Plant growth regulators are organic compounds that are either naturally produced by plants or synthesized in laboratories to control various physiological processes of plant growth and development. They include auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, abscisic acid, and ethylene. Auxins promote cell division, flowering, and fruit retention. Gibberellins stimulate stem elongation and seed germination. Cytokinins induce cell division. Abscisic acid closes stomata and aids seed maturation. Ethylene has varying effects, including fruit ripening and sprouting. The document reviews the roles and uses of different plant growth regulators in plant production and development.

1. Role of plant growth regulator in plant production
Presented By :
Saurav kumar
Research scholar

2. Introduction
 Plant require light, water, oxygen, minerals and other nutrient for their growth and
development.
 Apart from these external requirement ,plant also depend on certain organic
compounds to signal ,regulate and control the growth of plant.
 These are collectively called as Plant Growth Regulator or Plant Growth
Harmones.

3.  Plant growth regulator can be defined as chemical substance that control all the aspects of
growth and development within plants.
 They are also referred to as plant growth hormones or phytohormones.
 Plant growth hormones are organic compounds which are either produced naturally within
the plants or are synthesized in laboratories.
 They profoundly control and modify the physiological processes like the growth
,development and movement of plants.

4. Based on action PGR are divided into
Plant growth promoter.
 Auxin
 Gibberellins
 Cytokinins
Plant growth inhibitors.
 Abscisic acid
 Ethylene

5. Auxin
 The term auxin is derived from the Greek language meaning “to grow”.
 Promotes flowering in plants.
 Prevent dropping of fruits and leaves at early stages.
 Control xylem differentiation and help in cell division.
 Used in the process of plant propagation like cutting ,layering.
Gibberellins
 Involved in leaf expansions.
 Break bud and seed dormancy.
 Delay senescence in fruits
 Help fruits like apples to elongate and improve their shape.
 Gibberellins are acidic in nature.

6. Cytokinins
 They are produced in the region where cell division occurs ; mostly in the roots and shoots
 Promote cell division and apical dominance.
 They are used to keep flower fresh for a long time.
 Used in tissue culture in induce cell division in mature tissue.
Abscisic acid
 Stimulates closing of stomata in the epidermis.
 Helps in the development and maturation of seeds.
 Inhibit plant metabolism and seed germination.
 It is widely used as spraying agent on trees to regulate dropping of fruits.

7. Ethylene
 Ethylene is used as both plant growth promoter and plant growth inhibitor.
 Ethylene is synthesized by the ripening fruits and ageing tissues.
 Induce flowering in the mango tree.
 Breaks the dormancy of seed and buds.
 Promote sprouting of potato tubers.
 Enhances respiration rate during ripening of fruits.

8. SNO. Author’S
Name
Title of paper/
Article
NAME OF
JOURNAL,
YEAR
Vol, Issue
Finding/summary Critical
Review
1 Wilhelm
Rademacher
Plant growth
regulators;
background and uses
in plant production
Journal of plant
growth regulation
2015 Purpose of the study was to
increase and securing yield
and quality of the harvested
produce
2 M.Halman Synthetic plant
regulators
Elsevier 11/04/2008 The study focus on synthetic
plant growth regulator and
discusses their effect on the
yield of economics crops
3