building pages, forms, and databases so that everything will be done online and paperless. Analyzing the mission statement of what is the goal to build the intranet would also provide some basic guideline to develop the intranet Design Analysis: (What should be filled in this section: Design phase deals with how a product has to be designed and what are the functionalities to be added in the product) Design process is basically a process t.

need an example of a System Anaysis and design project must have 3 .pdf

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Money laundering has become a mechanism for terrorist financing activities. Research this topic and write a 4-page paper addressing the following: Describe how and why terrorist organizations use money laundering as a tool for financing their activities. How can investigators detect and investigate these schemes? What specific types of evidence will be useful to investigate these crimes? Is there any correlation between cybercrime and the techniques used to launder money? Identify a real case of money laundering and discuss the details? Solution How and why terrorist organization use money laundering as a tool for financing their activities: Ans: the criminal organizations are involved in primarily in profit- making crime. They a re constituted for this purposes as well as to exploit crime opportunities in a systematic and large scale manner.the reason is that the operation may generate vast amount of wealth. Investigators detect and investigate these schemes by establishing the link between cash , illicit activities and their perpetrators. Breaking up large amount unto smaller bank deposits. Purchasing money orders in smaller money amounts. These types of evidence will be useful to investigate these crimes:the data fusion center concept broadens the scope of the types of the data sources available for intelligence analysis.several tools such as SN-SPHERE ,IT DETECTS and investigates money laundering activities and can easily interface with other invesgative systems.the account owner withdrawal/deposit/transfer is detected by organizations.the profile analysis is done. Yes,There is correlation between cybercrimes and money laundering techniques. Real case: In1980s, the bank of credit and commerce international, a bank registered in Luxembourg and with offices in London, was found guilty of laundering an amount of money estimated to be in the billions for drug traffickers..

Money laundering has become a mechanism for terrorist financing acti.pdf

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Let x be any set and let lambda Solution Proof. Obviously and X are contained in T . For the second criterion, look at a subfamily {U : A} of T . Without loss of generality, assume that all U have a countable complement. Then X \\ S A U = T A X \\ U is the intersection of countable sets and therefore countable. Also, the finite union of countable sets is countable which yields the third criterion..

Let x be any set and let lambda SolutionProof. Obviously .pdf

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Java public cts Node t next ni next Solution You have to create two class file in same package. First Class File : package mergesortdemo; import java.util.*; public class MergesortDemo { public static void merge(int [] A, int first_var, int last_var) { int [] temp_var = new int[last_var-first_var+1]; if (first_varmid_var) { temp_var[i]= A[i2]; i2++; } else if (i2>last_var) { temp_var[i]= A[i1]; i1++; } else if (A[i1] stack=new Stack(); MergesortRecord m = new MergesortRecord(false, 0, A.length-1); stack.push(m); while (!stack.empty()) { System.out.println(\"Stack size is: \" + stack.size()); System.out.print(\"Top of stack is: \"); stack.peek().print(); m=stack.pop(); if (m.getsorted()) { merge(A,m.getfirst(),m.getlast()); } else{ if (m.getfirst().

Java public cts Node t next ni next SolutionYou hav.pdf

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