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Learn Electric Circuits
- 2. Lesson Objectives • State Ohm’s Law • Interpret graphs on the relationships between current, voltage and resistance • Differentiate between ohmic and non ohmic conductors In this lesson we will:
- 3. Lesson Introduction Electrical circuits are everywhere in our lives, from very complex ones that control computers and smart phones, to the simpler circuits that allow you to switch a lightbulb on and off. In order to understand how circuits work, we must understand Ohm’s law, which explains the relationships between the key concepts in a circuit.
- 4. Ohm’s Law • It is the relationship between voltage, current and resistance
- 5. Ohm’s Law states: • For a conductor at a constant temperature, the current in the conductor is directly proportional to the voltage (potential difference) across it.
- 6. Ohm’s Law Triangle Depending on which variable you are trying to solve for, you can manipulate the equation.
- 7. Ohm’s Law • We can also use a graph to show the relationship as stated by Ohm’s law. • If a conductor obeys Ohm’s Law, its resistance remains constant provided that its temperature remains constant also. • At a constant temperature, the ratio of V/I remains constant.
- 8. Ohmic vs. Non-ohmic conductors Ohmic conductor: Obeys Ohm’s Law • Its resistance remains constant provided its temperature does not change • Current directly proportional to voltage Non-ohmic conductor: DOES NOT obey Ohm’s Law • Its resistance does not remain constant • Current is not directly proportional to voltage
- 9. Ohmic vs. Non-ohmic conductors Ohmic: Any increase in voltage creates a linear increase in current Non-ohmic: Any increase in voltage creates a bon linear increase in current. Resistance changes based on current moving on it.
- 10. Questions 1. A load has a 1.2 A current flowing through it. The voltage across the load is 6.0 V. What is the resistance of the load? 2. What happens to current (I) when the voltage (V) is increased in a circuit? 3. What happens to current (I) when the resistance (R) is increased in a circuit?