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TOPIC :
Practices For Tillage
Conservation
ο‚–
Any tillage or planting system in which at least 30
percent of the soil surface is covered by plant residue
after planting , To
Reduce water and wind erosion .
It optimize conservation of soil and water resources.
Conservation Tillage
ο‚–
ο‚™ There are are five types :
ο‚™ 1) No tillage
ο‚™ 2) Mulch tillage
ο‚™ 3) Strip or Zonal tillage
ο‚™ 4) Ridge till
ο‚™ 5) reduced till
Types of Conservation
Tillage System
ο‚–
ο‚™ Planting crops in previously unprepared soil by
opening a narrow slot, trench or band
ο‚™ Sufficient depth and width to obtain proper seed
coverage.
ο‚™ Herbicides used for weed management .
ο‚™ Effective conservation practice for reducing soil
erosion and improving water quality.
ο‚™ Minimum tractor power used .
No Tillage /Zero Tillage
ο‚–ο‚™ This is done by heavy implements .
ο‚™ Sow seed and applied fertilizer at the same time .
ο‚™ Zero tillage have increased yields in wet areas.
No Tillage /Zero Tillage
ο‚–
ο‚™ It is also called stubble mulch forming .
ο‚™ Causing least soil disturbance .
ο‚™ Leave maximum crop residues on soil surface .
ο‚™ A chisel plough used for break hard pan of soil .
Mulch Tillage System
ο‚–
ο‚™ Protection of soil against raindrop impact
ο‚™ Improved infiltration capacity .
ο‚™ Mulch stability depends on rate of residue
decomposition .
ο‚™ Climate and soil properties .
ο‚™ Relief and rainfall characteristics .
Benefits
ο‚–
ο‚™ The seedbed is divided into a seedling zone and a
soil management zone .
ο‚™ 5-10 cm wide tilled the soil for germination and
seedling establishment .
ο‚™ The inter row zone left and protected by mulch.
ο‚™ Strip tillage achieved by chiseling in row zone.
Strip Tillage System
ο‚–
ο‚™ One third of the soil surface is tilled at planting with
sweeps or row cleaner .
ο‚™ Planting of row crops is done on performed
cultivated ridges .
ο‚™ Weeds are controlled by herbicides .
ο‚™ Sometimes ridges goes on to six seasons .
ο‚™ Planting is done on ridges .
Ridge Till System
ο‚–
ο‚™ It is used in dry areas for collects of runoff water .
ο‚™ It induce waterlogging in clay soils .
ο‚™ Ridges are 20-30 cm wide and 10-20 cm high .
ο‚™ It increase the water holding capacity of soil.
ο‚™ Fertilizer and organic matter concentrated in ridges.
Benefits
ο‚–
ο‚™ Any farming practice which involves less cultivation.
ο‚™ Minimize soil disturbance .
ο‚™ Weeds and grasses are controlled by herbicides .
ο‚™ There are three types of reduced tillage :
ο‚™ 1) reduced cultivation
ο‚™ 2) direct drilling
ο‚™ 3) minimum tillage
Reduced Tillage
ο‚–
ο‚™ It involves grazing of crops stubble and weeds .
ο‚™ Followed by one cultivation .
ο‚™ Followed by contact herbicides .
Reduced Cultivation
ο‚–
ο‚™ It involves no cultivation sowing directly into
undisturbed soil.
ο‚™ Stubbles removed by grazing .
ο‚™ Remaining stubbles is burnt after rainy days .
Direct Drilling
ο‚–
ο‚™ It involves retention of stubbles and weeds
controlled by herbicides .
ο‚™ It involve one mechanical cultivation .
Minimum Tillage
ο‚–

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Conservation tillage, Practices used in Conservation Tillage

  • 1. TOPIC : Practices For Tillage Conservation
  • 2. ο‚– Any tillage or planting system in which at least 30 percent of the soil surface is covered by plant residue after planting , To Reduce water and wind erosion . It optimize conservation of soil and water resources. Conservation Tillage
  • 3. ο‚– ο‚™ There are are five types : ο‚™ 1) No tillage ο‚™ 2) Mulch tillage ο‚™ 3) Strip or Zonal tillage ο‚™ 4) Ridge till ο‚™ 5) reduced till Types of Conservation Tillage System
  • 4. ο‚– ο‚™ Planting crops in previously unprepared soil by opening a narrow slot, trench or band ο‚™ Sufficient depth and width to obtain proper seed coverage. ο‚™ Herbicides used for weed management . ο‚™ Effective conservation practice for reducing soil erosion and improving water quality. ο‚™ Minimum tractor power used . No Tillage /Zero Tillage
  • 5. ο‚–ο‚™ This is done by heavy implements . ο‚™ Sow seed and applied fertilizer at the same time . ο‚™ Zero tillage have increased yields in wet areas. No Tillage /Zero Tillage
  • 6. ο‚– ο‚™ It is also called stubble mulch forming . ο‚™ Causing least soil disturbance . ο‚™ Leave maximum crop residues on soil surface . ο‚™ A chisel plough used for break hard pan of soil . Mulch Tillage System
  • 7. ο‚– ο‚™ Protection of soil against raindrop impact ο‚™ Improved infiltration capacity . ο‚™ Mulch stability depends on rate of residue decomposition . ο‚™ Climate and soil properties . ο‚™ Relief and rainfall characteristics . Benefits
  • 8. ο‚– ο‚™ The seedbed is divided into a seedling zone and a soil management zone . ο‚™ 5-10 cm wide tilled the soil for germination and seedling establishment . ο‚™ The inter row zone left and protected by mulch. ο‚™ Strip tillage achieved by chiseling in row zone. Strip Tillage System
  • 9. ο‚– ο‚™ One third of the soil surface is tilled at planting with sweeps or row cleaner . ο‚™ Planting of row crops is done on performed cultivated ridges . ο‚™ Weeds are controlled by herbicides . ο‚™ Sometimes ridges goes on to six seasons . ο‚™ Planting is done on ridges . Ridge Till System
  • 10. ο‚– ο‚™ It is used in dry areas for collects of runoff water . ο‚™ It induce waterlogging in clay soils . ο‚™ Ridges are 20-30 cm wide and 10-20 cm high . ο‚™ It increase the water holding capacity of soil. ο‚™ Fertilizer and organic matter concentrated in ridges. Benefits
  • 11. ο‚– ο‚™ Any farming practice which involves less cultivation. ο‚™ Minimize soil disturbance . ο‚™ Weeds and grasses are controlled by herbicides . ο‚™ There are three types of reduced tillage : ο‚™ 1) reduced cultivation ο‚™ 2) direct drilling ο‚™ 3) minimum tillage Reduced Tillage
  • 12. ο‚– ο‚™ It involves grazing of crops stubble and weeds . ο‚™ Followed by one cultivation . ο‚™ Followed by contact herbicides . Reduced Cultivation
  • 13. ο‚– ο‚™ It involves no cultivation sowing directly into undisturbed soil. ο‚™ Stubbles removed by grazing . ο‚™ Remaining stubbles is burnt after rainy days . Direct Drilling
  • 14. ο‚– ο‚™ It involves retention of stubbles and weeds controlled by herbicides . ο‚™ It involve one mechanical cultivation . Minimum Tillage