2. OVERVIEW
Introduction to UAV
The quadcopterTheory
Hardware implementation
Selection of Components
Advance Features
Application
3. INTRODUCTION
Unmanned AerialVehicles(UAVs) are crafts capable of flight without an on-board
pilot.
They can be controlled remotely by an operator or can be controlled
autonomously via preprogramed flight paths.
Quad-copter is a device with an application of MECHATRONICS and mainly on the
principle of aviation.
4. QUADTHEORY
Quad-copter uses four propellers, each controlled by its own motor and ESC’s.
For Hovering:
– SUM(Fi) > m•g <=> climb
– SUM(Fi) = m•g <=> hover
– SUM(Fi) < m•g <=> decline
9. MOTORS
KV= 600-1200KV
Below 600 kv is better.
Low kv means we can swing big propeller, Big propeller means more thrust.
KV=RPM/v
EX:- 600KV motor 3s battery
600*11.1(3s battery)=6600RPM
10. It should be support both 3s and 4s lipo battery.
Shaft diameter = prop. Adapter
4Motors*500gms.Thrust=2000gms.Thrust
->It can lift upto 1000gms.
More watt= v*I, So more power.
12. Diameter=Virtual Circle that propeller generate.
Pitch=Amount of travel per revolution.
Ex:- Motor RPM=6600RPM(No load)
Propeller attached 10*3.8
(Means per revolution it will travel 3.8 inch)
With 10 inch prop. Speed will be reduced to 3600RPM.
1min=3600RPM
1sec= 60RPS
60*3.8=228inch/sec=5.7m/sec
60*6(big prop.)=360inch/sec=9.1m/sec.
So big prop. Climb the air at more speed
5.7m/sec<9.1m/sec
13. ELECTRONICS SPEED CONTROLLER(ESC)
It supply power from battery with respect to signal.
It has BEC(Battery Elimination Circuit)i.e. 5v. Output from ESC that can power up
the reciver.
Ampere rating of Esc must higher than maximum amp. Motors.
Esc=1.2-1.5*max. rating of motor
Ex:- 1.2*15=18Amp.
1.5*15=22.5Amp
Make sure Esc has programing facility.
14. BATTERY
C= Discharge Rate
Max current(A) at which battery can be discharged at particular time.
1s=1 Cell of 3.7v
2s=2cell in parallel*3.7=7.4v
3s=3cell*3.7v=11.1v
4s=4cell*3.7=14.48v
mAh
1000mA=1A
15. Ex:-Motor draws 15A
3s’’11.1*15=16.6watt
4s’’14.8=222watt
An Esc should be capable of handling 4s.
Generally we go for 3s battery.
i.e. 200mAh 40c min 60A.need.
Ex:-2200mAh 25C
2200mAh 40C
2200=2.2
.2*2.5c=55A
.2.2*40c=88A