Week 9

1. Tufts University | Dept. Biomedical Engineering | David Kaplan Group | Summer 2020
Module No. 9
Food & Meat Science Analysis
Class Agenda
Meat Science Lecture (30
minutes)
Short lecture about meat science analysis
methods.
Meat Science Lab (2 hours)
A 10 question scaffold fabrication quiz in-class.

2. Mechanical Properties of Materials
Tufts University | Dept. Biomedical Engineering | David Kaplan Group | Summer 2020

3. Tufts University | Dept. Biomedical Engineering | David Kaplan Group | Summer 2020
Mechanical Properties of Materials

4. https://www.tec-science.com/material-science/ductility-of-metals/fundamentals-of-deformation/; https://www.princeton.edu/~maelabs/hpt/materials/dislocations.htm
Tufts University | Dept. Biomedical Engineering | David Kaplan Group | Summer 2020
Mechanical Properties of Materials

5. https://www.makinij.com/h-characteristics/
Tufts University | Dept. Biomedical Engineering | David Kaplan Group | Summer 2020
Mechanical Properties of Materials

6. https://skincare.academy/the-skin-series-part-i-functions-anatomy/
Tufts University | Dept. Biomedical Engineering | David Kaplan Group | Summer 2020
Mechanical Properties of Materials

7. https://opentextbc.ca/anatomyandphysiology/chapter/10-3-muscle-fiber-contraction-and-relaxation/
Tufts University | Dept. Biomedical Engineering | David Kaplan Group | Summer 2020
Mechanical Properties of Materials

8. Flexural forces
Compression
and
Shear forces
Compressive forces
FF
Tensile forces
https://www.sensorprod.com/glossary/compression-force/compression-force.php; https://www.instructables.com/
Tufts University | Dept. Biomedical Engineering | David Kaplan Group | Summer 2020
Mechanical Properties of Materials

9. Tufts University | Dept. Biomedical Engineering | David Kaplan Group | Summer 2020
What does this have to do with food?

10. Tufts University | Dept. Biomedical Engineering | David Kaplan Group | Summer 2020
What does this have to do with food?

11. Texture:
http://animalbiosciences.uoguelph.ca/~swatland/HTML10234/LEC17/CHAP17.html; https://www.deviantart.com/r-burton/art/Pulled-Pork-Illustration-298638614
Tufts University | Dept. Biomedical Engineering | David Kaplan Group | Summer 2020
What does this have to do with food?

12. Texture:
https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs00253-009-2422-9.pdf; https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2016/tb/c5tb02077h#!divAbstract
Culture:
Tufts University | Dept. Biomedical Engineering | David Kaplan Group | Summer 2020
What does this have to do with food?

13. Tufts University | Dept. Biomedical Engineering | David Kaplan Group | Summer 2020
Tissue Mechanics

14. Stress / Strain Curves
Tufts University | Dept. Biomedical Engineering | David Kaplan Group | Summer 2020

15. Example: CompressionTesting
Tufts University | Dept. Biomedical Engineering | David Kaplan Group | Summer 2020

16. Stress / Strain Curves
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/264395641; https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b01261
Different types of materials
offer different curves
Tufts University | Dept. Biomedical Engineering | David Kaplan Group | Summer 2020

17. Strain rate matters (porcine muscle)
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/264395641; https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b01261
Different types of materials
offer different curves
Tufts University | Dept. Biomedical Engineering | David Kaplan Group | Summer 2020
Stress / Strain Curves

18. Strain rate matters (porcine muscle)
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/264395641; https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b01261
Direction matters (Natalie’s chitosan)
Different types of materials
offer different curves
Tufts University | Dept. Biomedical Engineering | David Kaplan Group | Summer 2020
Stress / Strain Curves

19. Substrate mechanics affect cell…stemness
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/260527334_Shared_signaling_systems_in_myeloid_cell-mediated_muscle_regeneration/figures?lo=1
Stem
cells
Differentiated
cells
Tufts University | Dept. Biomedical Engineering | David Kaplan Group | Summer 2020

20. Substrate mechanics affect cell…stemness
https://science.sciencemag.org/content/329/5995/1078
Stem cells
(can divide)
Differentiated
cells (can’t)
Tufts University | Dept. Biomedical Engineering | David Kaplan Group | Summer 2020

21. Substrate mechanics affect cell…differentiation
https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/full/10.1089/ten.tea.2008.0111?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori:rid:crossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub%3dpubmed
Tufts University | Dept. Biomedical Engineering | David Kaplan Group | Summer 2020

22. Today: CompressionTesting
Our testing:
• Goals
• Stress/Strain curve
• Stress = F/A (units = pascals)
• Strain = ΔL/L (unitless)
• Elastic modulus (slope of curve at elastic region)
• Measurements needed:
• Cross-sectional area (A) (before testing)
• Sponge height (L) (before testing)
• ΔL and ΔF – possible methods:
• Add weight, then measure, then add weight, then measure
• (or rather than measuring, can take pictures and reference initial height)
• Add weight at a constant rate and film height
• (i.e., 1 mL every 5 seconds, or one coin every 10 seconds, etc)
• RECORDWHATYOU DO
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/275072630_Fabrication_and_In_Vitro_Evaluation_of_Nanosized_HydroxyapatiteChitosan-Based_Tissue_Engineering_Scaffolds
Tufts University | Dept. Biomedical Engineering | David Kaplan Group | Summer 2020