Microcontroller

1. MICRO CONTROLLER
A SMALL COMPUTER ON A SINGLE METAL-OXIDE-
SEMICONDUCTOR (MOS) INTEGRATED CIRCUIT (IC)
CHIP

2. HISTORY OF
MICRO
CONTROLLER
• The origins of both the
microprocessor and the
microcontroller can be traced back
to the invention of the MOSFET
• It was invented by Mohamed M.
Atalla and Dawon Kahng at Bell
Labs in 1959, and first
demonstrated in 1960
• MOS chips further increased in
complexity at a rate predicted by
Moore's law, leading to large-scale
integration (LSI) with hundreds of
transistors on a single MOS chip by
the late 1960s.

3. DEVELOPMENT
• One book credits TI engineers Gary Boone and Michael Cochran
with the successful creation of the first microcontroller in 1971
• The result of their work was the TMS 1000, which became
commercially available in 1974. It combined read-only memory,
read/write memory, processor and clock on one chip and was
targeted at embedded systems.
• Among numerous applications, this chip would eventually find
its way into over one billion PC keyboards

4. EMBEDDED DESIGN
• A microcontroller can be considered a self-contained system with a
processor, memory and peripherals and can be used as an embedded
system.
• The majority of microcontrollers in use today are embedded in other
machinery, such as automobiles, telephones, appliances, and
peripherals for computer systems.
• Embedded systems usually have no keyboard, screen, disks, printers,
or other recognizable I/O devices of a personal computer, and may
lack human interaction devices of any kind

5. STRUCTURE OF AN FIRST MICROCONTROLLER
TMS1802 was one of the first microcontrollers. A microcontroller is a computer on a chip that is
used in most of today's appliances, entertainment devices, cell phones, and automobiles.
Courtesy: Texas Instruments.

6. COMPONENTS
THAT INCLUDE IN
A
MICROCONTROLL
ER
1. A/D converter
2. Oscillator
3. Random access memory
4. Read only memory
5. Program memory
6. EPROM memory
7. Data and address buss
8. Sequential data access ports

7. Input
Accessing data & controlling
Processing the
instructions & interrupts
Executing process
& Error detection
Output

9. 8051
MICROCONTROLL
ER ARCHITECTURE
 Which is designed by using
Complementary metal oxide
semiconductor and it is an
advanced version of All TMS801
processors.
 And it has the capability of 8/16
bytes of address and 8/16 of data
bus based on design.
 It has an high latency of Speed
data transmission and instruction
taking

10. NECESSITY OF MICROCONTROLLERS
• The basic structure of a microcontroller comprise of:-
• CPU – Microcontrollers brain is named as CPU. CPU is the device which is employed to
fetch data, decode it.
• Memory – In a microcontroller memory chip works same as microprocessor. Memory chip
stores all programs & data.
• Input/output ports – I/O ports are basically employed to interface or drive different
appliances such as- printers.
• Serial Ports – These ports give serial interfaces amid microcontroller & various other
peripherals such as parallel.