Attitudes can change over time through experience or influence from others. There are models that describe how attitudes are changed by adding or changing attributes of an object or brand, or by changing underlying beliefs. Studies show that attitude changes from high-credibility sources are more persistent initially but that low-credibility sources can have a similar lasting impact, known as the sleeper effect. The sleeper effect describes delayed attitude changes that are not immediately apparent after exposure but emerge later, and it applies also to intentions to persuade. The reason for the sleeper effect is unknown.